The fact that most engineering applications are developed by engineers themselves rather than computer professionals calls for the data modeling methods to be powerful enough to represent complex engineering phenomena...The fact that most engineering applications are developed by engineers themselves rather than computer professionals calls for the data modeling methods to be powerful enough to represent complex engineering phenomena, but simple enough to use. A data modeling method which can help engineers to write C++ code with high quality is introduced.展开更多
Dear Editor,Aiming at the consensus tracking problem of a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear multiagent systems(MASs)with input constraints,a novel data-driven iterative learning consensus control(ILCC)protocol ...Dear Editor,Aiming at the consensus tracking problem of a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear multiagent systems(MASs)with input constraints,a novel data-driven iterative learning consensus control(ILCC)protocol based on zeroing neural networks(ZNNs)is proposed.First,a dynamic linearization data model(DLDM)is acquired via dynamic linearization technology(DLT).展开更多
The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific req...The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.展开更多
Data-driven techniques are reshaping blast furnace iron-making process(BFIP)modeling,but their“black-box”nature often obscures interpretability and accuracy.To overcome these limitations,our mechanism and data co-dr...Data-driven techniques are reshaping blast furnace iron-making process(BFIP)modeling,but their“black-box”nature often obscures interpretability and accuracy.To overcome these limitations,our mechanism and data co-driven strategy(MDCDS)enhances model transparency and molten iron quality(MIQ)prediction.By zoning the furnace and applying mechanism-based features for material and thermal trends,coupled with a novel stationary broad feature learning system(StaBFLS),interference caused by nonstationary process characteristics are mitigated and the intrinsic information embedded in BFIP is mined.Subsequently,by integrating stationary feature representation with mechanism features,our temporal matching broad learning system(TMBLS)aligns process and quality variables using MIQ as the target.This integration allows us to establish process monitoring statistics using both mechanism and data-driven features,as well as detect modeling deviations.Validated against real-world BFIP data,our MDCDS model demonstrates consistent process alignment,robust feature extraction,and improved MIQ modeling—Yielding better fault detection.Additionally,we offer detailed insights into the validation process,including parameter baselining and optimization.展开更多
The increasing complexity of China’s electricity market creates substantial challenges for settlement automation,data consistency,and operational scalability.Existing provincial settlement systems are fragmented,lack...The increasing complexity of China’s electricity market creates substantial challenges for settlement automation,data consistency,and operational scalability.Existing provincial settlement systems are fragmented,lack a unified data structure,and depend heavily on manual intervention to process high-frequency and retroactive transactions.To address these limitations,a graph-based unified settlement framework is proposed to enhance automation,flexibility,and adaptability in electricity market settlements.A flexible attribute-graph model is employed to represent heterogeneousmulti-market data,enabling standardized integration,rapid querying,and seamless adaptation to evolving business requirements.An extensible operator library is designed to support configurable settlement rules,and a suite of modular tools—including dataset generation,formula configuration,billing templates,and task scheduling—facilitates end-to-end automated settlement processing.A robust refund-clearing mechanism is further incorporated,utilizing sandbox execution,data-version snapshots,dynamic lineage tracing,and real-time changecapture technologies to enable rapid and accurate recalculations under dynamic policy and data revisions.Case studies based on real-world data from regional Chinese markets validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,demonstrating marked improvements in computational efficiency,system robustness,and automation.Moreover,enhanced settlement accuracy and high temporal granularity improve price-signal fidelity,promote cost-reflective tariffs,and incentivize energy-efficient and demand-responsive behavior among market participants.The method not only supports equitable and transparent market operations but also provides a generalizable,scalable foundation for modern electricity settlement platforms in increasingly complex and dynamic market environments.展开更多
DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expres...DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expression data generated. To address this, this paper employs a mixed-effects model to analyze gene expression data. In terms of data selection, 1176 genes from the white mouse gene expression dataset under two experimental conditions were chosen, setting up two conditions: pneumococcal infection and no infection, and constructing a mixed-effects model. After preprocessing the gene chip information, the data were imported into the model, preliminary results were calculated, and permutation tests were performed to biologically validate the preliminary results using GSEA. The final dataset consists of 20 groups of gene expression data from pneumococcal infection, which categorizes functionally related genes based on the similarity of their expression profiles, facilitating the study of genes with unknown functions.展开更多
