PbS quantum dot(QD)image sensors have emerged as promising chips for a wide range of infrared(IR)imaging applications due to their monolithic integration with silicon-based readout integrated circuits.However,avoiding...PbS quantum dot(QD)image sensors have emerged as promising chips for a wide range of infrared(IR)imaging applications due to their monolithic integration with silicon-based readout integrated circuits.However,avoiding primary toxic Pb usage and reducing the cost of PbS QDs remains crucial for widespread application.We present a novel cost-effective and environmentally friendly hydrometallurgical process for recovering PbCl_(2)from spent lead-acid battery paste to synthesize high-quality PbS QDs.The method recovers PbCl_(2)with a production ratio of 97%and a purity of 99.99%.PbS QDs and photodetectors synthesized from recycled PbCl_(2)(R-PbCl_(2))have comparable performance and quality to those made using commercial PbCl_(2).R-PbCl_(2)-derived photodetectors exhibit a high external quantum efficiency of 49.6%and a high specific detectivity of 6.95×10^(12)Jones compared to published studies.Additionally,based on R-PbCl_(2),a PbS QD image sensor with 640×512 resolution successfully discriminated common solvents.Moreover,through life-cycle assessment and economic cost analysis,this novel synthesis route offers great advantages in the environmentally friendly use of chemical reagents and reduces the production cost of PbS QDs by 23.2%compared to commercial PbCl_(2).Thus,this work not only contributes to the green recycling of spent lead paste but also provides a low-cost strategy for synthesizing PbS QDs and their optoelectronic application.展开更多
A quantitative measure-based method for the design and evaluation of sustainable products is proposed. The method uses multi-criteria in product design to meet sustainable requirements from qualitative criteria to qua...A quantitative measure-based method for the design and evaluation of sustainable products is proposed. The method uses multi-criteria in product design to meet sustainable requirements from qualitative criteria to quantitative metrics. The method integrates quality function deployment concepts with the life cycle assessment to establish a quantitative method for sustainable product development. It considers both customer needs and sustainable requirements by mapping these needs into design details using the axiomatic design and benchmarking methods. The method is applied in the wheelchair design. Four popular wheelchairs in the market are selected as benchmarks and are rated based on customer needs and sustainable criteria. The design matrix identifies the relationship of functional requirements and design parameters of the wheelchair. Compared to the best benchmark product, the proposed wheelchair can reduce costs by 13.8%, environment footprints 18.55%, mass 4.5%, and components 2.2%.展开更多
LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or ...LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization＇s product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM＇s application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications？ This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them.展开更多
基金supported by Key program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52330004)National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(51978301)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3902802)。
文摘PbS quantum dot(QD)image sensors have emerged as promising chips for a wide range of infrared(IR)imaging applications due to their monolithic integration with silicon-based readout integrated circuits.However,avoiding primary toxic Pb usage and reducing the cost of PbS QDs remains crucial for widespread application.We present a novel cost-effective and environmentally friendly hydrometallurgical process for recovering PbCl_(2)from spent lead-acid battery paste to synthesize high-quality PbS QDs.The method recovers PbCl_(2)with a production ratio of 97%and a purity of 99.99%.PbS QDs and photodetectors synthesized from recycled PbCl_(2)(R-PbCl_(2))have comparable performance and quality to those made using commercial PbCl_(2).R-PbCl_(2)-derived photodetectors exhibit a high external quantum efficiency of 49.6%and a high specific detectivity of 6.95×10^(12)Jones compared to published studies.Additionally,based on R-PbCl_(2),a PbS QD image sensor with 640×512 resolution successfully discriminated common solvents.Moreover,through life-cycle assessment and economic cost analysis,this novel synthesis route offers great advantages in the environmentally friendly use of chemical reagents and reduces the production cost of PbS QDs by 23.2%compared to commercial PbCl_(2).Thus,this work not only contributes to the green recycling of spent lead paste but also provides a low-cost strategy for synthesizing PbS QDs and their optoelectronic application.
基金The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada(No.RGPIN/239189-2010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51375287)
文摘A quantitative measure-based method for the design and evaluation of sustainable products is proposed. The method uses multi-criteria in product design to meet sustainable requirements from qualitative criteria to quantitative metrics. The method integrates quality function deployment concepts with the life cycle assessment to establish a quantitative method for sustainable product development. It considers both customer needs and sustainable requirements by mapping these needs into design details using the axiomatic design and benchmarking methods. The method is applied in the wheelchair design. Four popular wheelchairs in the market are selected as benchmarks and are rated based on customer needs and sustainable criteria. The design matrix identifies the relationship of functional requirements and design parameters of the wheelchair. Compared to the best benchmark product, the proposed wheelchair can reduce costs by 13.8%, environment footprints 18.55%, mass 4.5%, and components 2.2%.
文摘LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization＇s product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM＇s application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications？ This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them.
