CHINA has pledged to help fight the battle against the deadly Ebola virus, which continues spreading on the African continent, by sending three teams of disease- control experts and medical supplies to Guinea, Liberia...CHINA has pledged to help fight the battle against the deadly Ebola virus, which continues spreading on the African continent, by sending three teams of disease- control experts and medical supplies to Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, the three most Ebola affected West African countries. There are nine medical personnel spread across the three teams - each having one epidemiologist and two specialists in disinfection and protection from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention （China CDC） and other institutions. Their duties involve disinfection and protection training with local medical workers, while also helping deliver relief goods and medical supplies donated by China.展开更多
While scientists have long known that African elephants show sadness for their dead,little has been reported about similar emotions in wild Asian elephants.However,a new study suggests that Asian elephants may inter t...While scientists have long known that African elephants show sadness for their dead,little has been reported about similar emotions in wild Asian elephants.However,a new study suggests that Asian elephants may inter their dead calves.展开更多
Bacterial infections of avian embryos can lead to an increase in embryo mortality,and the proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria aggravates the situation.A low hatching rate also poses a challenge to the po...Bacterial infections of avian embryos can lead to an increase in embryo mortality,and the proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria aggravates the situation.A low hatching rate also poses a challenge to the population of artificially bred Crested Ibises(Nipponia nippon).This study aims to determine the potential association between bacterial infection and the death of Crested Ibis embryos,and whether there is convergence between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in strain.In this study,13 Escherichia coli and 12 Proteus mirabilis isolates were recovered from dead Crested Ibis embryos.The pathogenicity examination confirmed the pathogenicity of all isolates,and multiple virulence genes detected by PCR-sequencing demonstrated the presence of irp2 and iuc D(100%),fim C and iss(92.31%)in E.coli,and uca A(58.33%)in P.mirabilis.Antimicrobial susceptibility test demonstrated that isolates were mainly resistant to amoxicillin(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:91.67%),cefazolin(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:91.67%),oxytetracycline(E.coli:92.31%,P.mirabilis:75.00%)and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim(E.coli:53.85%,P.mirabilis:33.33%),and more than 30%of isolates showed multidrug-resistance(MDR).Further analyses detected extended-spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)genes,of which blaTEM-1(E.coli:100%,P.mirabilis:100%)had the highest frequency,followed by the blaCTX-M-55(E.coli:92.31%,P.mirabilis:50%),blaCTX-M-14(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:33.33%),blaCTX-M-65(E.coli:15.38%,P.mirabilis:16.67%),and all isolates were negative for blaSHV and blaOXA.Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the presence ofβ-lactam resistance and ESBL genes,while mainly negative correlations were observed between the presence of ESBL genes and virulence genes.Furthermore,the conjugation experiment and PFGE revealed that the isolates were primarily polyclonal,and there was horizontal transfer of resistance or virulence genes by plasmids.Based on the results,E.coli and P.mirabilis were responsible for embryonic mortality of the ibises in this study.The co-presence and co-transfer of ESBL genes and virulence genes can pose a potential threat to the health of the Crested Ibis,and measures such as prudent use of antimicrobials,and constant surveillance of resistance and pathogenicity,must be implemented at the Crested Ibis breeding base.展开更多
The acquisition of neutron time spectrum data plays a pivotal role in the precise quantification of uranium via prompt fission neutron uranium logging(PFNUL).However,the impact of the detector dead-time effect remains...The acquisition of neutron time spectrum data plays a pivotal role in the precise quantification of uranium via prompt fission neutron uranium logging(PFNUL).However,the impact of the detector dead-time effect remains paramount in the accurate acquisition of the neutron time spectrum.Therefore,it is imperative for neutron logging instruments to establish a dead-time correction method that is not only uncomplicated but also practical and caters to various logging sites.This study has formulated an innovative equation for determining dead time and introduced a dead-time correction method for the neutron time spectrum,called