人工智能、大数据、建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)、信息传感技术等的快速发展给桥梁智能建造和运维提供了基础。以大跨度铁路桥梁为主要研究对象,采用文献调研、现场试验、数据分析等手段,开展桥梁智能建造和运维...人工智能、大数据、建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)、信息传感技术等的快速发展给桥梁智能建造和运维提供了基础。以大跨度铁路桥梁为主要研究对象,采用文献调研、现场试验、数据分析等手段,开展桥梁智能建造和运维综述。大跨度铁路桥梁智能建造与运维以模型和数据驱动为核心技术特征,前者表征桥梁结构的力学行为与物理机制,后者用于实现桥梁数字化或基于数据的桥梁状态推断,两者贯穿于桥梁设计、施工、验收和运维的全生命周期。智能设计不仅体现在设计工具的发展变革,基于性能的设计方法可从更高层次实现智能化设计,并对标桥梁安全、适用、经济、耐久目标。智能施工是智能建造的另外关键一环,以自动化信息化施工装备、施工全过程监测与预警、基于智能信息化平台的建设管理为主要发展方向,以安全、质量、绿色可持续等为评价指标。应用无人机、微波干涉雷达、移动检测装备等自动化技术开展新建大跨度铁路桥梁的线-桥状态评定将成为未来桥梁验收的发展趋势。进一步基于建维一体化理念,建立融合施工期关键数据和验收期桥-轨初始状态数据的数字孪生模型,可为智能运维管养提供基础模型支撑。智能运维以自动化检测、健康监测等为主要技术手段,正在朝模型和数据驱动的状态修、预防修方向发展,从线-桥一体化角度,推动实现桥梁与轨道检测监测数据的融合分析、线-桥状态综合评价,构建管理维修决策模型,是未来铁路桥梁智能运维发展的目标。展开更多
The scope of this paper is to provide an E2 Eperspective of health monitoring and management(HMM)and structural health mornitoring(SHM)as an integrated system element of an integrated system health monitoring and mana...The scope of this paper is to provide an E2 Eperspective of health monitoring and management(HMM)and structural health mornitoring(SHM)as an integrated system element of an integrated system health monitoring and management(ISHM)system.The paper will address two main topics:(1)The importance of a diagnostics and prognostic requirements specification to develop an innovative health monitoring and management system;(2)The certification of a health monitoring and management system aiming at a maintenance credit as an integral part of the maintenance strategies.The development of a maintenance program which is based on combinations of different types of strategies(preventive,condition-based maintenance(CBM)and corrective maintenance…)for different subsystems or components and structures of complex systems like an aircraft to achieve the most optimized solution in terms of availability,cost and safety/certification is a real challenge.The maintenance strategy must satisfy the technical-risk and cost feasibility of the maintenance program.展开更多
The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, sel...The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, self-tuning control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Some of the considered methods were already verified on wind turbine systems, and important advantages may thus derive from the appropriate implementation of the same control schemes for hydroelectric plants. This represents the key point of the work, which provides some guidelines on the design and the application of these control strategies to these energy conversion systems. In fact, it seems that investigations related with both wind and hydraulic energies present a reduced number of common aspects, thus leading to little exchange and share of possible common points. This consideration is particularly valid with reference to the more established wind area when compared to hydroelectric systems. In this way, this work recalls the models of wind turbine and hydroelectric system, and investigates the application of different control solutions. Another important point of this investigation regards the analysis of the exploited benchmark models, their control objectives, and the development of the control solutions. The working conditions of these energy conversion systems will also be taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many installations.展开更多
文摘人工智能、大数据、建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)、信息传感技术等的快速发展给桥梁智能建造和运维提供了基础。以大跨度铁路桥梁为主要研究对象,采用文献调研、现场试验、数据分析等手段,开展桥梁智能建造和运维综述。大跨度铁路桥梁智能建造与运维以模型和数据驱动为核心技术特征,前者表征桥梁结构的力学行为与物理机制,后者用于实现桥梁数字化或基于数据的桥梁状态推断,两者贯穿于桥梁设计、施工、验收和运维的全生命周期。智能设计不仅体现在设计工具的发展变革,基于性能的设计方法可从更高层次实现智能化设计,并对标桥梁安全、适用、经济、耐久目标。智能施工是智能建造的另外关键一环,以自动化信息化施工装备、施工全过程监测与预警、基于智能信息化平台的建设管理为主要发展方向,以安全、质量、绿色可持续等为评价指标。应用无人机、微波干涉雷达、移动检测装备等自动化技术开展新建大跨度铁路桥梁的线-桥状态评定将成为未来桥梁验收的发展趋势。进一步基于建维一体化理念,建立融合施工期关键数据和验收期桥-轨初始状态数据的数字孪生模型,可为智能运维管养提供基础模型支撑。智能运维以自动化检测、健康监测等为主要技术手段,正在朝模型和数据驱动的状态修、预防修方向发展,从线-桥一体化角度,推动实现桥梁与轨道检测监测数据的融合分析、线-桥状态综合评价,构建管理维修决策模型,是未来铁路桥梁智能运维发展的目标。
文摘The scope of this paper is to provide an E2 Eperspective of health monitoring and management(HMM)and structural health mornitoring(SHM)as an integrated system element of an integrated system health monitoring and management(ISHM)system.The paper will address two main topics:(1)The importance of a diagnostics and prognostic requirements specification to develop an innovative health monitoring and management system;(2)The certification of a health monitoring and management system aiming at a maintenance credit as an integral part of the maintenance strategies.The development of a maintenance program which is based on combinations of different types of strategies(preventive,condition-based maintenance(CBM)and corrective maintenance…)for different subsystems or components and structures of complex systems like an aircraft to achieve the most optimized solution in terms of availability,cost and safety/certification is a real challenge.The maintenance strategy must satisfy the technical-risk and cost feasibility of the maintenance program.
文摘The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, self-tuning control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Some of the considered methods were already verified on wind turbine systems, and important advantages may thus derive from the appropriate implementation of the same control schemes for hydroelectric plants. This represents the key point of the work, which provides some guidelines on the design and the application of these control strategies to these energy conversion systems. In fact, it seems that investigations related with both wind and hydraulic energies present a reduced number of common aspects, thus leading to little exchange and share of possible common points. This consideration is particularly valid with reference to the more established wind area when compared to hydroelectric systems. In this way, this work recalls the models of wind turbine and hydroelectric system, and investigates the application of different control solutions. Another important point of this investigation regards the analysis of the exploited benchmark models, their control objectives, and the development of the control solutions. The working conditions of these energy conversion systems will also be taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many installations.
