This study aims to formulate a steady-state mathematical model for a three-dimensional permeable enclosure(cavity)to determine the oil extraction rate using three distinct nanoparticles,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and Fe_(2)O...This study aims to formulate a steady-state mathematical model for a three-dimensional permeable enclosure(cavity)to determine the oil extraction rate using three distinct nanoparticles,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and Fe_(2)O_(3),in unconventional oil reservoirs.The simulation is conducted for different parameters of volume fractions,porosities,and mass flow rates to determine the optimal oil recovery.The impact of nanoparticles on relative permeability(kr)and water is also investigated.The simulation process utilizes the finite volume ANSYS Fluent.The study results showed that when the mass flow rate at the inlet is low,oil recovery goes up.In addition,they indicated that silicon nanoparticles are better at getting oil out of the ground(i.e.,oil reservoir)than Al_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3).Most oil can be extracted from SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and Fe_(2)O_(3)at a rate of 97.8%,96.5%,and 88%,respectively.展开更多
The convergence problem of the family of Euler-Halley methods is considered under the Lipschitz condition with the L-average, and a united convergence theory with its applications is presented.
This study numerically examines the heat and mass transfer characteristics of two ternary nanofluids via converging and diverg-ing channels.Furthermore,the study aims to assess two ternary nanofluids combinations to d...This study numerically examines the heat and mass transfer characteristics of two ternary nanofluids via converging and diverg-ing channels.Furthermore,the study aims to assess two ternary nanofluids combinations to determine which configuration can provide better heat and mass transfer and lower entropy production,while ensuring cost efficiency.This work bridges the gap be-tween academic research and industrial feasibility by incorporating cost analysis,entropy generation,and thermal efficiency.To compare the velocity,temperature,and concentration profiles,we examine two ternary nanofluids,i.e.,TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O and TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O,while considering the shape of nanoparticles.The velocity slip and Soret/Dufour effects are taken into consideration.Furthermore,regression analysis for Nusselt and Sherwood numbers of the model is carried out.The Runge-Kutta fourth-order method with shooting technique is employed to acquire the numerical solution of the governed system of ordinary differential equations.The flow pattern attributes of ternary nanofluids are meticulously examined and simulated with the fluc-tuation of flow-dominating parameters.Additionally,the influence of these parameters is demonstrated in the flow,temperature,and concentration fields.For variation in Eckert and Dufour numbers,TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O has a higher temperature than TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O.The results obtained indicate that the ternary nanofluid TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O has a higher heat transfer rate,lesser entropy generation,greater mass transfer rate,and lower cost than that of TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O ternary nanofluid.展开更多
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons.Early bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives ...Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons.Early bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to bed.However,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is unclear.To address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.We used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.Multiple factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb involvement.The results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.These findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.展开更多
In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).A...In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).Additionally,we establish the upper and lower bounds of these functions,factoring in the explicit error terms involved.Crucially,our findings reveal that a(n)and b(n)both satisfy several inequalities such as log-concavity,third-order Turan inequalities,and strict log-subadditivity.展开更多
The rock-salt cubic SnSe compound with multiple valleys and inherent low thermal conductivity is considered to be a promising thermoelectric compound.In this study,heterogeneous Pb atoms were strategically introduced ...The rock-salt cubic SnSe compound with multiple valleys and inherent low thermal conductivity is considered to be a promising thermoelectric compound.In this study,heterogeneous Pb atoms were strategically introduced into the lattice of cubic SnSe matrix,synergistically adjusting the thermoelectric transport properties of samples by optimizing hole carrier concentration(n)and suppressing thermal conductivity(κ_(tot)).When the doping content reached 0.08 mol,the peak power factor(PF)at 300 K increased to 20.00μW·cm^(-1)·K^(-2).The growing internal microstrain induced by the differences in atomic size strengthened the phonon scattering and effectively reduced the lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(L)).With further decoupling of the electrical and thermal transport properties,a peak thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT)of 0.82 and an average ZT of 0.42(300-750 K)were achieved in the samples doped with 0.10 mol Pb.These findings highlight the effectiveness of the selected dopants and demonstrate their synergy in improving the performance of thermoelectric materials.展开更多
