AIM:To investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on retinal microcirculation by comparing different alcohol-consuming groups using optical coherence tomography(OCT)and OCT angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This o...AIM:To investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on retinal microcirculation by comparing different alcohol-consuming groups using optical coherence tomography(OCT)and OCT angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This observational clinical study utilized a cross-sectional and prospective design,focusing on chronic alcohol consumers alongside a non-consuming control group.OCT/OCTA imaging parameters including central retinal subfield thickness(CST),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SCT),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)and vessel density(VD)in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses in both the macular and optic disc(OD)regions were recorded.Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0;descriptive statistics were reported,group comparisons were performed with Chisquare,Kruskal–Wallis,and Bonferroni-corrected Mann–Whitney U tests,and relationships were assessed using Spearman correlation,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS:A total of 160 eyes of 160 participants(110 females and 50 males with mean age 38.7±9.9y)who don’t smoke were divided into five groups:never,occasional,monthly,weekly and daily drinkers.The mean CST was 216.6±14.2μm and the mean SCT was 358.9±84.5μm.There was no statistically significantly difference in CST and SCT among the groups(P=0.890,0.799).Foveal superficial capillary plexuses(SCPs)VD was higher in monthly drinkers compared to occasional drinkers(P=0.015).Foveal VD in deep capillary plexus was also higher in monthly drinkers than in never and occasional drinkers(P=0.004,0.006).Nasal SCPs VD at the OD was higher in monthly drinkers compared to never drinkers(P=0.005).There was no significant difference FAZ area among the groups(P=0.071).CONCLUSION:Both superficial and deep microvascular structures in the inferior quadrants of macula are positively correlated with frequency of alcohol use.Also in our study results is that the monthly drinker group has uniquely higher VDs in both macula and OD.This leads us to consider moderate alcohol consumption may also have protective effects on retinal microcirculation.展开更多
Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forc...Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forced air cooling,often struggle to transfer heat efficiently.In contrast,thermoelectric coolers(TECs)provide an innovative active cooling solution to meet growing thermal management demands.In this research,a refrigerant based on mono ethylene glycol and distilled water was used instead of using gases,in addition to using thermoelectric cooling units instead of using a compressor in traditional refrigeration systems.This study evaluates the performance of a Peltierbased thermalmanagement systemby analyzing the effects of using two,three,and four Peltiermodules on cooling rates,power consumption,temperature reduction,and system efficiency.Experimental results indicate that increasing the number of Peltier modules significantly enhances cooling performance.The four-module system achieved an optimal balance between cooling speed and energy efficiency,reducing the temperature of a liquidmixture(30% mono ethylene glycol+70% distilled water plus laser dyes)to 8℃ in just 17 min.It demonstrated a cooling rate of 0.794℃/min and a high coefficient of performance(COP)of 1.2 while consuming less energy than the two-and three-module systems.Furthermore,the study revealed that increasing the number of modules led to faster air cooling and improved temperature reduction.These findings highlight the importance of selecting the optimal number of Peltier modules to enhance efficiency and cooling speed whileminimizing energy consumption.This makes TEC technology a sustainable and effective solution for applications requiring rapid and reliable thermal management.展开更多
Elevated lactate levels in solid tumors contribute to immunosuppression,metabolic reprogramming,and resistance to therapy.Although lactate oxidase(LOX)offers a viable strategy for in situ lactate depletion,its therape...Elevated lactate levels in solid tumors contribute to immunosuppression,metabolic reprogramming,and resistance to therapy.Although lactate oxidase(LOX)offers a viable strategy for in situ lactate depletion,its therapeutic efficacy is fundamentally limited by tumor hypoxia due to the oxygen dependence of LOX.Here,we report a hybrid nanomaterial-microbial system that enables hypoxiaresistant lactate catabolism through near-infrared(NIR)-IIb-triggered upconverson photosynthesis.This system integrates LOX-producing Escherichia coli(E.coli)with Chlorella(Chl)and lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs),which convert deeply penetrating 1550 nm light into visible emission to drive oxygenic photosynthesis.Unlike conventional photosynthetic oxygenation approaches limited by shallow visible light penetration,this system enables spatiotemporally controlled oxygen generation deep within tumors,sustaining LOX activity under hypoxia.In murine tumor models,the hybrid symbionts significantly inhibited tumor growth,promoted T cell infiltration,and induced durable immune memory.This work establishes a versatile optogeneticmetabolic platform for overcoming oxygen-limited metabolism in cancer therapy via deep-tissue-activatable microbial photosynthesis.展开更多