To improve the performance of the traditional map matching algorithms in freeway traffic state monitoring systems using the low logging frequency GPS （global positioning system） probe data, a map matching algorithm ...To improve the performance of the traditional map matching algorithms in freeway traffic state monitoring systems using the low logging frequency GPS （global positioning system） probe data, a map matching algorithm based on the Oracle spatial data model is proposed. The algorithm uses the Oracle road network data model to analyze the spatial relationships between massive GPS positioning points and freeway networks, builds an N-shortest path algorithm to find reasonable candidate routes between GPS positioning points efficiently, and uses the fuzzy logic inference system to determine the final matched traveling route. According to the implementation with field data from Los Angeles, the computation speed of the algorithm is about 135 GPS positioning points per second and the accuracy is 98.9%. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm for mapping massive GPS positioning data onto freeway networks with complex geometric characteristics.展开更多
An object oriented data modelling in computer aided design (CAD) databases is focused. Starting with the discussion of data modelling requirements for CAD applications, appropriate data modelling features are introdu...An object oriented data modelling in computer aided design (CAD) databases is focused. Starting with the discussion of data modelling requirements for CAD applications, appropriate data modelling features are introduced herewith. A feasible approach to select the “best” data model for an application is to analyze the data which has to be stored in the database. A data model is appropriate for modelling a given task if the information of the application environment can be easily mapped to the data model. Thus, the involved data are analyzed and then object oriented data model appropriate for CAD applications are derived. Based on the reviewed object oriented techniques applied in CAD, object oriented data modelling in CAD is addressed in details. At last 3D geometrical data models and implementation of their data model using the object oriented method are presented.展开更多
A uniform metadata representation is introduced for heterogeneous databases, multi media information and other information sources. Some features about metadata are analyzed. The limitation of existing metadata model...A uniform metadata representation is introduced for heterogeneous databases, multi media information and other information sources. Some features about metadata are analyzed. The limitation of existing metadata model is compared with the new one. The metadata model is described in XML which is fit for metadata denotation and exchange. The well structured data, semi structured data and those exterior file data without structure are described in the metadata model. The model provides feasibility and extensibility for constructing uniform metadata model of data warehouse.展开更多
The conception of multilevel security (MLS) is commonly used in the study of data model for secure database. But there are some limitations in the basic MLS model, such as inference channels. The availability and data...The conception of multilevel security (MLS) is commonly used in the study of data model for secure database. But there are some limitations in the basic MLS model, such as inference channels. The availability and data integrity of the system are seriously constrained by it′s 'No Read Up, No Write Down' property in the basic MLS model. In order to eliminate the covert channels, the polyinstantiation and the cover story are used in the new data model. The read and write rules have been redefined for improving the agility and usability of the system based on the MLS model. All the methods in the improved data model make the system more secure, agile and usable.展开更多
This is the second of a three-part series of papers which presents the principle and architecture of the CRNM, a trajectory-oriented, carriageway-based road network data model. The first part of the series has introdu...This is the second of a three-part series of papers which presents the principle and architecture of the CRNM, a trajectory-oriented, carriageway-based road network data model. The first part of the series has introduced a general background of building trajectory-oriented road network data models, including motivation, related works, and basic concepts. Based on it, this paper describs the CRNM in detail. At first, the notion of basic roadway entity is proposed and discussed. Secondly, carriageway is selected as the basic roadway entity after compared with other kinds of roadway, and approaches to representing other roadways with carriageways are introduced. At last, an overall architecture of the CRNM is proposed.展开更多
This is the first of a three-part series of pape rs which introduces a general background of building trajectory-oriented road net work data models, including motivation, related works, and basic concepts. The p urpos...This is the first of a three-part series of pape rs which introduces a general background of building trajectory-oriented road net work data models, including motivation, related works, and basic concepts. The p urpose of the series is to develop a trajectory-oriented road network data mode l, namely carriageway-based road network data model (CRNM). Part 1 deals with t he modeling background. Part 2 proposes the principle and architecture of the CR NM. Part 3 investigates the implementation of the CRNM in a case study. In the p resent paper, the challenges of managing trajectory data are discussed. Then, de veloping trajectory-oriented road network data models is proposed as a solution and existing road network data models are reviewed. Basic representation approa ches of a road network are introduced as well as its constitution.展开更多
