This paper reports on the performance evaluation of a novel latching-type electromagnetic actuator which is designed to be embedded at selected joints along single-port laparoscopic surgical instruments (SLS). The aim...This paper reports on the performance evaluation of a novel latching-type electromagnetic actuator which is designed to be embedded at selected joints along single-port laparoscopic surgical instruments (SLS). The aim of this actuator is to allow these instruments to become articulated with a push of a button in order to provide the optimum angulation required during SLS operations. This new actuator is comprised of electromagnetic coil elements, soft magnetic frames and a permanent magnet. Unlike conventional electromagnetic actuators, latching-type electromagnetic actuators could maintain their positions at either end of the actuation stroke without any power application requirement. In the current design, magnetic attraction forces initiated between the permanent magnet and the magnetic frame are utilised to lock the position of the actuator whilst a certain angulation position of the actuator is achieved as a result of the magnetic repulsion forces established between the permanent magnet and the coil elements. The performance of the new actuator in terms of the output force, maximum angulation and patient’s safety, was evaluated experimentally and the results were found to compare well with those acquired numerically using finite element methods. This actuator was seen to exhibit sufficient actuation forces and hence, it was capable of providing adaptable angulation characteristics for SLS tools. Finally, thermal evaluation of the actuator’s operation was conducted, which was found to be within safety limits specified by clinicians.展开更多
The design of a new type of latching voltage comparator ZJ03 is described.Thecommon voltage comparators consist of multistage DC amplifiers,for which it is difficult to realizehigh speed and high precision.The ZJ03 co...The design of a new type of latching voltage comparator ZJ03 is described.Thecommon voltage comparators consist of multistage DC amplifiers,for which it is difficult to realizehigh speed and high precision.The ZJ03 comparator contains a controlled positive feedbackamplifier.Therefore,it is capable of realizing high speed and high precision.For improving theperformance and producibility,the tolerance extension,design centering and potential adaptingtechniques are used in the design of comparator ZJ03.展开更多
The latching control represents an attractive alternative to increase the power absorption of wave energy converters(WECs)by tuning the phase of oscillator velocity to the wave excitation phase.However,increasing the ...The latching control represents an attractive alternative to increase the power absorption of wave energy converters(WECs)by tuning the phase of oscillator velocity to the wave excitation phase.However,increasing the amplitude of motion of the floating body is not the only challenge to obtain a good performance of the WEC.It also depends on the efficiency of the power take-off system(PTO).This study aims to address the actual power performance and operation of a heaving point absorber with a direct mechanical drive PTO system controlled by latching.The PTO characteristics,such as the gear ratio,the flywheel inertia,and the electric generator,are analyzed in the WEC performance.Three cylindrical point absorbers are also considered in the present study.A wave-to-wire model is developed to simulate the coupled hydro-electro-mechanical system in regular waves.The wave energy converter(WEC)performance is analyzed using the potential linear theory but considering the viscous damping effect according to the Morison equation to avoid the overestimated responses of the linear theory near resonance when the latching control system is applied.The latching control system increases the mean power.However,the increase is not significant if the parameters that characterize the WEC provide a considerable mean power.The performance of the proposed mechanical power take-off depends on the gear ratio and flywheel.However,the gear ratio shows a more significant influence than the flywheel inertia.The operating range of the generator and the diameter/draft ratio of the buoy also influence the PTO performance.展开更多