Given the safety concerns and low energy density induced by liquid electrolytes,the interest in solidstate lithium metal batteries is rapidly growing.Among various solid electrolytes,garnet-type lithium lanthanum zirc...Given the safety concerns and low energy density induced by liquid electrolytes,the interest in solidstate lithium metal batteries is rapidly growing.Among various solid electrolytes,garnet-type lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO) has attracted extensive attention due to its numerous advantages.This review systematically summarizes the intrinsic issues faced by unstable bare LLZO and the resolution strategy of metallic doping in the electrochemical application.It comprehensively discusses the doping arrangements for high ionic conductivity based on element types and gap filling using second phases/sintering aids for LLZO grains/pellets.Emphasizing diverse doping strategies for bulk LLZO,it relates to simulation and characterization findings along with novel synthesis approaches.By identifying the inherent scientific questionsof LLZO,this review bridges the long-existing gaps between the doping strategy guidelines for suitable crystalline phase and the surge of high Li^(+)conductivity for practical solid-state lithium batteries.展开更多
Due to advanced technology,electromagnet interference and dissipation problems in the electronic and portable devices at GHz range are increasing daily.Magnetic absorbing materials with outstanding electromagnetic pro...Due to advanced technology,electromagnet interference and dissipation problems in the electronic and portable devices at GHz range are increasing daily.Magnetic absorbing materials with outstanding electromagnetic properties,wide bandwidth,and strong absorption are highly desirable.The present investigation deals with the preparation of Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn(NMCZ)substituted nano ferrites with composition of Ni_(0.3)Mg_(0.2)Cu_(0.3)Zn_(0.2)X_(0.02)Fe_(1.98)O_(4)(X=Nd,Ho,Pr,Gd,Yb).X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),a vibratory sample magnetometer(VSM),and a Vector network analyzer(VNA)were used to investigate these rare earth-doped nanocrystalline ferrites'features.XRD reveals the single spinel phase structure in all Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites.FTIR spectroscopy shows the presence of tetrahedral and octahedral bands of spinel ferrites.FESEM images reveal the lowest agglomeration for the Ho-doped NMCZ nano-spinel ferrites sample.TEM images show the hexagon shapes of the Yb-and Nd-doped NMCZ ferrites.Pr-doped NMCZ ferrites show more coercivity than other rare earth metals substituted NMCZ nanocrystalline ferrites.VSM analysis was used to calculate the magnetic features like initial permeability,magnetic anisotropy constant,remanence,coercivity,and magnetic moment.High-frequency switching field distributions(SFD)analyses were also investigated.Magnetodielectric characteristics such as losses,permittivity,modulus,Q,ac conductivity,and impedance of the Nd^(-),Ho^(-),Pr^(-),Gd^(-),Yb-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites were evaluated.The minimum reflection loss(-57.3 dB)is found at 1.4 GHz for Pr-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrite absorber.However,the reflection loss(RL)of-53.9 dB at 2.9 GHz is observed for Ho-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrite absorber.Soft magnetization,low coercivity,outstanding magnetodielectric,and absorption properties of theNd^(-),Ho^(-),Pr^(-),Gd^(-)and Yb^(-)doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites are suitable candidates for absorption in telecommunication,defense,and technological industries.展开更多
With the rapid development of the nuclear power industry on a global scale,the discharge of radioactive e uents from nuclear power plants and their impact on the environment have become important issues in radioactive...With the rapid development of the nuclear power industry on a global scale,the discharge of radioactive e uents from nuclear power plants and their impact on the environment have become important issues in radioactive waste management,radiation protection,and environmental impact assessments.-detection of nuclides requires tedious processes,such as waiting for the radioactive balance of the sample and pretreatment separation,and there is an urgent need for a method specifically designed for mixing rapid energy spectrum measurement method for nuclide samples.The analysis of hybrid-energy spectrum is proposed in this study as a new algorithm,which takes advantage of the spectral analysis of-logarithmic energy spectrum and fitting ability of Fourier series.The logarithmic energy spectrum is obtained by logarithmic conversion of the hybrid linear energy spectrum.The Fourier fitting interpolation method is used to fit the logarithmic energy spectrum numerically.Next,the interpolation points for the‘e ective high-energy window’and‘e ective low-energy window’corresponding to the highest E_(m)nuclide in the hybrid logarithmic fitted energy spectrum are set,and spline interpolation is performed three times to obtain the logarithmic fitted energy spectrum of the highest E_(m)nuclide.Finally,the logarithmic fitted spectrum of the highest E_(m)nuclide is subtracted from the hybrid logarithmic fitted spectrum to obtain a logarithmic fitted spectrum comprised of the remaining lower E_(m)nuclides.The aforementioned process is iterated in a loop to resolve the logarithmic spectra of each nuclide in the original hybrid logarithmic spectra.Then,the radioactivity of E_(m)nuclides to be measured is calculated.In the experimental tests,^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y spectra,which are obtained using the Fourier fitting interpolation method are compared with the original simulated ^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y spectra of GEANT4.The measured liquid scintillator data of ^(90)Sr∕^(90)Y sample source and simulated data from GEANT4 are then analyzed.Analysis of the experimental results indicates that the Fourier fitting interpolation method accurately solves ^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y energy spectra,which is in good agreement with the original GEANT4 simulation.The error in ^(90)Y activity,calculated using the actual detection e ciency,is less than 10%and less than 5%when using the simulated full-spectrum detection e ciency,satisfying the experimental expectations.展开更多
