Everyone who enters a marathon has their own way of doing things.This applies to the training done in preparation for the big day,but it also applies to the actual marathon itself.Clothing is a big consideration for t...Everyone who enters a marathon has their own way of doing things.This applies to the training done in preparation for the big day,but it also applies to the actual marathon itself.Clothing is a big consideration for these daring runners-you should make sure youll be comfy and not get too warm!But few people have an accessory quite like Moshe Lederfien.Every time you spot him in a marathon,without fail,he will have a pineapple on his head.The 70⁃year⁃old Israeli marathoner who has become famous for balancing a pineapple on his head during marathons,has received scrutiny(详细审查)from Spanish citizens.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvemen...[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.展开更多
[Objective]The pathogen of pineapple anthracnose were isolated and identified,and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied.[Method]Pathogen was isolated and purified from the leaves collected from d...[Objective]The pathogen of pineapple anthracnose were isolated and identified,and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied.[Method]Pathogen was isolated and purified from the leaves collected from different areas in Hainan province which had been infected by pineapple anthracnose,and the biological characteristics were studied as well as morphological identification of the pathogen.[Results] The pathogen of pineapple anthracnose was identified as Colletorichum gloeosprioides Penz.through morphological characteristics.The results of biological characteristic test showed that the optimum temperature for mycelium growth and spore germination were 25-30 and 28-30 ℃,respectively;and the optimum pH value was 6.0-8.0;complete darkness was the best condition for growth of mycelium,while alternative light and darkness was most beneficial for spore germination;the best carbon sources for mycelium growth were glucose,D-fructose and maltose;except for L-arabinose and D-galactose,the other carbon sources all had promotion effect on spore germination;yeast extract,peptone and beef extract were proved to be beneficial for mycelium growth and spore germination.Aspartic acid was only beneficial for spore germination;spores were just able to germinate when the relative humidity（RH）was greater than 90%,spore germination was the highest under water drops condition.[Conclusion]The results laid preliminary basis for the control of pineapple anthracnose.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to compare effects of nitrogen and potassium fertigation on yield and quality of pineapple during the late growing period. [Method] Urea, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride were taken as...[Objective] The aim was to compare effects of nitrogen and potassium fertigation on yield and quality of pineapple during the late growing period. [Method] Urea, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride were taken as three fertilizers which were set at three levels, respectively, and the group without additional fertilizers was taken as control group. [Result] Compared with control group, weight of individual pineapple was significantly increased by fertigation of urea at 7.5 kg or potassium sulfate at 18 kg per 667 m 2 and the increase yields were 22.5% and 28.9%, respectively. Effects of nitrogen and potassium fertigation on yield and quality of pineapple were compared. [Conclusion] Potassium sulfate fertigation would promote sugar accumulation and improve quality of fruits. Furthermore, chlorophyll content can be enhanced and photosynthetic capacity can be reinforced.展开更多
In this paper, the biomass productivity and nutrient cycling in an agroforestry system of coconut (Cocus nucifera) interplanted with pineapple (Ananas comosus) had been studied. The result showed that the biomass prod...In this paper, the biomass productivity and nutrient cycling in an agroforestry system of coconut (Cocus nucifera) interplanted with pineapple (Ananas comosus) had been studied. The result showed that the biomass productivity of this ecosystem was 47 460 kg...hm2...a?1, which was 4.3 times as much as that of pure coconut plantation. In the biological cycling of N, P. K elements, the total annual retention was 559.470 kg...hm?2, the annual return was 410.745 kg...hm?2, the annual uptake was 970.475 kg...hm?2, respectively. The average circulation rate in three nutrient elements (N, P, K) was 42.32%, which was 27.53% more than that in pure coconut stands. Coconut interplanted with pineapple was proved to be one of optimum cultural patterns, which had the higher biomass productivity, and better usage efficiency of environment resources in tropical areas.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Meth...Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Methods:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in rats.After 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Blood was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min.The plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) concentrations.Results:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the control.Pineapple peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg bw.Rats fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the activity.Increased AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.展开更多
