Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention...Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.展开更多
Purpose:Derivative chromosomes,resulting from complex structural rearrangements,pose significant challenges in prenatal diagnosis due to their unpredictable inheritance patterns and potential phenotypic consequences.T...Purpose:Derivative chromosomes,resulting from complex structural rearrangements,pose significant challenges in prenatal diagnosis due to their unpredictable inheritance patterns and potential phenotypic consequences.This study evaluates the efficacy of multiple genetic technologies-including karyotyping,fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),chromosomal microarray analysis(CMA),and next-generation sequencing(NGS)-in detecting and characterizing derivative chromosomes in prenatal samples.methodology:We analyzed 150 cases of suspected chromosomal abnormalities,comparing detection rates,resolution,and clinical utility across these methods.Results:Our findings demonstrate that integrated multi-technology approaches significantly improve diagnostic accuracy,with NGS-based structural variation analysis achieving the highest detection sensitivity(99.2%)for cryptic rearrangements.Conclusions:Additionally,long-read sequencing(PacBio/Oxford Nanopore)enabled precise breakpoint mapping in 92%of cases,facilitating more accurate genetic counseling.Clinically,this approach enhances risk assessment for fetal anomalies,guides pregnancy management,and improves parental counseling for recurrence risks.展开更多
Objective:This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of a targeted educational intervention on the awareness and practice of genetic screening and counseling among young adults in Calabar Municipality...Objective:This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of a targeted educational intervention on the awareness and practice of genetic screening and counseling among young adults in Calabar Municipality,Cross River State.Materials and Methods:Participants(aged 18-45)were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving structured health education or a control group receiving general health information.Stratified randomization was used between the groups.A sample size of 340 participants was recruited to detect a 20%difference in outcomes with 80%power.Data were collected using prevalidated questionnaires at baseline,immediately after the intervention,and at a 3-month follow-up.The intervention consisted of three weekly 90-min educational sessions covering genetics,the benefits of screening,and practical guidance on accessing genetic services.The primary outcomes were changes in awareness and practices related to genetic screening,with secondary outcomes focusing on attitudes and intentions toward genetic counseling.Results:Findings revealed that awareness of genetic screening was higher in the intervention group,with 65.9%of participants aware of early detection,compared to 59.4%in the control group,although the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.23).In terms of practice,42.9%of the intervention group and 40.0%of the control group engaged in genetic screening programs,with no significant difference(P=0.57).Logistic regression analysis highlighted that age,educational level,and knowledge of teratogens were significant predictors of genetic screening awareness.Participants aged 36 years and above were 1.52 times more likely to be aware(odds ratio[OR]=1.52,P=0.003),and those with tertiary education had nearly double the likelihood of awareness(OR=1.96,P<0.001).Conclusion:The study underscores the importance of targeted education in improving genetic screening awareness.展开更多
In recent years,college graduates have faced increasingly severe employment situations and multiple pressures,such as those from interpersonal relationships,academic studies,and employment.Psychological resilience,as ...In recent years,college graduates have faced increasingly severe employment situations and multiple pressures,such as those from interpersonal relationships,academic studies,and employment.Psychological resilience,as an essential ability for college students to cope with pressure,is crucial for their physical and mental health development.In this process,both mindfulness music therapy and group counseling have their unique characteristics and can continuously enrich the paths to enhance psychological resilience.This helps to strengthen graduates’psychological resilience,improve their social adaptability,and further enable them to grow into high-quality talents needed by society.Therefore,this article first analyzes the mechanisms of action of mindfulness music therapy and group counseling,and then elaborates on the paths through which they enhance college graduates’psychological resilience,aiming to provide some reference for relevant researchers.展开更多
The use of virtual reality to educate preoperative patients has a positive impact on nurses as well as patients undergoing treatment.It can help improve patient satisfaction and improve favorable outcomes by reducing ...The use of virtual reality to educate preoperative patients has a positive impact on nurses as well as patients undergoing treatment.It can help improve patient satisfaction and improve favorable outcomes by reducing patient anxiety and proving adequate knowledge about the procedure and possible outcomes to the patient.It also reduces burden on nursing staff and counsellors.Larger and more diverse cohort studies will help us understand the wider application of this tool on the patient population.It may be difficult to apply this tool on elderly patients with failing eyesight,multiple physical comorbidities.Also,there may be reduced acceptance of this modality by older nursing staff and practitioners who may prefer the traditional verbal version for counselling.We will benefit from a combined approach of using virtual reality apps with tradition one-on-one counselling to help alleviate patient concerns and improve patient and healthcare professional satisfaction.展开更多
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary, progressive muscular disorder inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern (Xp21). It typically manifests in childhood and follows a severe, rapid progression. Only mal...Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary, progressive muscular disorder inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern (Xp21). It typically manifests in childhood and follows a severe, rapid progression. Only males are affected, while females are usually carriers. Given the genetic nature of DMD, genetic counseling is an essential service for individuals affected by or at risk of carrying the disease. This service provides not only crucial medical information but also psychosocial support and ongoing management for both patients and their families. Since the discovery of the dystrophin gene in 1987, advancements in molecular genetics have made it possible to precisely identify the genes responsible for many neuromuscular diseases. These developments have revolutionized diagnosis, prognosis, and most importantly, genetic counseling, offering significant benefits for both patients and their families. To highlight the significance of these advancements, this case report focuses on a 10-year-old boy (Y) diagnosed with DMD. It emphasizes the familial nature of the disease, with Y’s two brothers, three cousins, and two maternal uncles also affected, underscoring the inherited pattern of DMD. This reinforces the critical need for early intervention, particularly in regions with high consanguinity, such as North Africa and the Middle East, where genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are even more essential. Additionally, the report explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and promising emerging treatments, including RNA-based therapies, which may play a key role in the future management of DMD. In light of the above, this study underscores the importance of prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling, particularly in regions like Morocco, where consanguinity rates are notably high. By focusing on preconception care and early genetic intervention, families can be better informed, leading to more effective disease management and support.展开更多
Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the subopt...Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.展开更多
Incorrect family behavior in caring for the dental and oral health of preschool-aged children can affect the incidence of dental caries in these children and can cause more serious health problems in the future if not...Incorrect family behavior in caring for the dental and oral health of preschool-aged children can affect the incidence of dental caries in these children and can cause more serious health problems in the future if not treated immediately,so it is important to find the right solution.This study aims to determine the effect of family counseling on dental and oral care for preschoolers.This study uses a narrative literature review method.Search articles using 5 databases(Pubmed,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,ProQuest,and Google Scholar)to search for articles with the keywords family counseling AND Oral health AND Early Childhood Caries AND Behavior Change AND Family and the article selection process refers to the Flow diagram of the PRISMA Statement 2020.The results showed that there were 7 articles analyzed in this study.The implementation of family counseling has a significant effect in increasing self-efficacy,knowledge,ability,and motivation of the family,as well as the behavior of the child,to reduce the risk of dental caries in preschool-age children,taking into account several conditions.It was determined that family counseling is effective in reducing the incidence of dental caries in preschool children.展开更多
Objective:To explore the impact of psychological counseling for underage medical students in clinical teaching.Methods:24 of the 48 underage medical students who were interned in our hospital from March 2023 to Februa...Objective:To explore the impact of psychological counseling for underage medical students in clinical teaching.Methods:24 of the 48 underage medical students who were interned in our hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were randomly selected to adopt the teaching management method of one-on-one psychological guidance as the observation group;the remaining 24 adopted the traditional teaching management method as the control group.The observation of the effects of psychological detachment on various aspects of underage medical students allows the determination of whether psychological detachment impacts clinical teaching.Results:The observation group’s theoretical examination scores,skill assessment scores,and departmental performance evaluation scale score excellence rate were higher than the control group’s,with P<0.05 being statistically significant.At the same time,the clinical teaching and teaching management ability of the hospital was also improved.Conclusion:Psychological guidance for underage medical students can not only improve the comprehensive quality of medical students but also improve the teaching level,which is conducive to improving the teaching effect,and it is a clinical teaching mode worth promoting.展开更多
Counseling people,particularly those in the military engaged in group living,who are in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge.Therefore,supporting the people in quarantine who are experiencing psy-cho...Counseling people,particularly those in the military engaged in group living,who are in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge.Therefore,supporting the people in quarantine who are experiencing psy-chological and interpersonal problems has become a new challenge in military mental health.This study’s primary concern was how to overcome the problems caused by physical quarantine.The study subject was a virtual coun-seling network and its operating experience during the quarantine period in Taiwan amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic.For soldiers who mainly live in groups,this study discussed how the virtual counseling network combined with the existing military support group to determine what influence the network had on peo-ple in quarantine.This study found that this group exhibited four types of experiences:togetherness,empathy,confidence,and belonging and cohesion.Such experiences are beneficial for group healing through mutual sup-port and companionship.Collective cohesion and psychological healing can be achieved through a virtual com-munity.This is worthy of attention,particularly in the pandemic or post-pandemic era.Physical isolation has become a fact of life,and such isolation is not just isolation from disease but also between regional boundaries.Counseling and support systems in virtual space or the operation of virtual teams must be considered for the future.展开更多
AIM To determine the clinical effectiveness of nutritional counseling on reduction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) severity, weight loss, metabolic and anthropometric indexes and liver enzymes.METHODS Fort...AIM To determine the clinical effectiveness of nutritional counseling on reduction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) severity, weight loss, metabolic and anthropometric indexes and liver enzymes.METHODS Forty-six adults with NAFLD received a 6-mo clinical and a dietary intervention(based on Mediterranean diet) carried out respectively by a gastroenterologist and a nutritionist with counseling license. The counseling process consisted of monthly meeting(about 45 min each). The effect of the treatment was evaluated monitoring liver enzymes, metabolic parameters, cardiovascular risk indexes, NAFLD severity [assessed by ultrasound(US)] and related indexes. All parameters were assessed at baseline. Biochemistry was also assessed at mid-and end-interventions and US was repeated at end-intervention.RESULTS The percentage of patients with steatosis grade equal or higher than 2 was reduced from 93% to 48% and steatosis regressed in 9 patients(20%). At the end of the treatment the end-point concerning the weight(i.e., a 7% weight reduction or achievement/maintenance of normal weight) was accomplished by 25 out of 46 patients(i.e., 54.3%). As far as the liver enzymes is concerned, all three liver enzymes significantly decrease during the treatment the normalization was particularly evident for the ALT enzyme(altered values reduced from 67% down to 11%). Several parameters, i.e., BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, AST, ALT, GGT, HDL, serum glucose, Tot-Chol/HDL, LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, AIP, HOMA, FLI, Kotronen index, VAI, NAFLD liver fat score and LAP, showed a significant improvement(P < 0.01) between baseline and end-treatment.CONCLUSION Outcomes of this study further strengthen the hypothesis that Med Diet and more active lifestyle can be considered a safe therapeutic approach for reducing risk and severity of NAFLD and related disease states. The proposed approach may be proposed as a valid and recommended approach for improving the clinical profile of NAFLD patients.展开更多