the“dual flux method.”Using this approach,a logging instrument captures two neutron time spectra under disparate neutron fluxes.By carefully selecting specific“windows”on the neutron time spectrum,the dead time can be accurately ascertained.To substantiate its efficacy and discern the influencing factors,experiments were conducted utilizing a deuterium-tritium(D-T)neutron source,a Helium-3(3He)detector,and polyethylene shielding to collate and analyze the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes(at high voltages).The findings underscore that the“height”and“spacing”of the two windows are the most pivotal influencing factors.Notably,the“height”(fd)should surpass 2,and the“spacing”twd should exceed 200μs.The dead time of the 3 He detector determined in the experiment was 7.35μs.After the dead-time correction,the deviation of the decay coefficients from the theoretical values for the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes decreased from 12.4%to within 5%.Similarly,for the PFNUL instrument,the deviation in the decay coefficients decreased from 22.94 to 0.49%after correcting for the dead-time effect.These results demonstrate the exceptional efficacy of the proposed method in ensuring precise uranium quantification.The dual flux method was experimentally validated as a universal approach applicable to pulsed neutron logging instruments and holds immense significance for uranium exploration.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)has emerged as a silent epidemic having substantial clinical implications,with liver transplantation being one of the areas most impacted.The increasing p...Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)has emerged as a silent epidemic having substantial clinical implications,with liver transplantation being one of the areas most impacted.The increasing prevalence of metabolic fatty liver disease has reduced the quality of available donor organs.While noninvasive methods are increasingly applied to evaluate liver steatosis in deceased donors,liver biopsy remains the gold standard.Many aspects of liver biopsies are not yet fully standardized.Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis is associated with decreased allograft quality and poorer short-and long-term transplant outcomes,especially in moderate and severe steatotic cases.Donation after cardiac arrest further exacerbates these poor outcomes.Matching marginal allografts with suitable recipients based on recipient characteristics is crucial for improving transplant outcomes.Living donor liver transplant is a feasible option for addressing organ shortages.Noninvasive evaluation is preferred for assessing liver health;however,when the results are inconclusive,a liver biopsy is recommended.Lifestyle modifications can improve graft,living donor and recipient outcomes.Analysis of the impact of MASLD on the donor pool and the implementation of new optimization strategies are essential to ensure the sustainability of transplantation as a curative treatment for advanced liver cirrhosis.The aim of this review was to summarize the effect of MASLD on the liver donor population,highlighting how to evaluate steatosis in donors,and to discuss its clinical implications as well as strategies to optimize organ allocation in the MASLD era.展开更多
Introduction:Congenital tracheal stenosis(CTS)is a serious and rare condition.In most cases,CTS is associated with cardiopulmonary abnormalities;however,isolated CTS is present in 10%–30%of patients.The severity of t...Introduction:Congenital tracheal stenosis(CTS)is a serious and rare condition.In most cases,CTS is associated with cardiopulmonary abnormalities;however,isolated CTS is present in 10%–30%of patients.The severity of the disorder is dependent on the symptoms,which correlate with the CTS classification.Case presentation:We discuss our findings in an infant who presented with severe respiratory compromise where incidental intra-operative findings revealed CTS with no cardiopulmonary abnormalities.Because of a lack of resources in the emergency department,we created a tracheostoma and inserted an endotracheal tube.Conclusion:The main aim in treating CTS is to secure the airway and provide sufficient oxygen.展开更多
Casualties mount in Chongqing landslide as questions arise over what triggered it At least nine people have died and 63 are still missing from a massive June 5 landslide in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality. ...Casualties mount in Chongqing landslide as questions arise over what triggered it At least nine people have died and 63 are still missing from a massive June 5 landslide in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality. A local gov- ernment spokesman said the landslide展开更多
Train accident raises concerns about the safety of China’s high-speed trains Design flaws in railway signal equipment have been blamed for the July 23 train collision near Wenzhou in east China’s Zhejiang Province.
