A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescenc...A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.展开更多
Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the ...Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.展开更多
The development of polymeric materials that exhibit blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)is of great interest for optoelectronic applications.However,achieving TADF in polymers often requires an elaborat...The development of polymeric materials that exhibit blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)is of great interest for optoelectronic applications.However,achieving TADF in polymers often requires an elaborate monomer design.The high-energy local triplet state(^(3)LE)of carbazole complicates its application despite the molecular orbital arrangement being suitable for blue emission.Here,we present an approach to polymer design that makes it possible to solve this problem.We demonstrate the in situ formation of a TADF donor-acceptor system during Suzuki polycondensation,creating an extended carbazole-based donor matrix coupled with a triazine acceptor.The resulting polymer exhibited efficient TADF with a low energy gap(ΔE_(ST))value if a phenyl N-substituent,enabling essential electron delocalization,was present in the carbazole moiety.This work establishes a versatile platform for developing carbazole-based TADF polymers,overcoming the fundamental limitations that hinder their widespread application.展开更多
Time-delayed blasting is widely utilized in engineering to mitigate induced vibration hazards and enhance fragmentation.The underlying vibration reduction principle is the decrease of the charge weight per delay,while...Time-delayed blasting is widely utilized in engineering to mitigate induced vibration hazards and enhance fragmentation.The underlying vibration reduction principle is the decrease of the charge weight per delay,while the potential for further vibration reduction remains debated,largely due to unclear underlying mechanisms.In light of the popularization of electronic detonators and the representativeness of double-hole configurationsfor multiple blastholes,it is essential to investigate the vibration characteristics induced by time-delayed double blastholes.Therefore,a series of doubleborehole experimental blasts was conducted in an underground roadway to clarify the variation in vibration from single-hole to dual-hole conditions.Based on the experimental data and inherent limitations,an exact full-fieldtheoretical model was further employed to systematically analyze the effects of delay time,charge length,and borehole inclination angle on vibrations induced by various doublehole configurations.The experimental data and theoretical analysis reveal that the general scaled distance effectively predicts vibrations in delayed blasting but does not reflectvibration reduction.Increasing delay time causes fluctuatingPPVs,which stabilize slightly above single-hole PPVs as delay times exceed a certain value.The delayed blasting primarily reduces near-fieldfrequencies.Longer charge lengths in double boreholes increase PPV levels and attenuation rates within a certain length,and the vibration behavior of combined long and short charge lengths is governed by the long blasthole.Larger blasthole inclination angles enhance vibration amplitude and reduce PPV attenuation rates.Optimizing inclination angles is more critical than adjusting delay times,and parallel boreholes offer the best vibration control.展开更多
Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy s...Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy supplied by synaptic mitochondria,which are significantly influenced by oxidative stress.Sirtuin 3 is a histone deacetylase located in the mitochondrial matrix that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function.However,it remains unclear whether and how sirtuin 3 is involved in the development of delayed cognitive recovery.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the potential role of sirtuin 3 in synapses during delayed neurocognitive recovery.Our results showed that anesthesia and surgery induced cognitive impairment in mice and reduced sirtuin 3 protein expression.Overexpression of sirtuin 3 inhibited opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by reducing acetylation of K166 on cyclophilin D and also rescued cognitive impairment.Aged mice carrying the cyclophilin D-K166R mutation exhibited significantly reduced cognitive impairment.Similarly,administering the mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker,cyclosporine A,effectively alleviated the decline in synaptic mitochondrial function and cognitive impairment caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice.These results indicate that the sirtuin 3/cyclophilin D-K166/mPTP signaling pathway in hippocampal synaptic mitochondria is involved in delayed neurocognitive recovery of aged mice,suggesting this pathway could serve as a potential target for treatment.展开更多
A Langevin delayed fractional system with multiple delays in control,is a delayed fractional system that includes delay parameters in both state and control,is first introduced.This paper is devoted to investigating t...A Langevin delayed fractional system with multiple delays in control,is a delayed fractional system that includes delay parameters in both state and control,is first introduced.This paper is devoted to investigating the relative controllability of the Langevin delayed fractional system with multiple delays in control.For linear systems to be relatively controllable,necessary and sufficient circumstances are identified by introducing and employing the Gramian matrix.The sufficient conditions for the relative controllability of semilinear systems are ofered based on Schauder's fixed point theorem.As an unusual approach,the controllability results of the delayed system are built for the first time on the exact solution produced by the MittagLeffler type function although controllability ones in the literature are built on the Volterra integral equations or the mild solutions produced by resolvent families.展开更多
