为了提高通信配电系统中不间断电源(Uninterruptible Power Supply,UPS)输入级的电能质量,引入三相功率因数校正(Power Factor Correction,PFC)技术,优化UPS输入级结构,设计适用于不平衡电网条件的三相PFC拓扑与控制策略,并完成硬件选...为了提高通信配电系统中不间断电源(Uninterruptible Power Supply,UPS)输入级的电能质量,引入三相功率因数校正(Power Factor Correction,PFC)技术,优化UPS输入级结构,设计适用于不平衡电网条件的三相PFC拓扑与控制策略,并完成硬件选型与实验验证。实验结果表明,所提方案可显著提高输入端功率因数,抑制电流谐波,降低总谐波畸变率,使三相信号更加均衡。研究结果对提高UPS系统输入效率、保障电力设备稳定运行具有重要意义。展开更多
The combination of Daphnes Cortex(DC)and Liquorice Root(LR),two traditional Chinese medicinal herbs,has shown significant therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis(RA),but its synergistic mechanism of action remains...The combination of Daphnes Cortex(DC)and Liquorice Root(LR),two traditional Chinese medicinal herbs,has shown significant therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis(RA),but its synergistic mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.Employing a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach,this study systematically investigated the synergistic mechanism of the herb pair DC and LR in RA treatment.Active components and their corresponding targets were retrieved from the TCMSP database and relevant literature,and RA-related targets were collected from established disease databases.A total of 73 overlapping targets between DC-LR and RA were identified,among which core targets such as AKT1,TNF,and CASP3 were highlighted.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these targets are involved in biological processes such as oxidative stress response and cell migration,and are significantly enriched in key pathways including HIF-1,TNF,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.Compatibility analysis further revealed that the combination of DC and LR may enhance therapeutic effects through synergistic regulation of shared targets and complementary modulation of upstream and downstream pathway components.Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between core active components and key targets.This study provides a multi-dimensional“component-target-pathway”perspective on the potential synergistic anti-RA mechanism of the DC-LR herb pair,offering a theoretical basis for further experimental validation and clinical application.展开更多
Background:The analgesic effects of multiple electroacupuncture(EA)sessions and single EA sessions differ significantly in pain management.Area 24b(A24b)of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)is crucial in pain processi...Background:The analgesic effects of multiple electroacupuncture(EA)sessions and single EA sessions differ significantly in pain management.Area 24b(A24b)of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)is crucial in pain processing.EA relieves pain by targeting and modulating the neuronal activity within this subregion.However,whether the cumulative effect of EA antinociception is connected to A24b mechanisms has remained unclear.Methods:In our study,we used the Complete Freund's Adjuvant(CFA)model to induce inflammatory pain and the Spared Nerve Injury(SNI)model to induce neuropathic pain,and adult male C57BL/6,FosTRAP,and FosTRAP:Ai9 mice were used as experimental subjects to investigate the cumulative effect of EA antinociception and whether multiple EA sessions and a single EA session regulate different neuronal populations in the A24b.Results:We observed that EA effectively alleviated pain in mice,with three EA sessions yielding superior analgesic effects compared to a single session.Using chemical genetics combined with FosCreER technology to activate EA-TRAPed cells in the A24b,we found that pain relief was more pronounced with three EA sessions.Moreover,chemogenetic inhibition of EA-TRAPed cells in the A24b reversed the analgesic effects of a single EA session but not those of three EA sessions.Fluorescent in situ hybridization results indicated that three EA sessions significantly increased the number of GABAergic neurons in the A24b compared with a single session.Additionally,retrograde tracing revealed that the A24b circuit that monosynaptically innervates EA-TRAPed cells included projections from the central lateral nucleus(CL),lateral mediodorsal thalamic nucleus(MDL),lateral habenula(LHb),dorsal raphe nucleus(DR),caudal linear nucleus of the raphe(CLi),dorsal tuberomamillary nucleus(DTM),periventricular hypothalamic nucleus(Pe)and hippocampal fields CA1,CA2,and CA3.These findings suggest that multiple EA sessions and single EA sessions activated different neuronal populations in the A24b.The enhanced analgesic effect of multiple EA sessions may be attributed to an increase in the proportion of GABAergic neurons within the A24b.Conclusions:Multiple and single EA sessions recruit distinct neuronal populations in A24b,with the stronger analgesic effect of repeated EA linked to a higher proportion of GABAergic neurons in this region.展开更多
