针对输电线路耐张线夹X射线数字成像(X-ray digital radiography, X-DR)图像检测效率较低,且人工识别易受主观因素影响的问题,提出一种基于YOLO-ISC的输电线路耐张线夹压接缺陷检测方法。首先,在YOLOv8的主干网络中引入注意力特征融合(i...针对输电线路耐张线夹X射线数字成像(X-ray digital radiography, X-DR)图像检测效率较低,且人工识别易受主观因素影响的问题,提出一种基于YOLO-ISC的输电线路耐张线夹压接缺陷检测方法。首先,在YOLOv8的主干网络中引入注意力特征融合(iterative attention feature fusion, iAFF)模块,通过逐层融合不同尺度的特征减少信息的丢失;其次,采用SimAM注意力机制、内容感知特征重组算子(content-aware reassembly of features, CARAFE)构建融合网络PANet-SC,增强了缺陷特征的表达能力;最后,将融合后的特征输入检测头YOLO Head进行分类预测。实验结果表明,所用YOLO-ISC模型在检测耐张线夹X-DR图像的平均检测精度(mean average precision, mAP)值达到92.49%,检测速度为23帧/s。针对某类缺陷检测精度不足的问题,讨论模型置信度阈值对实际检测结果的影响,降低模型的误检率。将检测结果与SSD、Faster RCNN、DETR、YOLOv8等算法进行比较,验证所用方法的有效性。展开更多
通过物理气相传输(PVT)法在石墨系统中制备了绿色、无色和琥珀色氮化铝(Al N)单晶,在金属系统中制备了琥珀色Al N单晶。晶体中杂质含量测试结果表明石墨系统中琥珀色的Al N晶体比绿色和无色Al N晶体C、Si杂质含量低1~2个数量级,金属系...通过物理气相传输(PVT)法在石墨系统中制备了绿色、无色和琥珀色氮化铝(Al N)单晶,在金属系统中制备了琥珀色Al N单晶。晶体中杂质含量测试结果表明石墨系统中琥珀色的Al N晶体比绿色和无色Al N晶体C、Si杂质含量低1~2个数量级,金属系统中琥珀色Al N晶体杂质含量最低,C、Si、O元素含量均在1018cm-3级别。Al N晶体的吸收图谱和光致发光图谱的分析结果表明,Al N晶体存在着位于4.7 e V、3.5 e V、2.8 e V、1.85 e V的4个吸收峰,其中4.7 e V和3.5 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N吸收截止边的红移,该吸收峰分别源于碳占氮位(CN)的点缺陷和VAl与O杂质的复合缺陷,2.80 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N晶体的琥珀色,该吸收峰是C元素和O元素共同导致的,1.85 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N晶体的绿色,该吸收峰是Si元素和C元素导致的。展开更多
A Raman spectroscopic study on the hydrogen\|bond defect of water in 2\|hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate hydrogels crosslinked by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates were undertak...A Raman spectroscopic study on the hydrogen\|bond defect of water in 2\|hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate hydrogels crosslinked by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates were undertaken.It was found that PEGDMA 16 possessed a different behavior on the hydrogen\|bond defect from EGDMA and PEGDMA 9.That is,the extents of hydrogen\|bond defect for EGDMA and PEGDMA 9 decreased with the increase of crosslinking density,whereas for PEGDMA 16,as the crosslinking density is bigger than a certain value,the hydrogenbond defect is increased with the increase of crosslinking density.This is caused by the weaker effect of —CH 2OCH 2— in the PEGDMA 16 to the hydrogen\|bond defect of water than that of —OH in HEA and HEMA.展开更多
文摘通过物理气相传输(PVT)法在石墨系统中制备了绿色、无色和琥珀色氮化铝(Al N)单晶,在金属系统中制备了琥珀色Al N单晶。晶体中杂质含量测试结果表明石墨系统中琥珀色的Al N晶体比绿色和无色Al N晶体C、Si杂质含量低1~2个数量级,金属系统中琥珀色Al N晶体杂质含量最低,C、Si、O元素含量均在1018cm-3级别。Al N晶体的吸收图谱和光致发光图谱的分析结果表明,Al N晶体存在着位于4.7 e V、3.5 e V、2.8 e V、1.85 e V的4个吸收峰,其中4.7 e V和3.5 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N吸收截止边的红移,该吸收峰分别源于碳占氮位(CN)的点缺陷和VAl与O杂质的复合缺陷,2.80 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N晶体的琥珀色,该吸收峰是C元素和O元素共同导致的,1.85 e V的吸收峰导致了Al N晶体的绿色,该吸收峰是Si元素和C元素导致的。
文摘A Raman spectroscopic study on the hydrogen\|bond defect of water in 2\|hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate hydrogels crosslinked by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates were undertaken.It was found that PEGDMA 16 possessed a different behavior on the hydrogen\|bond defect from EGDMA and PEGDMA 9.That is,the extents of hydrogen\|bond defect for EGDMA and PEGDMA 9 decreased with the increase of crosslinking density,whereas for PEGDMA 16,as the crosslinking density is bigger than a certain value,the hydrogenbond defect is increased with the increase of crosslinking density.This is caused by the weaker effect of —CH 2OCH 2— in the PEGDMA 16 to the hydrogen\|bond defect of water than that of —OH in HEA and HEMA.