We present a compact optical delay line(ODL)with wide-range continuous tunability on thin-film lithium niobate platform.The proposed device integrates an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)architecture with du...We present a compact optical delay line(ODL)with wide-range continuous tunability on thin-film lithium niobate platform.The proposed device integrates an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)architecture with dual tunable couplers,where each coupler comprises two 2×2 multimode interferometers and a MZI phase-tuning section.Experimental results demonstrate continuous delay tuning from 0 to 293 ps through synchronized control of coupling coefficients,corresponding to a 4 cm path difference between interferometer arms.The measured delay range exhibits excellent agreement with theoretical predictions derived from ODL waveguide parameters.This result addresses critical challenges in integrated photonic systems that require precise temporal control,particularly for applications in optical communications and quantum information processing,where a wide tuning range is paramount.展开更多
The collective dynamic of a fractional-order globally coupled system with time delays and fluctuating frequency is investigated.The power-law memory of the system is characterized using the Caputo fractional derivativ...The collective dynamic of a fractional-order globally coupled system with time delays and fluctuating frequency is investigated.The power-law memory of the system is characterized using the Caputo fractional derivative operator.Additionally,time delays in the potential field force and coupling force transmission are both considered.Firstly,based on the delay decoupling formula,combined with statistical mean method and the fractional-order Shapiro–Loginov formula,the“statistic synchronization”among particles is obtained,revealing the statistical equivalence between the mean field behavior of the system and the behavior of individual particles.Due to the existence of the coupling delay,the impact of the coupling force on synchronization exhibits non-monotonic,which is different from the previous monotonic effects.Then,two kinds of theoretical expression of output amplitude gains G and G are derived by time-delay decoupling formula and small delay approximation theorem,respectively.Compared to G,G is an exact theoretical solution,which means that G is not only more accurate in the region of small delay,but also applies to the region of large delay.Finally,the study of the output amplitude gain G and its resonance behavior are explored.Due to the presence of the potential field delay,a new resonance phenomenon termed“periodic resonance”is discovered,which arises from the periodic matching between the potential field delay and the driving frequency.This resonance phenomenon is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively,uncovering undiscovered characteristics in previous studies.展开更多
We report the fabrication of an 8-meter-long thin-flm lithium niobate optical true delay line using the photolithography-assisted chemomechanical etching technique,showing a low transmission loss of 0.036 dB/cm in the...We report the fabrication of an 8-meter-long thin-flm lithium niobate optical true delay line using the photolithography-assisted chemomechanical etching technique,showing a low transmission loss of 0.036 dB/cm in the conventional telecom band.展开更多
To provide an energy-efficient and slab-demand-compliant rolling delay strategy,the simulation software is utilized to calculate the rolling delay process of the reheating furnace.Based on energy consumption evaluatio...To provide an energy-efficient and slab-demand-compliant rolling delay strategy,the simulation software is utilized to calculate the rolling delay process of the reheating furnace.Based on energy consumption evaluation,two optimization methods were employed.The bisection approach uses the needs of the slab to estimate the rolling delay temperature,and the golden section search method uses the energy consumption analysis of the slab to determine the high-temperature insulation duration.Generally,the slab closest to the discharge position in the control zone is selected as the optimization target.The optimized slab does not show a significant temperature rise after the end of the rolling delay process.When comparing the optimized rolling delay strategies with the traditional ones,the optimized rolling delay strategies not only meet the output requirements for slabs but also offer significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency,and this advantage increases with rolling delay time.展开更多
This paper deals with the problem of robust stabilization for uncertain Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy neutral systems with input delays and distributed delays.The purpose is to design a state feedback fuzzy controller with ...This paper deals with the problem of robust stabilization for uncertain Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy neutral systems with input delays and distributed delays.The purpose is to design a state feedback fuzzy controller with a H∞performance such that the resulting closed-loop system is robustly stable.Sufficient conditions for the solvability of the problem are obtained by utilizing proper Lyapunov functional together with the linear matrix inequality(LMI)approach,especially two different improved results on robust H∞controller design with relaxed conditions are obtained.Finally,we provide two examples to verify the effectiveness of our design method and give some principle for choosing the proper controller under certain circumstances.展开更多
