甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应是甾体药物合成中脱除19位甲基的关键步骤,需要多步化学反应才能实现,酶催化则一步就能完成.为寻找更多能够实现甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应的微生物和酶并利用酶法实现这一反应,本研究重新考察丝核薄膜革菌(...甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应是甾体药物合成中脱除19位甲基的关键步骤,需要多步化学反应才能实现,酶催化则一步就能完成.为寻找更多能够实现甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应的微生物和酶并利用酶法实现这一反应,本研究重新考察丝核薄膜革菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)催化可托多松19位甲基羟基化的反应,发现除了产生主产物19-OH-可托多松和11β-OH-可托多松外,还产生一种极性与19-OH-可托多松非常相近的产物7β-OH-可托多松,导致19-OH-可托多松分离纯化困难.通过对转化条件进行控制和优化,提高了目标产物19-OH-可托多松的比例,减少了7β-OH-可托多松的生成,在初始p H 9.0,装液量100 m L(250 m L锥形瓶),助溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(0.5%,V/V),底物投加时间36 h,底物浓度为0.5 g/L的最适条件下,几乎不产生7β-OH-可托多松,转化60 h后,19-OH-可托多松的产量可达到117 mg/L,而且产物易于分离纯化.本研究对T.cucumeris合成19-OH-可托多松的反应条件进行了控制和优化,使产物易于分离纯化,为进一步从该菌中获得甾体化合物19位羟基化酶奠定了基础.展开更多
In this paper, the numeral response and main parameters of experimental population life table were analyzed for determining the suppressing ability of Amblyseius cucumeris on Panonychus citri. The result showed that: ...In this paper, the numeral response and main parameters of experimental population life table were analyzed for determining the suppressing ability of Amblyseius cucumeris on Panonychus citri. The result showed that: (1) Under 21-31°C and 1 - 9 prey densities/leaf fragment condition, the prey consumptions of A. cucumeris increased with the temperature or prey density; (2) In 1:3 predator-prey ratio treatment, the suppression of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) was rather weak, it was enhanced as the ratio over 5:30, and the populations of P. citri in these treatments can be fully controlled within 4-5 days; (3) Under 25±1°C, 80-85% RH and 15L: 9D illumination conditions, the net reproductive rate, mean generation duration and the time for population double increase of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) were higher than those of A. cucumeris (Ro=21.8750; T=16.8943; t=3.7954). While the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase of the former (rm=0.1814; λ=1.1989) were lower than those of the latter (rm=0.1826; λ=1.2004). These results indicated that A. cucumeris is a desirable bio-control agent to suppress P. citri at lower population stage in citrus orchard.展开更多
To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin...To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin, matrine, pyrethrins and imidacloprid）, and Neoseiulus cucumeris （Oudemans）, the natural enemy of cotton red spider mite, were studied. N. cucumeris was released after application of pesticides for seven days （for 0,3% azadirachtin EC） or six days （for other pesticides）. The results showed that the combined action of 1.8% abamectin EW （1：8 000） and N. cucumeris had the best control efficacy of 96.63% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacies of N. cucumeds and 0.3% azadirachtin EC （1：250） were 59.7% and 90.1% after one day and 20 days, respectively, after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacy of N. cucumeris and 0.5% matrine AS （1：2 000） was 82.65% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The results provide options for sustainable control of T. cinnabarinus and for the delay of pesticides resistance.展开更多
Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies w...Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies were conducted to confirm the feasibility of this idea. The germination condition of P. fumosoroseus conidia was determined by the method of different saturated salt solutions applying different humidity in small containers, and the pathogenicity test and the pot experi- ment were also conducted, under a suitable condition. There were 6 treatments for pot experiment as following： （1） CK; （2） releasing 50 N. cucumeds, （3） spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （4） releasing 50 N. cucumeris after spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （5） releasing 20 N. cucumeris dusted conidia of P. fumosoroseus; and （6） releasing 50 N. cucumeris dusted with conidia of P. fumosoroseus. The result showed that the germination condition of P. fu- mosoroseus conidia was 25-30 ℃ and 95%-100% RH, and under this condition, the 10s spores/ml conidia suspension caused a mortality of 86.52% in aphids and 41.78% in predatory mites after ten days. From the pot experiment, the numbers of aphids of treatment （3）, （4）, （6） were close to 0 at the 8th day. This study proved that the predatory mites N. cucumeris dusted with the entomogenous P. fu- mosoroseus could provide satisfactory control on both aphids and spider mites in potted eggplants under suitable temperature and humidity. The predatory mite vec- toring entomopathogen system could provide an economic and labor saving way for aphid control.展开更多
文摘甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应是甾体药物合成中脱除19位甲基的关键步骤,需要多步化学反应才能实现,酶催化则一步就能完成.为寻找更多能够实现甾体化合物19位甲基羟化反应的微生物和酶并利用酶法实现这一反应,本研究重新考察丝核薄膜革菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)催化可托多松19位甲基羟基化的反应,发现除了产生主产物19-OH-可托多松和11β-OH-可托多松外,还产生一种极性与19-OH-可托多松非常相近的产物7β-OH-可托多松,导致19-OH-可托多松分离纯化困难.通过对转化条件进行控制和优化,提高了目标产物19-OH-可托多松的比例,减少了7β-OH-可托多松的生成,在初始p H 9.0,装液量100 m L(250 m L锥形瓶),助溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(0.5%,V/V),底物投加时间36 h,底物浓度为0.5 g/L的最适条件下,几乎不产生7β-OH-可托多松,转化60 h后,19-OH-可托多松的产量可达到117 mg/L,而且产物易于分离纯化.本研究对T.cucumeris合成19-OH-可托多松的反应条件进行了控制和优化,使产物易于分离纯化,为进一步从该菌中获得甾体化合物19位羟基化酶奠定了基础.
