Objective To investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic efficacy of Cynodon dactylon in diabetic rats. Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups： Group I： control; Group...Objective To investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic efficacy of Cynodon dactylon in diabetic rats. Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups： Group I： control; Group II： Alloxan diabetic, untreated; and Group III： Alloxan diabetic treated with ethanolic extract of C. dactylon leaves （450 mg/kg bw）. Experimental diabetes was induced by alloxan in a single dose of 150 mg/kg bw. Results A Significant diminution of fasting blood sugar level was observed and also significant increase in HDL and decrease （P0.05） in cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL were observed after 15 days of treatment. The investigation also revealed, the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, AP, LDH, and CPK （P0.05） were decreased in the extract‐supplemented group. The significant decrease in protein content and SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH （P0.05） activity and increase in LPO in plasma were found to be ameliorated after treatment. Conclusion Our result supports the fact that administration of extract of C. dactylon leave is able to reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia risk and also reduced the oxidative stress in diabetic rats.展开更多
Objective:To obtain Iuteolin and apigenin rich fraction from the ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon(L.)(C.dactylon) Pers and evaluate the fraction's cytotoxicity and anti-Chikungunya potential using Vero cells....Objective:To obtain Iuteolin and apigenin rich fraction from the ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon(L.)(C.dactylon) Pers and evaluate the fraction's cytotoxicity and anti-Chikungunya potential using Vero cells.Methods:The ethanolic extract of C.dactylon was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain anti-chikungunya virus(CHIKV) fraction.Reverse phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies were carried out to identily the major phytochemicals in the fraction using phylochemical standards.Cytotoxicity and the potential of the fraction against CHIKV were evaluated in vitro using Vero cells.Reduction in viral replication was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) after treating the viral infected Vero cells with the fraction.Results:Reverse Phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies confirmed the presence of flavonoids,luteolin and apigenin as major phytochemicals in the anti-CHIKV ethanolic fraction of C.dactylon- The fraction was found to exhibit potent viral inhibitory activity(about 98%) at the concentration of 50 μg/mL as observed by reduction in cytopathic effect,and the cytotoxic concentration of the fraction was found to be 250 μg/mL.RT-PCR analyses indicated that the reduction in viral mRNA synthesis in fraction treated infected cells was much higher than the viral infected control cells.Conclusions:Luteolin and apigenin rich ethanolic fraction from C.dactylon can be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent against CHIKV infection as the fraction does not show cytotoxicity while inhibiting the virus.展开更多
Objective: To explore the antidiabetic and the antidiarrhoeal effects of ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon Pers. aerial parts(EECA) in Wistar rats.Methods: To assess the antidiabetic activity of EECA, oral glucos...Objective: To explore the antidiabetic and the antidiarrhoeal effects of ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon Pers. aerial parts(EECA) in Wistar rats.Methods: To assess the antidiabetic activity of EECA, oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) model and alloxan induced diabetic test(AIDT) model were performed. The EECA was used at the doses of 2 g/kg, 1 g/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight in OGTT model and 1.5 g/kg was used for AIDT model. Castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model and gastrointestinal motility test with barium sulphate milk model were performed for evaluating the antidiarrhoeal effects at doses of 1 g/kg, 750 mg/kg respectively.Results: The dose 2 g/kg in OGTT and 1.5 g/kg in AIDT model blood glucose levels decreased significantly(P < 0.01) in Wistar rats that showed antidiabetic effect of EECA. After administration of EECA at the dose of 1 g/kg, the extract showed significant(P < 0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity in castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model. The results were also significant(P < 0.01) in barium sulphate milk model for the same dose by using above mentioned animals.Conclusions: It is concluded that EECA contains both antidiabetic and the antidiarrhoeal properties.