Objective To analyze the development trend of clopidogrel bisulfate so as to provide suggestions for the research and development(R&D)of China’s pharmaceutical enterprises.Methods By studying the development proc...Objective To analyze the development trend of clopidogrel bisulfate so as to provide suggestions for the research and development(R&D)of China’s pharmaceutical enterprises.Methods By studying the development process of thiophenic pyridine drugs,we found that clopidogrel bisulfate belongs to the second generation product.Then,the patent status of generic drugs of thiophene in the United States and China was analyzed to identify the key points and trends of its R&D.Results and Conclusion This paper analyzes the patent and important technology of clopidogrel to predict its development trend,and put forward countermeasures for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases account for ~40% of global deaths annually. This situation has revealed the urgent need forthe investigation and development of corresponding drugs for pathogenesis due to the complexity of res...Cardiovascular diseases account for ~40% of global deaths annually. This situation has revealed the urgent need forthe investigation and development of corresponding drugs for pathogenesis due to the complexity of researchmethods and detection techniques. An in vitro cardiomyocyte model is commonly used for cardiac drug screeningand disease modeling since it can respond to microphysiological environmental variations through mechanoelectricfeedback. Microfluidic platforms are capable of accurate fluid control and integration with analysis and detectiontechniques. Therefore, various microfluidic platforms (i.e., heart-on-a-chip) have been applied for the reconstruction ofthe physiological environment and detection of signals from cardiomyocytes. They have demonstrated advantages inmimicking the cardiovascular structure and function in vitro and in monitoring electromechanical signals. This reviewpresents a summary of the methods and technologies used to monitor the contractility and electrophysiologicalsignals of cardiomyocytes within microfluidic platforms. Then, applications in common cardiac drug screening andcardiovascular disease modeling are presented, followed by design strategies for enhancing physiology studies. Finally,we discuss prospects in the tissue engineering and sensing techniques of microfluidic platforms.展开更多
文摘Objective To analyze the development trend of clopidogrel bisulfate so as to provide suggestions for the research and development(R&D)of China’s pharmaceutical enterprises.Methods By studying the development process of thiophenic pyridine drugs,we found that clopidogrel bisulfate belongs to the second generation product.Then,the patent status of generic drugs of thiophene in the United States and China was analyzed to identify the key points and trends of its R&D.Results and Conclusion This paper analyzes the patent and important technology of clopidogrel to predict its development trend,and put forward countermeasures for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.62371267,62121003)Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(Major innovation project)(2022CXGC020501)+4 种基金Science,Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project from Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(NO.2022JBZ02-01)Research Leader Studio in Colleges and Universities of Jinan(NO.2021GXRC083)Innovation Team of Organ-on-a-Chip Manufacturing Key Technologies(NO.202333015,Funded by Jinan Science and Technology Bureau)Young Innovative Talents Introduction&Cultivation Program for Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(Granted by Department of Education of Shandong Province,Sub-Title 1:Innovative Research Team of High-Performance Integrated Device,Sub-Title 2:Innovative Research Team of Advanced Energy Equipment)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2023QH405)。
文摘Cardiovascular diseases account for ~40% of global deaths annually. This situation has revealed the urgent need forthe investigation and development of corresponding drugs for pathogenesis due to the complexity of researchmethods and detection techniques. An in vitro cardiomyocyte model is commonly used for cardiac drug screeningand disease modeling since it can respond to microphysiological environmental variations through mechanoelectricfeedback. Microfluidic platforms are capable of accurate fluid control and integration with analysis and detectiontechniques. Therefore, various microfluidic platforms (i.e., heart-on-a-chip) have been applied for the reconstruction ofthe physiological environment and detection of signals from cardiomyocytes. They have demonstrated advantages inmimicking the cardiovascular structure and function in vitro and in monitoring electromechanical signals. This reviewpresents a summary of the methods and technologies used to monitor the contractility and electrophysiologicalsignals of cardiomyocytes within microfluidic platforms. Then, applications in common cardiac drug screening andcardiovascular disease modeling are presented, followed by design strategies for enhancing physiology studies. Finally,we discuss prospects in the tissue engineering and sensing techniques of microfluidic platforms.