Chromosome abnormalities are one of the major causes of human infertility. In infertile males, abnormal karyotypes are more frequent than in the general population. Furthermore, meiotic disorders affecting the germ ce...Chromosome abnormalities are one of the major causes of human infertility. In infertile males, abnormal karyotypes are more frequent than in the general population. Furthermore, meiotic disorders affecting the germ cell-line have been observed in men with normal somatic karyotypes consulting for infertility. In both cases, the production of unbalanced spermatozoa has been demonstrated. Basically addressed to establish reproductive risks, fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） on decondensed sperm heads has become the most frequently used method to evaluate the chromosomal constitution of spermatozoa in carriers of numerical sex chromosome abnormalities, carriers of structural chromosome reorganizations and infertile males with normal karyotype. The aim of this review is to present updated figures of the information obtained through sperm FISH studies with an emphasis on its clinical significance. Furthermore, the incorporation of novel FISH-based techniques （Multiplex-FISH; Multi-FISH） in male infertility studies is also discussed. （Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7： 227-236）展开更多
The last two decades have seen continuous advances in prenatal ultrasonography and in utero magnetic resonance imaging. These technologies have increasingly enabled the identification of various spinal pathologies dur...The last two decades have seen continuous advances in prenatal ultrasonography and in utero magnetic resonance imaging. These technologies have increasingly enabled the identification of various spinal pathologies during early stages of gestation. The purpose of this paper is to review the range of fetal spine anomalies and their management, with the goal of improving the clinician's ability to counsel expectant parents prenatally.展开更多
Objective We aimed to elucidate the rates of repeat HIV testing and incident HIV diagnosis, and baseline CD4^＋ T cell count among individuals attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing （VCT） clinics in Wuxi, Ch...Objective We aimed to elucidate the rates of repeat HIV testing and incident HIV diagnosis, and baseline CD4^＋ T cell count among individuals attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing （VCT） clinics in Wuxi, China. Methods A repeat HIV testing within 12 months was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2014 and retested within 12 months. An incident HIV diagnosis was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2015 and had a subsequent positive result at any point by the end of 2015. Data on HIV testing and diagnosis among individuals attending 32 VCT clinics from 2013 to 2015 and HIV diagnosis from other clinical services in Wuxi, China, were retrieved. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with repeat HIV testing. Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with incident HIV diagnosis. Results From 2013 to 2014, 11,504 individuals tested HIV negative at their first recorded test, with 655 （5.7%） retesting within 12 months. Higher repeat HIV testing within 12 months was associated with male gender [adjusted odds ratio （a OR） = 1.7, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.4-2.2], risk behaviors [commercial heterosexual behaviors （a OR = 1.4, CI： 1.1-1.6）, male-male sexual behaviors （a OR = 3.7, CI： 2.7-4.9）], injection drug use （a OR = 9.9, CI： 6.5-15.1）, and having taken HIV tests previously （a OR = 2.0, CI： 1.6-2.4）. From 2013 to 2015, 1,088 individuals tested negative on HIV test at their visit and at ≥ 2 subsequent tests; of them 30 had incident HIV diagnosis. The overall rate of incident HIV diagnosis among all VCT individuals was 1.6 （95% CI： 1.1-2.1） per 100 person-years. Incident HIV diagnosis was associated with male gender [adjusted hazard ratio （a HR） = 8.5, 95% CI： 1.9-38.1], attending hospital-based VCT clinics （a HR = 7.8, 95% CI： 1.1-58.3）, and male-male sexual behavior （a HR = 8.4, 95% CI： 1.5-46.7）. Individuals diagnosed at VCT clinics had higher CD4＋ T cell count compared with those diagnosed at other clinical services （median 407 vs. 326 copies/mm3, P = 0.003）. Conclusion VCT individuals in Wuxi, China, had a low repeat HIV testing rate and high HIV incidence. VCT-clinic-based interventions aimed at increasing repeat HIV testing are needed to detect more cases at an earlier stage, especially among individuals at high risk for HIV infection such as men who have sex with men.展开更多
Patients with cardiovascular disease and their partners expect health care providers to provide sexual counseling to assist them in maintaining sexual quality of life. Evidence suggests however, that there is a gap in...Patients with cardiovascular disease and their partners expect health care providers to provide sexual counseling to assist them in maintaining sexual quality of life. Evidence suggests however, that there is a gap in integrating evidence into practice and that relatively few cardiac patients receive sexual counseling. This can result in negative psychological, physical, and quality of life outcomes for couples who may needlessly decide sexual activity is too risky and cease all sexual activity. Two scientific statements now exist that provide ample guidance to health care providers in discussing this important topic. Using a team approach that includes physicians, nurses, physical therapists, rehabilitation staff, and others is important to ensure that sexual counseling occurs throughout recovery. In addition, several trials using interventional approaches for sexual counseling provide insight into successful approaches for sexual counseling in practice. This article provides practical strategies and evidence-based approaches for assessment and sexual counseling for all cardiac patients and their partners, and specific counseling for those with ischemic conditions, heart failure, and implanted devices.展开更多