Hydrocarbon production from shale has attracted much attention in the recent years. When applied to this prolific and hydrocarbon rich resource plays, our understanding of the complexities of the flow mechanism（sorpt...Hydrocarbon production from shale has attracted much attention in the recent years. When applied to this prolific and hydrocarbon rich resource plays, our understanding of the complexities of the flow mechanism（sorption process and flow behavior in complex fracture systems- induced or natural） leaves much to be desired. In this paper, we present and discuss a novel approach to modeling, history matching of hydrocarbon production from a Marcellus shale asset in southwestern Pennsylvania using advanced data mining, pattern recognition and machine learning technologies. In this new approach instead of imposing our understanding of the flow mechanism, the impact of multi-stage hydraulic fractures, and the production process on the reservoir model, we allow the production history, well log, completion and hydraulic fracturing data to guide our model and determine its behavior. The uniqueness of this technology is that it incorporates the so-called ＂hard data＂ directly into the reservoir model, so that the model can be used to optimize the hydraulic fracture process. The ＂hard data＂ refers to field measurements during the hydraulic fracturing process such as fluid and proppant type and amount, injection pressure and rate as well as proppant concentration. This novel approach contrasts with the current industry focus on the use of ＂soft data＂（non-measured, interpretive data such as frac length, width,height and conductivity） in the reservoir models. The study focuses on a Marcellus shale asset that includes 135 wells with multiple pads, different landing targets, well length and reservoir properties. The full field history matching process was successfully completed using this data driven approach thus capturing the production behavior with acceptable accuracy for individual wells and for the entire asset.展开更多
This is the final of a three-part series of papers which mainly discusses the implementation issues of the CRNM. The first two papers in the series have introduced the modeling background and methodology, respectively...This is the final of a three-part series of papers which mainly discusses the implementation issues of the CRNM. The first two papers in the series have introduced the modeling background and methodology, respectively. An overall architecture of the CRNM has been proposed in the last paper. On the basis of the above discusses, a linear reference method (LRM) for providing spatial references for location points of a trajectory is developed. A case study is introduced to illustrate the application of the CRNM for modeling a road network in the real world is given. A comprehensive conclusion is given for the series of papers.展开更多
Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challeng...Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challenging task. A multidatabase common data model is firstly introduced based on XML, named XML-based Integration Data Model (XIDM), which is suitable for integrating different types of schemas. Then an approach of schema mappings based on XIDM in multidatabase systems has been presented. The mappings include global mappings, dealing with horizontal and vertical partitioning between global schemas and export schemas, and local mappings, processing the transformation between export schemas and local schemas. Finally, the illustration and implementation of schema mappings in a multidatabase prototype - Panorama system are also discussed. The implementation results demonstrate that the XIDM is an efficient model for managing multiple heterogeneous data sources and the approaches of schema mapping based on XIDM behave very well when integrating relational, object-oriented database systems and other file systems.展开更多
Target detection is always an important application in hyperspectral image processing field. In this paper, a spectral-spatial target detection algorithm for hyperspectral data is proposed.The spatial feature and spec...Target detection is always an important application in hyperspectral image processing field. In this paper, a spectral-spatial target detection algorithm for hyperspectral data is proposed.The spatial feature and spectral feature were unified based on the data filed theory and extracted by weighted manifold embedding. The novelties of the proposed method lie in two aspects. One is the way in which the spatial features and spectral features were fused as a new feature based on the data field theory, and the other is that local information was introduced to describe the decision boundary and explore the discriminative features for target detection. The extracted features based on data field modeling and manifold embedding techniques were considered for a target detection task.Three standard hyperspectral datasets were considered in the analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed target detection algorithm based on data field theory was proved by the higher detection rates with lower False Alarm Rates（FARs） with respect to those achieved by conventional hyperspectral target detectors.展开更多
Symbol portrayal is an important function of GIS. Sharing symbolic information in different GIS platforms is necessary for GIS applications and users. This paper discusses the necessity, possibility and solution techn...Symbol portrayal is an important function of GIS. Sharing symbolic information in different GIS platforms is necessary for GIS applications and users. This paper discusses the necessity, possibility and solution technique of sharing a symbol library in different GIS platforms. The route map is designed as follows： first, to set up a general data model for the symbol library, then to design a standard exchange format, and finally to call on the GIS manufacturer to provide the interchange tools for their symbol library for the standard exchange format. This paper analyzes the general characteristics of GIS symbolic library, gives a symbol library model and a draft of XML schema of the symbol library exchange format.展开更多