Pineapple is the third largest tropical fruit in China. Pineapple industry played important roles in developing economies in tropical- and subtropical-areas in China. However, the structure of varieties is simple. The...Pineapple is the third largest tropical fruit in China. Pineapple industry played important roles in developing economies in tropical- and subtropical-areas in China. However, the structure of varieties is simple. The harvesting period is centralized. The price of pineapple fruits is often low. These challenges hindered the further development of pineapple industry. The people engaged in pineapple industry should select and cultivate new varieties with higher qualities and that can be harvested in a longer period. More work should be done in the technology on inducing inflorescence of new varieties. Precision fertilization for new varieties should be researched and developed. The technology for cultivating tissue-culture seedlings fast and at low cost should also be studied. The diseases in fruits should be prevented and controlled before harvesting.展开更多
Pineapple industry has played important roles in China’s economics in tropical- and subtropical-areas. Pineapple industry in China has been damaged by water-heart fruit. The objective of this research is to clarify t...Pineapple industry has played important roles in China’s economics in tropical- and subtropical-areas. Pineapple industry in China has been damaged by water-heart fruit. The objective of this research is to clarify the mechanism underlying water-heart fruit of pineapple and find ways for preventing water-heart fruit. We found that water logging can cause water-heart pineapple. The longer the pineapple plants were water logged, the more fruits were found water heart. With the development of fruits, the fruits’ sensitivity to water logging increased. Spraying potassium sulfate onto the fruits after the plants are water logged can decrease the rate of pineapple water-heart. But this effect became less with the fruit development. When sucrose and its precursors in intracellular space were transferred into sink cells, hydrogen ions were required. Because of lacking hydrogen ions, sucrose and its precursors were stopped in intracellular space and seized water from cells. Water-heart fruit formed. If potassium can be gotten in intracellular space, the roles of hydrogen ions might be replaced with potassium ions. With the help of potassium ions, sucrose and its precursors were transported into sink cells and the water-heart symptoms alleviated.展开更多
It has become necessary to assess how food processing methods affect qualitative qualities due to the increased consumer awareness of the health benefits of various nutrients in food. In the current study, the effects...It has become necessary to assess how food processing methods affect qualitative qualities due to the increased consumer awareness of the health benefits of various nutrients in food. In the current study, the effects of ultrasound treatment (37°C, 5 min), pasteurization (90°C, 5 min), and their combination on quality parameters, including pH, total soluble solids (TSSs), titratable acidity (TA), color values (L*, a*, b*), ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH), of pineapple juice from ripe and overripe pineapples were assessed. Color values (L*), ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity in all juice samples that were sonicated alone and in combination with pasteurization improved significantly (p and color value (a* and b*) decreased in comparison to the control. Whereas pH and acidity did not change significantly (p < 0.05). Pasteurization significantly (p , but sonicated samples significantly (p quality parameters and antioxidant activity, notably in ripe juice. Overall, pasteurization degraded these liquids but sonication, either alone or in combination with it, was advantageous for preserving their quality by retaining nutrients.展开更多
This study deals with the analysis of dynamic mechanical,thermal and flammability properties of treated and untreated pineapple leaf fiber(PALF)and kenaf fiber(KF)phenolic composites.Results indicated that storage mod...This study deals with the analysis of dynamic mechanical,thermal and flammability properties of treated and untreated pineapple leaf fiber(PALF)and kenaf fiber(KF)phenolic composites.Results indicated that storage modulus was decreased for all composites with increases in temperature and pattern of slopes for all composites,having almost the same values of E′at glass transition temperature(Tg).The peak of the loss modulus of pure phenolic composites was shown to be much less.After the addition of kenaf/PALF,peaks were higher and shifted towards a high temperature.The Tan delta peak height was low for pure phenolic composites and maximum for 60%PALF phenolic composites.Cole-Cole analysis was carried out to understand the phase behavior of the composite samples.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)results indicated that pure phenolic composites have better thermal stability than PALF and kenaf phenolic composites.Vertical and horizontal UL-94 tests were conducted and showed pure phenolic resin is highly fire resistant.The overall results showed that treated KF composites enhanced the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties among all PALF/KF composites.展开更多