Objectives: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment causes development of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In Armenia, about 47% of previously-treated TB patients develop MDR-TB. This pilot intervention intended to e...Objectives: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment causes development of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In Armenia, about 47% of previously-treated TB patients develop MDR-TB. This pilot intervention intended to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of a family-based-counseling (FBC) that included a psychological component in terms of improved adherence of TB patients to treatment and reduced stigma of TB. Methods: Overall, 136 regular TB patients (55) and their family members (81) participated in a single 90-minute interactive counseling session conducted in each household by the team of professional psychologist and TB nurse. To evaluate FBC effectiveness, we administered baseline and follow-up surveys to 52 TB patients and their 57 family members in 2012 and compared treatment outcomes of the study participants with the national data for 2011 and 2013. Results: We found that the intervention substantially improved the mean knowledge score of TB patients (from 19.2 to 21.6, p Conclusion: The evaluation showed that a low-cost one-time family–based educational intervention with a psychological component can be effective in improving treatment outcomes of TB patients.展开更多
Given the overwhelming evidence that both alcoho consumption and smoking accelerate the progression of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-induced liver disease we evaluated the frequency of alcohol and smoking counseling of patie...Given the overwhelming evidence that both alcoho consumption and smoking accelerate the progression of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-induced liver disease we evaluated the frequency of alcohol and smoking counseling of patients with HCV-induced liver disease by their primary care internists and gastroenterologists.One hundred and twenty-three medical records of consecutive patients with HCV-induced liver disease referred by an internist to a gastroenterologist for its management were reviewed.Patient gender,race,history of and counseling against alcohol and tobacco use by a physician and a gastroenterologist were obtained A database was created using Microsoft Excel.There were 105 African-Americans,12 Caucasians and six patients of other races/ethnicities.Forty-six(37%)pa- tients were daily tobacco users and 34(28%)patients were daily alcohol consumers.There was a statistically significant difference in the frequencies of alcohol(P= 0.0002)and smoking cessation(P=0.0022)between gastroenterologists and internists.This study reveals that internists and gastroenterologists,alike,inadequately counsel patients with hepatitis C about tobacco and alcohol use.展开更多
Objective:To assess the proportion of caregivers of children and patients who received malaria prevention counseling from their healthcare provider at the time of outpatient malaria treatment.Methods:This was a descri...Objective:To assess the proportion of caregivers of children and patients who received malaria prevention counseling from their healthcare provider at the time of outpatient malaria treatment.Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 353 randomly selected adult patients and caregivers of children attending the general and paediatric outpatient clinics of a Nigerian hospital.An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on participants'sociodemographics and last malaria-episode characteristics.Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine factors associated with and predictors of receiving malaria-prevention counseling,respectively.Results:The mean age of the respondents was(33.6±9.6)years;they were predominantly females(257,72.8%).Most had at least secondary-level education(304,86.1%);the family size was mostly 1-6 persons in 202(57.2%)respondents.They were treated mostly by doctors 256(72.5%),but only 132(37.4%)received malaria prevention counseling.Educational-level(x2=5.42,P=0.02),family size(Fisher's exact,P=0.01),place of treatment(Fisher's exact,P=0.0002),pretreatment malaria test(x2=9.48,P=0.002),who prescribed treatment(Fisher's exact P=0.001),consultation time(x2=22.09,P<0.001),and previous demand for malaria prevention counseling(x2=36.59,P<0.001)were associated with receiving malaria prevention counseling.However,consultation time[Odd ratio(OR)=2.38,95%confidence interval(CI):1.28,4.40,P=0.006]and previous demand for malaria prevention counseling(OR=3.62,95%CI:2.15,6.10,P<0.001)were independent predictors of receiving counseling.Conclusions:The proportion of respondents that received malaria prevention counseling was surprisingly low.This offers opportunity for policy review towards improving the quality of outpatient malaria care through alternative strategies for giving malaria prevention information,especially in busy clinics where consultation time is constrained.展开更多
Objectives:This study aims to enhance researchers’and nurses’understanding of how to best support migrant patients with heart failure in self-care management.Previous research on self-care in heart failure patients ...Objectives:This study aims to enhance researchers’and nurses’understanding of how to best support migrant patients with heart failure in self-care management.Previous research on self-care in heart failure patients has highlighted its importance,particularly among migrant populations.Nurses play an important role in informing and engaging patients with chronic conditions like heart failure to support their active participation in self-care.However,nurses’experiences of providing self-care counseling to migrant populations with heart failure have not been studied.Methods:A qualitative study was conducted.Nurses working with migrant patients with HF(n?13)from different types of facility in Western Sweden were interviewed between October and December 2020.Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.Results:The main theme that emerged from the interviews was the difficulty for nurses“to find balance”in self-care counseling.The nurses during self-care counseling had:“to accept challenges,”“to use creative strategies,”faced“problems related to health literacy,”and“to work according to their(the nurses’)obligations.”It was evident that nurses faced several challenges in counseling migrants in self-care,including language and cultural barriers,time resource constraints,low levels of health literacy,and experienced disharmony between the law and their professional norms.They perceived building caring relationships with their patients to be crucial to fostering health-promoting self-care processes.Conclusions:To increase self-care adherence,nurses must become more sensitive to cultural differences and adapt self-care counseling to patients’health literacy.The findings of this research support and challenge nurses in providing the best counsel to migrant patients with heart failure living in Sweden’s multi-ethnic society.Policymakers in the health care organization should act to facilitate mutual cultural understanding between all involved partners for patient-safe self-care counseling.展开更多
文摘Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.