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon on the whole body radiation-induced oxidative status of the cerebellum and cognitive impairments in mice. Methods: Swiss albino mice were ...Objective: To explore the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon on the whole body radiation-induced oxidative status of the cerebellum and cognitive impairments in mice. Methods: Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into the control group, radiation control group, low dose and high dose Cynodon dactylon extract treated groups and pre-treated with Cynodon dactylon extract before irradiation. Cynodon dactylon extract was administered for 7 d daily in low dose(0.25 g/kg) and high dose(1 g/kg). On day 7, mice were irradiated with a sublethal dose of 5 Gy gamma rays. Motor coordination was assessed by elevated rotarod test and spatial memory was studied by water maze test. Subsequently, biochemical markers(glutathione, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels) in the cerebellum were evaluated. Results: The gamma irradiated group showed significant impairment in motor coordination and spatial memory compared to normal mice. Mice treated by Cynodon dactylon extract prior to gamma radiation showed good improvement in both paradigms compared to the radiation control group. Moreover, glutathione level was increased, while lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels were significantly reduced in mice receiving low dose and high dose of Cynodon dactylon extract compared to the radiation control group. Conclusions: The present study suggests the neuroprotective role of Cynodon dactylon against radiation-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress on the cerebellum of mice.展开更多
To identify suitable grass species for growth in the Jianghan Plain,the micromorphologies of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of 14 bermudagrass varieties of Cynodon dactylon were investigated,and the numbe...To identify suitable grass species for growth in the Jianghan Plain,the micromorphologies of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of 14 bermudagrass varieties of Cynodon dactylon were investigated,and the number,length,and width of long and short cells and stomata were measured.The results showed that the anticlinal wall of epidermal cells looked like waves and the stoma was distributed in the upper and lower epidermis.However,the various indicators of the leaf epidermis of different species of Cd were significantly different.The length and width of long cells and the length of short cells of Cd Mohawk,Cd Suncity,and wild type Cd were relatively large,which may improve their ability to adapt to the pastoral soil and make them suitable for the rainy environment of the Jianghan Plain.On the contrary,the results of all indicators of Cd Xinnong 1,Cd hulled,and Cd unhulled ranked at the bottom,which was not suitable for pastoral soil habitats,while the wild type Cd could adapt to both the pastoral soil and the vegetation concrete habitat.Moreover,the long cells and short cells of Cd Kashi were tightly arranged,and the stoma in Cd Pyramid and Cd hulled were more dense,which may improve their ability to adapt to an arid environment.展开更多
Bermudagrass[Cynodon dactylon var.dactylon(L.)Pers.]is a major warm-season turf and forage grass worldwide.Seed yield is an important trait targeted for improvement in bermudagrass breeding programs because of the inc...Bermudagrass[Cynodon dactylon var.dactylon(L.)Pers.]is a major warm-season turf and forage grass worldwide.Seed yield is an important trait targeted for improvement in bermudagrass breeding programs because of the increased interest in seed-propagated cultivars.Understanding the nature of genetic variation for seed yield and its components in bermudagrass would aid the development of seed-propagated cultivars.The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variation and narrow-sense heritability for seed yield and its two major components,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage in bermudagrass.Twenty-five half-sib families and their respective clonal parents were evaluated at two Oklahoma locations,Perkins and Stillwater(Oklahoma,USA),over two years.Half-sib families were different for seed yield,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage,indicating the expression of additive genes in controlling these traits.Family×location effects were observed for seed set percentage and seed yield.All three traits showed family×year interaction effects.There was a significant family×location×year interaction in inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage.Narrow-sense heritability estimates for seed yield was 0.18 based on variance component analysis among half-sib families and ranged from 0.26 to 0.68 based on parent-offspring regressions,indicating genetic complexity of seed yield.Heritability estimates were moderate(0.30−0.55)for inflorescences prolificacy and moderate to relatively high(0.41−0.78)for seed set percentage.The results indicate that sufficient magnitudes of additive genetic variation for seed set percentage and inflorescence prolificacy permit positive response to selection and conventional progeny-based genotypic evaluation is necessary for seed yield improvement.Citation:Tan C,Wu Y,Taliaferro CM,Bell GE,Martin DL,et al.2022.Heritability estimates for seed yield and its components in Cynodon dactylon var.展开更多