In this study,pineapple leaf fiber(PALF),kenaf fiber(KF)and PALF/KF/phenolic(PF)composites were fabricated and their mechanical properties were investigated.The mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact)of the...In this study,pineapple leaf fiber(PALF),kenaf fiber(KF)and PALF/KF/phenolic(PF)composites were fabricated and their mechanical properties were investigated.The mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact)of the PALF/KF/PF hybrid composites were investigated and compared with PALF/KF composites.The 3P7K exhibited enhanced tensile strength(46.96 MPa)and modulus(6.84 GPa),flexural strength(84.21 MPa)and modulus(5.81 GPa),and impact strength(5.39 kJ/m2)when compared with the PALF/PF and KF/PF composites.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to observe the fracture surfaces of the tensile testing samples.The microstructure of the 7P3K hybrid composite showed good interfacial bonding and the addition of KF improved the interfacial strength.It has been concluded that the 3P7K ratio allowed obtaining materials with better mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact strengths)than PALF/PF and KF/PF composites.The results obtained in this study will be used for further comparative study of untreated hybrid composites with treated hybrid composites.展开更多
Increasing consumer awareness regarding the health benefits of different nutrients in food has led to the requirement of assessing the effect of food processing approaches on the quality attributes. The present work f...Increasing consumer awareness regarding the health benefits of different nutrients in food has led to the requirement of assessing the effect of food processing approaches on the quality attributes. The present work focuses on understanding the effects of ultrasound (US) processing, mild heat pasteurization (65°C for 15 min), thermal pasteurization (80°C for 15 min) and their combination on physicochemical, microbiological properties and nutritional quality of pineapple juice through 60 days of storage at room temperature. Ultrasound treatment showed significantly lower browning degree. Ultrasound followed by ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization (UMP) treatments was effective in retaining the total phenolic content of pineapple juice as compared to the thermal treatment or the untreated juice sample at room temperature during 60 days of storage. Thermal pasteurization (TP) followed by ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization (UMP) and ultrasound (US) treatment, in increasing order, was found to be effective in delaying microbial growth in pineapple juice. This study demonstrates that ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization treatments could be able to effectively inactivate the microorganisms and pectin methylesterase in pineapple juice whilst preserving relatively high amount of phenols.展开更多
The properties and constituent of pineapple fiber were tested, and on the base of that, chemical treatment was used to improve the spinnability of the fiber, and the pure and blended yarn of pineapple fiber were produ...The properties and constituent of pineapple fiber were tested, and on the base of that, chemical treatment was used to improve the spinnability of the fiber, and the pure and blended yarn of pineapple fiber were produced in worsted and cotton spinning system.展开更多
Pineapple mealybug wilt associated virus-2 （PMWaV-2） is an important pathogen causing Mealybug wilt of pineapple （MWP）. We established a realtime quantitative RT-PCR （RT-qPCR） method with TaqMan probe based on s...Pineapple mealybug wilt associated virus-2 （PMWaV-2） is an important pathogen causing Mealybug wilt of pineapple （MWP）. We established a realtime quantitative RT-PCR （RT-qPCR） method with TaqMan probe based on specific primers of conserved nucleotide sequence of PMWaV-2 coat protein gene. The results showed that the method was higldy sensitive to positive sample, but had no fluorescence signal to health sample and blank control. The sensitivity of RTqPCR was about 100 times higher than general PCR. Reproducibihty test revealed that the coefficients of variation between intra-and inter-assay were beth within 1.85%, indicating it was a quantitative detection method for PMWaV-2 with simple operation, strong specificity, high sensitivity, and reliable reproducibility.展开更多