The parametric temporal data model captures a real world entity in a single tuple, which reduces query language complexity. Such a data model, however, is difficult to be implemented on top of conventional databases b...The parametric temporal data model captures a real world entity in a single tuple, which reduces query language complexity. Such a data model, however, is difficult to be implemented on top of conventional databases because of its unfixed attribute sizes. XML is a matured technology and can be an elegant solution for such challenge. Representing data in XML trigger a question about storage efficiency. The goal of this work is to provide a straightforward answer to such a question. To this end, we compare three different storage models for the parametric temporal data model and show that XML is not worse than any other approaches. Furthermore, XML outperforms the other storages under certain conditions. Therefore, our simulation results provide a positive indication that the myth about XML is not true in the parametric temporal data model.展开更多
When designing large-sized complex machinery products, the design focus is always on the overall per- formance; however, there exist no design theory and method based on performance driven. In view of the defi- ciency...When designing large-sized complex machinery products, the design focus is always on the overall per- formance; however, there exist no design theory and method based on performance driven. In view of the defi- ciency of the existing design theory, according to the performance features of complex mechanical products, the performance indices are introduced into the traditional design theory of ＂Requirement-Function-Structure＂ to construct a new five-domain design theory of ＂Client Requirement-Function-Performance-Structure-Design Parameter＂. To support design practice based on this new theory, a product data model is established by using per- formance indices and the mapping relationship between them and the other four domains. When the product data model is applied to high-speed train design and combining the existing research result and relevant standards, the corresponding data model and its structure involving five domains of high-speed trains are established, which can provide technical support for studying the relationships between typical performance indices and design parame- ters and the fast achievement of a high-speed train scheme design. The five domains provide a reference for the design specification and evaluation criteria of high speed train and a new idea for the train＇s parameter design.展开更多
Marine information has been increasing quickly. The traditional database technologies have disadvantages in manipulating large amounts of marine information which relates to the position in 3-D with the time. Recently...Marine information has been increasing quickly. The traditional database technologies have disadvantages in manipulating large amounts of marine information which relates to the position in 3-D with the time. Recently, greater emphasis has been placed on GIS （geographical information system）to deal with the marine information. The GIS has shown great success for terrestrial applications in the last decades, but its use in marine fields has been far more restricted. One of the main reasons is that most of the GIS systems or their data models are designed for land applications. They cannot do well with the nature of the marine environment and for the marine information. And this becomes a fundamental challenge to the traditional GIS and its data structure. This work designed a data model, the raster-based spatio-temporal hierarchical data model （RSHDM）, for the marine information system, or for the knowledge discovery fi＇om spatio-temporal data, which bases itself on the nature of the marine data and overcomes the shortages of the current spatio-temporal models when they are used in the field. As an experiment, the marine fishery data warehouse （FDW） for marine fishery management was set up, which was based on the RSHDM. The experiment proved that the RSHDM can do well with the data and can extract easily the aggregations that the management needs at different levels.展开更多
文摘The fact that most engineering applications are developed by engineers themselves rather than computer professionals calls for the data modeling methods to be powerful enough to represent complex engineering phenomena, but simple enough to use. A data modeling method which can help engineers to write C++ code with high quality is introduced.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(U21A20166)the Science and Technology Development Foundation of Jilin Province(20230508095RC)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects of Jilin Province and Changchun City(20220301033GX)the Development and Reform Commission Foundation of Jilin Province(2023C034-3)the Interdisciplinary Integration and Innovation Project of JLU(JLUXKJC2020202).
文摘Dear Editor,Aiming at the consensus tracking problem of a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear multiagent systems(MASs)with input constraints,a novel data-driven iterative learning consensus control(ILCC)protocol based on zeroing neural networks(ZNNs)is proposed.First,a dynamic linearization data model(DLDM)is acquired via dynamic linearization technology(DLT).
文摘The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61933015,61703371,62273030)the Central University Basic Research Fund of China(K20200002)(for NGICS Platform,Zhejiang University)the Social Development Project of Zhejiang Provincial Public Technology Research(LGF19F030004,LGG21F030015).