The rise of antimicrobial resistance,particularly in healthcare-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens,poses a critical global challenge.The extensive use of carbapenems has exace...The rise of antimicrobial resistance,particularly in healthcare-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens,poses a critical global challenge.The extensive use of carbapenems has exacerbated this issue by increasing selective pressure within bacterial populations.This study aimed to investigate the association between carbapenem consumption and resistance rates in four priority Gram-negative bacteria:Escherichia coli(EC),Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP),Acinetobacter baumannii(AB),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA).Retrospective data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,covering the period from January 2010 to December 2022.Trends in carbapenem consumption and resistance were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test to assess statistical significance and the Sen’s slope(SS)estimator to determine the magnitude of change.Correlations between carbapenem use and bacterial resistance rates were evaluated via Spearman correlation analysis.Over the study period,the consumption of meropenem,imipenem,biapenem,and total carbapenems exhibited a significant upward trend(|Z|>1.96,SS>0).Correspondingly,the resistance rates of EC and KP to meropenem and imipenem also increased significantly(|Z|>1.96,SS>0).A strong positive correlation was observed between the resistance rate of EC to meropenem and the defined daily doses(DDDs)of meropenem(r=0.732,P<0.05)and between EC resistance to imipenem and its DDDs(r=0.49,P<0.05).Similar significant correlations were identified for KP.However,no significant associations were found between carbapenem resistance in AB or PA and carbapenem consumption.These findings underscored the strong correlation between carbapenem use and the resistance rates of EC and KP,highlighting the urgent need for stringent control and stewardship of carbapenem use in clinical settings to mitigate or delay the development of bacterial drug resistance.展开更多
Phase change absorbents based on amine chemical absorption for CO_(2)capture exhibit energy-saving potential,but generally suffer from difficulties in CO_(2)regeneration.Alcohol,characterized as a protic reagent with ...Phase change absorbents based on amine chemical absorption for CO_(2)capture exhibit energy-saving potential,but generally suffer from difficulties in CO_(2)regeneration.Alcohol,characterized as a protic reagent with a low dielectric constant,can provide free protons to the rich phase of the absorbent,thereby facilitating CO_(2)regeneration.In this investigation,N-aminoethylpiperazine(AEP)/sulfolane/H_(2)O was employed as the liquid-liquid phase change absorbent,with alcohol serving as the regulator.First,appropriate ion pair models were constructed to simulate the solvent effect of the CO_(2)products in different alcohol solutions.The results demonstrated that these ion pair products reached the maximum solvation-free energy(△E_(solvation))in the rich phase containing ethanol(EtOH).Desorption experiment results validated that the inclusion of EtOH led to a maximum regeneration rate of 0.00763 mol/min,thus confirming EtOH’s suitability as the preferred regulator.Quantum chemical calculations and^(13)C NMR characterization were performed,revealing that the addition of EtOH resulted in the partial conversion of AEP-carbamate(AEPCOO−)into a new product known as ethyl carbonate(C_(2)H_(5)OCOO−),which enhanced the regeneration reactivity.In addition,the decomposition paths of different CO_(2)products were simulated visually,and every reaction’s activation energy(△E_(act))was calculated.Remarkably,the△E_(act)for the decomposition of C_(2)H_(5)OCOO−(9.465 kJ/mol)was lower than that of the AEPCOO−(26.163 kJ/mol),implying that CO_(2)was more likely to be released.Finally,the regeneration energy consumption of the alcohol-regulated absorbentwas estimated to be only 1.92 GJ/ton CO_(2),which had excellent energy-saving potential.展开更多
Molten salt gasification is a promising technology for biomass conversion due to its advantages of superior heat transfer and the ability of utilizing solar energy to reduce carbon emission.In this study,the character...Molten salt gasification is a promising technology for biomass conversion due to its advantages of superior heat transfer and the ability of utilizing solar energy to reduce carbon emission.In this study,the characteristics of corncob CO_(2)-gasification in molten salt environments is thoroughly investigated,and the approach of introducing Fe_(2)O_(3) as catalyst to enhance the syngas yield is proposed.The results showed that the molten salts significantly promoted the conversion of corncob into gaseous products with very low tar and char yield.Compared to O_(2) and H_(2)O atmospheres,utilizing CO_(2) as gasifying agent enhanced the yield of gaseous products during the corncob gasification,especially the yields of CO and H_(2).The introduction of Fe_(2)O_(3) as a catalyst could further increase the yield of gaseous products and the cold gas efficiency(CGE),and the yield of syngas was increased into 2258.3 ml·g^(−1) with a high CGE of 105.8%in 900℃.The findings evidenced that CO_(2) gasification in the molten salt environment with Fe_(2)O_(3) addition can promote the cracking of tar,increasing the syngas yield significantly.Moreover,the energy required to drive the gasification process was calculated,and the total energy consumption was calculated as 16.83 GJ·t^(−1).The study opened up a new solution for the biomass gasification,exhibiting a great potential in distributed energy or chemical systems.展开更多