The early snows of 2009 have caused death and major destruction throughout China china was covered in an early and heavy blanket of snow this winter. Three days of snow have swept over north China, including Beijing, ...The early snows of 2009 have caused death and major destruction throughout China china was covered in an early and heavy blanket of snow this winter. Three days of snow have swept over north China, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Hebei and Jilin provinces, since November 1.展开更多
Investigations into a mine explosion in north China have revealed that attempts to cover up the accident led to more deaths Acoalmine explosion in Hongdong County,north China’s Shanxi Province,has killed 105 people, ...Investigations into a mine explosion in north China have revealed that attempts to cover up the accident led to more deaths Acoalmine explosion in Hongdong County,north China’s Shanxi Province,has killed 105 people, and injured another 18,four seri- ously.The explosion occurred on December 5 at Xinyao Coal Mine.At the moment of the explosion,128 miners were working in the shaft,more than double of the maximum 60 miners permitted in one shaft under the rules of the provincial work safety authorities. An investigation team was formed on December 9 with Minister of the State Administration of Work Safety Li Yizhong as its head.At the same time,the Central Government issued a five-point instruction to enforce safety regulations,and ordered all illegally operated coalmines to close.展开更多
The latest tragic coal mine explosion is expected to bring new approaches to reducing Chinese occupational deaths While Sunday, February 22, was spent being pleasantly idle for most Chinese, a coal mine blast made it ...The latest tragic coal mine explosion is expected to bring new approaches to reducing Chinese occupational deaths While Sunday, February 22, was spent being pleasantly idle for most Chinese, a coal mine blast made it a day of mourning in north China’s Shanxi Province. As of February 25, the explosion killed 77 miners, making it China’s deadliest accident so far this year.展开更多
[提示]2003年12月30日,伊朗内政部官员30日向媒体表示,根据伊朗有关方面目前的估计,2003年12月26日凌晨发生的伊朗巴姆大地震所造成的死亡人数可能会"达到约5万"。而几天之前发生在美国加州的同样级别的地震,其死亡人数仅2人...[提示]2003年12月30日,伊朗内政部官员30日向媒体表示,根据伊朗有关方面目前的估计,2003年12月26日凌晨发生的伊朗巴姆大地震所造成的死亡人数可能会"达到约5万"。而几天之前发生在美国加州的同样级别的地震,其死亡人数仅2人。这是为什么?本文作了详实分析。其中原因之一是:…somebuilders disregarded the codes to make bigger profits.这使我们想起了不久前湖南衡阳火灾发生的悲剧。本文的表达不乏可圈可点之处,如:quake-prone(易发生地震的)Italy／the building will give(塌陷)展开更多
Survival rates are boosted by an oscillating field that attacks dividing cancer cells.The Optune system requires brain cancer patients to wear four adhesive electrode patches on their heads and carry a 1.2-kg electric...Survival rates are boosted by an oscillating field that attacks dividing cancer cells.The Optune system requires brain cancer patients to wear four adhesive electrode patches on their heads and carry a 1.2-kg electric field generator in a shoulder bag.The system uses electrodes stuck to the scalp to create a low-intensity oscillating electric field in the brain,which interferes with cancer cells as展开更多
选注者言:文章的标题就警告我们,老人的睡眠事关重大。本文澄清了对老人的睡眠的传统误解,比如:older people need less sleep or shouldn’t be concerned ifthey have sleep problems.本文还劝告老人:… people who seem to sleep wel...选注者言:文章的标题就警告我们,老人的睡眠事关重大。本文澄清了对老人的睡眠的传统误解,比如:older people need less sleep or shouldn’t be concerned ifthey have sleep problems.本文还劝告老人:… people who seem to sleep wellshould work on improving their sleep habits.有些小建议对老人也可参考:Don’tdo work in bed,and no nappingduring the day.你若是年轻读者,请把这些内容介绍给你们年迈的父母吧!展开更多
An observer-based adaptive backstepping boundary control is proposed for vibration control of flexible offshore riser systems with unknown nonlinear input dead zone and uncertain environmental disturbances.The control...An observer-based adaptive backstepping boundary control is proposed for vibration control of flexible offshore riser systems with unknown nonlinear input dead zone and uncertain environmental disturbances.The control algorithm can update the control law online through real-time data to make the controller adapt to the environment and improve the control precision.Specifically,based on the adaptive backstepping framework,virtual control laws and Lyapunov functions are designed for each subsystem.Three direction interference observers are designed to track the timevarying boundary disturbance.On this basis,the inverse of the dead zone and linear state transformation are used to compensate for the original system and eliminate the adverse effects of the dead zone.In addition,the stability of the closed-loop system is proven by Lyapunov stability theory.All the system states are bounded,and the vibration offset of the riser converges to a small area of the initial position.Finally,four examples of flexible marine risers are simulated in MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.展开更多
