The integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)with inverter interfaces has fundamentally reshaped power system dynamics,challenging traditional stability analysis frameworks designed for synchronous generator-domin...The integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)with inverter interfaces has fundamentally reshaped power system dynamics,challenging traditional stability analysis frameworks designed for synchronous generator-dominated grids.Conventional classifica-tions,which decouple voltage,frequency,and rotor angle stability,fail to address the emerging strong voltage‒angle coupling effects caused by RES dynamics.This coupling introduces complex oscillation modes and undermines system robustness,neces-sitating novel stability assessment tools.Recent studies focus on eigenvalue distributions and damping redistribution but lack quantitative criteria and interpretative clarity for coupled stability.This work proposes a transient energy-based framework to resolve these gaps.By decomposing transient energy into subsystem-dissipated components and coupling-induced energy exchange,the method establishes stability criteria compatible with a broad variety of inverter-interfaced devices while offering an intuitive energy-based interpretation for engineers.The coupling strength is also quantified by defining the relative coupling strength index,which is directly related to the transient energy interpretation of the coupled stability.Angle‒voltage coupling may induce instability by injecting transient energy into the system,even if the individual phase angle and voltage dynamics themselves are stable.The main contributions include a systematic stability evaluation framework and an energy decomposition approach that bridges theoretical analysis with practical applicability,addressing the urgent need for tools for managing modern power system evolving stability challenges.展开更多
This article focuses on the aggression of lightning overload on the equipment of the electrical network of sites where storm activity is very dense;and the electrocution of people located in the direct environment of ...This article focuses on the aggression of lightning overload on the equipment of the electrical network of sites where storm activity is very dense;and the electrocution of people located in the direct environment of the high-voltage substation during the flow of lightning current to the ground through the ground socket. The modeling of the flow circuit of the shock wave consisting of guard wire, lightning arrester and ground socket couple to the transformer of the high voltage substations, thanks to the approach of a servo block, led to the synthesis of a PID regulator (corrector) whose action is to reject the effects of the overvoltage on the network equipment and to significantly reduce or even cancel the effects of the step or touch voltage due to the distribution of the potential around the ground socket;and thus improve the quality of service of the high-voltage transmission and distribution electricity network, especially in stormy times.展开更多
随着分布式电源渗透率不断上升,多扰动耦合效应持续增强,新型配电网稳定性分析以及优化运行面临着巨大的挑战。对此,该文依据新型配电网节点电压方程建立多扰动耦合等值电路,并基于多扰动耦合等值电路的潮流可解性提出耦合电压稳定约束(...随着分布式电源渗透率不断上升,多扰动耦合效应持续增强,新型配电网稳定性分析以及优化运行面临着巨大的挑战。对此,该文依据新型配电网节点电压方程建立多扰动耦合等值电路,并基于多扰动耦合等值电路的潮流可解性提出耦合电压稳定约束(coupling voltage stability constraint,CVSC),以实现多扰动耦合影响下的电压稳定性量化约束;同时,通过Bonferroni不等式将CVSC和联合机会约束结合,提出耦合电压稳定联合机会约束(coupling voltage stability joint chance constraint,CVS-JCC);进一步,对CVS-JCC进行确定性转化,得到CVS-JCC的解析表达式,并提出考虑CVS-JCC的配电网优化运行方法,以提高配电网安全、稳定、经济运行能力;最后,通过浙江台州某配电网模型进行仿真实验,证明CVS-JCC的有效性以及不同场景下优化运行方法的先进性。展开更多
配电系统中无功负载的投切会使公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)电压发生波动。为了提高配电网的电压质量,该文详细分析了基于模块化多电平换流器的静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator-modular multilevel convert...配电系统中无功负载的投切会使公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)电压发生波动。为了提高配电网的电压质量,该文详细分析了基于模块化多电平换流器的静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator-modular multilevel converters,MMC-STATCOM)的PCC电压调节原理,采用带有无功电流指令值反馈环路的PCC电压下垂控制方法,根据输出无功电流指令乘以可控的变换器等效阻抗以实时修正PCC电压参考值。与传统的基于输出无功电流反馈值的下垂控制方法相比,该文提出的下垂调节方法不受电流内环控制性能的影响,PCC电压可以根据装置补偿容量与负载特性在可以接受的一定范围内波动。同时,MMC-STATCOM采用3个环路的均压控制策略以维持每个子模块的电容电压平衡。基于Matlab/Simulink平台的仿真结果,以及基于60 V/2 k VA实验样机的实验结果,验证了该文PCC电压下垂控制方法的正确性与有效性。展开更多
配电网静止同步补偿器(modular multilevel converter based distribution static synchronous compensator,MMC-DSTATCOM)因其快速的动态响应、高度模块化结构和易于扩展等优点已被广泛地应用于电能质量治理。文章首先分析了MMC-DSTAT...配电网静止同步补偿器(modular multilevel converter based distribution static synchronous compensator,MMC-DSTATCOM)因其快速的动态响应、高度模块化结构和易于扩展等优点已被广泛地应用于电能质量治理。文章首先分析了MMC-DSTATCOM的工作原理并建立其数学模型,采用平均电容电压控制、桥臂电容电压均衡控制和子模块电容电压均衡控制法实现直流电容电压平衡。针对解决PCC电压跌落和不平衡的问题,若基于PCC电压来提取补偿指令,可采用正、负序分离两套控制内环实现;若基于负载电流提取补偿指令,可采用PI加重复控制。最后进行了Matlab/Simulink仿真,并搭建了一台三相十二模块的MMC-DSTATCOM实验样机,仿真和实验结果均验证了MMC-DSTATCOM可以实现PCC电压支撑,且能有效抑制PCC电压不平衡。展开更多