文摘Purpose:Derivative chromosomes,resulting from complex structural rearrangements,pose significant challenges in prenatal diagnosis due to their unpredictable inheritance patterns and potential phenotypic consequences.This study evaluates the efficacy of multiple genetic technologies-including karyotyping,fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),chromosomal microarray analysis(CMA),and next-generation sequencing(NGS)-in detecting and characterizing derivative chromosomes in prenatal samples.methodology:We analyzed 150 cases of suspected chromosomal abnormalities,comparing detection rates,resolution,and clinical utility across these methods.Results:Our findings demonstrate that integrated multi-technology approaches significantly improve diagnostic accuracy,with NGS-based structural variation analysis achieving the highest detection sensitivity(99.2%)for cryptic rearrangements.Conclusions:Additionally,long-read sequencing(PacBio/Oxford Nanopore)enabled precise breakpoint mapping in 92%of cases,facilitating more accurate genetic counseling.Clinically,this approach enhances risk assessment for fetal anomalies,guides pregnancy management,and improves parental counseling for recurrence risks.
文摘Objective:This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of a targeted educational intervention on the awareness and practice of genetic screening and counseling among young adults in Calabar Municipality,Cross River State.Materials and Methods:Participants(aged 18-45)were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving structured health education or a control group receiving general health information.Stratified randomization was used between the groups.A sample size of 340 participants was recruited to detect a 20%difference in outcomes with 80%power.Data were collected using prevalidated questionnaires at baseline,immediately after the intervention,and at a 3-month follow-up.The intervention consisted of three weekly 90-min educational sessions covering genetics,the benefits of screening,and practical guidance on accessing genetic services.The primary outcomes were changes in awareness and practices related to genetic screening,with secondary outcomes focusing on attitudes and intentions toward genetic counseling.Results:Findings revealed that awareness of genetic screening was higher in the intervention group,with 65.9%of participants aware of early detection,compared to 59.4%in the control group,although the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.23).In terms of practice,42.9%of the intervention group and 40.0%of the control group engaged in genetic screening programs,with no significant difference(P=0.57).Logistic regression analysis highlighted that age,educational level,and knowledge of teratogens were significant predictors of genetic screening awareness.Participants aged 36 years and above were 1.52 times more likely to be aware(odds ratio[OR]=1.52,P=0.003),and those with tertiary education had nearly double the likelihood of awareness(OR=1.96,P<0.001).Conclusion:The study underscores the importance of targeted education in improving genetic screening awareness.
基金The 2024 annual project of the"14th Five-Year Plan"for Educational Science in Hunan Province,titled"Research on the Impact of Mindfulness-Based Music Therapy on the Mental Health of University Graduates",with project number XJK24CTW011.
文摘In recent years,college graduates have faced increasingly severe employment situations and multiple pressures,such as those from interpersonal relationships,academic studies,and employment.Psychological resilience,as an essential ability for college students to cope with pressure,is crucial for their physical and mental health development.In this process,both mindfulness music therapy and group counseling have their unique characteristics and can continuously enrich the paths to enhance psychological resilience.This helps to strengthen graduates’psychological resilience,improve their social adaptability,and further enable them to grow into high-quality talents needed by society.Therefore,this article first analyzes the mechanisms of action of mindfulness music therapy and group counseling,and then elaborates on the paths through which they enhance college graduates’psychological resilience,aiming to provide some reference for relevant researchers.
文摘The use of virtual reality to educate preoperative patients has a positive impact on nurses as well as patients undergoing treatment.It can help improve patient satisfaction and improve favorable outcomes by reducing patient anxiety and proving adequate knowledge about the procedure and possible outcomes to the patient.It also reduces burden on nursing staff and counsellors.Larger and more diverse cohort studies will help us understand the wider application of this tool on the patient population.It may be difficult to apply this tool on elderly patients with failing eyesight,multiple physical comorbidities.Also,there may be reduced acceptance of this modality by older nursing staff and practitioners who may prefer the traditional verbal version for counselling.We will benefit from a combined approach of using virtual reality apps with tradition one-on-one counselling to help alleviate patient concerns and improve patient and healthcare professional satisfaction.
