为应对可再生能源的供给不确定性给新能源发电企业中长期合同履约带来的挑战,本文提出了新能源发电企业与独立储能中长期合约电量确定方法。综合新能源发电的机会约束和独立储能运行约束,以发电企业和独立储能共同效益为目标,构建新能...为应对可再生能源的供给不确定性给新能源发电企业中长期合同履约带来的挑战,本文提出了新能源发电企业与独立储能中长期合约电量确定方法。综合新能源发电的机会约束和独立储能运行约束,以发电企业和独立储能共同效益为目标,构建新能源发电企业同独立储能签订中长期合约电量确定模型;通过引入条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)和替换变量将模型重新表述为混合整数规划(mixed integer program,MIP)模型以便于求解。采用新能源发电企业月度合约电量分解曲线进行算例分析,验证了本文所提方法的有效性。同时考量新能源发电企业风险偏好、储能荷电状态等对共同效益的影响,研究表明储能荷电状态与共同收益负相关,而提高新能源发电企业风险偏好能够提高合约共同体预期收益。储能中长期双边合约电量确定方法的提出有助于促进新能源消纳和储能成本市场化疏导。展开更多
This paper investigates a sliding-mode model predictive control （MPC） algorithm with auxiliary contractive sliding vector constraint for constrained nonlinear discrete-time systems. By adding contractive constraint ...This paper investigates a sliding-mode model predictive control （MPC） algorithm with auxiliary contractive sliding vector constraint for constrained nonlinear discrete-time systems. By adding contractive constraint into the optimization problem in regular sliding-mode MPC algorithm, the value of the sliding vector is decreased to zero asymptotically, which means that the system state is driven into a vicinity of sliding surface with a certain width. Then, the system state moves along the sliding surface to the equilibrium point within the vicinity. By applying the proposed algorithm, the stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed. A numerical example of a continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR） system is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
To research the operating mechanisms of rural financial reform, through setting up a contract model, the constraint roles of reputation and legal intervention on the default risk arising in the operating of the credit...To research the operating mechanisms of rural financial reform, through setting up a contract model, the constraint roles of reputation and legal intervention on the default risk arising in the operating of the credit union funds are inspected. Analysis indicates that the increase in reputation cost can reduce the probability of union member default behavior and the probability of turning to the law for the credit union funds. Meanwhile, the amount of loans and the interest rates can increase the probability of turning to the law for the credit union funds. Below the marginal values, the penalty mechanisms can reduce the balancing probabilities of member default behavior and turning to the law for the credit union funds, namely, the penalty has some "substitution effect" for turning to the law for the credit union funds.展开更多
文摘为应对可再生能源的供给不确定性给新能源发电企业中长期合同履约带来的挑战,本文提出了新能源发电企业与独立储能中长期合约电量确定方法。综合新能源发电的机会约束和独立储能运行约束,以发电企业和独立储能共同效益为目标,构建新能源发电企业同独立储能签订中长期合约电量确定模型;通过引入条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)和替换变量将模型重新表述为混合整数规划(mixed integer program,MIP)模型以便于求解。采用新能源发电企业月度合约电量分解曲线进行算例分析,验证了本文所提方法的有效性。同时考量新能源发电企业风险偏好、储能荷电状态等对共同效益的影响,研究表明储能荷电状态与共同收益负相关,而提高新能源发电企业风险偏好能够提高合约共同体预期收益。储能中长期双边合约电量确定方法的提出有助于促进新能源消纳和储能成本市场化疏导。
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos. CDJXS10170008 and CDJXS10171101)
文摘This paper investigates a sliding-mode model predictive control （MPC） algorithm with auxiliary contractive sliding vector constraint for constrained nonlinear discrete-time systems. By adding contractive constraint into the optimization problem in regular sliding-mode MPC algorithm, the value of the sliding vector is decreased to zero asymptotically, which means that the system state is driven into a vicinity of sliding surface with a certain width. Then, the system state moves along the sliding surface to the equilibrium point within the vicinity. By applying the proposed algorithm, the stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed. A numerical example of a continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR） system is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金The Philosophy and Social Sciences Program of Guangdong during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period for 2007(No.07D02)the Major Tender of Guangdong for 2007(No.KT005)
文摘To research the operating mechanisms of rural financial reform, through setting up a contract model, the constraint roles of reputation and legal intervention on the default risk arising in the operating of the credit union funds are inspected. Analysis indicates that the increase in reputation cost can reduce the probability of union member default behavior and the probability of turning to the law for the credit union funds. Meanwhile, the amount of loans and the interest rates can increase the probability of turning to the law for the credit union funds. Below the marginal values, the penalty mechanisms can reduce the balancing probabilities of member default behavior and turning to the law for the credit union funds, namely, the penalty has some "substitution effect" for turning to the law for the credit union funds.