This paper reports that the structures of AlGaAs/InGaAs high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） and AlAs/GaAs resonant tunnelling diode （RTD） are epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy （MBE） in turn on a G...This paper reports that the structures of AlGaAs/InGaAs high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） and AlAs/GaAs resonant tunnelling diode （RTD） are epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy （MBE） in turn on a GaAs substrate. An Alo.24Gao.76As chair barrier layer, which is grown adjacent to the top AlAs barrier, helps to reduce the valley current of RTD. The peak-to-valley current ratio of fabricated RTD is 4.8 and the transconductance for the 1-μm gate HEMT is 125mS/mm. A static inverter which consists of two RTDs and a HEMT is designed and fabricated. Unlike a conventional CMOS inverter, the novel inverter exhibits self-latching property.展开更多
瞬态抑制器(Transient Voltage Suppressor, TVS)是一类能将单个或连续的瞬态高电压电信号迅速抑制在安全范围内并保护与之相连电子系统的半导体器件的统称,被广泛应用于各类敏感电子系统的保护电路中。首先,结合前期研究成果,概括目前...瞬态抑制器(Transient Voltage Suppressor, TVS)是一类能将单个或连续的瞬态高电压电信号迅速抑制在安全范围内并保护与之相连电子系统的半导体器件的统称,被广泛应用于各类敏感电子系统的保护电路中。首先,结合前期研究成果,概括目前TVS器件在机载雷击与电磁脉冲防护方面的发展与技术瓶颈。其次,根据TVS器件能量等级、电压等级以及工作机理的差异,对不同TVS器件技术进行分类与总结,梳理TVS器件设计中的各类新结构与工艺创新。最后,针对未来航空航天设备更高的防护要求,从芯片材料、工艺与封装角度进行技术展望,提出可能的发展方向。展开更多
星载抗辐射多频多模导航器件单粒子效应(SEE)数据获取为器件能否在轨可靠使用提供重要参考。在介绍公司自研导航器件组成结构和抗辐照加固设计的基础上,通过设计专用试验板,在FPGA上进行DFT-SCAN、MBIST向量测试。利用重离子加速器完成...星载抗辐射多频多模导航器件单粒子效应(SEE)数据获取为器件能否在轨可靠使用提供重要参考。在介绍公司自研导航器件组成结构和抗辐照加固设计的基础上,通过设计专用试验板,在FPGA上进行DFT-SCAN、MBIST向量测试。利用重离子加速器完成空间单粒子辐照的地面模拟实验,以此确定导航器件的单粒子数据。通过实验数据计算得到导航器件SEE指标数据:抗单粒子锁定LET≥81.4 MeV·cm^(2)/mg,在GEO轨道、ADAMS 90%最坏环境模型、3 mm Al屏蔽条件下,器件SCAN链模式单粒子翻转概率为6.80×10^(-8)次/(天·位),SRAM模式单粒子翻转概率为5.61×10^(-11)次/(天·位),单粒子功能中断概率为5.75×10^(-5)次/(天·器件),为在轨航天器导航接收机使用提供依据和参考。展开更多
文摘This paper reports on the performance evaluation of a novel latching-type electromagnetic actuator which is designed to be embedded at selected joints along single-port laparoscopic surgical instruments (SLS). The aim of this actuator is to allow these instruments to become articulated with a push of a button in order to provide the optimum angulation required during SLS operations. This new actuator is comprised of electromagnetic coil elements, soft magnetic frames and a permanent magnet. Unlike conventional electromagnetic actuators, latching-type electromagnetic actuators could maintain their positions at either end of the actuation stroke without any power application requirement. In the current design, magnetic attraction forces initiated between the permanent magnet and the magnetic frame are utilised to lock the position of the actuator whilst a certain angulation position of the actuator is achieved as a result of the magnetic repulsion forces established between the permanent magnet and the coil elements. The performance of the new actuator in terms of the output force, maximum angulation and patient’s safety, was evaluated experimentally and the results were found to compare well with those acquired numerically using finite element methods. This actuator was seen to exhibit sufficient actuation forces and hence, it was capable of providing adaptable angulation characteristics for SLS tools. Finally, thermal evaluation of the actuator’s operation was conducted, which was found to be within safety limits specified by clinicians.
文摘The design of a new type of latching voltage comparator ZJ03 is described.Thecommon voltage comparators consist of multistage DC amplifiers,for which it is difficult to realizehigh speed and high precision.The ZJ03 comparator contains a controlled positive feedbackamplifier.Therefore,it is capable of realizing high speed and high precision.For improving theperformance and producibility,the tolerance extension,design centering and potential adaptingtechniques are used in the design of comparator ZJ03.