BACKGROUND Studies investigating diagnostic delays and their effects on patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.AIM To investigate the current status and associated factors influencing diagnostic delays in 401 patients with...BACKGROUND Studies investigating diagnostic delays and their effects on patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.AIM To investigate the current status and associated factors influencing diagnostic delays in 401 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from June 2020 to December 2023.Data were collected through telephone follow-ups and questionnaires.The Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to compare diagnostic delays across various characteristics.Multivariate linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with diagnostic delays.RESULTS The median diagnostic delay was 5 months,with an interquartile range of 2-11 months.The proportions of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who initially visited tertiary,secondary,and primary hospitals were 38.9%,37.91%,and 23.19%,respectively.Furthermore,the rates of patients undergoing liver computed tomography(CT)during their first visit at tertiary,secondary,and primary hospitals were 92.95%,13.82%,and 1.08%,respectively(P<0.001).Significant differences were observed in diagnostic delay-related characteristics,including residence,resident type,initial diagnosis,medical insurance,liver CT,and liver ultrasound during the first visit,age,years of education,family size,marital status,annual family income,years of drinking,daily alcohol consumption,and type of alcohol consumed(P<0.01).Furthermore,diagnostic delays were variably associated with daily alcohol consumption and other characteristics(i.e.residence,years of drinking,medical insurance,years of education,annual family income,liver CT and ultrasound during the first visit).Significant predictors of diagnostic delay identified on multivariate linear regression analysis included years of education,daily alcohol consumption,annual family income and blood ammonia levels(P<0.01).Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis experience varying degrees of diagnostic delays,necessitating interventions targeting potential contributing factors.CONCLUSION Our study indicates that patients with alcoholic cirrhosis may experience varying degrees of diagnostic delay.Interventions targeting potential factors contributing to diagnostic delay are necessary.展开更多
Research Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the third leading cause of female cancer death in Bangladesh. Delay in initiation of treatment in advanced stage cervical cancer patie...Research Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the third leading cause of female cancer death in Bangladesh. Delay in initiation of treatment in advanced stage cervical cancer patients is an important modifiable risk factor for cancer-related mortality. Identifying elements associated with delay of diagnosis will help reduce barriers to timely treatment of cervical cancer. Research Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the factors leading to delay in diagnosis and treatment of women with advanced stage cervical cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study analyzed the factors associated with delay in initiation of treatment for 138 patients with advanced-stage cervical cancer from November 2019 to October 2020 at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Advanced-stage cervical cancer patients between the ages of 30 to 70 years were included in this study. Face-to-face interviews with the participants used a predesigned data collection sheet. In this study, three components of delay were identified: primary delay due to patient factors, healthcare provider delay, and healthcare-system infrastructure delay. Factors associated with delay were the independent variables and durations of delay were the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean + standard deviation, median, percentage, and frequency. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight patients with advanced stage cervical cancer were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 48.74 (±9.57) years. Thirty-four percent of patients were illiterate. More than half (57.25%) of the patients were from lower middle-class families. Delays were categorized as patient-related, healthcare provider delay, and healthcare-system infrastructure related. Patient-related factors included low monthly income, residence in a rural area, embarrassment, fear, lack of knowledge regarding cervical cancer, delay in contacting a spouse, family member or friend prior to the first medical encounter. These elements predicted a primary delay of more than 60 days (P value Conclusion: Three broad categories of delay in diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer: patient-related factors, healthcare provider-related factors, and healthcare-system infrastructure factors were analyzed. Illiteracy, lack of awareness regarding cervical cancer, lack of health-seeking behavior, and poor income status were associated with patient-related primary delay. Nonperformance of speculum examination in the initial consultation, misdiagnosis, inappropriate management, and delay in referral to the cancer treatment center by primary healthcare providers were the contributing factors for healthcare provider delay. Lack of availability and accessibility of health services and limitation of radiotherapy resources led to healthcare-system infrastructure delays. All three categories of delay must be addressed through the education of communities, the gynecologic training of community healthcare providers, the improvement of medical infrastructure, and the increase of medical resources.展开更多
