Characterized by self-monitoring and agile adaptation to fast changing dynamics in complex production environments,smart manufacturing as envisioned under Industry 4.0 aims to improve the throughput and reliability of...Characterized by self-monitoring and agile adaptation to fast changing dynamics in complex production environments,smart manufacturing as envisioned under Industry 4.0 aims to improve the throughput and reliability of production beyond the state-of-the-art.While the widespread application of deep learning(DL)has opened up new opportunities to accomplish the goal,data quality and model interpretability have continued to present a roadblock for the widespread acceptance of DL for real-world applications.This has motivated research on two fronts:data curation,which aims to provide quality data as input for meaningful DL-based analysis,and model interpretation,which intends to reveal the physical reasoning underlying DL model outputs and promote trust from the users.This paper summarizes several key techniques in data curation where breakthroughs in data denoising,outlier detection,imputation,balancing,and semantic annotation have demonstrated the effectiveness in information extraction from noisy,incomplete,insufficient,and/or unannotated data.Also highlighted are model interpretation methods that address the“black-box”nature of DL towards model transparency.展开更多
Purpose:This study attempts to propose an abstract model by gathering concepts that can focus on resource representation and description in a digital curation model and suggest a conceptual model that emphasizes seman...Purpose:This study attempts to propose an abstract model by gathering concepts that can focus on resource representation and description in a digital curation model and suggest a conceptual model that emphasizes semantic enrichment in a digital curation model.Design/methodology/approach:This study conducts a literature review to analyze the preceding curation models,DCC CLM,DCC&U,UC3,and DCN.Findings:The concept of semantic enrichment is expressed in a single word,SEMANTIC in this study.The Semantic Enrichment Model,SEMANTIC has elements,subject,extraction,multi-language,authority,network,thing,identity,and connect.Research limitations:This study does not reflect the actual information environment because it focuses on the concepts of the representation of digital objects.Practical implications:This study presents the main considerations for creating and reinforcing the description and representation of digital objects when building and developing digital curation models in specific institutions.Originality/value:This study summarizes the elements that should be emphasized in the representation of digital objects in terms of information organization.展开更多
Background:Bird nests are an important part of avian ecology.They are a powerful tool for studying not only the birds that built them,but a wide array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate chang...Background:Bird nests are an important part of avian ecology.They are a powerful tool for studying not only the birds that built them,but a wide array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate change to evolu-tion.Despite this,bird nests tend to be underrepresented in natural history collections,a problem that should be redressed through renewed focus by collecting institutions.Methods:Here we outline the history and current best practice collection and curatorial methods for the nest col-lection of the Australian National Wildlife Collection(ANWC).We also describe an experiment conducted on nests in the ANWC using ultrasonic humidification to restore the shape of nests damaged by inappropriate storage.Results:The experiment showed that damaged nests can be successfully reshaped to close to their original dimen-sions.Indeed,restored nests were significantly closer to their original shape than they were prior to restoration.Thus,even nests damaged by years of neglect may be fully incorporated into active research collections.Best practice techniques include extensive note taking and photography in the field,subsampling of nests that cannot or should not be collected,appropriate field storage,metadata management,and prompt treatment upon arrival at the collec-tion facility.Conclusions:Renewed focus on nest collections should include appropriate care and restoration of current col-lections,as well as expansion to redress past underrepresentation.This could include collaboration with researchers studying or monitoring avian nesting ecology,and nest collection after use in bird species that rebuild anew each nesting attempt.Modern expansion of museum nest collections will allow researchers and natural history collections to fully realise the scientific potential of these complex and beautiful specimens.展开更多