Somaclonal variation in tissue culture is a common phenomenon induced by various external or internal environmental conditions,resulting in heritable or non-heritable alterations in gene expression. One crucial mechan...Somaclonal variation in tissue culture is a common phenomenon induced by various external or internal environmental conditions,resulting in heritable or non-heritable alterations in gene expression. One crucial mechanism involved in plant growth and development is epigenetic regulation. A highly dynamic epigenome can respond to environmental changes by regulating gene expression. DNA methylation is one of these epigenetic modifications that can alter gene expression in tissue-cultured pineapple plants. The underlying mechanism of such somaclonal variations in pineapple and the epigenetic regulation involvement in somaclonal variations has not been studied. This study performed DNA methylome and transcriptome sequencing of wild-type(WT) and mutant pineapple plants(WS, HW, and TW). We observed altered DNA methylation patterns in chlorophyll development in the mutants. Specifically, we noticed that the methylation levels in the CHG and CHH contexts were lower in the gene body regions compared to the upstream and downstream regions. We identified several thousand differentially methylated regions(DMRs) located at the gene body regions, some of which overlapped with the differentially expressed genes(DEGs). Functional enrichment analyses suggested that these genes were involved in chlorophyll metabolism. Thus, our results revealed that the transcriptional regulation of many chlorophyll metabolic essential genes could be regulated by DNA methylation caused by somaclonal variations and provided insights into epigenetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of chlorosis in pineapple plants.展开更多
RTE Pineapple chicken curry, a traditional Kerala recipe, was prepared and standardized by using de-boned broiler meat chunks, pineapple and spices. The product having both meat and gravy (1:1.9) was packed in polyeth...RTE Pineapple chicken curry, a traditional Kerala recipe, was prepared and standardized by using de-boned broiler meat chunks, pineapple and spices. The product having both meat and gravy (1:1.9) was packed in polyethylene pouches and stored at -18℃± 2℃for 6 months. During frozen storage, the free fatty acid (FFA) values were 0.28 - 0.46 (as percentage oleic acid) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values were 1.68 - 2.45 (mg of malonaldehyde/Kg of sample) increased in both meat and gravy. Meat and gravy pH were in the range of 5.5 to 6. Marginal decrease in shear force values (43.4 - 39.6 N) were also observed. During storage the SPC was found to be decreasing over period of storage (100, 40, 20, -18℃± 2℃for 6 months.展开更多
Currently, the production of minimally processed foods generates many by-products that are not optimally exploited. Pineapple and papaya peels dehydrated by circulating hot air and freeze drying, with different partic...Currently, the production of minimally processed foods generates many by-products that are not optimally exploited. Pineapple and papaya peels dehydrated by circulating hot air and freeze drying, with different particle sizes, were used as powder ingredients to enrich gummy candies. Modifications in soluble solids (°Bx), pH, water activity (aw), color, instrumental texture, and sensory perception of the products were assessed regarding powder-free controls. The inclusion of 5 g/100g of each fruit peel powder resulted in candies with stable acidity, °Bx, aw, and pH. Freeze-dried peels with smaller particle size produced better physicochemical, sensory, instrumental texture, and color characteristics because the powders were easily and homogeneously distributed, reinforcing thus the structure of the gel, and producing better coloring.展开更多
Forcing flower is an important step for planting pineapple. Although many papers have been reported about forcing flower for pineapple plants on the aim of harvesting fruits, no reports have been found about forcing f...Forcing flower is an important step for planting pineapple. Although many papers have been reported about forcing flower for pineapple plants on the aim of harvesting fruits, no reports have been found about forcing flower at seedling phase for preparing bonsai. In this paper, Tainong 4, Tainong 16 and Tainong 17 plants with 20 leaves were watered on stem apex with 40 ml of 0.13% of ethephron. Results showed that most of Tainong 4 plants flowered after being treated 30 days. None plant of Tainong 16 flowered after being treated 60 days. In the same variety, for example, Tainong 4, some plants flowered earlier, some plants flowered late. Tainong 4 was the most sensitive to ethephron at early-growth phase. Tainong 16 was the most insensitive variety. The low flower rate in this research might be due to that the pineapple plants were in early-vegetative-growth stage. They had not appropriate physiological conditions for forcing flowers. For making pineapple bonsai at early-vegetative-growth phase, higher doses of forcing-flower agent should be used than those of forcing-flower agent for harvesting fruits.展开更多
文摘Everyone who enters a marathon has their own way of doing things.This applies to the training done in preparation for the big day,but it also applies to the actual marathon itself.Clothing is a big consideration for these daring runners-you should make sure youll be comfy and not get too warm!But few people have an accessory quite like Moshe Lederfien.Every time you spot him in a marathon,without fail,he will have a pineapple on his head.The 70⁃year⁃old Israeli marathoner who has become famous for balancing a pineapple on his head during marathons,has received scrutiny(详细审查)from Spanish citizens.
