The effect of heavy metals on the properties and hydration of blast furnace slag-cement composites(BFS-CC)remain unclear.In this study,two BFS-CC(denoted as DBFS-CC and WBFS-CC)were prepared by dry and wet grinding of...The effect of heavy metals on the properties and hydration of blast furnace slag-cement composites(BFS-CC)remain unclear.In this study,two BFS-CC(denoted as DBFS-CC and WBFS-CC)were prepared by dry and wet grinding of BFS,respectively.The effect of Cu(II)on BFS-CC’s properties and hydration was investigated by adding representative copper contaminants(CuO,CuCl_(2),and CuS)to the composites.Adding 1.0wt%CuO and 0.5wt%CuS increased the 3-d compressive strength of DBFS-CC by 14.9%and 5.7%,respectively,but suppressed the 3-d strength of WBFS-CC.This trend reversed at 28-d curing,where adding 1.5wt%CuO,2.0wt%CuCl_(2),and 1.5wt%CuS enhanced the compressive strength of WBFS-CC by 23.4%,6.2%,and 13.6%,respectively,but adversely affected the strength of DBFS-CC.For 28-d hydration,adding CuCl_(2)decreased the hydration degree of DBFS-CC but enhanced that of WBFS-CC.Adding CuO promoted the hydration degree of both composites,while adding CuS exhibited inhibitory effects.DBFS-CC immobilized CuCl_(2)better due to a higher hydration degree,while WBFS-CC immobilized CuO and CuS better due to having finer unhydrated BFS particles and a denser matrix.This study not only focuses on the Cu(II)immobilization effect but also reveals the differ-ential effects of Cu(II)species on the hydration process,providing novel insights into heavy metal interactions in BFS-CC systems and their safe disposal.展开更多
A wheat pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to assess the effect of copper contamination on soil nematode diversity by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE...A wheat pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to assess the effect of copper contamination on soil nematode diversity by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） method and morphological analysis. The soil was treated with CuSO4.5H2O at the following concentrations： 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg^-1 dry soil, and the soil samples were collected at wheat jointing and ripening stages. Nematode diversity index （H′） from morphological analysis showed no difference between the control and the treated samples in either of the sampling dates. At the wheat ripening stage, nematode diversity obtained by the PCR-DGGE method decreased noticeably in the Cu800 treatment in comparison with the control. With optimization of the method of nematode DNA extraction, PCR-DGGE could give more information on nematode genera, and the intensity of the bands could reflect the abundance of nematode genera in the assemblage. The PCR-DGGE method proved promising in distinguishing nematode diversity in heavy metal coritaminated soil.展开更多
A wetland with attractive plants hosting birds and other wildlife is an esthetically pleasing prospect that is gaining popularity as a way of stabilizing or remediating metalcontaminated soils and sediment（Weber and ...A wetland with attractive plants hosting birds and other wildlife is an esthetically pleasing prospect that is gaining popularity as a way of stabilizing or remediating metalcontaminated soils and sediment（Weber and Gagnon,2014;展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and r...Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and raw material impurities can accelerate battery degradation.In extreme cases,these defects may result in severe safety incidents,such as thermal runaway.Metal foreign matter is one of the main types of manufacturing defects,frequently causing internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries.Among these,copper particles are the most common contaminants.This paper addresses the safety risks posed by manufacturing defects in lithium-ion batteries,analyzes their classification and associated hazards,and reviews the research on metal foreign matter defects,with a focus on copper particle contamination.Furthermore,we summarize the detection methods to identify defective batteries and propose future research directions to address metal foreign matter defects.展开更多
基金financially sponsored by the Key R&D Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(No.2023B03007-2)the Tianshan Innovation Team,China(No.2023D14013)+9 种基金the Tianchi Hundred-Talent Program,China(No.RSSQ00066865)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-BD-25-037)the Ganpo Talent Plan,the Taishan Industrial Experts Program,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52204414,52204413,and 52204412)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2242046)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFC3907701)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.GZC20230243)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M750178)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2023A1515011609 and 2023A1515110094)the Key Technology Innovation and Advanced Development Program of Chongqing,China(No.CSTB2022TIADKPX0112)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials.
文摘The effect of heavy metals on the properties and hydration of blast furnace slag-cement composites(BFS-CC)remain unclear.In this study,two BFS-CC(denoted as DBFS-CC and WBFS-CC)were prepared by dry and wet grinding of BFS,respectively.The effect of Cu(II)on BFS-CC’s properties and hydration was investigated by adding representative copper contaminants(CuO,CuCl_(2),and CuS)to the composites.Adding 1.0wt%CuO and 0.5wt%CuS increased the 3-d compressive strength of DBFS-CC by 14.9%and 5.7%,respectively,but suppressed the 3-d strength of WBFS-CC.This trend reversed at 28-d curing,where adding 1.5wt%CuO,2.0wt%CuCl_(2),and 1.5wt%CuS enhanced the compressive strength of WBFS-CC by 23.4%,6.2%,and 13.6%,respectively,but adversely affected the strength of DBFS-CC.For 28-d hydration,adding CuCl_(2)decreased the hydration degree of DBFS-CC but enhanced that of WBFS-CC.Adding CuO promoted the hydration degree of both composites,while adding CuS exhibited inhibitory effects.DBFS-CC immobilized CuCl_(2)better due to a higher hydration degree,while WBFS-CC immobilized CuO and CuS better due to having finer unhydrated BFS particles and a denser matrix.This study not only focuses on the Cu(II)immobilization effect but also reveals the differ-ential effects of Cu(II)species on the hydration process,providing novel insights into heavy metal interactions in BFS-CC systems and their safe disposal.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30600087)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.06LYQY5001).
文摘A wheat pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to assess the effect of copper contamination on soil nematode diversity by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） method and morphological analysis. The soil was treated with CuSO4.5H2O at the following concentrations： 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg^-1 dry soil, and the soil samples were collected at wheat jointing and ripening stages. Nematode diversity index （H′） from morphological analysis showed no difference between the control and the treated samples in either of the sampling dates. At the wheat ripening stage, nematode diversity obtained by the PCR-DGGE method decreased noticeably in the Cu800 treatment in comparison with the control. With optimization of the method of nematode DNA extraction, PCR-DGGE could give more information on nematode genera, and the intensity of the bands could reflect the abundance of nematode genera in the assemblage. The PCR-DGGE method proved promising in distinguishing nematode diversity in heavy metal coritaminated soil.
文摘A wetland with attractive plants hosting birds and other wildlife is an esthetically pleasing prospect that is gaining popularity as a way of stabilizing or remediating metalcontaminated soils and sediment（Weber and Gagnon,2014;
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2402002)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.L223013).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and raw material impurities can accelerate battery degradation.In extreme cases,these defects may result in severe safety incidents,such as thermal runaway.Metal foreign matter is one of the main types of manufacturing defects,frequently causing internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries.Among these,copper particles are the most common contaminants.This paper addresses the safety risks posed by manufacturing defects in lithium-ion batteries,analyzes their classification and associated hazards,and reviews the research on metal foreign matter defects,with a focus on copper particle contamination.Furthermore,we summarize the detection methods to identify defective batteries and propose future research directions to address metal foreign matter defects.
