Previous studies have indicated that the Ilex genus exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antiinflammatory activities. However, the pharmacologic action and mechanisms of Ilex cornuta against ca...Previous studies have indicated that the Ilex genus exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antiinflammatory activities. However, the pharmacologic action and mechanisms of Ilex cornuta against cardiac diseases have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta root with in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-oxidative effects of the extract of Ilex cornuta root(ICR) were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free-radical scavenging and MTT assays as well as immunoassay. Furthermore, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was established to investigate the cardioprotective effect of ICR in vivo. Eight compounds were isolated and identified from ICR and exhibited DPPH free-radical scavenging activities. They also could increase cell viability and inhibit morphological changes induced by H_2O_2 or Na_2S_2O_4 in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, followed by increasing the SOD activities and decreasing the MDA and ROS levels. In addition, it could suppress the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In the rat model of myocardial ischemia, ICR decreased myocardial infarct size and suppressed the activities of LDH and CK. Furthermore, ICR attenuated histopathological alterations of heart tissues and the MDA levels, while increasing SOD activities in serum. In conclusion, these results suggest that ICR has cardioprotective activity and could be developed as a new food supplement for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.展开更多
In the present study, three new triterpenoids, 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(1), 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside-6-O-methyl ester(2), and urs-1...In the present study, three new triterpenoids, 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(1), 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside-6-O-methyl ester(2), and urs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside-6-O-methyl ester(3), and a known triterpenoid, 3β-hydroxy-urs-2, 18-dien-28-oic acid(4, randialic acid B), were isolated from the aerial parts of Ilex cornuta. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic analyses(IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) and chemical reactions. Compound 4 showed significant cell-protective effects against H_2O_2-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury. Compounds 1-4 did not show any significant DPPH radical scavenging activity.展开更多
Ilex cornuta (1.cornuta)is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)that has been used in clinical practice for hundreds of years.In order to provide more information about the chemical basis of its pharmacological effects...Ilex cornuta (1.cornuta)is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)that has been used in clinical practice for hundreds of years.In order to provide more information about the chemical basis of its pharmacological effects,phytochemical investigation on the roots of L cornuta was conducted in this study.The roots of the plant were firstly extracted with 95% EtOH,and then the crude was partitioned with petroleum ether,EtOAc and n-butyl alcohol.Different chromatographies were employed to isolate the crude step by step and the crude was further purified by semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).As a result,two new triterpenoid saponins (1,2),together with 12 known compounds (3-14),were isolated from the roots of I. cornuta.Their structures were determined based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR),mass spectrum (MS)technologies,chemical reactions as well as gas chromatography (GC).Compounds 4,6,8,11,12 and 13 were isolated from this genus for the first time.The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined as 3β-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-2-O-acetylarabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D glucopyranosyl-23-hydroxyl-20α(H)-urs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1)and 3β-O-α-D-xylopyranosly-(1→3)-α-L-2-O-acetylarabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-19α,23-dihydroxyl-20α(H)-urs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(2).展开更多
The population size class structure, survival curve, height class structure and population distribution patterns of Ilex cornuta in Longgan Lake National Nature Preserve, Hubei Province, were investigated by using the...The population size class structure, survival curve, height class structure and population distribution patterns of Ilex cornuta in Longgan Lake National Nature Preserve, Hubei Province, were investigated by using the adjacent grid method. The result showed that the population age structure of I. cornuta was of middle-aging type, in the vertical space of population individuals, most of them lived in the shrub layer, and a small number of individuals entered the arborous layer. The distribution pattern of I. cornuta was analyzed by variance /mean ratio method, and the results showed that the distribution pattern of the population was the cluster type. This study can provide references for the further protection, research and development and utilization of I. cornuta .展开更多