文摘Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary, progressive muscular disorder inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern (Xp21). It typically manifests in childhood and follows a severe, rapid progression. Only males are affected, while females are usually carriers. Given the genetic nature of DMD, genetic counseling is an essential service for individuals affected by or at risk of carrying the disease. This service provides not only crucial medical information but also psychosocial support and ongoing management for both patients and their families. Since the discovery of the dystrophin gene in 1987, advancements in molecular genetics have made it possible to precisely identify the genes responsible for many neuromuscular diseases. These developments have revolutionized diagnosis, prognosis, and most importantly, genetic counseling, offering significant benefits for both patients and their families. To highlight the significance of these advancements, this case report focuses on a 10-year-old boy (Y) diagnosed with DMD. It emphasizes the familial nature of the disease, with Y’s two brothers, three cousins, and two maternal uncles also affected, underscoring the inherited pattern of DMD. This reinforces the critical need for early intervention, particularly in regions with high consanguinity, such as North Africa and the Middle East, where genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are even more essential. Additionally, the report explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and promising emerging treatments, including RNA-based therapies, which may play a key role in the future management of DMD. In light of the above, this study underscores the importance of prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling, particularly in regions like Morocco, where consanguinity rates are notably high. By focusing on preconception care and early genetic intervention, families can be better informed, leading to more effective disease management and support.
基金supported by“Regional Innovation Strategy(RIS)”through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(MOE)(2021RIS-004)supported by the Technology Development Program(S3230339)funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups(MSS,Korea).
文摘Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.
基金Research Group“Family Health Care Studies”to facilitate research activities.Faculty of Nursing,Universitas Jember for supporting research.
文摘Incorrect family behavior in caring for the dental and oral health of preschool-aged children can affect the incidence of dental caries in these children and can cause more serious health problems in the future if not treated immediately,so it is important to find the right solution.This study aims to determine the effect of family counseling on dental and oral care for preschoolers.This study uses a narrative literature review method.Search articles using 5 databases(Pubmed,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,ProQuest,and Google Scholar)to search for articles with the keywords family counseling AND Oral health AND Early Childhood Caries AND Behavior Change AND Family and the article selection process refers to the Flow diagram of the PRISMA Statement 2020.The results showed that there were 7 articles analyzed in this study.The implementation of family counseling has a significant effect in increasing self-efficacy,knowledge,ability,and motivation of the family,as well as the behavior of the child,to reduce the risk of dental caries in preschool-age children,taking into account several conditions.It was determined that family counseling is effective in reducing the incidence of dental caries in preschool children.
基金Sichuan Hospital Association 2023 Special Project on Research in County Hospitals(Project No.:2023GL015)。
文摘Objective:To explore the impact of psychological counseling for underage medical students in clinical teaching.Methods:24 of the 48 underage medical students who were interned in our hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were randomly selected to adopt the teaching management method of one-on-one psychological guidance as the observation group;the remaining 24 adopted the traditional teaching management method as the control group.The observation of the effects of psychological detachment on various aspects of underage medical students allows the determination of whether psychological detachment impacts clinical teaching.Results:The observation group’s theoretical examination scores,skill assessment scores,and departmental performance evaluation scale score excellence rate were higher than the control group’s,with P<0.05 being statistically significant.At the same time,the clinical teaching and teaching management ability of the hospital was also improved.Conclusion:Psychological guidance for underage medical students can not only improve the comprehensive quality of medical students but also improve the teaching level,which is conducive to improving the teaching effect,and it is a clinical teaching mode worth promoting.
文摘Counseling people,particularly those in the military engaged in group living,who are in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge.Therefore,supporting the people in quarantine who are experiencing psy-chological and interpersonal problems has become a new challenge in military mental health.This study’s primary concern was how to overcome the problems caused by physical quarantine.The study subject was a virtual coun-seling network and its operating experience during the quarantine period in Taiwan amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic.For soldiers who mainly live in groups,this study discussed how the virtual counseling network combined with the existing military support group to determine what influence the network had on peo-ple in quarantine.This study found that this group exhibited four types of experiences:togetherness,empathy,confidence,and belonging and cohesion.Such experiences are beneficial for group healing through mutual sup-port and companionship.Collective cohesion and psychological healing can be achieved through a virtual com-munity.This is worthy of attention,particularly in the pandemic or post-pandemic era.Physical isolation has become a fact of life,and such isolation is not just isolation from disease but also between regional boundaries.Counseling and support systems in virtual space or the operation of virtual teams must be considered for the future.
基金Supported by Fondo per gli Investimenti della Ricerca di Base,No.RBAP10MY35_002Ente Cassa di Risparmio di FirenzeFior Gen ONLUS to Galli A
文摘AIM To determine the clinical effectiveness of nutritional counseling on reduction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) severity, weight loss, metabolic and anthropometric indexes and liver enzymes.METHODS Forty-six adults with NAFLD received a 6-mo clinical and a dietary intervention(based on Mediterranean diet) carried out respectively by a gastroenterologist and a nutritionist with counseling license. The counseling process consisted of monthly meeting(about 45 min each). The effect of the treatment was evaluated monitoring liver enzymes, metabolic parameters, cardiovascular risk indexes, NAFLD severity [assessed by ultrasound(US)] and related indexes. All parameters were assessed at baseline. Biochemistry was also assessed at mid-and end-interventions and US was repeated at end-intervention.RESULTS The percentage of patients with steatosis grade equal or higher than 2 was reduced from 93% to 48% and steatosis regressed in 9 patients(20%). At the end of the treatment the end-point concerning the weight(i.e., a 7% weight reduction or achievement/maintenance of normal weight) was accomplished by 25 out of 46 patients(i.e., 54.3%). As far as the liver enzymes is concerned, all three liver enzymes significantly decrease during the treatment the normalization was particularly evident for the ALT enzyme(altered values reduced from 67% down to 11%). Several parameters, i.e., BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, AST, ALT, GGT, HDL, serum glucose, Tot-Chol/HDL, LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, AIP, HOMA, FLI, Kotronen index, VAI, NAFLD liver fat score and LAP, showed a significant improvement(P < 0.01) between baseline and end-treatment.CONCLUSION Outcomes of this study further strengthen the hypothesis that Med Diet and more active lifestyle can be considered a safe therapeutic approach for reducing risk and severity of NAFLD and related disease states. The proposed approach may be proposed as a valid and recommended approach for improving the clinical profile of NAFLD patients.