Bermudagrass （Cynodon dactylon L. cv. Goldensun） is highly resistant to and accumulates large amounts of cadmium （Cd）. A phytochelatin synthase （PCS） cDNA （CdPCS1） was isolated from this grass by rapid amplifi...Bermudagrass （Cynodon dactylon L. cv. Goldensun） is highly resistant to and accumulates large amounts of cadmium （Cd）. A phytochelatin synthase （PCS） cDNA （CdPCS1） was isolated from this grass by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The putative CdPCS1 protein shared a high homology with PCS from other plants, with 79% homology at the N-terminal and 47% homology at the C-terminah However, 16 Cys residues were found at the C-terminal of CdPCS1, and among these residues, three positions were different from other PCS proteins. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that Cd stress induced CdPCS1 expression in both roots and leaves in Bermudagrass. We verified that CdPCS1 plays an important role in Cd tolerance in yeast cells by expressing the gene in ABDE1, a Cdsensitive mutant. CdPCS1 was then introduced into tobacco plants. The phytochelatin level in some transgenic tobacco lines increased 3.88-fold more than in wild type plants and Cd accumulation in these transgenic plants was enhanced 3.21-fold accordingly. The results suggested that CdPCS1 could be used as a gene element for phytoremediation in the future.展开更多
Phytoremediation technology is regarded as a simple and efficient way to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. A reasonable disposal of metal hyperaccumulators is always and resource-saving. The a major issue in...Phytoremediation technology is regarded as a simple and efficient way to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. A reasonable disposal of metal hyperaccumulators is always and resource-saving. The a major issue in waste reuse heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon （L.） was investigated where heavy metals were desorbed by a facile acid-treatment. The result indicated that more than 90% of heavy metals （Zn, Pb and Cu） was extracted from Cynondon daetylon with 0.2 mmol· L^-1 HCl. The plant residue was used to adsorb heavy metals ions. The adsorption fitted the Langmuir isotherm model with the saturation adsorption capacity of 9.5 mg·g^-1 Zn^2＋, 36.2 mg·g^-1 Pb2＋ and 12.9 mg·g^-1 Cu^2＋, and the surface eomplexation and the backfilling of heavy metal imprinting cavities existed simultaneously during the adsorption. The treatment of wastewaters indicated that the plant residue exhibited a high removal rate of 97% for Cu. Also, the material could be recycled. The method offers a new disposal approach for heavy metal hyperaccumulator.展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic efficacy of Cynodon dactylon in diabetic rats. Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups： Group I： control; Group II： Alloxan diabetic, untreated; and Group III： Alloxan diabetic treated with ethanolic extract of C. dactylon leaves （450 mg/kg bw）. Experimental diabetes was induced by alloxan in a single dose of 150 mg/kg bw. Results A Significant diminution of fasting blood sugar level was observed and also significant increase in HDL and decrease （P0.05） in cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL were observed after 15 days of treatment. The investigation also revealed, the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, AP, LDH, and CPK （P0.05） were decreased in the extract‐supplemented group. The significant decrease in protein content and SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH （P0.05） activity and increase in LPO in plasma were found to be ameliorated after treatment. Conclusion Our result supports the fact that administration of extract of C. dactylon leave is able to reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia risk and also reduced the oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
文摘Objective:To obtain Iuteolin and apigenin rich fraction from the ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon(L.)(C.dactylon) Pers and evaluate the fraction's cytotoxicity and anti-Chikungunya potential using Vero cells.Methods:The ethanolic extract of C.dactylon was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain anti-chikungunya virus(CHIKV) fraction.Reverse phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies were carried out to identily the major phytochemicals in the fraction using phylochemical standards.Cytotoxicity and the potential of the fraction against CHIKV were evaluated in vitro using Vero cells.Reduction in viral replication was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) after treating the viral infected Vero cells with the fraction.Results:Reverse Phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies confirmed the presence of flavonoids,luteolin and apigenin as major phytochemicals in the anti-CHIKV ethanolic fraction of C.dactylon- The fraction was found to exhibit potent viral inhibitory activity(about 98%) at the concentration of 50 μg/mL as observed by reduction in cytopathic effect,and the cytotoxic concentration of the fraction was found to be 250 μg/mL.RT-PCR analyses indicated that the reduction in viral mRNA synthesis in fraction treated infected cells was much higher than the viral infected control cells.Conclusions:Luteolin and apigenin rich ethanolic fraction from C.dactylon can be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent against CHIKV infection as the fraction does not show cytotoxicity while inhibiting the virus.
