The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to b...The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to be specialized for visual memory and the left medial temporal lobe for verbal memory （Tucker et al., 1988; Aegleton and Brown, 1999）.展开更多
Climate change significantly affects environment,ecosystems,communities,and economies.These impacts often result in quick and gradual changes in water resources,environmental conditions,and weather patterns.A geograph...Climate change significantly affects environment,ecosystems,communities,and economies.These impacts often result in quick and gradual changes in water resources,environmental conditions,and weather patterns.A geographical study was conducted in Arizona State,USA,to examine monthly precipi-tation concentration rates over time.This analysis used a high-resolution 0.50×0.50 grid for monthly precip-itation data from 1961 to 2022,Provided by the Climatic Research Unit.The study aimed to analyze climatic changes affected the first and last five years of each decade,as well as the entire decade,during the specified period.GIS was used to meet the objectives of this study.Arizona experienced 51–568 mm,67–560 mm,63–622 mm,and 52–590 mm of rainfall in the sixth,seventh,eighth,and ninth decades of the second millennium,respectively.Both the first and second five year periods of each decade showed accept-able rainfall amounts despite fluctuations.However,rainfall decreased in the first and second decades of the third millennium.and in the first two years of the third decade.Rainfall amounts dropped to 42–472 mm,55–469 mm,and 74–498 mm,respectively,indicating a downward trend in precipitation.The central part of the state received the highest rainfall,while the eastern and western regions(spanning north to south)had significantly less.Over the decades of the third millennium,the average annual rainfall every five years was relatively low,showing a declining trend due to severe climate changes,generally ranging between 35 mm and 498 mm.The central regions consistently received more rainfall than the eastern and western outskirts.Arizona is currently experiencing a decrease in rainfall due to climate change,a situation that could deterio-rate further.This highlights the need to optimize the use of existing rainfall and explore alternative water sources.展开更多
Stapes fracture causes hearing loss and instability in the middle ear hearing system(MEHS). The material used in the stapes reconstruction restores stapes, but the effects of the nonlinear material parameters on the s...Stapes fracture causes hearing loss and instability in the middle ear hearing system(MEHS). The material used in the stapes reconstruction restores stapes, but the effects of the nonlinear material parameters on the stability of the MEHS are still unknown. To address this challenge, the nonlinear dynamic response and stability of the stapes reconstruction are investigated using a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical model. The material parameters of the implant are tentatively determined by analyzing the natural frequencies of the undamped system. The dynamical properties of the MEHS are characterized under different external excitations. The approximate solution of the MEHS near the resonant frequency is derived through the multiple-time-scale method(MTSM). The results show that the nonlinear stiffness of the material has little influence on the MEHS in the healthy state, but it causes resonant phenomena between the ossicle and the implant in the pathological state.展开更多
基于英国东安格利亚大学Climatic Research Unit(简称CRU)气象格点数据集CRU_TS3.24,分析得出1916~2015年渭河流域100年间年季降水的趋势、突变、周期等变化特征,也从侧面检验了CRU格点数据的应用效果。结果表明近百年来:(1)渭河流域夏...基于英国东安格利亚大学Climatic Research Unit(简称CRU)气象格点数据集CRU_TS3.24,分析得出1916~2015年渭河流域100年间年季降水的趋势、突变、周期等变化特征,也从侧面检验了CRU格点数据的应用效果。结果表明近百年来:(1)渭河流域夏季和全年降水呈现不显著减少趋势(-1.73mm/10a和-0.82mm/10a),时间上降水的减少主要发生在夏季,空间上降水的减少主要发生在流域西部;(2)春季降水2个突变点分别为1991年、2009年,夏季降水2个突变点分别为1933年、1961年,全年降水的两个突变点分别为1933年、1968年,秋冬两季各存在5个突变点;(3)夏季与全年降水序列突变点识别结果表明采用CRU格点数据对渭河流域降水变化进行分析更为全面;(4)秋季与冬季降水序列的周期性比其他时段更加明显,四季与全年降水序列的第1主周期分别为19年、3年、13年、5年和18年,第2主周期分别为6年、7年、42年、12年和24年。展开更多
利用海河流域及其子流域漳河流域的实测站点资料,采用皮尔逊相关系数、均方根误差、平均绝对误差以及相对偏差作为评价指标,对CRU(climate research unit)数据降水产品的月尺度降水数据在海河与漳河流域的适用性进行评估分析,结果表明:...利用海河流域及其子流域漳河流域的实测站点资料,采用皮尔逊相关系数、均方根误差、平均绝对误差以及相对偏差作为评价指标,对CRU(climate research unit)数据降水产品的月尺度降水数据在海河与漳河流域的适用性进行评估分析,结果表明:CRU数据在海河子流域漳河流域的适用性好于整个海河流域,各项评价结果均达到预期期望;突变性与周期性规律检验结果与以往基于实测数据分析结果相符;从相关系数角度来看,应用于2个流域的CRU数据在1990年之前整体表现良好,但在1990年后海河流域的相关系数显著下降。综上CRU数据可应用于海河流域与漳河流域的气候变化背景下水文过程模拟与分析,但应用于海河流域实测站点数据的还原时,应充分考虑其年际表现不一的问题。展开更多
基金supported by Basic Science Research Pro-gram through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology,No.2012R1A1A4A01001873
文摘The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to be specialized for visual memory and the left medial temporal lobe for verbal memory （Tucker et al., 1988; Aegleton and Brown, 1999）.