文摘CHINA has pledged to help fight the battle against the deadly Ebola virus, which continues spreading on the African continent, by sending three teams of disease- control experts and medical supplies to Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, the three most Ebola affected West African countries. There are nine medical personnel spread across the three teams - each having one epidemiologist and two specialists in disinfection and protection from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention （China CDC） and other institutions. Their duties involve disinfection and protection training with local medical workers, while also helping deliver relief goods and medical supplies donated by China.
文摘While scientists have long known that African elephants show sadness for their dead,little has been reported about similar emotions in wild Asian elephants.However,a new study suggests that Asian elephants may inter their dead calves.
基金supported by Research on Breeding and Healthy Breeding Technology of Xueyu White Chicken(mating line)in Tibet Science and Technology Program(XZ202101ZY0002N)the National Key R&D Program Project(2022YFD1600902-4)Sichuan Province Regional Innovation Cooperation Project(2023YFQ0050)。
文摘Bacterial infections of avian embryos can lead to an increase in embryo mortality,and the proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria aggravates the situation.A low hatching rate also poses a challenge to the population of artificially bred Crested Ibises(Nipponia nippon).This study aims to determine the potential association between bacterial infection and the death of Crested Ibis embryos,and whether there is convergence between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in strain.In this study,13 Escherichia coli and 12 Proteus mirabilis isolates were recovered from dead Crested Ibis embryos.The pathogenicity examination confirmed the pathogenicity of all isolates,and multiple virulence genes detected by PCR-sequencing demonstrated the presence of irp2 and iuc D(100%),fim C and iss(92.31%)in E.coli,and uca A(58.33%)in P.mirabilis.Antimicrobial susceptibility test demonstrated that isolates were mainly resistant to amoxicillin(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:91.67%),cefazolin(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:91.67%),oxytetracycline(E.coli:92.31%,P.mirabilis:75.00%)and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim(E.coli:53.85%,P.mirabilis:33.33%),and more than 30%of isolates showed multidrug-resistance(MDR).Further analyses detected extended-spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)genes,of which blaTEM-1(E.coli:100%,P.mirabilis:100%)had the highest frequency,followed by the blaCTX-M-55(E.coli:92.31%,P.mirabilis:50%),blaCTX-M-14(E.coli:76.92%,P.mirabilis:33.33%),blaCTX-M-65(E.coli:15.38%,P.mirabilis:16.67%),and all isolates were negative for blaSHV and blaOXA.Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the presence ofβ-lactam resistance and ESBL genes,while mainly negative correlations were observed between the presence of ESBL genes and virulence genes.Furthermore,the conjugation experiment and PFGE revealed that the isolates were primarily polyclonal,and there was horizontal transfer of resistance or virulence genes by plasmids.Based on the results,E.coli and P.mirabilis were responsible for embryonic mortality of the ibises in this study.The co-presence and co-transfer of ESBL genes and virulence genes can pose a potential threat to the health of the Crested Ibis,and measures such as prudent use of antimicrobials,and constant surveillance of resistance and pathogenicity,must be implemented at the Crested Ibis breeding base.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42374226)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.20232BAB201043 and 20232BCJ23006)+2 种基金Nuclear Energy Development Project(20201192-01)National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resource Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing(ECUT)(2024QZ-TD-09)Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory(2022RGET20).