Deep neural networks(DNNs)are effective in solving both forward and inverse problems for nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).However,conventional DNNs are not effective in handling problems such as delay di...Deep neural networks(DNNs)are effective in solving both forward and inverse problems for nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).However,conventional DNNs are not effective in handling problems such as delay differential equations(DDEs)and delay integrodifferential equations(DIDEs)with constant delays,primarily due to their low regularity at delayinduced breaking points.In this paper,a DNN method that combines multi-task learning(MTL)which is proposed to solve both the forward and inverse problems of DIDEs.The core idea of this approach is to divide the original equation into multiple tasks based on the delay,using auxiliary outputs to represent the integral terms,followed by the use of MTL to seamlessly incorporate the properties at the breaking points into the loss function.Furthermore,given the increased training dificulty associated with multiple tasks and outputs,we employ a sequential training scheme to reduce training complexity and provide reference solutions for subsequent tasks.This approach significantly enhances the approximation accuracy of solving DIDEs with DNNs,as demonstrated by comparisons with traditional DNN methods.We validate the effectiveness of this method through several numerical experiments,test various parameter sharing structures in MTL and compare the testing results of these structures.Finally,this method is implemented to solve the inverse problem of nonlinear DIDE and the results show that the unknown parameters of DIDE can be discovered with sparse or noisy data.展开更多
New delay-independent and delay-dependent stability criteria for linear systems with multiple time-varying delays are established by using the time-domain method. The results are derived based on a new-type stability ...New delay-independent and delay-dependent stability criteria for linear systems with multiple time-varying delays are established by using the time-domain method. The results are derived based on a new-type stability theorem for general retarded dynamical systems and new analysis techniques developed in the author's previous work. Unlike some results in the literature, all of the established results do not depend on the derivative of time-varying delays. Therefore, they are suitable for the case with very fast time-varying delays. In addition, some remarks are also given to explain the obtained results and to point out the limitations of the previous results in the literature. Keywords Stability - Delay-independent criteria - Delay-dependent criteria - Linear time-delay systems - Multiple time-varying delays This work was supported by NSFC Key-Project (No. 60334010) and Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31406).展开更多
Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed ...Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.展开更多
The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled p...The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the periodic traveling wave solutions problem for a single population model with advection and distributed delay.By the bifurcation analysis method,we can obtain periodic traveling wave so...In this paper,we investigate the periodic traveling wave solutions problem for a single population model with advection and distributed delay.By the bifurcation analysis method,we can obtain periodic traveling wave solutions for this model under the influence of advection term and distributed delay.The obtained results indicate that weak kernel and strong kernel can both deduce the existence of periodic traveling wave solutions.Finally,we apply the main results in this paper to Logistic model and Nicholson’s blowflies model.展开更多
Objective:The neurotoxicity of carbon monoxide(CO)to the central nervous system is a key pathogenesis of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP).Our previous study found that retinoic acid...Objective:The neurotoxicity of carbon monoxide(CO)to the central nervous system is a key pathogenesis of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP).Our previous study found that retinoic acid(RA)can suppress the neurotoxic effects of CO.This study further explores,in vivo and in vitro,the molecular mechanisms by which RA alleviates CO-induced central nervous system damage.Methods:A cytotoxic model was established using the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 and primary oligodendrocytes exposed to CO,and a DEACMP animal model was established in adult Kunming mice.Cell viability and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide(PI)double staining.The transcriptional and protein expression of each gene was detected using real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blotting.Long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)SNHG15 and LINGO-1 were knocked down or overexpressed to observe changes in neurons and oligodendrocytes.In DEACMP mice,SNHG15 or LINGO-1 were knocked down to assess changes in central nervous tissue and downstream protein expression.Results:RA at 10 and 20μmol/L significantly reversed CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes,downregulation of SNHG15 and LINGO-1,and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and tyrosine kinase receptor B(TrkB)(all P<0.05).Overexpression of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 weakened the protective effect of RA against CO-induced cytotoxicity(all P<0.05).Knockdown of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 alleviated CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes and upregulated BDNF and TrkB expression levels(all P<0.05).Experiments in DEACMP model mice showed that knockdown of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 mitigated central nervous system injury in DEACMP(all P<0.05).Conclusion:RA alleviates CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes,thereby reducing central nervous system injury and exerting neuroprotective effects.LncRNA SNHG15 and LINGO-1 are key molecules mediating RA induced inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and are associated with the BDNF/TrkB pathway.These findings provide a theoretical framework for optimizing the clinical treatment of DEACMP and lay an experimental foundation for elucidating its molecular mechanisms.展开更多
文摘A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.