文摘Chromosome abnormalities are one of the major causes of human infertility. In infertile males, abnormal karyotypes are more frequent than in the general population. Furthermore, meiotic disorders affecting the germ cell-line have been observed in men with normal somatic karyotypes consulting for infertility. In both cases, the production of unbalanced spermatozoa has been demonstrated. Basically addressed to establish reproductive risks, fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） on decondensed sperm heads has become the most frequently used method to evaluate the chromosomal constitution of spermatozoa in carriers of numerical sex chromosome abnormalities, carriers of structural chromosome reorganizations and infertile males with normal karyotype. The aim of this review is to present updated figures of the information obtained through sperm FISH studies with an emphasis on its clinical significance. Furthermore, the incorporation of novel FISH-based techniques （Multiplex-FISH; Multi-FISH） in male infertility studies is also discussed. （Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7： 227-236）
文摘The last two decades have seen continuous advances in prenatal ultrasonography and in utero magnetic resonance imaging. These technologies have increasingly enabled the identification of various spinal pathologies during early stages of gestation. The purpose of this paper is to review the range of fetal spine anomalies and their management, with the goal of improving the clinician's ability to counsel expectant parents prenatally.
基金supported by the Wuxi Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission[MS201613,QNRC033,ZDXK009]Wuxi Municipal Bureau on Science and Technology[CSZ0N1512]Early Career Fellowship from Australian National Health and Medical Research Commission[APP1092621]
文摘Objective We aimed to elucidate the rates of repeat HIV testing and incident HIV diagnosis, and baseline CD4^＋ T cell count among individuals attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing （VCT） clinics in Wuxi, China. Methods A repeat HIV testing within 12 months was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2014 and retested within 12 months. An incident HIV diagnosis was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2015 and had a subsequent positive result at any point by the end of 2015. Data on HIV testing and diagnosis among individuals attending 32 VCT clinics from 2013 to 2015 and HIV diagnosis from other clinical services in Wuxi, China, were retrieved. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with repeat HIV testing. Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with incident HIV diagnosis. Results From 2013 to 2014, 11,504 individuals tested HIV negative at their first recorded test, with 655 （5.7%） retesting within 12 months. Higher repeat HIV testing within 12 months was associated with male gender [adjusted odds ratio （a OR） = 1.7, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.4-2.2], risk behaviors [commercial heterosexual behaviors （a OR = 1.4, CI： 1.1-1.6）, male-male sexual behaviors （a OR = 3.7, CI： 2.7-4.9）], injection drug use （a OR = 9.9, CI： 6.5-15.1）, and having taken HIV tests previously （a OR = 2.0, CI： 1.6-2.4）. From 2013 to 2015, 1,088 individuals tested negative on HIV test at their visit and at ≥ 2 subsequent tests; of them 30 had incident HIV diagnosis. The overall rate of incident HIV diagnosis among all VCT individuals was 1.6 （95% CI： 1.1-2.1） per 100 person-years. Incident HIV diagnosis was associated with male gender [adjusted hazard ratio （a HR） = 8.5, 95% CI： 1.9-38.1], attending hospital-based VCT clinics （a HR = 7.8, 95% CI： 1.1-58.3）, and male-male sexual behavior （a HR = 8.4, 95% CI： 1.5-46.7）. Individuals diagnosed at VCT clinics had higher CD4＋ T cell count compared with those diagnosed at other clinical services （median 407 vs. 326 copies/mm3, P = 0.003）. Conclusion VCT individuals in Wuxi, China, had a low repeat HIV testing rate and high HIV incidence. VCT-clinic-based interventions aimed at increasing repeat HIV testing are needed to detect more cases at an earlier stage, especially among individuals at high risk for HIV infection such as men who have sex with men.
文摘Patients with cardiovascular disease and their partners expect health care providers to provide sexual counseling to assist them in maintaining sexual quality of life. Evidence suggests however, that there is a gap in integrating evidence into practice and that relatively few cardiac patients receive sexual counseling. This can result in negative psychological, physical, and quality of life outcomes for couples who may needlessly decide sexual activity is too risky and cease all sexual activity. Two scientific statements now exist that provide ample guidance to health care providers in discussing this important topic. Using a team approach that includes physicians, nurses, physical therapists, rehabilitation staff, and others is important to ensure that sexual counseling occurs throughout recovery. In addition, several trials using interventional approaches for sexual counseling provide insight into successful approaches for sexual counseling in practice. This article provides practical strategies and evidence-based approaches for assessment and sexual counseling for all cardiac patients and their partners, and specific counseling for those with ischemic conditions, heart failure, and implanted devices.