文摘The acquisition of neutron time spectrum data plays a pivotal role in the precise quantification of uranium via prompt fission neutron uranium logging(PFNUL).However,the impact of the detector dead-time effect remains paramount in the accurate acquisition of the neutron time spectrum.Therefore,it is imperative for neutron logging instruments to establish a dead-time correction method that is not only uncomplicated but also practical and caters to various logging sites.This study has formulated an innovative equation for determining dead time and introduced a dead-time correction method for the neutron time spectrum,called the“dual flux method.”Using this approach,a logging instrument captures two neutron time spectra under disparate neutron fluxes.By carefully selecting specific“windows”on the neutron time spectrum,the dead time can be accurately ascertained.To substantiate its efficacy and discern the influencing factors,experiments were conducted utilizing a deuterium-tritium(D-T)neutron source,a Helium-3(3He)detector,and polyethylene shielding to collate and analyze the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes(at high voltages).The findings underscore that the“height”and“spacing”of the two windows are the most pivotal influencing factors.Notably,the“height”(fd)should surpass 2,and the“spacing”twd should exceed 200μs.The dead time of the 3 He detector determined in the experiment was 7.35μs.After the dead-time correction,the deviation of the decay coefficients from the theoretical values for the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes decreased from 12.4%to within 5%.Similarly,for the PFNUL instrument,the deviation in the decay coefficients decreased from 22.94 to 0.49%after correcting for the dead-time effect.These results demonstrate the exceptional efficacy of the proposed method in ensuring precise uranium quantification.The dual flux method was experimentally validated as a universal approach applicable to pulsed neutron logging instruments and holds immense significance for uranium exploration.
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)has emerged as a silent epidemic having substantial clinical implications,with liver transplantation being one of the areas most impacted.The increasing prevalence of metabolic fatty liver disease has reduced the quality of available donor organs.While noninvasive methods are increasingly applied to evaluate liver steatosis in deceased donors,liver biopsy remains the gold standard.Many aspects of liver biopsies are not yet fully standardized.Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis is associated with decreased allograft quality and poorer short-and long-term transplant outcomes,especially in moderate and severe steatotic cases.Donation after cardiac arrest further exacerbates these poor outcomes.Matching marginal allografts with suitable recipients based on recipient characteristics is crucial for improving transplant outcomes.Living donor liver transplant is a feasible option for addressing organ shortages.Noninvasive evaluation is preferred for assessing liver health;however,when the results are inconclusive,a liver biopsy is recommended.Lifestyle modifications can improve graft,living donor and recipient outcomes.Analysis of the impact of MASLD on the donor pool and the implementation of new optimization strategies are essential to ensure the sustainability of transplantation as a curative treatment for advanced liver cirrhosis.The aim of this review was to summarize the effect of MASLD on the liver donor population,highlighting how to evaluate steatosis in donors,and to discuss its clinical implications as well as strategies to optimize organ allocation in the MASLD era.
文摘Introduction:Congenital tracheal stenosis(CTS)is a serious and rare condition.In most cases,CTS is associated with cardiopulmonary abnormalities;however,isolated CTS is present in 10%–30%of patients.The severity of the disorder is dependent on the symptoms,which correlate with the CTS classification.Case presentation:We discuss our findings in an infant who presented with severe respiratory compromise where incidental intra-operative findings revealed CTS with no cardiopulmonary abnormalities.Because of a lack of resources in the emergency department,we created a tracheostoma and inserted an endotracheal tube.Conclusion:The main aim in treating CTS is to secure the airway and provide sufficient oxygen.