The study investigated the influence of Ce alloying and cold rolling on the activation behavior of V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-based alloys.The activation conditions of single cold rolled(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-0.3)and single ...The study investigated the influence of Ce alloying and cold rolling on the activation behavior of V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-based alloys.The activation conditions of single cold rolled(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-0.3)and single Ce replaced(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)Ce_(1))samples were reduced from the origin-al two heat treatments to one heat treatment,and the incubation time was about 105 min.Unexpectedly,the two modification methods produce excellent synergistic effects that the co-modified sample(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)Ce_(1)-0.5)was activated at room temperature(25℃)without incubation period,and reached saturation capacity(4wt%)within 12 min.Further studies show that CeO_(2) formed through Ce doping,serves as an active site for hydrogen absorption,facilitating the passage of hydrogen atoms through the dense oxide layer on the surface of vanadium-based alloys.Upon the foundation of Ce doping,cold rolling leads to the aggregation of dislocations around CeO_(2) sites,thereby further establishing a hydrogen diffusion pathway from the surface into the bulk phase,thus significantly improving the activation performance of the alloy.This work establishes a robust basis for the practical engineering use of vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys.展开更多
BACKGROUND The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age(LGA).Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid met...BACKGROUND The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age(LGA).Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid metabolism significantly con-tributes to insulin resistance,a key pathophysiological mechanism in GDM.However,the correlation between various lipid indices and the probability of delivering LGA infants remains inconsistent.AIM To explore the relationships between lipid indices and the possibility of having LGA infants among GDM-affected pregnant females.METHODS Binary logistic regression methods were employed to evaluate the odds ratios and corresponding 95%confidence intervals for LGA according to five lipid indices.Restricted cubic spline models were applied to investigate dose-response relationships.The association between lipid indices and the risk of delivering LGA infants was further investigated among different subgroups.Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to assess the diagnostic performance of lipid indices.RESULTS Across crude and adjusted models,females with lipid indices in the upper two tertiles presented a markedly elevated risk of delivering LGA infants compared with the lowest tertile category.Conversely,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels demonstrated the contrary trend.Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed linear associations between the five lipid indices,except triglyceride levels,and the prevalence of LGA.The subgroup analysis highlighted that the correlation between lipid indices and the probability of LGA was inconsistent.The five lipid indices presented significant diagnostic efficacy,as indicated by receiver operating characteristic curve areas.CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that lipid indices were effective predictors of the incidence of LGA infants in GDM-affected pregnancies irrespective of potential confounding factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD),an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion,is characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations such as fatigue,abdominal pain,and nutritional deficiencies,often leading to...BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD),an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion,is characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations such as fatigue,abdominal pain,and nutritional deficiencies,often leading to substantial diagnostic delays.Prolonged delays(≥2 years from symptom onset)are associated with increased risks of complications like osteoporosis,small intestinal lymphoma,and reduced quality of life.AIM To estimate diagnostic delay prevalence and identify risk factors in Chinese CeD patients.METHODS We reviewed clinical records of 166 patients diagnosed with CeD from 2017 onward.Patient-attributed delays were measured from symptom onset to first consultation,while physician-related delays were measured from initial visit to diagnosis/treatment.Data on demographics,symptoms,time from onset to diagnosis,and laboratory results were analyzed.Logistic regression models were used to identify associations,while restricted cubic splines explored