文摘Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation (No. 25-13-00300)the Centre for Optical and Laser Materials Research (SPbSU) and Saint Petersburg State University for measuring the quantum yields of luminescence within the framework of research project(No.125021902439-8)。
文摘The development of polymeric materials that exhibit blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)is of great interest for optoelectronic applications.However,achieving TADF in polymers often requires an elaborate monomer design.The high-energy local triplet state(^(3)LE)of carbazole complicates its application despite the molecular orbital arrangement being suitable for blue emission.Here,we present an approach to polymer design that makes it possible to solve this problem.We demonstrate the in situ formation of a TADF donor-acceptor system during Suzuki polycondensation,creating an extended carbazole-based donor matrix coupled with a triazine acceptor.The resulting polymer exhibited efficient TADF with a low energy gap(ΔE_(ST))value if a phenyl N-substituent,enabling essential electron delocalization,was present in the carbazole moiety.This work establishes a versatile platform for developing carbazole-based TADF polymers,overcoming the fundamental limitations that hinder their widespread application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42407267 and 52374152)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20220975).
文摘Time-delayed blasting is widely utilized in engineering to mitigate induced vibration hazards and enhance fragmentation.The underlying vibration reduction principle is the decrease of the charge weight per delay,while the potential for further vibration reduction remains debated,largely due to unclear underlying mechanisms.In light of the popularization of electronic detonators and the representativeness of double-hole configurationsfor multiple blastholes,it is essential to investigate the vibration characteristics induced by time-delayed double blastholes.Therefore,a series of doubleborehole experimental blasts was conducted in an underground roadway to clarify the variation in vibration from single-hole to dual-hole conditions.Based on the experimental data and inherent limitations,an exact full-fieldtheoretical model was further employed to systematically analyze the effects of delay time,charge length,and borehole inclination angle on vibrations induced by various doublehole configurations.The experimental data and theoretical analysis reveal that the general scaled distance effectively predicts vibrations in delayed blasting but does not reflectvibration reduction.Increasing delay time causes fluctuatingPPVs,which stabilize slightly above single-hole PPVs as delay times exceed a certain value.The delayed blasting primarily reduces near-fieldfrequencies.Longer charge lengths in double boreholes increase PPV levels and attenuation rates within a certain length,and the vibration behavior of combined long and short charge lengths is governed by the long blasthole.Larger blasthole inclination angles enhance vibration amplitude and reduce PPV attenuation rates.Optimizing inclination angles is more critical than adjusting delay times,and parallel boreholes offer the best vibration control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81701040(to HM),82071180(to HM),82271206(to TL),82171191(to YW),82371211(to YW)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7212023(to HM)Key Subject of the Natural Science Foundation ofJiangsu Province for Colleges and Universities,No.23KJA320009(to YW).
文摘Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy supplied by synaptic mitochondria,which are significantly influenced by oxidative stress.Sirtuin 3 is a histone deacetylase located in the mitochondrial matrix that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function.However,it remains unclear whether and how sirtuin 3 is involved in the development of delayed cognitive recovery.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the potential role of sirtuin 3 in synapses during delayed neurocognitive recovery.Our results showed that anesthesia and surgery induced cognitive impairment in mice and reduced sirtuin 3 protein expression.Overexpression of sirtuin 3 inhibited opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by reducing acetylation of K166 on cyclophilin D and also rescued cognitive impairment.Aged mice carrying the cyclophilin D-K166R mutation exhibited significantly reduced cognitive impairment.Similarly,administering the mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker,cyclosporine A,effectively alleviated the decline in synaptic mitochondrial function and cognitive impairment caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice.These results indicate that the sirtuin 3/cyclophilin D-K166/mPTP signaling pathway in hippocampal synaptic mitochondria is involved in delayed neurocognitive recovery of aged mice,suggesting this pathway could serve as a potential target for treatment.