In this paper, the three-dimensional （3D） coupling effect is discussed for nanowire junctionless silicon-on-insulator （SOI） FinFETs. With fin width decreasing from 100 nm to 7 nm, the electric field induced by the...In this paper, the three-dimensional （3D） coupling effect is discussed for nanowire junctionless silicon-on-insulator （SOI） FinFETs. With fin width decreasing from 100 nm to 7 nm, the electric field induced by the lateral gates increases and therefore the influence of back gate on the threshold voltage weakens. For a narrow and tall fin, the lateral gates mainly control the channel and therefore the effect of back gate decreases. A simple two-dimensional （2D） potential model is proposed for the subthreshold region of junctionless SO1 FinFET. TCAD simulations validate our model. It can be used to extract the threshold voltage and doping concentration. In addition, the tuning of back gate on the threshold voltage can be predicted.展开更多
In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction facto...In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF) can effectively reflect the interaction among DC systems. The paper theoretically analyzes the impact factors of MIIF like the electrical distances between two DC converter stations and the equivalent impedance of the receiving end AC system. By applying the Kirchhoff’s current law on the inverter AC bus, the paper deduces the analytical expressions for MIIF. From the expression, it is clear how the equivalent impedance of AC system and coupling impedance can affect MIIF. PSCAD simulations validate the effectiveness and the correctness of the proposed expression and some useful conclusions are drawn.展开更多
An approximate analytical model for calculating the pull-in voltage of a stepped cantilever-type radio frequency （RF） micro electro-mechanical system （MEMS） switch is developed based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam an...An approximate analytical model for calculating the pull-in voltage of a stepped cantilever-type radio frequency （RF） micro electro-mechanical system （MEMS） switch is developed based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam and a modified couple stress theory, and is validated by comparison with the finite element results. The sensitivity functions of the pull-in voltage to the designed parameters are derived based on the proposed model. The sensitivity investigation shows that the pull-in voltage sensitivities increase/decrease nonlinearly with the increases in the designed parameters. For the stepped cantilever beam, there exists a nonzero optimal dimensionless length ratio, where the pull-in voltage is insensitive. The optimal value of the dimensionless length ratio only depends on the dimensionless width ratio, and can be obtained by solving a nonlinear equation. The determination of the designed parameters is discussed, and some recommendations are made for the RF MEMS switch optimization.展开更多
High mobility quasi two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)found at the CaZrO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) nonpolar heterointerface is attractive and provides a platform for the development of functional devices and nanoelectronics.Here ...High mobility quasi two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)found at the CaZrO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) nonpolar heterointerface is attractive and provides a platform for the development of functional devices and nanoelectronics.Here we report that the carrier density and mobility at low temperature can be tuned by gate voltage at the CaZrO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) interface.Furthermore,the magnitude of Rashba spin-orbit interaction can be modulated and increases with the gate voltage.Remarkably,the diffusion constant and the spin-orbit relaxation time can be strongly tuned by gate voltage.The diffusion constant increases by a factor of~19.98 and the relaxation time is reduced by a factor of over three orders of magnitude while the gate voltage is swept from-50 V to 100 V.These findings not only lay a foundation for further understanding the underlying mechanism of Rashba spin-orbit coupling,but also have great significance in developing various oxide functional devices.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd under Grant 036000KC23090004(GDKJXM20231026).