基金The authors acknowledge the support from the Brazilian Research Council(CNPq),contract numbers 380950/2018-9(INEOF-National Institute for Ocean and River Energy)and 305657/2017-8,respectivelySpecial thanks to FAPERJ for the support of the wave energy research at the Subsea Technology Lab(COPPE),contract number E-26/202.600/2019。
文摘The latching control represents an attractive alternative to increase the power absorption of wave energy converters(WECs)by tuning the phase of oscillator velocity to the wave excitation phase.However,increasing the amplitude of motion of the floating body is not the only challenge to obtain a good performance of the WEC.It also depends on the efficiency of the power take-off system(PTO).This study aims to address the actual power performance and operation of a heaving point absorber with a direct mechanical drive PTO system controlled by latching.The PTO characteristics,such as the gear ratio,the flywheel inertia,and the electric generator,are analyzed in the WEC performance.Three cylindrical point absorbers are also considered in the present study.A wave-to-wire model is developed to simulate the coupled hydro-electro-mechanical system in regular waves.The wave energy converter(WEC)performance is analyzed using the potential linear theory but considering the viscous damping effect according to the Morison equation to avoid the overestimated responses of the linear theory near resonance when the latching control system is applied.The latching control system increases the mean power.However,the increase is not significant if the parameters that characterize the WEC provide a considerable mean power.The performance of the proposed mechanical power take-off depends on the gear ratio and flywheel.However,the gear ratio shows a more significant influence than the flywheel inertia.The operating range of the generator and the diameter/draft ratio of the buoy also influence the PTO performance.
文摘This paper reports that the structures of AlGaAs/InGaAs high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） and AlAs/GaAs resonant tunnelling diode （RTD） are epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy （MBE） in turn on a GaAs substrate. An Alo.24Gao.76As chair barrier layer, which is grown adjacent to the top AlAs barrier, helps to reduce the valley current of RTD. The peak-to-valley current ratio of fabricated RTD is 4.8 and the transconductance for the 1-μm gate HEMT is 125mS/mm. A static inverter which consists of two RTDs and a HEMT is designed and fabricated. Unlike a conventional CMOS inverter, the novel inverter exhibits self-latching property.
文摘瞬态抑制器(Transient Voltage Suppressor, TVS)是一类能将单个或连续的瞬态高电压电信号迅速抑制在安全范围内并保护与之相连电子系统的半导体器件的统称,被广泛应用于各类敏感电子系统的保护电路中。首先,结合前期研究成果,概括目前TVS器件在机载雷击与电磁脉冲防护方面的发展与技术瓶颈。其次,根据TVS器件能量等级、电压等级以及工作机理的差异,对不同TVS器件技术进行分类与总结,梳理TVS器件设计中的各类新结构与工艺创新。最后,针对未来航空航天设备更高的防护要求,从芯片材料、工艺与封装角度进行技术展望,提出可能的发展方向。
文摘星载抗辐射多频多模导航器件单粒子效应(SEE)数据获取为器件能否在轨可靠使用提供重要参考。在介绍公司自研导航器件组成结构和抗辐照加固设计的基础上,通过设计专用试验板,在FPGA上进行DFT-SCAN、MBIST向量测试。利用重离子加速器完成空间单粒子辐照的地面模拟实验,以此确定导航器件的单粒子数据。通过实验数据计算得到导航器件SEE指标数据:抗单粒子锁定LET≥81.4 MeV·cm^(2)/mg,在GEO轨道、ADAMS 90%最坏环境模型、3 mm Al屏蔽条件下,器件SCAN链模式单粒子翻转概率为6.80×10^(-8)次/(天·位),SRAM模式单粒子翻转概率为5.61×10^(-11)次/(天·位),单粒子功能中断概率为5.75×10^(-5)次/(天·器件),为在轨航天器导航接收机使用提供依据和参考。