文摘Objectives: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment causes development of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In Armenia, about 47% of previously-treated TB patients develop MDR-TB. This pilot intervention intended to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of a family-based-counseling (FBC) that included a psychological component in terms of improved adherence of TB patients to treatment and reduced stigma of TB. Methods: Overall, 136 regular TB patients (55) and their family members (81) participated in a single 90-minute interactive counseling session conducted in each household by the team of professional psychologist and TB nurse. To evaluate FBC effectiveness, we administered baseline and follow-up surveys to 52 TB patients and their 57 family members in 2012 and compared treatment outcomes of the study participants with the national data for 2011 and 2013. Results: We found that the intervention substantially improved the mean knowledge score of TB patients (from 19.2 to 21.6, p Conclusion: The evaluation showed that a low-cost one-time family–based educational intervention with a psychological component can be effective in improving treatment outcomes of TB patients.
文摘Given the overwhelming evidence that both alcoho consumption and smoking accelerate the progression of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-induced liver disease we evaluated the frequency of alcohol and smoking counseling of patients with HCV-induced liver disease by their primary care internists and gastroenterologists.One hundred and twenty-three medical records of consecutive patients with HCV-induced liver disease referred by an internist to a gastroenterologist for its management were reviewed.Patient gender,race,history of and counseling against alcohol and tobacco use by a physician and a gastroenterologist were obtained A database was created using Microsoft Excel.There were 105 African-Americans,12 Caucasians and six patients of other races/ethnicities.Forty-six(37%)pa- tients were daily tobacco users and 34(28%)patients were daily alcohol consumers.There was a statistically significant difference in the frequencies of alcohol(P= 0.0002)and smoking cessation(P=0.0022)between gastroenterologists and internists.This study reveals that internists and gastroenterologists,alike,inadequately counsel patients with hepatitis C about tobacco and alcohol use.
文摘Objective:To assess the proportion of caregivers of children and patients who received malaria prevention counseling from their healthcare provider at the time of outpatient malaria treatment.Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 353 randomly selected adult patients and caregivers of children attending the general and paediatric outpatient clinics of a Nigerian hospital.An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on participants'sociodemographics and last malaria-episode characteristics.Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine factors associated with and predictors of receiving malaria-prevention counseling,respectively.Results:The mean age of the respondents was(33.6±9.6)years;they were predominantly females(257,72.8%).Most had at least secondary-level education(304,86.1%);the family size was mostly 1-6 persons in 202(57.2%)respondents.They were treated mostly by doctors 256(72.5%),but only 132(37.4%)received malaria prevention counseling.Educational-level(x2=5.42,P=0.02),family size(Fisher's exact,P=0.01),place of treatment(Fisher's exact,P=0.0002),pretreatment malaria test(x2=9.48,P=0.002),who prescribed treatment(Fisher's exact P=0.001),consultation time(x2=22.09,P<0.001),and previous demand for malaria prevention counseling(x2=36.59,P<0.001)were associated with receiving malaria prevention counseling.However,consultation time[Odd ratio(OR)=2.38,95%confidence interval(CI):1.28,4.40,P=0.006]and previous demand for malaria prevention counseling(OR=3.62,95%CI:2.15,6.10,P<0.001)were independent predictors of receiving counseling.Conclusions:The proportion of respondents that received malaria prevention counseling was surprisingly low.This offers opportunity for policy review towards improving the quality of outpatient malaria care through alternative strategies for giving malaria prevention information,especially in busy clinics where consultation time is constrained.
文摘Objectives:This study aims to enhance researchers’and nurses’understanding of how to best support migrant patients with heart failure in self-care management.Previous research on self-care in heart failure patients has highlighted its importance,particularly among migrant populations.Nurses play an important role in informing and engaging patients with chronic conditions like heart failure to support their active participation in self-care.However,nurses’experiences of providing self-care counseling to migrant populations with heart failure have not been studied.Methods:A qualitative study was conducted.Nurses working with migrant patients with HF(n?13)from different types of facility in Western Sweden were interviewed between October and December 2020.Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.Results:The main theme that emerged from the interviews was the difficulty for nurses“to find balance”in self-care counseling.The nurses during self-care counseling had:“to accept challenges,”“to use creative strategies,”faced“problems related to health literacy,”and“to work according to their(the nurses’)obligations.”It was evident that nurses faced several challenges in counseling migrants in self-care,including language and cultural barriers,time resource constraints,low levels of health literacy,and experienced disharmony between the law and their professional norms.They perceived building caring relationships with their patients to be crucial to fostering health-promoting self-care processes.Conclusions:To increase self-care adherence,nurses must become more sensitive to cultural differences and adapt self-care counseling to patients’health literacy.The findings of this research support and challenge nurses in providing the best counsel to migrant patients with heart failure living in Sweden’s multi-ethnic society.Policymakers in the health care organization should act to facilitate mutual cultural understanding between all involved partners for patient-safe self-care counseling.