基金Supported by the grands from National Sugarcane Industry Technology System(CARS-20-3-5)Science and Technology Development Foundation of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science(GNK 2015JZ31 GNK 2013JZ13,200905Zji)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.
基金Supported by Basic Research Operational Funds in Central Nonprofit Research Institutes"Research on Control Technology of the Major Pests and Diseases in Pineapple"(NO.2009hzs1J027)Scientific Operating Expenses in Hainan Province"Research on Demonstration of Quality Variety Introduction and Rapid Propagation Technology of Pineapple"(Qiong Financial Budget[2007]NO.134)Scientific Operating Expenses in Hainan Province"Research on Safety Regulation during TN 16 Pineapple Production Stage and Enhancement of Fruit Quality Technology"(Qiong Financial Budget[2010]NO.139)~~
文摘[Objective]The pathogen of pineapple anthracnose were isolated and identified,and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied.[Method]Pathogen was isolated and purified from the leaves collected from different areas in Hainan province which had been infected by pineapple anthracnose,and the biological characteristics were studied as well as morphological identification of the pathogen.[Results] The pathogen of pineapple anthracnose was identified as Colletorichum gloeosprioides Penz.through morphological characteristics.The results of biological characteristic test showed that the optimum temperature for mycelium growth and spore germination were 25-30 and 28-30 ℃,respectively;and the optimum pH value was 6.0-8.0;complete darkness was the best condition for growth of mycelium,while alternative light and darkness was most beneficial for spore germination;the best carbon sources for mycelium growth were glucose,D-fructose and maltose;except for L-arabinose and D-galactose,the other carbon sources all had promotion effect on spore germination;yeast extract,peptone and beef extract were proved to be beneficial for mycelium growth and spore germination.Aspartic acid was only beneficial for spore germination;spores were just able to germinate when the relative humidity（RH）was greater than 90%,spore germination was the highest under water drops condition.[Conclusion]The results laid preliminary basis for the control of pineapple anthracnose.
基金Supported by Fund on Basic Scientific Research Project of Nonprofit Central Research Institutions (sscri200718)948 Project of Ministry of Agriculture [2006-G34(A)]the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (3-41)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to compare effects of nitrogen and potassium fertigation on yield and quality of pineapple during the late growing period. [Method] Urea, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride were taken as three fertilizers which were set at three levels, respectively, and the group without additional fertilizers was taken as control group. [Result] Compared with control group, weight of individual pineapple was significantly increased by fertigation of urea at 7.5 kg or potassium sulfate at 18 kg per 667 m 2 and the increase yields were 22.5% and 28.9%, respectively. Effects of nitrogen and potassium fertigation on yield and quality of pineapple were compared. [Conclusion] Potassium sulfate fertigation would promote sugar accumulation and improve quality of fruits. Furthermore, chlorophyll content can be enhanced and photosynthetic capacity can be reinforced.
