Background： So far, studies of avian space use are mostly realized in 2D, with the vertical dimension ignored. We propose here a new, relatively simple and computationally reasonable method for the estimation of volu...Background： So far, studies of avian space use are mostly realized in 2D, with the vertical dimension ignored. We propose here a new, relatively simple and computationally reasonable method for the estimation of volumetric （i.e. 3D） avian home ranges.Methods： Through accurate GPS data-loggers, we collected 25,405 GPS points on Lesser Kestrels＇ （Fdlco noumonni） space use during the nestling period in one main colony in Italy.We applied our 3D home range estimator to the whole GPS dataset, and also separately to diurnal and nocturnal GPS points.Results： The 3D colony home range resulted equal to 28.12 km3. By considering daytime and night-time separately, the volumetric home ranges resulted considerably different.Conclusions： Our 3D home range estimator, because of its intuitive and straightforward properties, can easily capi-talize on the datasets offered by modern biotelemetry （data-loggers, light detection and LIDAR sensors） and enhance conservation strategies for mitigating anthropogenic impacts on bird species. Its applications embrace, but are not limited to, more accurate estimates of collision risk with power lines, aircrafts and wind farms, and increased knowledge of birds＇space requirements in order to persist in their distribution areas.展开更多
The paper describes the system for measuring and logging of data on soil water content and soil temperature profile. The system was tested in a field and shows great potential for performing continuous measurements. I...The paper describes the system for measuring and logging of data on soil water content and soil temperature profile. The system was tested in a field and shows great potential for performing continuous measurements. It has several benefits including ease of manufacture, low cost, reliable performance and the ability to download the data without specialized software.展开更多
基金supported by Lipu UK and the Alta Murgia National Park
文摘Background： So far, studies of avian space use are mostly realized in 2D, with the vertical dimension ignored. We propose here a new, relatively simple and computationally reasonable method for the estimation of volumetric （i.e. 3D） avian home ranges.Methods： Through accurate GPS data-loggers, we collected 25,405 GPS points on Lesser Kestrels＇ （Fdlco noumonni） space use during the nestling period in one main colony in Italy.We applied our 3D home range estimator to the whole GPS dataset, and also separately to diurnal and nocturnal GPS points.Results： The 3D colony home range resulted equal to 28.12 km3. By considering daytime and night-time separately, the volumetric home ranges resulted considerably different.Conclusions： Our 3D home range estimator, because of its intuitive and straightforward properties, can easily capi-talize on the datasets offered by modern biotelemetry （data-loggers, light detection and LIDAR sensors） and enhance conservation strategies for mitigating anthropogenic impacts on bird species. Its applications embrace, but are not limited to, more accurate estimates of collision risk with power lines, aircrafts and wind farms, and increased knowledge of birds＇space requirements in order to persist in their distribution areas.
文摘The paper describes the system for measuring and logging of data on soil water content and soil temperature profile. The system was tested in a field and shows great potential for performing continuous measurements. It has several benefits including ease of manufacture, low cost, reliable performance and the ability to download the data without specialized software.