文摘In this paper, the numeral response and main parameters of experimental population life table were analyzed for determining the suppressing ability of Amblyseius cucumeris on Panonychus citri. The result showed that: (1) Under 21-31°C and 1 - 9 prey densities/leaf fragment condition, the prey consumptions of A. cucumeris increased with the temperature or prey density; (2) In 1:3 predator-prey ratio treatment, the suppression of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) was rather weak, it was enhanced as the ratio over 5:30, and the populations of P. citri in these treatments can be fully controlled within 4-5 days; (3) Under 25±1°C, 80-85% RH and 15L: 9D illumination conditions, the net reproductive rate, mean generation duration and the time for population double increase of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) were higher than those of A. cucumeris (Ro=21.8750; T=16.8943; t=3.7954). While the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase of the former (rm=0.1814; λ=1.1989) were lower than those of the latter (rm=0.1826; λ=1.2004). These results indicated that A. cucumeris is a desirable bio-control agent to suppress P. citri at lower population stage in citrus orchard.
基金Supported by the Modern Agricultural Technology System of Hunan Province(Xiangnongyelian No.[2012]278)the Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province(2010NK3011,2011FJ4298)~~
文摘To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin, matrine, pyrethrins and imidacloprid）, and Neoseiulus cucumeris （Oudemans）, the natural enemy of cotton red spider mite, were studied. N. cucumeris was released after application of pesticides for seven days （for 0,3% azadirachtin EC） or six days （for other pesticides）. The results showed that the combined action of 1.8% abamectin EW （1：8 000） and N. cucumeris had the best control efficacy of 96.63% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacies of N. cucumeds and 0.3% azadirachtin EC （1：250） were 59.7% and 90.1% after one day and 20 days, respectively, after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacy of N. cucumeris and 0.5% matrine AS （1：2 000） was 82.65% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The results provide options for sustainable control of T. cinnabarinus and for the delay of pesticides resistance.
基金Supported by Youth Science Fund Project of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2012DQA-2)Innovation Team Project of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXTD-2-1313)+1 种基金Natural Science Fund of Fujian Province(2014J1108)National 863Program(2011AA10A201)~~
文摘Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies were conducted to confirm the feasibility of this idea. The germination condition of P. fumosoroseus conidia was determined by the method of different saturated salt solutions applying different humidity in small containers, and the pathogenicity test and the pot experi- ment were also conducted, under a suitable condition. There were 6 treatments for pot experiment as following： （1） CK; （2） releasing 50 N. cucumeds, （3） spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （4） releasing 50 N. cucumeris after spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （5） releasing 20 N. cucumeris dusted conidia of P. fumosoroseus; and （6） releasing 50 N. cucumeris dusted with conidia of P. fumosoroseus. The result showed that the germination condition of P. fu- mosoroseus conidia was 25-30 ℃ and 95%-100% RH, and under this condition, the 10s spores/ml conidia suspension caused a mortality of 86.52% in aphids and 41.78% in predatory mites after ten days. From the pot experiment, the numbers of aphids of treatment （3）, （4）, （6） were close to 0 at the 8th day. This study proved that the predatory mites N. cucumeris dusted with the entomogenous P. fu- mosoroseus could provide satisfactory control on both aphids and spider mites in potted eggplants under suitable temperature and humidity. The predatory mite vec- toring entomopathogen system could provide an economic and labor saving way for aphid control.