文摘Data-driven techniques are reshaping blast furnace iron-making process(BFIP)modeling,but their“black-box”nature often obscures interpretability and accuracy.To overcome these limitations,our mechanism and data co-driven strategy(MDCDS)enhances model transparency and molten iron quality(MIQ)prediction.By zoning the furnace and applying mechanism-based features for material and thermal trends,coupled with a novel stationary broad feature learning system(StaBFLS),interference caused by nonstationary process characteristics are mitigated and the intrinsic information embedded in BFIP is mined.Subsequently,by integrating stationary feature representation with mechanism features,our temporal matching broad learning system(TMBLS)aligns process and quality variables using MIQ as the target.This integration allows us to establish process monitoring statistics using both mechanism and data-driven features,as well as detect modeling deviations.Validated against real-world BFIP data,our MDCDS model demonstrates consistent process alignment,robust feature extraction,and improved MIQ modeling—Yielding better fault detection.Additionally,we offer detailed insights into the validation process,including parameter baselining and optimization.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(5108-202355437A-3-2-ZN).
文摘The increasing complexity of China’s electricity market creates substantial challenges for settlement automation,data consistency,and operational scalability.Existing provincial settlement systems are fragmented,lack a unified data structure,and depend heavily on manual intervention to process high-frequency and retroactive transactions.To address these limitations,a graph-based unified settlement framework is proposed to enhance automation,flexibility,and adaptability in electricity market settlements.A flexible attribute-graph model is employed to represent heterogeneousmulti-market data,enabling standardized integration,rapid querying,and seamless adaptation to evolving business requirements.An extensible operator library is designed to support configurable settlement rules,and a suite of modular tools—including dataset generation,formula configuration,billing templates,and task scheduling—facilitates end-to-end automated settlement processing.A robust refund-clearing mechanism is further incorporated,utilizing sandbox execution,data-version snapshots,dynamic lineage tracing,and real-time changecapture technologies to enable rapid and accurate recalculations under dynamic policy and data revisions.Case studies based on real-world data from regional Chinese markets validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,demonstrating marked improvements in computational efficiency,system robustness,and automation.Moreover,enhanced settlement accuracy and high temporal granularity improve price-signal fidelity,promote cost-reflective tariffs,and incentivize energy-efficient and demand-responsive behavior among market participants.The method not only supports equitable and transparent market operations but also provides a generalizable,scalable foundation for modern electricity settlement platforms in increasingly complex and dynamic market environments.
文摘DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expression data generated. To address this, this paper employs a mixed-effects model to analyze gene expression data. In terms of data selection, 1176 genes from the white mouse gene expression dataset under two experimental conditions were chosen, setting up two conditions: pneumococcal infection and no infection, and constructing a mixed-effects model. After preprocessing the gene chip information, the data were imported into the model, preliminary results were calculated, and permutation tests were performed to biologically validate the preliminary results using GSEA. The final dataset consists of 20 groups of gene expression data from pneumococcal infection, which categorizes functionally related genes based on the similarity of their expression profiles, facilitating the study of genes with unknown functions.
文摘To improve the performance of the traditional map matching algorithms in freeway traffic state monitoring systems using the low logging frequency GPS （global positioning system） probe data, a map matching algorithm based on the Oracle spatial data model is proposed. The algorithm uses the Oracle road network data model to analyze the spatial relationships between massive GPS positioning points and freeway networks, builds an N-shortest path algorithm to find reasonable candidate routes between GPS positioning points efficiently, and uses the fuzzy logic inference system to determine the final matched traveling route. According to the implementation with field data from Los Angeles, the computation speed of the algorithm is about 135 GPS positioning points per second and the accuracy is 98.9%. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm for mapping massive GPS positioning data onto freeway networks with complex geometric characteristics.
文摘An object oriented data modelling in computer aided design (CAD) databases is focused. Starting with the discussion of data modelling requirements for CAD applications, appropriate data modelling features are introduced herewith. A feasible approach to select the “best” data model for an application is to analyze the data which has to be stored in the database. A data model is appropriate for modelling a given task if the information of the application environment can be easily mapped to the data model. Thus, the involved data are analyzed and then object oriented data model appropriate for CAD applications are derived. Based on the reviewed object oriented techniques applied in CAD, object oriented data modelling in CAD is addressed in details. At last 3D geometrical data models and implementation of their data model using the object oriented method are presented.
文摘A uniform metadata representation is introduced for heterogeneous databases, multi media information and other information sources. Some features about metadata are analyzed. The limitation of existing metadata model is compared with the new one. The metadata model is described in XML which is fit for metadata denotation and exchange. The well structured data, semi structured data and those exterior file data without structure are described in the metadata model. The model provides feasibility and extensibility for constructing uniform metadata model of data warehouse.