nonlinearities.Mediation analysis assessed the roles of intermediate factors in delayed diagnosis.RESULTS Delayed diagnosis(over 2 years from symptom onset)was observed in 42.2%of patients.Patients with diagnostic delay exceeding 5 years accounted for 18.7%.The mean interval from symptom onset to the first medical visit was 12.32 months,with an average of 20.57 months from the first visit to diagnosis.The time from first consultation to diagnosis significantly increased with prolonged delay(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that blood urea nitrogen(BUN)was an independent risk factor(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.01–1.65,P=0.038).A nonlinear association was observed between BUN and delayed diagnosis,with a threshold of 4.3 mmol/L;the risk significantly increased above this threshold(OR=1.39,P=0.04).Subgroup analyses indicated that the risk effect of BUN was stronger in females,non-classical CeD patients,Kazak ethnic group members,individuals without vitamin D deficiency/anemia,and those with MarshⅢpathology(all P<0.05).Mediation analysis revealed that folic acid deficiency and anemia mediated 11.9%(P=0.028)and 13.0%(P=0.044)of the effect of BUN on diagnostic delay,respectively.CONCLUSION Elevated BUN levels are independent predictors of diagnostic delay in CeD,with heterogeneity observed across gender,disease subtype,ethnicity,and pathological type.Clinicians should prioritize high-risk populations with BUN≥4.3 mmol/L,particularly female patients with non-classical CeD and Kazak individuals,to reduce diagnostic delay.展开更多
基金The APC of this article is covered by Research Grant YUTP 015LCO-526。
文摘This study aims to formulate a steady-state mathematical model for a three-dimensional permeable enclosure(cavity)to determine the oil extraction rate using three distinct nanoparticles,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and Fe_(2)O_(3),in unconventional oil reservoirs.The simulation is conducted for different parameters of volume fractions,porosities,and mass flow rates to determine the optimal oil recovery.The impact of nanoparticles on relative permeability(kr)and water is also investigated.The simulation process utilizes the finite volume ANSYS Fluent.The study results showed that when the mass flow rate at the inlet is low,oil recovery goes up.In addition,they indicated that silicon nanoparticles are better at getting oil out of the ground(i.e.,oil reservoir)than Al_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3).Most oil can be extracted from SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and Fe_(2)O_(3)at a rate of 97.8%,96.5%,and 88%,respectively.
基金This project is supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects(Grant No. G19990328) the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 10271025) also supported partly by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation o
文摘The convergence problem of the family of Euler-Halley methods is considered under the Lipschitz condition with the L-average, and a united convergence theory with its applications is presented.
基金supported by DST-FIST(Government of India)(Grant No.SR/FIST/MS-1/2017/13)and Seed Money Project(Grant No.DoRDC/733).
文摘This study numerically examines the heat and mass transfer characteristics of two ternary nanofluids via converging and diverg-ing channels.Furthermore,the study aims to assess two ternary nanofluids combinations to determine which configuration can provide better heat and mass transfer and lower entropy production,while ensuring cost efficiency.This work bridges the gap be-tween academic research and industrial feasibility by incorporating cost analysis,entropy generation,and thermal efficiency.To compare the velocity,temperature,and concentration profiles,we examine two ternary nanofluids,i.e.,TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O and TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O,while considering the shape of nanoparticles.The velocity slip and Soret/Dufour effects are taken into consideration.Furthermore,regression analysis for Nusselt and Sherwood numbers of the model is carried out.The Runge-Kutta fourth-order method with shooting technique is employed to acquire the numerical solution of the governed system of ordinary differential equations.The flow pattern attributes of ternary nanofluids are meticulously examined and simulated with the fluc-tuation of flow-dominating parameters.Additionally,the influence of these parameters is demonstrated in the flow,temperature,and concentration fields.For variation in Eckert and Dufour numbers,TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O has a higher temperature than TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O.The results obtained indicate that the ternary nanofluid TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O has a higher heat transfer rate,lesser entropy generation,greater mass transfer rate,and lower cost than that of TiO_(2)+SiO_(2)+Cu/H_(2)O ternary nanofluid.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071426,81873784Clinical Cohort Construction Program of Peking University Third Hospital,No.BYSYDL2019002(all to DF)。
文摘Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons.Early bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to bed.However,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is unclear.To address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.We used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.Multiple factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb involvement.The results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.These findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12371327)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0107).
