A synthetic activated carbon was manufactured from date-palm stones using zinc chloride, cadmium chloride and sodium chloride at different temperatures and atmospheres. Specific surface area, RC and pH were measured a...A synthetic activated carbon was manufactured from date-palm stones using zinc chloride, cadmium chloride and sodium chloride at different temperatures and atmospheres. Specific surface area, RC and pH were measured and the activated carbon was used to absorb the orange II dye. Adsorption equilibrium was also studied, and it was found that the adsorption process on the synthetic activated carbon fit very well with the Langmuir isotherm model and less fit with Freundlich isotherm model. The specific surface area was highly affected by increasing temperature of combustion while the atmosphere of combustion had a little effects on surface area. The results showed that the atmosphere and temperature had no such effect on RC values. However, the RC of zinc chloride samples gave the highest values compared to that of cadmium chloride or sodium chlorides. The values of pH indicated an acid medium for cadmium chloride to alkali medium for sodium chloride, while the samples of zinc chloride showed a neutral medium.展开更多
In this study,we attempted to characterise the effects of date-palm fibre(DPF)and a date-palm fibre/sheep wool hybrid in polyester to enhance high-performance and low-cost composite materials that can be used in insul...In this study,we attempted to characterise the effects of date-palm fibre(DPF)and a date-palm fibre/sheep wool hybrid in polyester to enhance high-performance and low-cost composite materials that can be used in insulation building systems,automotive parts,and home furniture.The DPF was treated using 5%NaOH solution;and the sheep wool was cleaned with 50℃hot water and detergents.The composite specimens were prepared with different fibre contents(0%,10%,20%,30%(w))using a compression moulding technique.The effect of fibre reinforcement was analysed in terms of the mechanical properties(tensile,flexural,impact,and hardness)and composite density.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was performed on the fibres before and after treatment,and the fractured surfaces of all composite specimens were examined after tensile testing.The results showed that the 20%DPF/sheep wool hybrid reinforced polyester produced the best results.The ultimate tensile strength and modulus were 27 MPa and 3.69GPa,respectively.The ultimate flexural strength and flexural modulus were 35.4 and 2507 MPa,respectively.The impact strength was 39.5 kJ/m^(2)and the hardness was 64 HB.The density decreased to the lowest value of 1.02 g/cm^(3)with the 30%DPF/sheep wool hybrid.The SEM showed good adhesion and interfacial bonding between DPF/sheep wool hybrid fibres and the polyester matrix,particularly at 20%fibre content.展开更多
文摘A synthetic activated carbon was manufactured from date-palm stones using zinc chloride, cadmium chloride and sodium chloride at different temperatures and atmospheres. Specific surface area, RC and pH were measured and the activated carbon was used to absorb the orange II dye. Adsorption equilibrium was also studied, and it was found that the adsorption process on the synthetic activated carbon fit very well with the Langmuir isotherm model and less fit with Freundlich isotherm model. The specific surface area was highly affected by increasing temperature of combustion while the atmosphere of combustion had a little effects on surface area. The results showed that the atmosphere and temperature had no such effect on RC values. However, the RC of zinc chloride samples gave the highest values compared to that of cadmium chloride or sodium chlorides. The values of pH indicated an acid medium for cadmium chloride to alkali medium for sodium chloride, while the samples of zinc chloride showed a neutral medium.
文摘椰枣(Phoenix dactylifera)是干旱半干旱地区的关键经济作物,兼具固沙保水的生态功能、深加工驱动的经济价值及深厚宗教文化意义。本文综述其遗传育种研究进展:种质资源领域,沙特费萨尔国王大学(King Faisal University)、伊朗国家植物基因库(National Plant Gene Bank of Iran)、中国热带农业科学院等机构建立核心种质库,结合智能灌溉、冷冻贮藏等技术保存资源,SSR、SNP等分子标记技术揭示品种间遗传差异;育种方法上,传统选择与杂交育种奠定基础,高通量测序、体细胞胚胎发生、CRISPR/Cas9等现代生物技术加速精准育种进程;现存核心挑战包括雌雄异株导致早期性别难鉴别、完整生长周期超10 a、基因组高度杂合且分子研究滞后。未来育种需聚焦培育抗高温、干旱、盐碱等非生物胁迫的品种,防控红棕象甲、镰刀菌枯萎病、叶斑病等病虫害,优化果实产量与品质,同时需深化遗传机制研究、突破基因编辑技术瓶颈,并加强国际种质资源交流与合作,助力全球椰枣产业可持续发展。
文摘In this study,we attempted to characterise the effects of date-palm fibre(DPF)and a date-palm fibre/sheep wool hybrid in polyester to enhance high-performance and low-cost composite materials that can be used in insulation building systems,automotive parts,and home furniture.The DPF was treated using 5%NaOH solution;and the sheep wool was cleaned with 50℃hot water and detergents.The composite specimens were prepared with different fibre contents(0%,10%,20%,30%(w))using a compression moulding technique.The effect of fibre reinforcement was analysed in terms of the mechanical properties(tensile,flexural,impact,and hardness)and composite density.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was performed on the fibres before and after treatment,and the fractured surfaces of all composite specimens were examined after tensile testing.The results showed that the 20%DPF/sheep wool hybrid reinforced polyester produced the best results.The ultimate tensile strength and modulus were 27 MPa and 3.69GPa,respectively.The ultimate flexural strength and flexural modulus were 35.4 and 2507 MPa,respectively.The impact strength was 39.5 kJ/m^(2)and the hardness was 64 HB.The density decreased to the lowest value of 1.02 g/cm^(3)with the 30%DPF/sheep wool hybrid.The SEM showed good adhesion and interfacial bonding between DPF/sheep wool hybrid fibres and the polyester matrix,particularly at 20%fibre content.