文摘The conception of multilevel security (MLS) is commonly used in the study of data model for secure database. But there are some limitations in the basic MLS model, such as inference channels. The availability and data integrity of the system are seriously constrained by it′s 'No Read Up, No Write Down' property in the basic MLS model. In order to eliminate the covert channels, the polyinstantiation and the cover story are used in the new data model. The read and write rules have been redefined for improving the agility and usability of the system based on the MLS model. All the methods in the improved data model make the system more secure, agile and usable.
文摘This is the second of a three-part series of papers which presents the principle and architecture of the CRNM, a trajectory-oriented, carriageway-based road network data model. The first part of the series has introduced a general background of building trajectory-oriented road network data models, including motivation, related works, and basic concepts. Based on it, this paper describs the CRNM in detail. At first, the notion of basic roadway entity is proposed and discussed. Secondly, carriageway is selected as the basic roadway entity after compared with other kinds of roadway, and approaches to representing other roadways with carriageways are introduced. At last, an overall architecture of the CRNM is proposed.
文摘This is the first of a three-part series of pape rs which introduces a general background of building trajectory-oriented road net work data models, including motivation, related works, and basic concepts. The p urpose of the series is to develop a trajectory-oriented road network data mode l, namely carriageway-based road network data model (CRNM). Part 1 deals with t he modeling background. Part 2 proposes the principle and architecture of the CR NM. Part 3 investigates the implementation of the CRNM in a case study. In the p resent paper, the challenges of managing trajectory data are discussed. Then, de veloping trajectory-oriented road network data models is proposed as a solution and existing road network data models are reviewed. Basic representation approa ches of a road network are introduced as well as its constitution.
基金RPSEA and U.S.Department of Energy for partially funding this study
文摘Hydrocarbon production from shale has attracted much attention in the recent years. When applied to this prolific and hydrocarbon rich resource plays, our understanding of the complexities of the flow mechanism（sorption process and flow behavior in complex fracture systems- induced or natural） leaves much to be desired. In this paper, we present and discuss a novel approach to modeling, history matching of hydrocarbon production from a Marcellus shale asset in southwestern Pennsylvania using advanced data mining, pattern recognition and machine learning technologies. In this new approach instead of imposing our understanding of the flow mechanism, the impact of multi-stage hydraulic fractures, and the production process on the reservoir model, we allow the production history, well log, completion and hydraulic fracturing data to guide our model and determine its behavior. The uniqueness of this technology is that it incorporates the so-called ＂hard data＂ directly into the reservoir model, so that the model can be used to optimize the hydraulic fracture process. The ＂hard data＂ refers to field measurements during the hydraulic fracturing process such as fluid and proppant type and amount, injection pressure and rate as well as proppant concentration. This novel approach contrasts with the current industry focus on the use of ＂soft data＂（non-measured, interpretive data such as frac length, width,height and conductivity） in the reservoir models. The study focuses on a Marcellus shale asset that includes 135 wells with multiple pads, different landing targets, well length and reservoir properties. The full field history matching process was successfully completed using this data driven approach thus capturing the production behavior with acceptable accuracy for individual wells and for the entire asset.
文摘This is the final of a three-part series of papers which mainly discusses the implementation issues of the CRNM. The first two papers in the series have introduced the modeling background and methodology, respectively. An overall architecture of the CRNM has been proposed in the last paper. On the basis of the above discusses, a linear reference method (LRM) for providing spatial references for location points of a trajectory is developed. A case study is introduced to illustrate the application of the CRNM for modeling a road network in the real world is given. A comprehensive conclusion is given for the series of papers.
文摘Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challenging task. A multidatabase common data model is firstly introduced based on XML, named XML-based Integration Data Model (XIDM), which is suitable for integrating different types of schemas. Then an approach of schema mappings based on XIDM in multidatabase systems has been presented. The mappings include global mappings, dealing with horizontal and vertical partitioning between global schemas and export schemas, and local mappings, processing the transformation between export schemas and local schemas. Finally, the illustration and implementation of schema mappings in a multidatabase prototype - Panorama system are also discussed. The implementation results demonstrate that the XIDM is an efficient model for managing multiple heterogeneous data sources and the approaches of schema mapping based on XIDM behave very well when integrating relational, object-oriented database systems and other file systems.
