Thick earth-rock filled embankment of large earthwork volume often occurs during the construction of expressways in mountainous and hilly areas. The compaction quality of earth-rock filled subgrade will directly affec...Thick earth-rock filled embankment of large earthwork volume often occurs during the construction of expressways in mountainous and hilly areas. The compaction quality of earth-rock filled subgrade will directly affect the settlement deformation and stability of the embankment after filled. Therefore, effective evaluation on the compaction quality of the earth-rock filled subgrade is an unsolved critical technical issue to control the construction quality of highway engineering. Based on the wave propagation and electrical resistivity characteristics of the earth and rock fillings, a theoretical model of the compaction quality detection by wave-electric field coupling imaging diagnostic method was established. Then, two filled subgrade models containing cavities and heterogeneous bodies respectively were make separately, and by the wave velocity testing and electrical resistivity testing, the wave-electric field coupling imaging diagnostic method was applied to these two model. The result shows that it is feasible to use the wave testing technique and the electrical resistivity testing technique for a diagnostic test of the subgrade compaction quality. Based on the abnormal areas reflected by the wave velocity imaging and electrical resistivity imaging results, we are able to analyze the scope and site of distress but not able to quantitatively evaluate the subgrade compaction quality. We can accurately qualitatively analyze the subgrade compaction quality based on the wave-electric field coupling calculation model of fill subgrade quality proposed by this paper.展开更多
Nanoparticles(NPs)are versatile tools in various applications,particularly in the biomedical fields.To understand their behavior within biological systems,it is crucial to measure their distributions in vivo,especiall...Nanoparticles(NPs)are versatile tools in various applications,particularly in the biomedical fields.To understand their behavior within biological systems,it is crucial to measure their distributions in vivo,especially as they interact with the immune system and excretory organs,to ensure their efficacy,safety,and clearance.Here,we demonstrate the unique capabilities of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)imaging for revealing the temporal redistribution of gold NPs(AuNPs)in key excretory organs.The quantitative and suborgan specific information available in LA-ICP-MS measurements indicate that positive AuNPs are more rapidly excreted through the hepatobiliary system of the liver than AuNPs having other surface charges.Using multielement image segmentation methods,we find that positive and zwitterionic AuNPs transition from the marginal zone of the spleen to the red pulp over time,indicating uptake by red pulp macrophages.In contrast,negative AuNPs redistribute more slowly,indicating different interactions with the immune system.Comparisons of high-resolution LA-ICP-MS images and fluorescence microscopy images on the same tissue sections reveal that positive AuNPs are excreted through the glomeruli of the kidney more effectively than are AuNPs with other charges.Overall,we demonstrate the power of LA-ICP-MS imaging for providing detailed information about AuNP fate at the suborgan level,which affords new insight into the interplay between surface chemistry and excretion pathways.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51279219 and Grant No.51609027)Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(Grant No.cstc2016jcyj A0016)
文摘Thick earth-rock filled embankment of large earthwork volume often occurs during the construction of expressways in mountainous and hilly areas. The compaction quality of earth-rock filled subgrade will directly affect the settlement deformation and stability of the embankment after filled. Therefore, effective evaluation on the compaction quality of the earth-rock filled subgrade is an unsolved critical technical issue to control the construction quality of highway engineering. Based on the wave propagation and electrical resistivity characteristics of the earth and rock fillings, a theoretical model of the compaction quality detection by wave-electric field coupling imaging diagnostic method was established. Then, two filled subgrade models containing cavities and heterogeneous bodies respectively were make separately, and by the wave velocity testing and electrical resistivity testing, the wave-electric field coupling imaging diagnostic method was applied to these two model. The result shows that it is feasible to use the wave testing technique and the electrical resistivity testing technique for a diagnostic test of the subgrade compaction quality. Based on the abnormal areas reflected by the wave velocity imaging and electrical resistivity imaging results, we are able to analyze the scope and site of distress but not able to quantitatively evaluate the subgrade compaction quality. We can accurately qualitatively analyze the subgrade compaction quality based on the wave-electric field coupling calculation model of fill subgrade quality proposed by this paper.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation,Grant CHE-2108044.
文摘Nanoparticles(NPs)are versatile tools in various applications,particularly in the biomedical fields.To understand their behavior within biological systems,it is crucial to measure their distributions in vivo,especially as they interact with the immune system and excretory organs,to ensure their efficacy,safety,and clearance.Here,we demonstrate the unique capabilities of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)imaging for revealing the temporal redistribution of gold NPs(AuNPs)in key excretory organs.The quantitative and suborgan specific information available in LA-ICP-MS measurements indicate that positive AuNPs are more rapidly excreted through the hepatobiliary system of the liver than AuNPs having other surface charges.Using multielement image segmentation methods,we find that positive and zwitterionic AuNPs transition from the marginal zone of the spleen to the red pulp over time,indicating uptake by red pulp macrophages.In contrast,negative AuNPs redistribute more slowly,indicating different interactions with the immune system.Comparisons of high-resolution LA-ICP-MS images and fluorescence microscopy images on the same tissue sections reveal that positive AuNPs are excreted through the glomeruli of the kidney more effectively than are AuNPs with other charges.Overall,we demonstrate the power of LA-ICP-MS imaging for providing detailed information about AuNP fate at the suborgan level,which affords new insight into the interplay between surface chemistry and excretion pathways.