文摘Climate change significantly affects environment,ecosystems,communities,and economies.These impacts often result in quick and gradual changes in water resources,environmental conditions,and weather patterns.A geographical study was conducted in Arizona State,USA,to examine monthly precipi-tation concentration rates over time.This analysis used a high-resolution 0.50×0.50 grid for monthly precip-itation data from 1961 to 2022,Provided by the Climatic Research Unit.The study aimed to analyze climatic changes affected the first and last five years of each decade,as well as the entire decade,during the specified period.GIS was used to meet the objectives of this study.Arizona experienced 51–568 mm,67–560 mm,63–622 mm,and 52–590 mm of rainfall in the sixth,seventh,eighth,and ninth decades of the second millennium,respectively.Both the first and second five year periods of each decade showed accept-able rainfall amounts despite fluctuations.However,rainfall decreased in the first and second decades of the third millennium.and in the first two years of the third decade.Rainfall amounts dropped to 42–472 mm,55–469 mm,and 74–498 mm,respectively,indicating a downward trend in precipitation.The central part of the state received the highest rainfall,while the eastern and western regions(spanning north to south)had significantly less.Over the decades of the third millennium,the average annual rainfall every five years was relatively low,showing a declining trend due to severe climate changes,generally ranging between 35 mm and 498 mm.The central regions consistently received more rainfall than the eastern and western outskirts.Arizona is currently experiencing a decrease in rainfall due to climate change,a situation that could deterio-rate further.This highlights the need to optimize the use of existing rainfall and explore alternative water sources.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12072222, 12132010,12021002, 11991032, and 12372019)the State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures of China (No. SKLTESKF1901)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. ASFC-201915048001)。
文摘Stapes fracture causes hearing loss and instability in the middle ear hearing system(MEHS). The material used in the stapes reconstruction restores stapes, but the effects of the nonlinear material parameters on the stability of the MEHS are still unknown. To address this challenge, the nonlinear dynamic response and stability of the stapes reconstruction are investigated using a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical model. The material parameters of the implant are tentatively determined by analyzing the natural frequencies of the undamped system. The dynamical properties of the MEHS are characterized under different external excitations. The approximate solution of the MEHS near the resonant frequency is derived through the multiple-time-scale method(MTSM). The results show that the nonlinear stiffness of the material has little influence on the MEHS in the healthy state, but it causes resonant phenomena between the ossicle and the implant in the pathological state.
文摘基于英国东安格利亚大学Climatic Research Unit(简称CRU)气象格点数据集CRU_TS3.24,分析得出1916~2015年渭河流域100年间年季降水的趋势、突变、周期等变化特征,也从侧面检验了CRU格点数据的应用效果。结果表明近百年来:(1)渭河流域夏季和全年降水呈现不显著减少趋势(-1.73mm/10a和-0.82mm/10a),时间上降水的减少主要发生在夏季,空间上降水的减少主要发生在流域西部;(2)春季降水2个突变点分别为1991年、2009年,夏季降水2个突变点分别为1933年、1961年,全年降水的两个突变点分别为1933年、1968年,秋冬两季各存在5个突变点;(3)夏季与全年降水序列突变点识别结果表明采用CRU格点数据对渭河流域降水变化进行分析更为全面;(4)秋季与冬季降水序列的周期性比其他时段更加明显,四季与全年降水序列的第1主周期分别为19年、3年、13年、5年和18年,第2主周期分别为6年、7年、42年、12年和24年。
文摘利用海河流域及其子流域漳河流域的实测站点资料,采用皮尔逊相关系数、均方根误差、平均绝对误差以及相对偏差作为评价指标,对CRU(climate research unit)数据降水产品的月尺度降水数据在海河与漳河流域的适用性进行评估分析,结果表明:CRU数据在海河子流域漳河流域的适用性好于整个海河流域,各项评价结果均达到预期期望;突变性与周期性规律检验结果与以往基于实测数据分析结果相符;从相关系数角度来看,应用于2个流域的CRU数据在1990年之前整体表现良好,但在1990年后海河流域的相关系数显著下降。综上CRU数据可应用于海河流域与漳河流域的气候变化背景下水文过程模拟与分析,但应用于海河流域实测站点数据的还原时,应充分考虑其年际表现不一的问题。