文摘In this paper, the biomass productivity and nutrient cycling in an agroforestry system of coconut (Cocus nucifera) interplanted with pineapple (Ananas comosus) had been studied. The result showed that the biomass productivity of this ecosystem was 47 460 kg...hm2...a?1, which was 4.3 times as much as that of pure coconut plantation. In the biological cycling of N, P. K elements, the total annual retention was 559.470 kg...hm?2, the annual return was 410.745 kg...hm?2, the annual uptake was 970.475 kg...hm?2, respectively. The average circulation rate in three nutrient elements (N, P, K) was 42.32%, which was 27.53% more than that in pure coconut stands. Coconut interplanted with pineapple was proved to be one of optimum cultural patterns, which had the higher biomass productivity, and better usage efficiency of environment resources in tropical areas.
文摘Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Methods:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in rats.After 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Blood was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min.The plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) concentrations.Results:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the control.Pineapple peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg bw.Rats fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the activity.Increased AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.
文摘Pineapple is the third largest tropical fruit in China. Pineapple industry played important roles in developing economies in tropical- and subtropical-areas in China. However, the structure of varieties is simple. The harvesting period is centralized. The price of pineapple fruits is often low. These challenges hindered the further development of pineapple industry. The people engaged in pineapple industry should select and cultivate new varieties with higher qualities and that can be harvested in a longer period. More work should be done in the technology on inducing inflorescence of new varieties. Precision fertilization for new varieties should be researched and developed. The technology for cultivating tissue-culture seedlings fast and at low cost should also be studied. The diseases in fruits should be prevented and controlled before harvesting.
文摘Pineapple industry has played important roles in China’s economics in tropical- and subtropical-areas. Pineapple industry in China has been damaged by water-heart fruit. The objective of this research is to clarify the mechanism underlying water-heart fruit of pineapple and find ways for preventing water-heart fruit. We found that water logging can cause water-heart pineapple. The longer the pineapple plants were water logged, the more fruits were found water heart. With the development of fruits, the fruits’ sensitivity to water logging increased. Spraying potassium sulfate onto the fruits after the plants are water logged can decrease the rate of pineapple water-heart. But this effect became less with the fruit development. When sucrose and its precursors in intracellular space were transferred into sink cells, hydrogen ions were required. Because of lacking hydrogen ions, sucrose and its precursors were stopped in intracellular space and seized water from cells. Water-heart fruit formed. If potassium can be gotten in intracellular space, the roles of hydrogen ions might be replaced with potassium ions. With the help of potassium ions, sucrose and its precursors were transported into sink cells and the water-heart symptoms alleviated.
文摘It has become necessary to assess how food processing methods affect qualitative qualities due to the increased consumer awareness of the health benefits of various nutrients in food. In the current study, the effects of ultrasound treatment (37°C, 5 min), pasteurization (90°C, 5 min), and their combination on quality parameters, including pH, total soluble solids (TSSs), titratable acidity (TA), color values (L*, a*, b*), ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH), of pineapple juice from ripe and overripe pineapples were assessed. Color values (L*), ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity in all juice samples that were sonicated alone and in combination with pasteurization improved significantly (p and color value (a* and b*) decreased in comparison to the control. Whereas pH and acidity did not change significantly (p < 0.05). Pasteurization significantly (p , but sonicated samples significantly (p quality parameters and antioxidant activity, notably in ripe juice. Overall, pasteurization degraded these liquids but sonication, either alone or in combination with it, was advantageous for preserving their quality by retaining nutrients.
文摘This study deals with the analysis of dynamic mechanical,thermal and flammability properties of treated and untreated pineapple leaf fiber(PALF)and kenaf fiber(KF)phenolic composites.Results indicated that storage modulus was decreased for all composites with increases in temperature and pattern of slopes for all composites,having almost the same values of E′at glass transition temperature(Tg).The peak of the loss modulus of pure phenolic composites was shown to be much less.After the addition of kenaf/PALF,peaks were higher and shifted towards a high temperature.The Tan delta peak height was low for pure phenolic composites and maximum for 60%PALF phenolic composites.Cole-Cole analysis was carried out to understand the phase behavior of the composite samples.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)results indicated that pure phenolic composites have better thermal stability than PALF and kenaf phenolic composites.Vertical and horizontal UL-94 tests were conducted and showed pure phenolic resin is highly fire resistant.The overall results showed that treated KF composites enhanced the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties among all PALF/KF composites.