基金Supported by Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Chittagong,Chittagong-4220,Bangladesh
文摘Objective: To explore the antidiabetic and the antidiarrhoeal effects of ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon Pers. aerial parts(EECA) in Wistar rats.Methods: To assess the antidiabetic activity of EECA, oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) model and alloxan induced diabetic test(AIDT) model were performed. The EECA was used at the doses of 2 g/kg, 1 g/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight in OGTT model and 1.5 g/kg was used for AIDT model. Castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model and gastrointestinal motility test with barium sulphate milk model were performed for evaluating the antidiarrhoeal effects at doses of 1 g/kg, 750 mg/kg respectively.Results: The dose 2 g/kg in OGTT and 1.5 g/kg in AIDT model blood glucose levels decreased significantly(P < 0.01) in Wistar rats that showed antidiabetic effect of EECA. After administration of EECA at the dose of 1 g/kg, the extract showed significant(P < 0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity in castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model. The results were also significant(P < 0.01) in barium sulphate milk model for the same dose by using above mentioned animals.Conclusions: It is concluded that EECA contains both antidiabetic and the antidiarrhoeal properties.
基金supported by the Board of Research in Nuclear Science(BRNS)Mumbai,Department of Atomic energy,Government of India.[Grant number No:34(1)/14/38/2014-BRNS/1932/27/11/2014]
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon on the whole body radiation-induced oxidative status of the cerebellum and cognitive impairments in mice. Methods: Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into the control group, radiation control group, low dose and high dose Cynodon dactylon extract treated groups and pre-treated with Cynodon dactylon extract before irradiation. Cynodon dactylon extract was administered for 7 d daily in low dose(0.25 g/kg) and high dose(1 g/kg). On day 7, mice were irradiated with a sublethal dose of 5 Gy gamma rays. Motor coordination was assessed by elevated rotarod test and spatial memory was studied by water maze test. Subsequently, biochemical markers(glutathione, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels) in the cerebellum were evaluated. Results: The gamma irradiated group showed significant impairment in motor coordination and spatial memory compared to normal mice. Mice treated by Cynodon dactylon extract prior to gamma radiation showed good improvement in both paradigms compared to the radiation control group. Moreover, glutathione level was increased, while lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels were significantly reduced in mice receiving low dose and high dose of Cynodon dactylon extract compared to the radiation control group. Conclusions: The present study suggests the neuroprotective role of Cynodon dactylon against radiation-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress on the cerebellum of mice.
文摘To identify suitable grass species for growth in the Jianghan Plain,the micromorphologies of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of 14 bermudagrass varieties of Cynodon dactylon were investigated,and the number,length,and width of long and short cells and stomata were measured.The results showed that the anticlinal wall of epidermal cells looked like waves and the stoma was distributed in the upper and lower epidermis.However,the various indicators of the leaf epidermis of different species of Cd were significantly different.The length and width of long cells and the length of short cells of Cd Mohawk,Cd Suncity,and wild type Cd were relatively large,which may improve their ability to adapt to the pastoral soil and make them suitable for the rainy environment of the Jianghan Plain.On the contrary,the results of all indicators of Cd Xinnong 1,Cd hulled,and Cd unhulled ranked at the bottom,which was not suitable for pastoral soil habitats,while the wild type Cd could adapt to both the pastoral soil and the vegetation concrete habitat.Moreover,the long cells and short cells of Cd Kashi were tightly arranged,and the stoma in Cd Pyramid and Cd hulled were more dense,which may improve their ability to adapt to an arid environment.