Moutan Cortex terpene glycoside is derived from the dried root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.in the Paeoniaceae family,which holds significant value as a traditional Chinese medicine.This study investigated that M...Moutan Cortex terpene glycoside is derived from the dried root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.in the Paeoniaceae family,which holds significant value as a traditional Chinese medicine.This study investigated that Moutan Cortex terpene glycoside(MCTG)improved diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by targeting sirtuin 1(SIRT1)mediated autophagy pathway.Mechanistic insights were gained using DKD model rats and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)to delineate how MCTG operated in the treatment of DKD.Furthermore,network pharmacology was used to identify the primary metabolic pathways affected by MCTG,with key targets being confirmed through polymerase chain reaction(PCR),Western blot,Transmission electron microscope,immunofluorescence staining and monodansylcadaverine(MDC)staining.Finally,small interfering RNA transfection testified SIRT1 in advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)-induced HUVECs injury.MCTG effectively decreased blood glucose rise in DKD rats and reduced levels of cytokines and biochemical indicators.Network pharmacology revealed that metabolism was the main pathway of Moutan Cortex,and the main targets were verified by PCR and protein experiments.Based on these results,we found that Moutan Cortex could improve DKD and SIRT1 was a potential target.Furthermore,knockdown of SIRT1 attenuated AGEs-induced the expression of Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I(LC3 II/I)in HUVECs.In summary,this study demonstrated that Moutan Cortex could alleviate DKD via down-regulating SIRT1-mediated autophagy pathway.展开更多
Synaptic plasticity is essential for maintaining neuronal function in the central nervous system and serves as a critical indicator of the effects of neurodegenerative disease.Glaucoma directly impairs retinal ganglio...Synaptic plasticity is essential for maintaining neuronal function in the central nervous system and serves as a critical indicator of the effects of neurodegenerative disease.Glaucoma directly impairs retinal ganglion cells and their axons,leading to axonal transport dysfuntion,subsequently causing secondary damage to anterior or posterior ends of the visual system.Accordingly,recent evidence indicates that glaucoma is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes damage throughout the visual pathway.However,the effects of glaucoma on synaptic plasticity in the primary visual cortex remain unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of unilateral chronic ocular hypertension by injecting magnetic microbeads into the anterior chamber of one eye.We found that,after 4 weeks of chronic ocular hypertension,the neuronal somas were smaller in the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body regions of the brain contralateral to the affected eye.This was accompanied by glial cell activation and increased expression of inflammatory factors.After 8 weeks of ocular hypertension,we observed a reduction in the number of excitatory and inhibitory synapses,dendritic spines,and activation of glial cells in the primary visual cortex contralateral to the affected eye.These findings suggest that glaucoma not only directly damages the retina but also induces alterations in synapses and dendritic spines in the primary visual cortex,providing new insights into the pathogenesis of glaucoma.展开更多
Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression.Hyperexcitability of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairme...Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression.Hyperexcitability of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission.This review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain disorders.Improving understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these conditions.However,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain elusive.It is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or postsynaptic.Further exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.展开更多
文摘为了提高通信配电系统中不间断电源(Uninterruptible Power Supply,UPS)输入级的电能质量,引入三相功率因数校正(Power Factor Correction,PFC)技术,优化UPS输入级结构,设计适用于不平衡电网条件的三相PFC拓扑与控制策略,并完成硬件选型与实验验证。实验结果表明,所提方案可显著提高输入端功率因数,抑制电流谐波,降低总谐波畸变率,使三相信号更加均衡。研究结果对提高UPS系统输入效率、保障电力设备稳定运行具有重要意义。
基金supported by National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(202510163044).
文摘The combination of Daphnes Cortex(DC)and Liquorice Root(LR),two traditional Chinese medicinal herbs,has shown significant therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis(RA),but its synergistic mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.Employing a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach,this study systematically investigated the synergistic mechanism of the herb pair DC and LR in RA treatment.Active components and their corresponding targets were retrieved from the TCMSP database and relevant literature,and RA-related targets were collected from established disease databases.A total of 73 overlapping targets between DC-LR and RA were identified,among which core targets such as AKT1,TNF,and CASP3 were highlighted.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these targets are involved in biological processes such as oxidative stress response and cell migration,and are significantly enriched in key pathways including HIF-1,TNF,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.Compatibility analysis further revealed that the combination of DC and LR may enhance therapeutic effects through synergistic regulation of shared targets and complementary modulation of upstream and downstream pathway components.Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between core active components and key targets.This study provides a multi-dimensional“component-target-pathway”perspective on the potential synergistic anti-RA mechanism of the DC-LR herb pair,offering a theoretical basis for further experimental validation and clinical application.