文摘In this study,pineapple leaf fiber(PALF),kenaf fiber(KF)and PALF/KF/phenolic(PF)composites were fabricated and their mechanical properties were investigated.The mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact)of the PALF/KF/PF hybrid composites were investigated and compared with PALF/KF composites.The 3P7K exhibited enhanced tensile strength(46.96 MPa)and modulus(6.84 GPa),flexural strength(84.21 MPa)and modulus(5.81 GPa),and impact strength(5.39 kJ/m2)when compared with the PALF/PF and KF/PF composites.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to observe the fracture surfaces of the tensile testing samples.The microstructure of the 7P3K hybrid composite showed good interfacial bonding and the addition of KF improved the interfacial strength.It has been concluded that the 3P7K ratio allowed obtaining materials with better mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact strengths)than PALF/PF and KF/PF composites.The results obtained in this study will be used for further comparative study of untreated hybrid composites with treated hybrid composites.
文摘Increasing consumer awareness regarding the health benefits of different nutrients in food has led to the requirement of assessing the effect of food processing approaches on the quality attributes. The present work focuses on understanding the effects of ultrasound (US) processing, mild heat pasteurization (65°C for 15 min), thermal pasteurization (80°C for 15 min) and their combination on physicochemical, microbiological properties and nutritional quality of pineapple juice through 60 days of storage at room temperature. Ultrasound treatment showed significantly lower browning degree. Ultrasound followed by ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization (UMP) treatments was effective in retaining the total phenolic content of pineapple juice as compared to the thermal treatment or the untreated juice sample at room temperature during 60 days of storage. Thermal pasteurization (TP) followed by ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization (UMP) and ultrasound (US) treatment, in increasing order, was found to be effective in delaying microbial growth in pineapple juice. This study demonstrates that ultrasound combined with mild heat pasteurization treatments could be able to effectively inactivate the microorganisms and pectin methylesterase in pineapple juice whilst preserving relatively high amount of phenols.
基金This research work is financial support by the Education Ministry China.
文摘The properties and constituent of pineapple fiber were tested, and on the base of that, chemical treatment was used to improve the spinnability of the fiber, and the pure and blended yarn of pineapple fiber were produced in worsted and cotton spinning system.
基金Supported by Applied Research and Industrialization Projects of Key Science and Technology Plan of Hainan Province(ZDXM20130031)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201203021)+3 种基金Scientific Operation Fund of Hainan Province(QCY[2013]131)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(QK[2013]32)Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(ZDYF2016035)Special Program for Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXZX201410)
文摘Pineapple mealybug wilt associated virus-2 （PMWaV-2） is an important pathogen causing Mealybug wilt of pineapple （MWP）. We established a realtime quantitative RT-PCR （RT-qPCR） method with TaqMan probe based on specific primers of conserved nucleotide sequence of PMWaV-2 coat protein gene. The results showed that the method was higldy sensitive to positive sample, but had no fluorescence signal to health sample and blank control. The sensitivity of RTqPCR was about 100 times higher than general PCR. Reproducibihty test revealed that the coefficients of variation between intra-and inter-assay were beth within 1.85%, indicating it was a quantitative detection method for PMWaV-2 with simple operation, strong specificity, high sensitivity, and reliable reproducibility.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi (Grant No. Guike AA22068096)Guangxi Distinguished Experts Fellowship to YQ, Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi (Grant No. Guike 2018-266-Z01)+4 种基金Project of Guangxi featured fruit innovation team on pineapple breeding and cultivation post under national modern agricultural industry technology system (Grant No. nycytxgxcxtd-17-05)Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2019N5008)Science and technology innovation project of Pingtan Science and Technology Research Institute (Grant Nos. PT2021007, PT2021003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M632564)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970333, U1605212)。