文摘In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).Additionally,we establish the upper and lower bounds of these functions,factoring in the explicit error terms involved.Crucially,our findings reveal that a(n)and b(n)both satisfy several inequalities such as log-concavity,third-order Turan inequalities,and strict log-subadditivity.
基金supported by Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202306225)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(SDBX2023025)+2 种基金Leader of Scientific Research Studio Program of Jinan(No.2021GXRC082)University of Jinan Disciplinary Cross-Convergence Construction Projects 2023(Nos.XKJC-202301 and XKJC-202311)Jinan City-School Integration Development Strategy Project(Nos.JNSX2023015 and JNSX2023018).
文摘The rock-salt cubic SnSe compound with multiple valleys and inherent low thermal conductivity is considered to be a promising thermoelectric compound.In this study,heterogeneous Pb atoms were strategically introduced into the lattice of cubic SnSe matrix,synergistically adjusting the thermoelectric transport properties of samples by optimizing hole carrier concentration(n)and suppressing thermal conductivity(κ_(tot)).When the doping content reached 0.08 mol,the peak power factor(PF)at 300 K increased to 20.00μW·cm^(-1)·K^(-2).The growing internal microstrain induced by the differences in atomic size strengthened the phonon scattering and effectively reduced the lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(L)).With further decoupling of the electrical and thermal transport properties,a peak thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT)of 0.82 and an average ZT of 0.42(300-750 K)were achieved in the samples doped with 0.10 mol Pb.These findings highlight the effectiveness of the selected dopants and demonstrate their synergy in improving the performance of thermoelectric materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52303245)the Innovative Training/Entrepreneurial Program for Undergraduate(No.202410057057)the"Huacai"training special program of Tianjin University of Science and Technology
文摘Given the safety concerns and low energy density induced by liquid electrolytes,the interest in solidstate lithium metal batteries is rapidly growing.Among various solid electrolytes,garnet-type lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO) has attracted extensive attention due to its numerous advantages.This review systematically summarizes the intrinsic issues faced by unstable bare LLZO and the resolution strategy of metallic doping in the electrochemical application.It comprehensively discusses the doping arrangements for high ionic conductivity based on element types and gap filling using second phases/sintering aids for LLZO grains/pellets.Emphasizing diverse doping strategies for bulk LLZO,it relates to simulation and characterization findings along with novel synthesis approaches.By identifying the inherent scientific questionsof LLZO,this review bridges the long-existing gaps between the doping strategy guidelines for suitable crystalline phase and the surge of high Li^(+)conductivity for practical solid-state lithium batteries.
