Application-specific data processing units (DPUs) are commonly adopted for operational control and data processing in space missions. To overcome the limitations of traditional radiation-hardened or fully commercial d...Application-specific data processing units (DPUs) are commonly adopted for operational control and data processing in space missions. To overcome the limitations of traditional radiation-hardened or fully commercial design approaches, a reconfigurable-system-on-chip (RSoC) solution based on state-of-the-art FPGA is introduced. The flexibility and reliability of this approach are outlined, and the requirements for an enhanced RSoC design with in-flight reconfigurability for space applications are presented. This design has been demonstrated as an on-board computer prototype, providing an in-flight reconfigurable DPU design approach using integrated hardwired processors.展开更多
To solve the query processing correctness problem for semantic-based relational data integration,the semantics of SAPRQL（simple protocol and RDF query language） queries is defined.In the course of query rewriting,al...To solve the query processing correctness problem for semantic-based relational data integration,the semantics of SAPRQL（simple protocol and RDF query language） queries is defined.In the course of query rewriting,all relative tables are found and decomposed into minimal connectable units.Minimal connectable units are joined according to semantic queries to produce the semantically correct query plans.Algorithms for query rewriting and transforming are presented.Computational complexity of the algorithms is discussed.Under the worst case,the query decomposing algorithm can be finished in O（n2） time and the query rewriting algorithm requires O（nm） time.And the performance of the algorithms is verified by experiments,and experimental results show that when the length of query is less than 8,the query processing algorithms can provide satisfactory performance.展开更多
Graphics processing units(GPUs)employ the single instruction multiple data(SIMD)hardware to run threads in parallel and allow each thread to maintain an arbitrary control flow.Threads running concurrently within a war...Graphics processing units(GPUs)employ the single instruction multiple data(SIMD)hardware to run threads in parallel and allow each thread to maintain an arbitrary control flow.Threads running concurrently within a warp may jump to different paths after conditional branches.Such divergent control flow makes some lanes idle and hence reduces the SIMD utilization of GPUs.To alleviate the waste of SIMD lanes,threads from multiple warps can be collected together to improve the SIMD lane utilization by compacting threads into idle lanes.However,this mechanism induces extra barrier synchronizations since warps have to be stalled to wait for other warps for compactions,resulting in that no warps are scheduled in some cases.In this paper,we propose an approach to reduce the overhead of barrier synchronizat ions induced by compactions,In our approach,a compaction is bypassed by warps whose threads all jump to the same path after branches.Moreover,warps waiting for a compaction can also bypass this compaction when no warps are ready for issuing.In addition,a compaction is canceled if idle lanes can not be reduced via this compaction.The experimental results demonstrate that our approach provides an average improvement of 21%over the baseline GPU for applications with massive divergent branches,while recovering the performance loss induced by compactions by 13%on average for applications with many non-divergent control flows.展开更多