文摘The integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)with inverter interfaces has fundamentally reshaped power system dynamics,challenging traditional stability analysis frameworks designed for synchronous generator-dominated grids.Conventional classifica-tions,which decouple voltage,frequency,and rotor angle stability,fail to address the emerging strong voltage‒angle coupling effects caused by RES dynamics.This coupling introduces complex oscillation modes and undermines system robustness,neces-sitating novel stability assessment tools.Recent studies focus on eigenvalue distributions and damping redistribution but lack quantitative criteria and interpretative clarity for coupled stability.This work proposes a transient energy-based framework to resolve these gaps.By decomposing transient energy into subsystem-dissipated components and coupling-induced energy exchange,the method establishes stability criteria compatible with a broad variety of inverter-interfaced devices while offering an intuitive energy-based interpretation for engineers.The coupling strength is also quantified by defining the relative coupling strength index,which is directly related to the transient energy interpretation of the coupled stability.Angle‒voltage coupling may induce instability by injecting transient energy into the system,even if the individual phase angle and voltage dynamics themselves are stable.The main contributions include a systematic stability evaluation framework and an energy decomposition approach that bridges theoretical analysis with practical applicability,addressing the urgent need for tools for managing modern power system evolving stability challenges.
文摘This article focuses on the aggression of lightning overload on the equipment of the electrical network of sites where storm activity is very dense;and the electrocution of people located in the direct environment of the high-voltage substation during the flow of lightning current to the ground through the ground socket. The modeling of the flow circuit of the shock wave consisting of guard wire, lightning arrester and ground socket couple to the transformer of the high voltage substations, thanks to the approach of a servo block, led to the synthesis of a PID regulator (corrector) whose action is to reject the effects of the overvoltage on the network equipment and to significantly reduce or even cancel the effects of the step or touch voltage due to the distribution of the potential around the ground socket;and thus improve the quality of service of the high-voltage transmission and distribution electricity network, especially in stormy times.
文摘随着分布式电源渗透率不断上升,多扰动耦合效应持续增强,新型配电网稳定性分析以及优化运行面临着巨大的挑战。对此,该文依据新型配电网节点电压方程建立多扰动耦合等值电路,并基于多扰动耦合等值电路的潮流可解性提出耦合电压稳定约束(coupling voltage stability constraint,CVSC),以实现多扰动耦合影响下的电压稳定性量化约束;同时,通过Bonferroni不等式将CVSC和联合机会约束结合,提出耦合电压稳定联合机会约束(coupling voltage stability joint chance constraint,CVS-JCC);进一步,对CVS-JCC进行确定性转化,得到CVS-JCC的解析表达式,并提出考虑CVS-JCC的配电网优化运行方法,以提高配电网安全、稳定、经济运行能力;最后,通过浙江台州某配电网模型进行仿真实验,证明CVS-JCC的有效性以及不同场景下优化运行方法的先进性。
文摘配电系统中无功负载的投切会使公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)电压发生波动。为了提高配电网的电压质量,该文详细分析了基于模块化多电平换流器的静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator-modular multilevel converters,MMC-STATCOM)的PCC电压调节原理,采用带有无功电流指令值反馈环路的PCC电压下垂控制方法,根据输出无功电流指令乘以可控的变换器等效阻抗以实时修正PCC电压参考值。与传统的基于输出无功电流反馈值的下垂控制方法相比,该文提出的下垂调节方法不受电流内环控制性能的影响,PCC电压可以根据装置补偿容量与负载特性在可以接受的一定范围内波动。同时,MMC-STATCOM采用3个环路的均压控制策略以维持每个子模块的电容电压平衡。基于Matlab/Simulink平台的仿真结果,以及基于60 V/2 k VA实验样机的实验结果,验证了该文PCC电压下垂控制方法的正确性与有效性。
文摘配电网静止同步补偿器(modular multilevel converter based distribution static synchronous compensator,MMC-DSTATCOM)因其快速的动态响应、高度模块化结构和易于扩展等优点已被广泛地应用于电能质量治理。文章首先分析了MMC-DSTATCOM的工作原理并建立其数学模型,采用平均电容电压控制、桥臂电容电压均衡控制和子模块电容电压均衡控制法实现直流电容电压平衡。针对解决PCC电压跌落和不平衡的问题,若基于PCC电压来提取补偿指令,可采用正、负序分离两套控制内环实现;若基于负载电流提取补偿指令,可采用PI加重复控制。最后进行了Matlab/Simulink仿真,并搭建了一台三相十二模块的MMC-DSTATCOM实验样机,仿真和实验结果均验证了MMC-DSTATCOM可以实现PCC电压支撑,且能有效抑制PCC电压不平衡。