文摘A Langevin delayed fractional system with multiple delays in control,is a delayed fractional system that includes delay parameters in both state and control,is first introduced.This paper is devoted to investigating the relative controllability of the Langevin delayed fractional system with multiple delays in control.For linear systems to be relatively controllable,necessary and sufficient circumstances are identified by introducing and employing the Gramian matrix.The sufficient conditions for the relative controllability of semilinear systems are ofered based on Schauder's fixed point theorem.As an unusual approach,the controllability results of the delayed system are built for the first time on the exact solution produced by the MittagLeffler type function although controllability ones in the literature are built on the Volterra integral equations or the mild solutions produced by resolvent families.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12192251,12334014,12404378,92480001,12134001,12174113,12174107,12474325,12404379,and 12474378)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301403)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics&Advanced Instrument,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University(Grant No.2023nmc005).
文摘We present a compact optical delay line(ODL)with wide-range continuous tunability on thin-film lithium niobate platform.The proposed device integrates an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)architecture with dual tunable couplers,where each coupler comprises two 2×2 multimode interferometers and a MZI phase-tuning section.Experimental results demonstrate continuous delay tuning from 0 to 293 ps through synchronized control of coupling coefficients,corresponding to a 4 cm path difference between interferometer arms.The measured delay range exhibits excellent agreement with theoretical predictions derived from ODL waveguide parameters.This result addresses critical challenges in integrated photonic systems that require precise temporal control,particularly for applications in optical communications and quantum information processing,where a wide tuning range is paramount.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(Youth Science Foundation)(Grant No.2022NSFSC1952).
文摘The collective dynamic of a fractional-order globally coupled system with time delays and fluctuating frequency is investigated.The power-law memory of the system is characterized using the Caputo fractional derivative operator.Additionally,time delays in the potential field force and coupling force transmission are both considered.Firstly,based on the delay decoupling formula,combined with statistical mean method and the fractional-order Shapiro–Loginov formula,the“statistic synchronization”among particles is obtained,revealing the statistical equivalence between the mean field behavior of the system and the behavior of individual particles.Due to the existence of the coupling delay,the impact of the coupling force on synchronization exhibits non-monotonic,which is different from the previous monotonic effects.Then,two kinds of theoretical expression of output amplitude gains G and G are derived by time-delay decoupling formula and small delay approximation theorem,respectively.Compared to G,G is an exact theoretical solution,which means that G is not only more accurate in the region of small delay,but also applies to the region of large delay.Finally,the study of the output amplitude gain G and its resonance behavior are explored.Due to the presence of the potential field delay,a new resonance phenomenon termed“periodic resonance”is discovered,which arises from the periodic matching between the potential field delay and the driving frequency.This resonance phenomenon is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively,uncovering undiscovered characteristics in previous studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12192251,12334014,92480001,12134001,12304418,12274130,12274133,12474378,and 12404378)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1404600 and 2022YFA1205100)+2 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301403)the Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics&Advanced Instrument,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University(Grant No.2023nmc005)。
文摘We report the fabrication of an 8-meter-long thin-flm lithium niobate optical true delay line using the photolithography-assisted chemomechanical etching technique,showing a low transmission loss of 0.036 dB/cm in the conventional telecom band.
文摘To provide an energy-efficient and slab-demand-compliant rolling delay strategy,the simulation software is utilized to calculate the rolling delay process of the reheating furnace.Based on energy consumption evaluation,two optimization methods were employed.The bisection approach uses the needs of the slab to estimate the rolling delay temperature,and the golden section search method uses the energy consumption analysis of the slab to determine the high-temperature insulation duration.Generally,the slab closest to the discharge position in the control zone is selected as the optimization target.The optimized slab does not show a significant temperature rise after the end of the rolling delay process.When comparing the optimized rolling delay strategies with the traditional ones,the optimized rolling delay strategies not only meet the output requirements for slabs but also offer significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency,and this advantage increases with rolling delay time.