The curation of genetic variants from biomedical articles is required for various clinical and research purposes. Nowadays, establishment of variant databases that include overall information about variants is becomin...The curation of genetic variants from biomedical articles is required for various clinical and research purposes. Nowadays, establishment of variant databases that include overall information about variants is becoming quite popular. These databases have immense utility, serving as a user-friendly information storehouse of variants for information seekers. While manual curation is the gold standard method for curation of variants, it can turn out to be time-consuming on a large scale thus necessitating the need for automation. Curation of variants described in biomedical literature may not be straightforward mainly due to various nomenclature and expression issues. Though current trends in paper writing on variants is inclined to the standard nomenclature such that variants can easily be retrieved, we have a massive store of variants in the literature that are present as non-standard names and the online search engines that are pre- dominantly used may not be capable of finding them. For effective curation of variants, knowledge about the overall process of curation, nature and types of difficulties in curation, and ways to tackle the difficulties during the task are crucial. Only by effective curation, can variants be correctly interpreted. This paper presents the process and difficulties of curation of genetic variants with possible solutions and suggestions from our work experience in the field including literature support. The paper also highlights aspects of interpretation of genetic variants and the importance of writing papers on variants following standard and retrievable methods.展开更多
Data Curation(DC)是图书情报学新兴的前沿领域,国内学者对DC概念的认知也略有差异,需要对其中文译法重新界定。DC活动表现出多样化的基本特征和价值意义,高校图书馆在DC服务中发挥着重要作用,并以多种形态开展DC服务,应以DC研究为契机...Data Curation(DC)是图书情报学新兴的前沿领域,国内学者对DC概念的认知也略有差异,需要对其中文译法重新界定。DC活动表现出多样化的基本特征和价值意义,高校图书馆在DC服务中发挥着重要作用,并以多种形态开展DC服务,应以DC研究为契机,抓住发展机遇,在协同互动的理念指导下实现DC服务的本土化。展开更多
The growing push for open data resulted in an abundance of data for coastal researchers,which can lead to problems for individual researchers related to data discoverability.One solution is to explicitly develop servi...The growing push for open data resulted in an abundance of data for coastal researchers,which can lead to problems for individual researchers related to data discoverability.One solution is to explicitly develop services for coastal researchers to help curate data for discovery,hosting discussions around reuse,community building,and finding collaborators.To develop the idea of a coastal data curation service,we investigate aspects of the UNESCO International Coastal Atlas Network member sites that could be used to build a curation service.We develop a minimal example of a coastal data curation service,deploy this as a website,and describe the next steps to move beyond the prototype phase.We envision a coastal data curation service as a way to cultivate a community focused on coastal data discovery and reuse.展开更多
文摘Characterized by self-monitoring and agile adaptation to fast changing dynamics in complex production environments,smart manufacturing as envisioned under Industry 4.0 aims to improve the throughput and reliability of production beyond the state-of-the-art.While the widespread application of deep learning(DL)has opened up new opportunities to accomplish the goal,data quality and model interpretability have continued to present a roadblock for the widespread acceptance of DL for real-world applications.This has motivated research on two fronts:data curation,which aims to provide quality data as input for meaningful DL-based analysis,and model interpretation,which intends to reveal the physical reasoning underlying DL model outputs and promote trust from the users.This paper summarizes several key techniques in data curation where breakthroughs in data denoising,outlier detection,imputation,balancing,and semantic annotation have demonstrated the effectiveness in information extraction from noisy,incomplete,insufficient,and/or unannotated data.Also highlighted are model interpretation methods that address the“black-box”nature of DL towards model transparency.
基金supported by a research grant from Seoul Women’s University(2020)financially supported by Hansung University
文摘Purpose:This study attempts to propose an abstract model by gathering concepts that can focus on resource representation and description in a digital curation model and suggest a conceptual model that emphasizes semantic enrichment in a digital curation model.Design/methodology/approach:This study conducts a literature review to analyze the preceding curation models,DCC CLM,DCC&U,UC3,and DCN.Findings:The concept of semantic enrichment is expressed in a single word,SEMANTIC in this study.The Semantic Enrichment Model,SEMANTIC has elements,subject,extraction,multi-language,authority,network,thing,identity,and connect.Research limitations:This study does not reflect the actual information environment because it focuses on the concepts of the representation of digital objects.Practical implications:This study presents the main considerations for creating and reinforcing the description and representation of digital objects when building and developing digital curation models in specific institutions.Originality/value:This study summarizes the elements that should be emphasized in the representation of digital objects in terms of information organization.