文摘Target detection is always an important application in hyperspectral image processing field. In this paper, a spectral-spatial target detection algorithm for hyperspectral data is proposed.The spatial feature and spectral feature were unified based on the data filed theory and extracted by weighted manifold embedding. The novelties of the proposed method lie in two aspects. One is the way in which the spatial features and spectral features were fused as a new feature based on the data field theory, and the other is that local information was introduced to describe the decision boundary and explore the discriminative features for target detection. The extracted features based on data field modeling and manifold embedding techniques were considered for a target detection task.Three standard hyperspectral datasets were considered in the analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed target detection algorithm based on data field theory was proved by the higher detection rates with lower False Alarm Rates（FARs） with respect to those achieved by conventional hyperspectral target detectors.
基金Supported by the Spatial Information Engineering Key Laboratory Found of Chinese National Surveying and Mapping Bureau.(No.200722)
文摘Symbol portrayal is an important function of GIS. Sharing symbolic information in different GIS platforms is necessary for GIS applications and users. This paper discusses the necessity, possibility and solution technique of sharing a symbol library in different GIS platforms. The route map is designed as follows： first, to set up a general data model for the symbol library, then to design a standard exchange format, and finally to call on the GIS manufacturer to provide the interchange tools for their symbol library for the standard exchange format. This paper analyzes the general characteristics of GIS symbolic library, gives a symbol library model and a draft of XML schema of the symbol library exchange format.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation in Korea through contract N-12-NM-IR05
文摘The parametric temporal data model captures a real world entity in a single tuple, which reduces query language complexity. Such a data model, however, is difficult to be implemented on top of conventional databases because of its unfixed attribute sizes. XML is a matured technology and can be an elegant solution for such challenge. Representing data in XML trigger a question about storage efficiency. The goal of this work is to provide a straightforward answer to such a question. To this end, we compare three different storage models for the parametric temporal data model and show that XML is not worse than any other approaches. Furthermore, XML outperforms the other storages under certain conditions. Therefore, our simulation results provide a positive indication that the myth about XML is not true in the parametric temporal data model.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51275432,51505390)Sichuan Application Foundation Projects(Grant No.2016JY0098)Independent Research Project of TPL(Grant No.TPL1501)
文摘When designing large-sized complex machinery products, the design focus is always on the overall per- formance; however, there exist no design theory and method based on performance driven. In view of the defi- ciency of the existing design theory, according to the performance features of complex mechanical products, the performance indices are introduced into the traditional design theory of ＂Requirement-Function-Structure＂ to construct a new five-domain design theory of ＂Client Requirement-Function-Performance-Structure-Design Parameter＂. To support design practice based on this new theory, a product data model is established by using per- formance indices and the mapping relationship between them and the other four domains. When the product data model is applied to high-speed train design and combining the existing research result and relevant standards, the corresponding data model and its structure involving five domains of high-speed trains are established, which can provide technical support for studying the relationships between typical performance indices and design parame- ters and the fast achievement of a high-speed train scheme design. The five domains provide a reference for the design specification and evaluation criteria of high speed train and a new idea for the train＇s parameter design.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2006CB701305the National Natural Science Foundation of China under coutract No.40571129the National High-Technology Program of China under contract Nos 2002AA639400,2003AA604040 and 2003AA637030.
文摘Marine information has been increasing quickly. The traditional database technologies have disadvantages in manipulating large amounts of marine information which relates to the position in 3-D with the time. Recently, greater emphasis has been placed on GIS （geographical information system）to deal with the marine information. The GIS has shown great success for terrestrial applications in the last decades, but its use in marine fields has been far more restricted. One of the main reasons is that most of the GIS systems or their data models are designed for land applications. They cannot do well with the nature of the marine environment and for the marine information. And this becomes a fundamental challenge to the traditional GIS and its data structure. This work designed a data model, the raster-based spatio-temporal hierarchical data model （RSHDM）, for the marine information system, or for the knowledge discovery fi＇om spatio-temporal data, which bases itself on the nature of the marine data and overcomes the shortages of the current spatio-temporal models when they are used in the field. As an experiment, the marine fishery data warehouse （FDW） for marine fishery management was set up, which was based on the RSHDM. The experiment proved that the RSHDM can do well with the data and can extract easily the aggregations that the management needs at different levels.