基金Research Project of Huzhou University under Grunt KYL21223。
文摘This paper deals with the problem of robust stabilization for uncertain Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy neutral systems with input delays and distributed delays.The purpose is to design a state feedback fuzzy controller with a H∞performance such that the resulting closed-loop system is robustly stable.Sufficient conditions for the solvability of the problem are obtained by utilizing proper Lyapunov functional together with the linear matrix inequality(LMI)approach,especially two different improved results on robust H∞controller design with relaxed conditions are obtained.Finally,we provide two examples to verify the effectiveness of our design method and give some principle for choosing the proper controller under certain circumstances.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2019YFE0190800.
文摘BACKGROUND Studies investigating diagnostic delays and their effects on patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.AIM To investigate the current status and associated factors influencing diagnostic delays in 401 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from June 2020 to December 2023.Data were collected through telephone follow-ups and questionnaires.The Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to compare diagnostic delays across various characteristics.Multivariate linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with diagnostic delays.RESULTS The median diagnostic delay was 5 months,with an interquartile range of 2-11 months.The proportions of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who initially visited tertiary,secondary,and primary hospitals were 38.9%,37.91%,and 23.19%,respectively.Furthermore,the rates of patients undergoing liver computed tomography(CT)during their first visit at tertiary,secondary,and primary hospitals were 92.95%,13.82%,and 1.08%,respectively(P<0.001).Significant differences were observed in diagnostic delay-related characteristics,including residence,resident type,initial diagnosis,medical insurance,liver CT,and liver ultrasound during the first visit,age,years of education,family size,marital status,annual family income,years of drinking,daily alcohol consumption,and type of alcohol consumed(P<0.01).Furthermore,diagnostic delays were variably associated with daily alcohol consumption and other characteristics(i.e.residence,years of drinking,medical insurance,years of education,annual family income,liver CT and ultrasound during the first visit).Significant predictors of diagnostic delay identified on multivariate linear regression analysis included years of education,daily alcohol consumption,annual family income and blood ammonia levels(P<0.01).Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis experience varying degrees of diagnostic delays,necessitating interventions targeting potential contributing factors.CONCLUSION Our study indicates that patients with alcoholic cirrhosis may experience varying degrees of diagnostic delay.Interventions targeting potential factors contributing to diagnostic delay are necessary.
文摘Research Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the third leading cause of female cancer death in Bangladesh. Delay in initiation of treatment in advanced stage cervical cancer patients is an important modifiable risk factor for cancer-related mortality. Identifying elements associated with delay of diagnosis will help reduce barriers to timely treatment of cervical cancer. Research Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the factors leading to delay in diagnosis and treatment of women with advanced stage cervical cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study analyzed the factors associated with delay in initiation of treatment for 138 patients with advanced-stage cervical cancer from November 2019 to October 2020 at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Advanced-stage cervical cancer patients between the ages of 30 to 70 years were included in this study. Face-to-face interviews with the participants used a predesigned data collection sheet. In this study, three components of delay were identified: primary delay due to patient factors, healthcare provider delay, and healthcare-system infrastructure delay. Factors associated with delay were the independent variables and durations of delay were the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean + standard deviation, median, percentage, and frequency. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight patients with advanced stage cervical cancer were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 48.74 (±9.57) years. Thirty-four percent of patients were illiterate. More than half (57.25%) of the patients were from lower middle-class families. Delays were categorized as patient-related, healthcare provider delay, and healthcare-system infrastructure related. Patient-related factors included low monthly income, residence in a rural area, embarrassment, fear, lack of knowledge regarding cervical cancer, delay in contacting a spouse, family member or friend prior to the first medical encounter. These elements predicted a primary delay of more than 60 days (P value Conclusion: Three broad categories of delay in diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer: patient-related factors, healthcare provider-related factors, and healthcare-system infrastructure factors were analyzed. Illiteracy, lack of awareness regarding cervical cancer, lack of health-seeking behavior, and poor income status were associated with patient-related primary delay. Nonperformance of speculum examination in the initial consultation, misdiagnosis, inappropriate management, and delay in referral to the cancer treatment center by primary healthcare providers were the contributing factors for healthcare provider delay. Lack of availability and accessibility of health services and limitation of radiotherapy resources led to healthcare-system infrastructure delays. All three categories of delay must be addressed through the education of communities, the gynecologic training of community healthcare providers, the improvement of medical infrastructure, and the increase of medical resources.