Llex cornuta var.fortunei S.Y.Hu is a good ornamental tree species for viewing fruits and leaves,and has a wide range of garden uses.Nutrition bowl cutting seedlings can improve the survival rate of L.cornut a var.for...Llex cornuta var.fortunei S.Y.Hu is a good ornamental tree species for viewing fruits and leaves,and has a wide range of garden uses.Nutrition bowl cutting seedlings can improve the survival rate of L.cornut a var.fortunei S.Y.Hu transplanting and greening,and has the advantages of no time limit for planting and saving management costs.Based on this,this paper introduced the container seedling double-covering cutting technology for L.cornut a var.fortunei,to provide a reference for the propagation of L.cornut a var.fortunei.展开更多
A new triterpene glycoside, pomolic acid 3-O-6″-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-（1→3）-α-L-arabino- pyranoside, and a new flavonol glycoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside togeth...A new triterpene glycoside, pomolic acid 3-O-6″-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-（1→3）-α-L-arabino- pyranoside, and a new flavonol glycoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside together with three known triterpene saponins and two flavonol glycosides, were isolated from the leaves of Ilex cornuta. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.展开更多
为探索枸骨不同部位的化学成分及其差异,采用超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)技术快速鉴定枸骨叶和果实中...为探索枸骨不同部位的化学成分及其差异,采用超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)技术快速鉴定枸骨叶和果实中的化学成分,进一步运用正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析两者的成分差异,并初步探索枸骨叶中三萜类化合物的质谱裂解规律。结果表明:从枸骨叶中鉴定出54种化合物,包括29个萜类、7个黄酮类和18个其他类化合物;从枸骨果实中鉴定出52种化合物,包括27个萜类、7个黄酮类和18个其他类化合物。枸骨叶和果实存在12种差异性成分,其中枸骨叶中的活性成分种类更为丰富且含量更高,较枸骨果实含有较丰富的三萜类化合物;枸骨果实中有机酸类化合物较多。枸骨叶中三萜类化合物在质谱裂解过程中易发生C环的断裂和逆狄尔斯-阿德尔(Retro Diels-Alder reaction,RDA)裂解反应,且常出现重排。该研究探索了枸骨叶和果实发挥药效的物质基础,并揭示了它们不同部位间化学成分的差异,为相关研究提供了科学依据,也为进一步开发和综合利用不同部位的枸骨提供了理论基础。展开更多
从枸骨(IlexcornutaLindl.exPaxt.)中分离得到20个化合物,鉴定了16个,分别为:枸骨甙1(Gouguside1,Ⅴ)即坡摸酸3 β O α L 吡喃阿拉伯糖甙;枸骨甙2(Gouguside2,Ⅵ)即3 β O D 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙3(Gougus...从枸骨(IlexcornutaLindl.exPaxt.)中分离得到20个化合物,鉴定了16个,分别为:枸骨甙1(Gouguside1,Ⅴ)即坡摸酸3 β O α L 吡喃阿拉伯糖甙;枸骨甙2(Gouguside2,Ⅵ)即3 β O D 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙3(Gouguside3,Ⅶ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯的类似物;枸骨甙4(Gouguside4,ⅩⅦ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙5(Gouguside5,ⅩⅧ)即坡摸酸3 β O α L 2′ 乙酰氧基吡喃阿拉伯糖基 28 O β D 吡喃葡萄糖酯,枸骨甙6(Gouguside6,ⅩⅨ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 4 乙酰氧基吡喃阿拉伯糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙7(Gouguside7,ⅩⅩ)即3 β O α L 吡喃阿拉伯糖基 28 O β D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;胡萝卜甙(daucostorolⅧ);2,4 二羟基苯甲酸(2,4 dihydroxybenzoicacidⅠ);3,4 二羟基桂皮酸(3,4 dihyroxycinnamunicacidⅡ、Ⅳ);长链脂肪酸或醇5个(Longchainfattyacid,Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、ⅩⅣ)。在鉴定的16个化合物中,枸骨甙1、枸骨甙2、枸骨甙6和枸骨甙7为首次从枸骨中分离得到,枸骨甙3和枸骨甙4为新化合物。展开更多
文摘Previous studies have indicated that the Ilex genus exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antiinflammatory activities. However, the pharmacologic action and mechanisms of Ilex cornuta against cardiac diseases have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta root with in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-oxidative effects of the extract of Ilex cornuta root(ICR) were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free-radical scavenging and MTT assays as well as immunoassay. Furthermore, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was established to investigate the cardioprotective effect of ICR in vivo. Eight compounds were isolated and identified from ICR and exhibited DPPH free-radical scavenging activities. They also could increase cell viability and inhibit morphological changes induced by H_2O_2 or Na_2S_2O_4 in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, followed by increasing the SOD activities and decreasing the MDA and ROS levels. In addition, it could suppress the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In the rat model of myocardial ischemia, ICR decreased myocardial infarct size and suppressed the activities of LDH and CK. Furthermore, ICR attenuated histopathological alterations of heart tissues and the MDA levels, while increasing SOD activities in serum. In conclusion, these results suggest that ICR has cardioprotective activity and could be developed as a new food supplement for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.
文摘In the present study, three new triterpenoids, 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(1), 23-hydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside-6-O-methyl ester(2), and urs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside-6-O-methyl ester(3), and a known triterpenoid, 3β-hydroxy-urs-2, 18-dien-28-oic acid(4, randialic acid B), were isolated from the aerial parts of Ilex cornuta. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic analyses(IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) and chemical reactions. Compound 4 showed significant cell-protective effects against H_2O_2-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury. Compounds 1-4 did not show any significant DPPH radical scavenging activity.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81470157)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2017CFB650)Wuhan Science and Technology Project(No.2017060201010215).