基金The National Natural Science Fund of China(82374561,82174490,81873360)the Research Project of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(2022JKZKTS44,2022FSYYZZ07)the Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Program(2021RC098)。
文摘Background:The analgesic effects of multiple electroacupuncture(EA)sessions and single EA sessions differ significantly in pain management.Area 24b(A24b)of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)is crucial in pain processing.EA relieves pain by targeting and modulating the neuronal activity within this subregion.However,whether the cumulative effect of EA antinociception is connected to A24b mechanisms has remained unclear.Methods:In our study,we used the Complete Freund's Adjuvant(CFA)model to induce inflammatory pain and the Spared Nerve Injury(SNI)model to induce neuropathic pain,and adult male C57BL/6,FosTRAP,and FosTRAP:Ai9 mice were used as experimental subjects to investigate the cumulative effect of EA antinociception and whether multiple EA sessions and a single EA session regulate different neuronal populations in the A24b.Results:We observed that EA effectively alleviated pain in mice,with three EA sessions yielding superior analgesic effects compared to a single session.Using chemical genetics combined with FosCreER technology to activate EA-TRAPed cells in the A24b,we found that pain relief was more pronounced with three EA sessions.Moreover,chemogenetic inhibition of EA-TRAPed cells in the A24b reversed the analgesic effects of a single EA session but not those of three EA sessions.Fluorescent in situ hybridization results indicated that three EA sessions significantly increased the number of GABAergic neurons in the A24b compared with a single session.Additionally,retrograde tracing revealed that the A24b circuit that monosynaptically innervates EA-TRAPed cells included projections from the central lateral nucleus(CL),lateral mediodorsal thalamic nucleus(MDL),lateral habenula(LHb),dorsal raphe nucleus(DR),caudal linear nucleus of the raphe(CLi),dorsal tuberomamillary nucleus(DTM),periventricular hypothalamic nucleus(Pe)and hippocampal fields CA1,CA2,and CA3.These findings suggest that multiple EA sessions and single EA sessions activated different neuronal populations in the A24b.The enhanced analgesic effect of multiple EA sessions may be attributed to an increase in the proportion of GABAergic neurons within the A24b.Conclusions:Multiple and single EA sessions recruit distinct neuronal populations in A24b,with the stronger analgesic effect of repeated EA linked to a higher proportion of GABAergic neurons in this region.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82474093,81973536)Jiangsu Province“Blue and Green Project”(184080H10240)+2 种基金Graduate Research Innovation Program of Jiangsu(KYCX23_0871)the National Natural Science Foundation of the Youth Science Fund Project(81703775)Health Research Program of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202107).
文摘Moutan Cortex terpene glycoside is derived from the dried root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.in the Paeoniaceae family,which holds significant value as a traditional Chinese medicine.This study investigated that Moutan Cortex terpene glycoside(MCTG)improved diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by targeting sirtuin 1(SIRT1)mediated autophagy pathway.Mechanistic insights were gained using DKD model rats and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)to delineate how MCTG operated in the treatment of DKD.Furthermore,network pharmacology was used to identify the primary metabolic pathways affected by MCTG,with key targets being confirmed through polymerase chain reaction(PCR),Western blot,Transmission electron microscope,immunofluorescence staining and monodansylcadaverine(MDC)staining.Finally,small interfering RNA transfection testified SIRT1 in advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)-induced HUVECs injury.MCTG effectively decreased blood glucose rise in DKD rats and reduced levels of cytokines and biochemical indicators.Network pharmacology revealed that metabolism was the main pathway of Moutan Cortex,and the main targets were verified by PCR and protein experiments.Based on these results,we found that Moutan Cortex could improve DKD and SIRT1 was a potential target.Furthermore,knockdown of SIRT1 attenuated AGEs-induced the expression of Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I(LC3 II/I)in HUVECs.In summary,this study demonstrated that Moutan Cortex could alleviate DKD via down-regulating SIRT1-mediated autophagy pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82271115(to MY).
文摘Synaptic plasticity is essential for maintaining neuronal function in the central nervous system and serves as a critical indicator of the effects of neurodegenerative disease.Glaucoma directly impairs retinal ganglion cells and their axons,leading to axonal transport dysfuntion,subsequently causing secondary damage to anterior or posterior ends of the visual system.Accordingly,recent evidence indicates that glaucoma is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes damage throughout the visual pathway.However,the effects of glaucoma on synaptic plasticity in the primary visual cortex remain unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of unilateral chronic ocular hypertension by injecting magnetic microbeads into the anterior chamber of one eye.We found that,after 4 weeks of chronic ocular hypertension,the neuronal somas were smaller in the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body regions of the brain contralateral to the affected eye.This was accompanied by glial cell activation and increased expression of inflammatory factors.After 8 weeks of ocular hypertension,we observed a reduction in the number of excitatory and inhibitory synapses,dendritic spines,and activation of glial cells in the primary visual cortex contralateral to the affected eye.These findings suggest that glaucoma not only directly damages the retina but also induces alterations in synapses and dendritic spines in the primary visual cortex,providing new insights into the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82374561(to JD),82174490(to JF)the Medical and Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province,No.2021RC098(to JD)the Research Project of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Nos.2022JKZKTS44(to JD),2022FSYYZZ07(to JF).
文摘Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression.Hyperexcitability of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission.This review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain disorders.Improving understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these conditions.However,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain elusive.It is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or postsynaptic.Further exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.
