Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the production of metal bone implants,enabling unprecedented levels of customization and functionality.Recent advancements in surface-modification technologies have been cr...Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the production of metal bone implants,enabling unprecedented levels of customization and functionality.Recent advancements in surface-modification technologies have been crucial in enhancing the performance and biocompatibility of implants.Through leveraging the versatility of AM techniques,particularly powder bed fusion,a range of metallic biomaterials,including stainless steel,titanium,and biodegradable alloys,can be utilized to fabricate implants tailored for craniofacial,trunk,and limb bone reconstructions.However,the potential of AM is contingent on addressing intrinsic defects that may hinder implant performance.Techniques such as sandblasting,chemical treatment,electropolishing,heat treatment,and laser technology effectively remove residual powder and improve the surface roughness of these implants.The development of functional coatings,applied via both dry and wet methods,represents a significant advancement in surface modification research.These coatings not only improve mechanical and biological interactions at the implant-bone interface but also facilitate controlled drug release and enhance antimicrobial properties.Addition-ally,micro-and nanoscale surface modifications using chemical and laser techniques can precisely sculpt implant surfaces to promote the desired cellular responses.This detailed exploration of surface engineering offers a wealth of opportunities for creating next-generation implants that are not only biocompatible but also bioactive,laying the foundation for more effective solutions in bone reconstruction.展开更多
Defect formation is a critical challenge for powder-based metal additive manufacturing(AM).Current understanding on the three important issues including formation mechanism,influence and control method of metal AM def...Defect formation is a critical challenge for powder-based metal additive manufacturing(AM).Current understanding on the three important issues including formation mechanism,influence and control method of metal AM defects should be updated.In this review paper,multi-scale defects in AMed metals and alloys are identified and for the first time classified into three categories,including geometry related,surface integrity related and microstructural defects.In particular,the microstructural defects are further divided into internal cracks and pores,textured columnar grains,compositional defects and dislocation cells.The root causes of the multi-scale defects are discussed.The key factors that affect the defect formation are identified and analyzed.The detection methods and modeling of the multi-scale defects are briefly introduced.The effects of the multi-scale defects on the mechanical properties especially for tensile properties and fatigue performance of AMed metallic components are reviewed.Various control and mitigation methods for the corresponding defects,include process parameter control,post processing,alloy design and hybrid AM techniques,are summarized and discussed.From research aspect,current research gaps and future prospects from three important aspects of the multi-scale AM defects are identified and delineated.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275343)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LY23E050003)Ningbo Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project(Grant No.2023QL021).
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the production of metal bone implants,enabling unprecedented levels of customization and functionality.Recent advancements in surface-modification technologies have been crucial in enhancing the performance and biocompatibility of implants.Through leveraging the versatility of AM techniques,particularly powder bed fusion,a range of metallic biomaterials,including stainless steel,titanium,and biodegradable alloys,can be utilized to fabricate implants tailored for craniofacial,trunk,and limb bone reconstructions.However,the potential of AM is contingent on addressing intrinsic defects that may hinder implant performance.Techniques such as sandblasting,chemical treatment,electropolishing,heat treatment,and laser technology effectively remove residual powder and improve the surface roughness of these implants.The development of functional coatings,applied via both dry and wet methods,represents a significant advancement in surface modification research.These coatings not only improve mechanical and biological interactions at the implant-bone interface but also facilitate controlled drug release and enhance antimicrobial properties.Addition-ally,micro-and nanoscale surface modifications using chemical and laser techniques can precisely sculpt implant surfaces to promote the desired cellular responses.This detailed exploration of surface engineering offers a wealth of opportunities for creating next-generation implants that are not only biocompatible but also bioactive,laying the foundation for more effective solutions in bone reconstruction.
基金the funding support to this research via the projects of ZVMR,BBAT and ZE1W from The Hong Kong Polytechnic Universityproject#RNE-p2–21 of the Shun Hing Institute of Advanced EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong and the GRF projects(Nos.15223520 and 15228621)。
文摘Defect formation is a critical challenge for powder-based metal additive manufacturing(AM).Current understanding on the three important issues including formation mechanism,influence and control method of metal AM defects should be updated.In this review paper,multi-scale defects in AMed metals and alloys are identified and for the first time classified into three categories,including geometry related,surface integrity related and microstructural defects.In particular,the microstructural defects are further divided into internal cracks and pores,textured columnar grains,compositional defects and dislocation cells.The root causes of the multi-scale defects are discussed.The key factors that affect the defect formation are identified and analyzed.The detection methods and modeling of the multi-scale defects are briefly introduced.The effects of the multi-scale defects on the mechanical properties especially for tensile properties and fatigue performance of AMed metallic components are reviewed.Various control and mitigation methods for the corresponding defects,include process parameter control,post processing,alloy design and hybrid AM techniques,are summarized and discussed.From research aspect,current research gaps and future prospects from three important aspects of the multi-scale AM defects are identified and delineated.