文摘Ilex cornuta (1.cornuta)is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)that has been used in clinical practice for hundreds of years.In order to provide more information about the chemical basis of its pharmacological effects,phytochemical investigation on the roots of L cornuta was conducted in this study.The roots of the plant were firstly extracted with 95% EtOH,and then the crude was partitioned with petroleum ether,EtOAc and n-butyl alcohol.Different chromatographies were employed to isolate the crude step by step and the crude was further purified by semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).As a result,two new triterpenoid saponins (1,2),together with 12 known compounds (3-14),were isolated from the roots of I. cornuta.Their structures were determined based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR),mass spectrum (MS)technologies,chemical reactions as well as gas chromatography (GC).Compounds 4,6,8,11,12 and 13 were isolated from this genus for the first time.The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined as 3β-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-2-O-acetylarabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D glucopyranosyl-23-hydroxyl-20α(H)-urs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1)and 3β-O-α-D-xylopyranosly-(1→3)-α-L-2-O-acetylarabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-19α,23-dihydroxyl-20α(H)-urs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(2).
基金Supported by the Team Project of Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains(2015TD06)
文摘The population size class structure, survival curve, height class structure and population distribution patterns of Ilex cornuta in Longgan Lake National Nature Preserve, Hubei Province, were investigated by using the adjacent grid method. The result showed that the population age structure of I. cornuta was of middle-aging type, in the vertical space of population individuals, most of them lived in the shrub layer, and a small number of individuals entered the arborous layer. The distribution pattern of I. cornuta was analyzed by variance /mean ratio method, and the results showed that the distribution pattern of the population was the cluster type. This study can provide references for the further protection, research and development and utilization of I. cornuta .
文摘Llex cornuta var.fortunei S.Y.Hu is a good ornamental tree species for viewing fruits and leaves,and has a wide range of garden uses.Nutrition bowl cutting seedlings can improve the survival rate of L.cornut a var.fortunei S.Y.Hu transplanting and greening,and has the advantages of no time limit for planting and saving management costs.Based on this,this paper introduced the container seedling double-covering cutting technology for L.cornut a var.fortunei,to provide a reference for the propagation of L.cornut a var.fortunei.
文摘A new triterpene glycoside, pomolic acid 3-O-6″-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-（1→3）-α-L-arabino- pyranoside, and a new flavonol glycoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside together with three known triterpene saponins and two flavonol glycosides, were isolated from the leaves of Ilex cornuta. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.
文摘为探索枸骨不同部位的化学成分及其差异,采用超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)技术快速鉴定枸骨叶和果实中的化学成分,进一步运用正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析两者的成分差异,并初步探索枸骨叶中三萜类化合物的质谱裂解规律。结果表明:从枸骨叶中鉴定出54种化合物,包括29个萜类、7个黄酮类和18个其他类化合物;从枸骨果实中鉴定出52种化合物,包括27个萜类、7个黄酮类和18个其他类化合物。枸骨叶和果实存在12种差异性成分,其中枸骨叶中的活性成分种类更为丰富且含量更高,较枸骨果实含有较丰富的三萜类化合物;枸骨果实中有机酸类化合物较多。枸骨叶中三萜类化合物在质谱裂解过程中易发生C环的断裂和逆狄尔斯-阿德尔(Retro Diels-Alder reaction,RDA)裂解反应,且常出现重排。该研究探索了枸骨叶和果实发挥药效的物质基础,并揭示了它们不同部位间化学成分的差异,为相关研究提供了科学依据,也为进一步开发和综合利用不同部位的枸骨提供了理论基础。
文摘从枸骨(IlexcornutaLindl.exPaxt.)中分离得到20个化合物,鉴定了16个,分别为:枸骨甙1(Gouguside1,Ⅴ)即坡摸酸3 β O α L 吡喃阿拉伯糖甙;枸骨甙2(Gouguside2,Ⅵ)即3 β O D 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙3(Gouguside3,Ⅶ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯的类似物;枸骨甙4(Gouguside4,ⅩⅦ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 吡喃葡萄糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙5(Gouguside5,ⅩⅧ)即坡摸酸3 β O α L 2′ 乙酰氧基吡喃阿拉伯糖基 28 O β D 吡喃葡萄糖酯,枸骨甙6(Gouguside6,ⅩⅨ)即3 β O (β D 吡喃葡萄糖基) α L 4 乙酰氧基吡喃阿拉伯糖基坡摸酸 β 28 O D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;枸骨甙7(Gouguside7,ⅩⅩ)即3 β O α L 吡喃阿拉伯糖基 28 O β D 吡喃葡萄糖酯;胡萝卜甙(daucostorolⅧ);2,4 二羟基苯甲酸(2,4 dihydroxybenzoicacidⅠ);3,4 二羟基桂皮酸(3,4 dihyroxycinnamunicacidⅡ、Ⅳ);长链脂肪酸或醇5个(Longchainfattyacid,Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、ⅩⅣ)。在鉴定的16个化合物中,枸骨甙1、枸骨甙2、枸骨甙6和枸骨甙7为首次从枸骨中分离得到,枸骨甙3和枸骨甙4为新化合物。