基金Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2024R42),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabiathe Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project(RGP2/387/44)。
文摘Due to advanced technology,electromagnet interference and dissipation problems in the electronic and portable devices at GHz range are increasing daily.Magnetic absorbing materials with outstanding electromagnetic properties,wide bandwidth,and strong absorption are highly desirable.The present investigation deals with the preparation of Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn(NMCZ)substituted nano ferrites with composition of Ni_(0.3)Mg_(0.2)Cu_(0.3)Zn_(0.2)X_(0.02)Fe_(1.98)O_(4)(X=Nd,Ho,Pr,Gd,Yb).X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),a vibratory sample magnetometer(VSM),and a Vector network analyzer(VNA)were used to investigate these rare earth-doped nanocrystalline ferrites'features.XRD reveals the single spinel phase structure in all Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites.FTIR spectroscopy shows the presence of tetrahedral and octahedral bands of spinel ferrites.FESEM images reveal the lowest agglomeration for the Ho-doped NMCZ nano-spinel ferrites sample.TEM images show the hexagon shapes of the Yb-and Nd-doped NMCZ ferrites.Pr-doped NMCZ ferrites show more coercivity than other rare earth metals substituted NMCZ nanocrystalline ferrites.VSM analysis was used to calculate the magnetic features like initial permeability,magnetic anisotropy constant,remanence,coercivity,and magnetic moment.High-frequency switching field distributions(SFD)analyses were also investigated.Magnetodielectric characteristics such as losses,permittivity,modulus,Q,ac conductivity,and impedance of the Nd^(-),Ho^(-),Pr^(-),Gd^(-),Yb-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites were evaluated.The minimum reflection loss(-57.3 dB)is found at 1.4 GHz for Pr-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrite absorber.However,the reflection loss(RL)of-53.9 dB at 2.9 GHz is observed for Ho-doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrite absorber.Soft magnetization,low coercivity,outstanding magnetodielectric,and absorption properties of theNd^(-),Ho^(-),Pr^(-),Gd^(-)and Yb^(-)doped Ni-Mg-Cu-Zn ferrites are suitable candidates for absorption in telecommunication,defense,and technological industries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12005026)。
文摘With the rapid development of the nuclear power industry on a global scale,the discharge of radioactive e uents from nuclear power plants and their impact on the environment have become important issues in radioactive waste management,radiation protection,and environmental impact assessments.-detection of nuclides requires tedious processes,such as waiting for the radioactive balance of the sample and pretreatment separation,and there is an urgent need for a method specifically designed for mixing rapid energy spectrum measurement method for nuclide samples.The analysis of hybrid-energy spectrum is proposed in this study as a new algorithm,which takes advantage of the spectral analysis of-logarithmic energy spectrum and fitting ability of Fourier series.The logarithmic energy spectrum is obtained by logarithmic conversion of the hybrid linear energy spectrum.The Fourier fitting interpolation method is used to fit the logarithmic energy spectrum numerically.Next,the interpolation points for the‘e ective high-energy window’and‘e ective low-energy window’corresponding to the highest E_(m)nuclide in the hybrid logarithmic fitted energy spectrum are set,and spline interpolation is performed three times to obtain the logarithmic fitted energy spectrum of the highest E_(m)nuclide.Finally,the logarithmic fitted spectrum of the highest E_(m)nuclide is subtracted from the hybrid logarithmic fitted spectrum to obtain a logarithmic fitted spectrum comprised of the remaining lower E_(m)nuclides.The aforementioned process is iterated in a loop to resolve the logarithmic spectra of each nuclide in the original hybrid logarithmic spectra.Then,the radioactivity of E_(m)nuclides to be measured is calculated.In the experimental tests,^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y spectra,which are obtained using the Fourier fitting interpolation method are compared with the original simulated ^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y spectra of GEANT4.The measured liquid scintillator data of ^(90)Sr∕^(90)Y sample source and simulated data from GEANT4 are then analyzed.Analysis of the experimental results indicates that the Fourier fitting interpolation method accurately solves ^(14)C,^(90)Sr,and ^(90)Y energy spectra,which is in good agreement with the original GEANT4 simulation.The error in ^(90)Y activity,calculated using the actual detection e ciency,is less than 10%and less than 5%when using the simulated full-spectrum detection e ciency,satisfying the experimental expectations.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ24E010003)the Baima Lake Laboratory Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LBMHY24E060004 and LBMHY24E060005)+1 种基金the Guangxi Major Science and Technology Program(No.AA24206007)Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2025C01171).
文摘The study investigated the influence of Ce alloying and cold rolling on the activation behavior of V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-based alloys.The activation conditions of single cold rolled(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)-0.3)and single Ce replaced(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)Ce_(1))samples were reduced from the origin-al two heat treatments to one heat treatment,and the incubation time was about 105 min.Unexpectedly,the two modification methods produce excellent synergistic effects that the co-modified sample(V_(70)Ti_(10)Cr_(20)Ce_(1)-0.5)was activated at room temperature(25℃)without incubation period,and reached saturation capacity(4wt%)within 12 min.Further studies show that CeO_(2) formed through Ce doping,serves as an active site for hydrogen absorption,facilitating the passage of hydrogen atoms through the dense oxide layer on the surface of vanadium-based alloys.Upon the foundation of Ce doping,cold rolling leads to the aggregation of dislocations around CeO_(2) sites,thereby further establishing a hydrogen diffusion pathway from the surface into the bulk phase,thus significantly improving the activation performance of the alloy.This work establishes a robust basis for the practical engineering use of vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys.