文摘Casualties mount in Chongqing landslide as questions arise over what triggered it At least nine people have died and 63 are still missing from a massive June 5 landslide in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality. A local gov- ernment spokesman said the landslide
文摘Train accident raises concerns about the safety of China’s high-speed trains Design flaws in railway signal equipment have been blamed for the July 23 train collision near Wenzhou in east China’s Zhejiang Province.
文摘The early snows of 2009 have caused death and major destruction throughout China china was covered in an early and heavy blanket of snow this winter. Three days of snow have swept over north China, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Hebei and Jilin provinces, since November 1.
文摘Investigations into a mine explosion in north China have revealed that attempts to cover up the accident led to more deaths Acoalmine explosion in Hongdong County,north China’s Shanxi Province,has killed 105 people, and injured another 18,four seri- ously.The explosion occurred on December 5 at Xinyao Coal Mine.At the moment of the explosion,128 miners were working in the shaft,more than double of the maximum 60 miners permitted in one shaft under the rules of the provincial work safety authorities. An investigation team was formed on December 9 with Minister of the State Administration of Work Safety Li Yizhong as its head.At the same time,the Central Government issued a five-point instruction to enforce safety regulations,and ordered all illegally operated coalmines to close.
文摘The latest tragic coal mine explosion is expected to bring new approaches to reducing Chinese occupational deaths While Sunday, February 22, was spent being pleasantly idle for most Chinese, a coal mine blast made it a day of mourning in north China’s Shanxi Province. As of February 25, the explosion killed 77 miners, making it China’s deadliest accident so far this year.
文摘[提示]2003年12月30日,伊朗内政部官员30日向媒体表示,根据伊朗有关方面目前的估计,2003年12月26日凌晨发生的伊朗巴姆大地震所造成的死亡人数可能会"达到约5万"。而几天之前发生在美国加州的同样级别的地震,其死亡人数仅2人。这是为什么?本文作了详实分析。其中原因之一是:…somebuilders disregarded the codes to make bigger profits.这使我们想起了不久前湖南衡阳火灾发生的悲剧。本文的表达不乏可圈可点之处,如:quake-prone(易发生地震的)Italy／the building will give(塌陷)
文摘Survival rates are boosted by an oscillating field that attacks dividing cancer cells.The Optune system requires brain cancer patients to wear four adhesive electrode patches on their heads and carry a 1.2-kg electric field generator in a shoulder bag.The system uses electrodes stuck to the scalp to create a low-intensity oscillating electric field in the brain,which interferes with cancer cells as
文摘选注者言:文章的标题就警告我们,老人的睡眠事关重大。本文澄清了对老人的睡眠的传统误解,比如:older people need less sleep or shouldn’t be concerned ifthey have sleep problems.本文还劝告老人:… people who seem to sleep wellshould work on improving their sleep habits.有些小建议对老人也可参考:Don’tdo work in bed,and no nappingduring the day.你若是年轻读者,请把这些内容介绍给你们年迈的父母吧!
基金financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023NSFSC1980)。
文摘An observer-based adaptive backstepping boundary control is proposed for vibration control of flexible offshore riser systems with unknown nonlinear input dead zone and uncertain environmental disturbances.The control algorithm can update the control law online through real-time data to make the controller adapt to the environment and improve the control precision.Specifically,based on the adaptive backstepping framework,virtual control laws and Lyapunov functions are designed for each subsystem.Three direction interference observers are designed to track the timevarying boundary disturbance.On this basis,the inverse of the dead zone and linear state transformation are used to compensate for the original system and eliminate the adverse effects of the dead zone.In addition,the stability of the closed-loop system is proven by Lyapunov stability theory.All the system states are bounded,and the vibration offset of the riser converges to a small area of the initial position.Finally,four examples of flexible marine risers are simulated in MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