基金supported,in part,by the United State Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative award 2010-51181-21064,the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station,and the United States Golf Association.
文摘Bermudagrass[Cynodon dactylon var.dactylon(L.)Pers.]is a major warm-season turf and forage grass worldwide.Seed yield is an important trait targeted for improvement in bermudagrass breeding programs because of the increased interest in seed-propagated cultivars.Understanding the nature of genetic variation for seed yield and its components in bermudagrass would aid the development of seed-propagated cultivars.The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variation and narrow-sense heritability for seed yield and its two major components,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage in bermudagrass.Twenty-five half-sib families and their respective clonal parents were evaluated at two Oklahoma locations,Perkins and Stillwater(Oklahoma,USA),over two years.Half-sib families were different for seed yield,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage,indicating the expression of additive genes in controlling these traits.Family×location effects were observed for seed set percentage and seed yield.All three traits showed family×year interaction effects.There was a significant family×location×year interaction in inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage.Narrow-sense heritability estimates for seed yield was 0.18 based on variance component analysis among half-sib families and ranged from 0.26 to 0.68 based on parent-offspring regressions,indicating genetic complexity of seed yield.Heritability estimates were moderate(0.30−0.55)for inflorescences prolificacy and moderate to relatively high(0.41−0.78)for seed set percentage.The results indicate that sufficient magnitudes of additive genetic variation for seed set percentage and inflorescence prolificacy permit positive response to selection and conventional progeny-based genotypic evaluation is necessary for seed yield improvement.Citation:Tan C,Wu Y,Taliaferro CM,Bell GE,Martin DL,et al.2022.Heritability estimates for seed yield and its components in Cynodon dactylon var.
基金Supported by the Special Project of Transgenic Plants Research (JY03A2001)
文摘Bermudagrass （Cynodon dactylon L. cv. Goldensun） is highly resistant to and accumulates large amounts of cadmium （Cd）. A phytochelatin synthase （PCS） cDNA （CdPCS1） was isolated from this grass by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The putative CdPCS1 protein shared a high homology with PCS from other plants, with 79% homology at the N-terminal and 47% homology at the C-terminah However, 16 Cys residues were found at the C-terminal of CdPCS1, and among these residues, three positions were different from other PCS proteins. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that Cd stress induced CdPCS1 expression in both roots and leaves in Bermudagrass. We verified that CdPCS1 plays an important role in Cd tolerance in yeast cells by expressing the gene in ABDE1, a Cdsensitive mutant. CdPCS1 was then introduced into tobacco plants. The phytochelatin level in some transgenic tobacco lines increased 3.88-fold more than in wild type plants and Cd accumulation in these transgenic plants was enhanced 3.21-fold accordingly. The results suggested that CdPCS1 could be used as a gene element for phytoremediation in the future.
文摘Phytoremediation technology is regarded as a simple and efficient way to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. A reasonable disposal of metal hyperaccumulators is always and resource-saving. The a major issue in waste reuse heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon （L.） was investigated where heavy metals were desorbed by a facile acid-treatment. The result indicated that more than 90% of heavy metals （Zn, Pb and Cu） was extracted from Cynondon daetylon with 0.2 mmol· L^-1 HCl. The plant residue was used to adsorb heavy metals ions. The adsorption fitted the Langmuir isotherm model with the saturation adsorption capacity of 9.5 mg·g^-1 Zn^2＋, 36.2 mg·g^-1 Pb2＋ and 12.9 mg·g^-1 Cu^2＋, and the surface eomplexation and the backfilling of heavy metal imprinting cavities existed simultaneously during the adsorption. The treatment of wastewaters indicated that the plant residue exhibited a high removal rate of 97% for Cu. Also, the material could be recycled. The method offers a new disposal approach for heavy metal hyperaccumulator.