基金Supported by Nanjing Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation,No.YKK23151the Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory,No.JSHD202313+3 种基金Yingke Xinchuang Research Foundation of Jiangsu Blood Transfusion Association,No.JSYK2024006the Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through Science,Technology and Education,No.ZDXYS202210Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Nanjing Medical University,No.SKLRM-K202107the Jiangsu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Research Program,No.F202040.
文摘BACKGROUND The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age(LGA).Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid metabolism significantly con-tributes to insulin resistance,a key pathophysiological mechanism in GDM.However,the correlation between various lipid indices and the probability of delivering LGA infants remains inconsistent.AIM To explore the relationships between lipid indices and the possibility of having LGA infants among GDM-affected pregnant females.METHODS Binary logistic regression methods were employed to evaluate the odds ratios and corresponding 95%confidence intervals for LGA according to five lipid indices.Restricted cubic spline models were applied to investigate dose-response relationships.The association between lipid indices and the risk of delivering LGA infants was further investigated among different subgroups.Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to assess the diagnostic performance of lipid indices.RESULTS Across crude and adjusted models,females with lipid indices in the upper two tertiles presented a markedly elevated risk of delivering LGA infants compared with the lowest tertile category.Conversely,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels demonstrated the contrary trend.Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed linear associations between the five lipid indices,except triglyceride levels,and the prevalence of LGA.The subgroup analysis highlighted that the correlation between lipid indices and the probability of LGA was inconsistent.The five lipid indices presented significant diagnostic efficacy,as indicated by receiver operating characteristic curve areas.CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that lipid indices were effective predictors of the incidence of LGA infants in GDM-affected pregnancies irrespective of potential confounding factors.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang AutSupported by Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region,No.2023D01C76Central Government Guide Local Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project,No.ZYYD2024JD1。
文摘BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD),an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion,is characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations such as fatigue,abdominal pain,and nutritional deficiencies,often leading to substantial diagnostic delays.Prolonged delays(≥2 years from symptom onset)are associated with increased risks of complications like osteoporosis,small intestinal lymphoma,and reduced quality of life.AIM To estimate diagnostic delay prevalence and identify risk factors in Chinese CeD patients.METHODS We reviewed clinical records of 166 patients diagnosed with CeD from 2017 onward.Patient-attributed delays were measured from symptom onset to first consultation,while physician-related delays were measured from initial visit to diagnosis/treatment.Data on demographics,symptoms,time from onset to diagnosis,and laboratory results were analyzed.Logistic regression models were used to identify associations,while restricted cubic splines explored nonlinearities.Mediation analysis assessed the roles of intermediate factors in delayed diagnosis.RESULTS Delayed diagnosis(over 2 years from symptom onset)was observed in 42.2%of patients.Patients with diagnostic delay exceeding 5 years accounted for 18.7%.The mean interval from symptom onset to the first medical visit was 12.32 months,with an average of 20.57 months from the first visit to diagnosis.The time from first consultation to diagnosis significantly increased with prolonged delay(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that blood urea nitrogen(BUN)was an independent risk factor(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.01–1.65,P=0.038).A nonlinear association was observed between BUN and delayed diagnosis,with a threshold of 4.3 mmol/L;the risk significantly increased above this threshold(OR=1.39,P=0.04).Subgroup analyses indicated that the risk effect of BUN was stronger in females,non-classical CeD patients,Kazak ethnic group members,individuals without vitamin D deficiency/anemia,and those with MarshⅢpathology(all P<0.05).Mediation analysis revealed that folic acid deficiency and anemia mediated 11.9%(P=0.028)and 13.0%(P=0.044)of the effect of BUN on diagnostic delay,respectively.CONCLUSION Elevated BUN levels are independent predictors of diagnostic delay in CeD,with heterogeneity observed across gender,disease subtype,ethnicity,and pathological type.Clinicians should prioritize high-risk populations with BUN≥4.3 mmol/L,particularly female patients with non-classical CeD and Kazak individuals,to reduce diagnostic delay.