文摘Deep neural networks(DNNs)are effective in solving both forward and inverse problems for nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).However,conventional DNNs are not effective in handling problems such as delay differential equations(DDEs)and delay integrodifferential equations(DIDEs)with constant delays,primarily due to their low regularity at delayinduced breaking points.In this paper,a DNN method that combines multi-task learning(MTL)which is proposed to solve both the forward and inverse problems of DIDEs.The core idea of this approach is to divide the original equation into multiple tasks based on the delay,using auxiliary outputs to represent the integral terms,followed by the use of MTL to seamlessly incorporate the properties at the breaking points into the loss function.Furthermore,given the increased training dificulty associated with multiple tasks and outputs,we employ a sequential training scheme to reduce training complexity and provide reference solutions for subsequent tasks.This approach significantly enhances the approximation accuracy of solving DIDEs with DNNs,as demonstrated by comparisons with traditional DNN methods.We validate the effectiveness of this method through several numerical experiments,test various parameter sharing structures in MTL and compare the testing results of these structures.Finally,this method is implemented to solve the inverse problem of nonlinear DIDE and the results show that the unknown parameters of DIDE can be discovered with sparse or noisy data.
文摘New delay-independent and delay-dependent stability criteria for linear systems with multiple time-varying delays are established by using the time-domain method. The results are derived based on a new-type stability theorem for general retarded dynamical systems and new analysis techniques developed in the author's previous work. Unlike some results in the literature, all of the established results do not depend on the derivative of time-varying delays. Therefore, they are suitable for the case with very fast time-varying delays. In addition, some remarks are also given to explain the obtained results and to point out the limitations of the previous results in the literature. Keywords Stability - Delay-independent criteria - Delay-dependent criteria - Linear time-delay systems - Multiple time-varying delays This work was supported by NSFC Key-Project (No. 60334010) and Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31406).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U21A20449in part by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program under Grant BE2021013-2。
文摘Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.
基金supported by Fund of State Key Laboratory of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2021ZT16),China.
文摘The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12261050)Science and Technology Project of Department of Education of Jiangxi Province(GJJ2201612 and GJJ211027)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China(20212BAB202021)。
文摘In this paper,we investigate the periodic traveling wave solutions problem for a single population model with advection and distributed delay.By the bifurcation analysis method,we can obtain periodic traveling wave solutions for this model under the influence of advection term and distributed delay.The obtained results indicate that weak kernel and strong kernel can both deduce the existence of periodic traveling wave solutions.Finally,we apply the main results in this paper to Logistic model and Nicholson’s blowflies model.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ31089)the Scientific Research Project of Health Commission of Hunan Province(202203104548),China。
文摘Objective:The neurotoxicity of carbon monoxide(CO)to the central nervous system is a key pathogenesis of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP).Our previous study found that retinoic acid(RA)can suppress the neurotoxic effects of CO.This study further explores,in vivo and in vitro,the molecular mechanisms by which RA alleviates CO-induced central nervous system damage.Methods:A cytotoxic model was established using the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 and primary oligodendrocytes exposed to CO,and a DEACMP animal model was established in adult Kunming mice.Cell viability and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide(PI)double staining.The transcriptional and protein expression of each gene was detected using real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blotting.Long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)SNHG15 and LINGO-1 were knocked down or overexpressed to observe changes in neurons and oligodendrocytes.In DEACMP mice,SNHG15 or LINGO-1 were knocked down to assess changes in central nervous tissue and downstream protein expression.Results:RA at 10 and 20μmol/L significantly reversed CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes,downregulation of SNHG15 and LINGO-1,and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and tyrosine kinase receptor B(TrkB)(all P<0.05).Overexpression of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 weakened the protective effect of RA against CO-induced cytotoxicity(all P<0.05).Knockdown of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 alleviated CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes and upregulated BDNF and TrkB expression levels(all P<0.05).Experiments in DEACMP model mice showed that knockdown of SNHG15 or LINGO-1 mitigated central nervous system injury in DEACMP(all P<0.05).Conclusion:RA alleviates CO-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and oligodendrocytes,thereby reducing central nervous system injury and exerting neuroprotective effects.LncRNA SNHG15 and LINGO-1 are key molecules mediating RA induced inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and are associated with the BDNF/TrkB pathway.These findings provide a theoretical framework for optimizing the clinical treatment of DEACMP and lay an experimental foundation for elucidating its molecular mechanisms.