DPU(data process unit,数据处理单元)是嵌入式系统中的一个典型组件,被广泛应用于太空领域,它在层次化的嵌入式系统架构中起到承上启下的作用。保证这类安全攸关系统可靠性的主要方法包括冗余容错、测试和仿真。近年来,形式化方法作为...DPU(data process unit,数据处理单元)是嵌入式系统中的一个典型组件,被广泛应用于太空领域,它在层次化的嵌入式系统架构中起到承上启下的作用。保证这类安全攸关系统可靠性的主要方法包括冗余容错、测试和仿真。近年来,形式化方法作为确保可靠性的一种重要补充,得到了广泛的关注。BIP(behavior interaction priority)是一个通用的系统级形式化建模框架,支持层次化和模块化,包含一套支持建模、模拟和验证的工具集。给出了一种基于BIP框架对DPU进行系统级建模与验证的一般方法,总结了一套使用BIP框架对DPU建模应遵循的原则及技巧。以航天领域一个真实DPU系统为例,系统地对方法、原则和技巧进行了介绍。通过该方法,找出了使用传统方法难以发现的错误。实践表明,该方法具有很好的可复用性和可扩展性,是确保系统可靠性的有益补充。展开更多
The gravity gradient is a secondary derivative of gravity potential,containing more high-frequency information of Earth’s gravity field.Gravity gradient observation data require deducting its prior and intrinsic part...The gravity gradient is a secondary derivative of gravity potential,containing more high-frequency information of Earth’s gravity field.Gravity gradient observation data require deducting its prior and intrinsic parts to obtain more variational information.A model generated from a topographic surface database is more appropriate to represent gradiometric effects derived from near-surface mass,as other kinds of data can hardly reach the spatial resolution requirement.The rectangle prism method,namely an analytic integration of Newtonian potential integrals,is a reliable and commonly used approach to modeling gravity gradient,whereas its computing efficiency is extremely low.A modified rectangle prism method and a graphical processing unit(GPU)parallel algorithm were proposed to speed up the modeling process.The modified method avoided massive redundant computations by deforming formulas according to the symmetries of prisms’integral regions,and the proposed algorithm parallelized this method’s computing process.The parallel algorithm was compared with a conventional serial algorithm using 100 elevation data in two topographic areas(rough and moderate terrain).Modeling differences between the two algorithms were less than 0.1 E,which is attributed to precision differences between single-precision and double-precision float numbers.The parallel algorithm showed computational efficiency approximately 200 times higher than the serial algorithm in experiments,demonstrating its effective speeding up in the modeling process.Further analysis indicates that both the modified method and computational parallelism through GPU contributed to the proposed algorithm’s performances in experiments.展开更多
同步相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit, PMU)为电网运行监测提供了精准数据,然而通信中断、设备故障等原因导致数据质量问题愈发显著。某工程现场PMU上送主站数据出现功率振荡异常现象,分析发现直接原因是母线电压选取错误,工程现...同步相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit, PMU)为电网运行监测提供了精准数据,然而通信中断、设备故障等原因导致数据质量问题愈发显著。某工程现场PMU上送主站数据出现功率振荡异常现象,分析发现直接原因是母线电压选取错误,工程现场复杂的电网配置使得电压选取面临挑战。基于层次分析法对各电压选取方案的决策效果进行量化评估,综合考虑方案的优劣及适应性,最终推荐在特定场景下使用电压切换装置选取母线电压。该装置通过接入一次设备的刀闸,从而自动选择最佳电压源以保障母线电压随一次设备的运行方式同步切换,保障了PMU数据采集的准确性和一致性,进而提升了PMU数据质量。研究结果为涉及母线电压选取的实际应用场景提供了科学的决策支持,结合当地电网运行状况,为提升数据质量和优化电网监控提供有效方案。展开更多
基金Supported by Innovative Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KGCY-SYW-407-02)Grand International Cooperation Foundation of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (No. 052207046)
文摘Application-specific data processing units (DPUs) are commonly adopted for operational control and data processing in space missions. To overcome the limitations of traditional radiation-hardened or fully commercial design approaches, a reconfigurable-system-on-chip (RSoC) solution based on state-of-the-art FPGA is introduced. The flexibility and reliability of this approach are outlined, and the requirements for an enhanced RSoC design with in-flight reconfigurability for space applications are presented. This design has been demonstrated as an on-board computer prototype, providing an in-flight reconfigurable DPU design approach using integrated hardwired processors.