基金Funding for this project was provided by the CSIRO National Research Collec-tions Australia Strategic Funding and the Australian National Wildlife Collec-tion Curatorial Internship Program.
文摘Background:Bird nests are an important part of avian ecology.They are a powerful tool for studying not only the birds that built them,but a wide array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate change to evolu-tion.Despite this,bird nests tend to be underrepresented in natural history collections,a problem that should be redressed through renewed focus by collecting institutions.Methods:Here we outline the history and current best practice collection and curatorial methods for the nest col-lection of the Australian National Wildlife Collection(ANWC).We also describe an experiment conducted on nests in the ANWC using ultrasonic humidification to restore the shape of nests damaged by inappropriate storage.Results:The experiment showed that damaged nests can be successfully reshaped to close to their original dimen-sions.Indeed,restored nests were significantly closer to their original shape than they were prior to restoration.Thus,even nests damaged by years of neglect may be fully incorporated into active research collections.Best practice techniques include extensive note taking and photography in the field,subsampling of nests that cannot or should not be collected,appropriate field storage,metadata management,and prompt treatment upon arrival at the collec-tion facility.Conclusions:Renewed focus on nest collections should include appropriate care and restoration of current col-lections,as well as expansion to redress past underrepresentation.This could include collaboration with researchers studying or monitoring avian nesting ecology,and nest collection after use in bird species that rebuild anew each nesting attempt.Modern expansion of museum nest collections will allow researchers and natural history collections to fully realise the scientific potential of these complex and beautiful specimens.
文摘The curation of genetic variants from biomedical articles is required for various clinical and research purposes. Nowadays, establishment of variant databases that include overall information about variants is becoming quite popular. These databases have immense utility, serving as a user-friendly information storehouse of variants for information seekers. While manual curation is the gold standard method for curation of variants, it can turn out to be time-consuming on a large scale thus necessitating the need for automation. Curation of variants described in biomedical literature may not be straightforward mainly due to various nomenclature and expression issues. Though current trends in paper writing on variants is inclined to the standard nomenclature such that variants can easily be retrieved, we have a massive store of variants in the literature that are present as non-standard names and the online search engines that are pre- dominantly used may not be capable of finding them. For effective curation of variants, knowledge about the overall process of curation, nature and types of difficulties in curation, and ways to tackle the difficulties during the task are crucial. Only by effective curation, can variants be correctly interpreted. This paper presents the process and difficulties of curation of genetic variants with possible solutions and suggestions from our work experience in the field including literature support. The paper also highlights aspects of interpretation of genetic variants and the importance of writing papers on variants following standard and retrievable methods.
基金support from US National Science Foundation(1939954,1953412 to E.B.G.1940006,1924670 to A.E.B.)+1 种基金a US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship(Grant No.DGE 1650115 to C.M.M.)an Early-Career Research Fellowship from the Gulf Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine(to E.B.G.).
文摘The growing push for open data resulted in an abundance of data for coastal researchers,which can lead to problems for individual researchers related to data discoverability.One solution is to explicitly develop services for coastal researchers to help curate data for discovery,hosting discussions around reuse,community building,and finding collaborators.To develop the idea of a coastal data curation service,we investigate aspects of the UNESCO International Coastal Atlas Network member sites that could be used to build a curation service.We develop a minimal example of a coastal data curation service,deploy this as a website,and describe the next steps to move beyond the prototype phase.We envision a coastal data curation service as a way to cultivate a community focused on coastal data discovery and reuse.
