The aim of this paper is to challenge the traditional or standard view of the current processes of decentralisation within institutions and administrations, in order to reconstruct the dynamic of such processes in ter...The aim of this paper is to challenge the traditional or standard view of the current processes of decentralisation within institutions and administrations, in order to reconstruct the dynamic of such processes in terms of new values and new rights. Therefore, this paper censures the ＂reductionist＂ vision of decentralisation that envisages it merely as an administrative and institutional event and, in contrast, develops a concept of decentralisation as a social, political, and legal process linked to new constitutional values and new fundamental rights, whereby, it might be included within the sphere of a general theory of rights and take on an important role within this area. This work vindicates the idea that contemporary decentralization must form a part of the historical processes of the generalisation and specification of rights where in the goal is the fulfilment of the following maxim： rights for all and not merely for a few. To achieve this goal, decentralisation can incorporate the instrument of ＂positive discrimination＂ as a ＂strategy for equality＂, which can employ to create ＂specific rights＂ aims primarily at the members of the most vulnerable groups.展开更多
This review explores the research activities surrounding the development and integration of smart electricity grids in Burkina Faso, a landlocked and arid territory in West Africa and one of the poorest countries in t...This review explores the research activities surrounding the development and integration of smart electricity grids in Burkina Faso, a landlocked and arid territory in West Africa and one of the poorest countries in the world with significant energy challenges. It examines the current state of energy infrastructure in Burkina Faso, focusing on the integration of renewable energy sources, particularly solar photovoltaics. It highlights the role of smart grid technologies in enabling the efficient integration of renewable energy, improving grid stability and facilitating rural electrification. Additionally, the review addresses key challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, regulatory gaps and financial constraints that hinder the deployment of smart grids in the country. By analysing existing research and ongoing projects, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the opportunities and barriers to implementing a smart electricity grid in Burkina Faso and offers recommendations for future development and policy frameworks.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper foc...The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper focuses on the gap between development or transition and decentralisation within academic and international policy discourse. In article, the author tries to answer such questions as how local government can contribute to SHD （sustainable human development）. And how should the international community contribute to and support the transition and development process of the developing countries？ Article shows that local self-government can be a school of democracy and responsibility for the wealth of the state and citizens. By sharing the Polish decentralisation experience, the author shows how important decentralisation might be for successful transition, democratization and sustainable development. The paper also includes a short introduction to the European Charter, recent African efforts like AMCOD or UCLGA and European Union development assistance policy. The purpose of this is to show how little attention is paid to local governments and decentralisation within international policy and how huge is the gap between Europe＇s （developed） states and Africa＇s （developing） states related to their decentralisation policy, law and practice.展开更多
Standard genetic algorithms （SGAs） are investigated to optimise discrete-time proportional-integral-derivative （PID） con- troller parameters, by three tuning approaches, for a multivariable glass furnace process w...Standard genetic algorithms （SGAs） are investigated to optimise discrete-time proportional-integral-derivative （PID） con- troller parameters, by three tuning approaches, for a multivariable glass furnace process with loop interaction. Initially, standard genetic algorithms （SGAs） are used to identify control oriented models of the plant which are subsequently used for controller optimisa- tion. An individual tuning approach without loop interaction is considered first to categorise the genetic operators, cost functions and improve searching boundaries to attain the desired performance criteria. The second tuning approach considers controller parameters optimisation with loop interaction and individual cost functions. While, the third tuning approach utilises a modified cost function which includes the total effect of both controlled variables, glass temperature and excess oxygen. This modified cost function is shown to exhibit improved control robustness and disturbance rejection under loop interaction.展开更多
文摘The aim of this paper is to challenge the traditional or standard view of the current processes of decentralisation within institutions and administrations, in order to reconstruct the dynamic of such processes in terms of new values and new rights. Therefore, this paper censures the ＂reductionist＂ vision of decentralisation that envisages it merely as an administrative and institutional event and, in contrast, develops a concept of decentralisation as a social, political, and legal process linked to new constitutional values and new fundamental rights, whereby, it might be included within the sphere of a general theory of rights and take on an important role within this area. This work vindicates the idea that contemporary decentralization must form a part of the historical processes of the generalisation and specification of rights where in the goal is the fulfilment of the following maxim： rights for all and not merely for a few. To achieve this goal, decentralisation can incorporate the instrument of ＂positive discrimination＂ as a ＂strategy for equality＂, which can employ to create ＂specific rights＂ aims primarily at the members of the most vulnerable groups.
文摘This review explores the research activities surrounding the development and integration of smart electricity grids in Burkina Faso, a landlocked and arid territory in West Africa and one of the poorest countries in the world with significant energy challenges. It examines the current state of energy infrastructure in Burkina Faso, focusing on the integration of renewable energy sources, particularly solar photovoltaics. It highlights the role of smart grid technologies in enabling the efficient integration of renewable energy, improving grid stability and facilitating rural electrification. Additionally, the review addresses key challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, regulatory gaps and financial constraints that hinder the deployment of smart grids in the country. By analysing existing research and ongoing projects, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the opportunities and barriers to implementing a smart electricity grid in Burkina Faso and offers recommendations for future development and policy frameworks.
文摘The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper focuses on the gap between development or transition and decentralisation within academic and international policy discourse. In article, the author tries to answer such questions as how local government can contribute to SHD （sustainable human development）. And how should the international community contribute to and support the transition and development process of the developing countries？ Article shows that local self-government can be a school of democracy and responsibility for the wealth of the state and citizens. By sharing the Polish decentralisation experience, the author shows how important decentralisation might be for successful transition, democratization and sustainable development. The paper also includes a short introduction to the European Charter, recent African efforts like AMCOD or UCLGA and European Union development assistance policy. The purpose of this is to show how little attention is paid to local governments and decentralisation within international policy and how huge is the gap between Europe＇s （developed） states and Africa＇s （developing） states related to their decentralisation policy, law and practice.
文摘Standard genetic algorithms （SGAs） are investigated to optimise discrete-time proportional-integral-derivative （PID） con- troller parameters, by three tuning approaches, for a multivariable glass furnace process with loop interaction. Initially, standard genetic algorithms （SGAs） are used to identify control oriented models of the plant which are subsequently used for controller optimisa- tion. An individual tuning approach without loop interaction is considered first to categorise the genetic operators, cost functions and improve searching boundaries to attain the desired performance criteria. The second tuning approach considers controller parameters optimisation with loop interaction and individual cost functions. While, the third tuning approach utilises a modified cost function which includes the total effect of both controlled variables, glass temperature and excess oxygen. This modified cost function is shown to exhibit improved control robustness and disturbance rejection under loop interaction.