基金Weaponry Equipment Pre-Research Foundation of PLA Equipment Ministry (No. 9140A06050409JB8102)Pre-Research Foundation of PLA University of Science and Technology (No. 2009JSJ11)
文摘To solve the query processing correctness problem for semantic-based relational data integration,the semantics of SAPRQL（simple protocol and RDF query language） queries is defined.In the course of query rewriting,all relative tables are found and decomposed into minimal connectable units.Minimal connectable units are joined according to semantic queries to produce the semantically correct query plans.Algorithms for query rewriting and transforming are presented.Computational complexity of the algorithms is discussed.Under the worst case,the query decomposing algorithm can be finished in O（n2） time and the query rewriting algorithm requires O（nm） time.And the performance of the algorithms is verified by experiments,and experimental results show that when the length of query is less than 8,the query processing algorithms can provide satisfactory performance.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61702521)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.18JCQNJC00400)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of Civil Aviation University of China(No.2017QD12S)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Civil Aviation University of China(Nos.3122018C023 and 3122018C021)。
文摘Graphics processing units(GPUs)employ the single instruction multiple data(SIMD)hardware to run threads in parallel and allow each thread to maintain an arbitrary control flow.Threads running concurrently within a warp may jump to different paths after conditional branches.Such divergent control flow makes some lanes idle and hence reduces the SIMD utilization of GPUs.To alleviate the waste of SIMD lanes,threads from multiple warps can be collected together to improve the SIMD lane utilization by compacting threads into idle lanes.However,this mechanism induces extra barrier synchronizations since warps have to be stalled to wait for other warps for compactions,resulting in that no warps are scheduled in some cases.In this paper,we propose an approach to reduce the overhead of barrier synchronizat ions induced by compactions,In our approach,a compaction is bypassed by warps whose threads all jump to the same path after branches.Moreover,warps waiting for a compaction can also bypass this compaction when no warps are ready for issuing.In addition,a compaction is canceled if idle lanes can not be reduced via this compaction.The experimental results demonstrate that our approach provides an average improvement of 21%over the baseline GPU for applications with massive divergent branches,while recovering the performance loss induced by compactions by 13%on average for applications with many non-divergent control flows.
文摘DPU(data process unit,数据处理单元)是嵌入式系统中的一个典型组件,被广泛应用于太空领域,它在层次化的嵌入式系统架构中起到承上启下的作用。保证这类安全攸关系统可靠性的主要方法包括冗余容错、测试和仿真。近年来,形式化方法作为确保可靠性的一种重要补充,得到了广泛的关注。BIP(behavior interaction priority)是一个通用的系统级形式化建模框架,支持层次化和模块化,包含一套支持建模、模拟和验证的工具集。给出了一种基于BIP框架对DPU进行系统级建模与验证的一般方法,总结了一套使用BIP框架对DPU建模应遵循的原则及技巧。以航天领域一个真实DPU系统为例,系统地对方法、原则和技巧进行了介绍。通过该方法,找出了使用传统方法难以发现的错误。实践表明,该方法具有很好的可复用性和可扩展性,是确保系统可靠性的有益补充。
文摘The gravity gradient is a secondary derivative of gravity potential,containing more high-frequency information of Earth’s gravity field.Gravity gradient observation data require deducting its prior and intrinsic parts to obtain more variational information.A model generated from a topographic surface database is more appropriate to represent gradiometric effects derived from near-surface mass,as other kinds of data can hardly reach the spatial resolution requirement.The rectangle prism method,namely an analytic integration of Newtonian potential integrals,is a reliable and commonly used approach to modeling gravity gradient,whereas its computing efficiency is extremely low.A modified rectangle prism method and a graphical processing unit(GPU)parallel algorithm were proposed to speed up the modeling process.The modified method avoided massive redundant computations by deforming formulas according to the symmetries of prisms’integral regions,and the proposed algorithm parallelized this method’s computing process.The parallel algorithm was compared with a conventional serial algorithm using 100 elevation data in two topographic areas(rough and moderate terrain).Modeling differences between the two algorithms were less than 0.1 E,which is attributed to precision differences between single-precision and double-precision float numbers.The parallel algorithm showed computational efficiency approximately 200 times higher than the serial algorithm in experiments,demonstrating its effective speeding up in the modeling process.Further analysis indicates that both the modified method and computational parallelism through GPU contributed to the proposed algorithm’s performances in experiments.
文摘同步相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit, PMU)为电网运行监测提供了精准数据,然而通信中断、设备故障等原因导致数据质量问题愈发显著。某工程现场PMU上送主站数据出现功率振荡异常现象,分析发现直接原因是母线电压选取错误,工程现场复杂的电网配置使得电压选取面临挑战。基于层次分析法对各电压选取方案的决策效果进行量化评估,综合考虑方案的优劣及适应性,最终推荐在特定场景下使用电压切换装置选取母线电压。该装置通过接入一次设备的刀闸,从而自动选择最佳电压源以保障母线电压随一次设备的运行方式同步切换,保障了PMU数据采集的准确性和一致性,进而提升了PMU数据质量。研究结果为涉及母线电压选取的实际应用场景提供了科学的决策支持,结合当地电网运行状况,为提升数据质量和优化电网监控提供有效方案。