基金supported by the Research Program of the National University of Defense Technology(Grant No.JC 13-06-04)
文摘In this paper, the three-dimensional （3D） coupling effect is discussed for nanowire junctionless silicon-on-insulator （SOI） FinFETs. With fin width decreasing from 100 nm to 7 nm, the electric field induced by the lateral gates increases and therefore the influence of back gate on the threshold voltage weakens. For a narrow and tall fin, the lateral gates mainly control the channel and therefore the effect of back gate decreases. A simple two-dimensional （2D） potential model is proposed for the subthreshold region of junctionless SO1 FinFET. TCAD simulations validate our model. It can be used to extract the threshold voltage and doping concentration. In addition, the tuning of back gate on the threshold voltage can be predicted.
文摘In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF) can effectively reflect the interaction among DC systems. The paper theoretically analyzes the impact factors of MIIF like the electrical distances between two DC converter stations and the equivalent impedance of the receiving end AC system. By applying the Kirchhoff’s current law on the inverter AC bus, the paper deduces the analytical expressions for MIIF. From the expression, it is clear how the equivalent impedance of AC system and coupling impedance can affect MIIF. PSCAD simulations validate the effectiveness and the correctness of the proposed expression and some useful conclusions are drawn.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51505089 and61204116)the Opening Project of the Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application Technology of Electronic Component Laboratory(Nos.ZHD201207 and 9140C030605140C03015)the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(No.2014J2200086)
文摘An approximate analytical model for calculating the pull-in voltage of a stepped cantilever-type radio frequency （RF） micro electro-mechanical system （MEMS） switch is developed based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam and a modified couple stress theory, and is validated by comparison with the finite element results. The sensitivity functions of the pull-in voltage to the designed parameters are derived based on the proposed model. The sensitivity investigation shows that the pull-in voltage sensitivities increase/decrease nonlinearly with the increases in the designed parameters. For the stepped cantilever beam, there exists a nonzero optimal dimensionless length ratio, where the pull-in voltage is insensitive. The optimal value of the dimensionless length ratio only depends on the dimensionless width ratio, and can be obtained by solving a nonlinear equation. The determination of the designed parameters is discussed, and some recommendations are made for the RF MEMS switch optimization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.92065110,11974048,and 12074334)。
文摘High mobility quasi two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)found at the CaZrO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) nonpolar heterointerface is attractive and provides a platform for the development of functional devices and nanoelectronics.Here we report that the carrier density and mobility at low temperature can be tuned by gate voltage at the CaZrO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) interface.Furthermore,the magnitude of Rashba spin-orbit interaction can be modulated and increases with the gate voltage.Remarkably,the diffusion constant and the spin-orbit relaxation time can be strongly tuned by gate voltage.The diffusion constant increases by a factor of~19.98 and the relaxation time is reduced by a factor of over three orders of magnitude while the gate voltage is swept from-50 V to 100 V.These findings not only lay a foundation for further understanding the underlying mechanism of Rashba spin-orbit coupling,but also have great significance in developing various oxide functional devices.