文摘Somaclonal variation in tissue culture is a common phenomenon induced by various external or internal environmental conditions,resulting in heritable or non-heritable alterations in gene expression. One crucial mechanism involved in plant growth and development is epigenetic regulation. A highly dynamic epigenome can respond to environmental changes by regulating gene expression. DNA methylation is one of these epigenetic modifications that can alter gene expression in tissue-cultured pineapple plants. The underlying mechanism of such somaclonal variations in pineapple and the epigenetic regulation involvement in somaclonal variations has not been studied. This study performed DNA methylome and transcriptome sequencing of wild-type(WT) and mutant pineapple plants(WS, HW, and TW). We observed altered DNA methylation patterns in chlorophyll development in the mutants. Specifically, we noticed that the methylation levels in the CHG and CHH contexts were lower in the gene body regions compared to the upstream and downstream regions. We identified several thousand differentially methylated regions(DMRs) located at the gene body regions, some of which overlapped with the differentially expressed genes(DEGs). Functional enrichment analyses suggested that these genes were involved in chlorophyll metabolism. Thus, our results revealed that the transcriptional regulation of many chlorophyll metabolic essential genes could be regulated by DNA methylation caused by somaclonal variations and provided insights into epigenetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of chlorosis in pineapple plants.
文摘RTE Pineapple chicken curry, a traditional Kerala recipe, was prepared and standardized by using de-boned broiler meat chunks, pineapple and spices. The product having both meat and gravy (1:1.9) was packed in polyethylene pouches and stored at -18℃± 2℃for 6 months. During frozen storage, the free fatty acid (FFA) values were 0.28 - 0.46 (as percentage oleic acid) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values were 1.68 - 2.45 (mg of malonaldehyde/Kg of sample) increased in both meat and gravy. Meat and gravy pH were in the range of 5.5 to 6. Marginal decrease in shear force values (43.4 - 39.6 N) were also observed. During storage the SPC was found to be decreasing over period of storage (100, 40, 20, -18℃± 2℃for 6 months.
文摘Currently, the production of minimally processed foods generates many by-products that are not optimally exploited. Pineapple and papaya peels dehydrated by circulating hot air and freeze drying, with different particle sizes, were used as powder ingredients to enrich gummy candies. Modifications in soluble solids (°Bx), pH, water activity (aw), color, instrumental texture, and sensory perception of the products were assessed regarding powder-free controls. The inclusion of 5 g/100g of each fruit peel powder resulted in candies with stable acidity, °Bx, aw, and pH. Freeze-dried peels with smaller particle size produced better physicochemical, sensory, instrumental texture, and color characteristics because the powders were easily and homogeneously distributed, reinforcing thus the structure of the gel, and producing better coloring.
文摘Forcing flower is an important step for planting pineapple. Although many papers have been reported about forcing flower for pineapple plants on the aim of harvesting fruits, no reports have been found about forcing flower at seedling phase for preparing bonsai. In this paper, Tainong 4, Tainong 16 and Tainong 17 plants with 20 leaves were watered on stem apex with 40 ml of 0.13% of ethephron. Results showed that most of Tainong 4 plants flowered after being treated 30 days. None plant of Tainong 16 flowered after being treated 60 days. In the same variety, for example, Tainong 4, some plants flowered earlier, some plants flowered late. Tainong 4 was the most sensitive to ethephron at early-growth phase. Tainong 16 was the most insensitive variety. The low flower rate in this research might be due to that the pineapple plants were in early-vegetative-growth stage. They had not appropriate physiological conditions for forcing flowers. For making pineapple bonsai at early-vegetative-growth phase, higher doses of forcing-flower agent should be used than those of forcing-flower agent for harvesting fruits.