As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy o...As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy output limit its profitability in the electricity market and hinder its market-based integration.This paper first constructs a wind-solar-thermalmulti-energy complementary system,analyzes its external game relationships,and develops a bi-level market optimization model.Then,it considers the contribution levels of internal participants to establish a comprehensive internal distribution evaluation index system.Finally,simulation studies using the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrate that the multi-energy complementary system stabilizes nodal outputs,enhances the profitability of market participants,and promotes the market-based integration of renewable energy.展开更多
The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a nove...The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.展开更多
Bathed in the golden light of September,Beijing’s Shougang Park hosted the 2025 China International Fair for Trade in Services(CIFTIS).At the heart of the event,a dynamic spirit of renewal was evident,as emerging pat...Bathed in the golden light of September,Beijing’s Shougang Park hosted the 2025 China International Fair for Trade in Services(CIFTIS).At the heart of the event,a dynamic spirit of renewal was evident,as emerging patterns in cultural,tourism,and sports consumption unfolded throughout the fair.From the creative integration of the centuries-old Peking Opera with innovative business models,to immersive sports experiences and the rollout of streamlined tax refund procedures for international visitors,the fair showcased a nuanced yet significant shift in consumption practices.展开更多
New Policy to Boost Consumption Chinese authorities on 30 October issued a notice regarding improvements to the policies of duty-free shops aimed at boosting consumption.Effective on 1 November,the policies aim to enc...New Policy to Boost Consumption Chinese authorities on 30 October issued a notice regarding improvements to the policies of duty-free shops aimed at boosting consumption.Effective on 1 November,the policies aim to encourage consumers to shop domestically,according to the notice jointly issued by the Ministry of Finance and four other departments.展开更多
In modern society,influenced by mass culture and internal alienation,people experience alienation in the consumption field.The impulsive and excessive consumption of consumers not only reflects the changes in consumpt...In modern society,influenced by mass culture and internal alienation,people experience alienation in the consumption field.The impulsive and excessive consumption of consumers not only reflects the changes in consumption culture but is also the result of the combined action of market,technological,and psychological factors.The shopping spree in the context of e-commerce festival creation is due to the hard control of science and technology and the soft penetration of mass culture,which fully invade individuals’work and life,evoke false and excessive demands,and thus generate consumption.The practical path to get rid of consumption alienation and return to rational consumption can start from three aspects:aesthetic awakening,concept guidance,and environmental regulation.展开更多
On July 16th,the textile industry is one of the biggest consumers of water globally,requiring approximately 93 billion cubic meters annually.This is equivalent to around 4% of the total freshwater consumed worldwide.T...On July 16th,the textile industry is one of the biggest consumers of water globally,requiring approximately 93 billion cubic meters annually.This is equivalent to around 4% of the total freshwater consumed worldwide.The industry is facing increasing criticism as a result and is coming under pressure.Sustainability is therefore no longer just about image,but is a key competitive factor for textile manufacturers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatectomy triggers complex metabolic changes as the liver adapts to the loss of functional mass and initiates regeneration.These changes impact carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,as well as energy ...BACKGROUND Hepatectomy triggers complex metabolic changes as the liver adapts to the loss of functional mass and initiates regeneration.These changes impact carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,as well as energy and oxygen dynamics.A deeper understanding of these shifts is essential for improving perioperative management and enhancing long-term outcomes.AIM To review and synthesise the current understanding of metabolic changes following hepatectomy and explore their implications for perioperative care,postoperative recovery,and long-term patient outcomes.METHODS A narrative review was conducted using PubMed,Cochrane,and Scopus databases to identify relevant human studies published up to December 2024.Search terms included“hepatectomy”,“liver resection”,“metabolic changes”,and related phrases.Studies focusing on metabolic adaptations—specifically changes in glucose,lipid,protein metabolism,and energy consumption—were included.RESULTS Hepatectomy induces a shift toward gluconeogenesis and transient insulin resistance,increased lipid oxidation,amino acid imbalance,and a heightened inflammatory response,especially during ischaemia-reperfusion injury.These changes vary with the extent of resection and the presence of underlying liver disease.Novel insights include the role of the physiologic Pringle manoeuvre(a pharmacologic alternative to mechanical clamping)and metabolomic biomarkers for assessing surgical risk and liver regeneration.CONCLUSION Understanding the metabolic adaptations following hepatectomy provides an opportunity to optimise perioperative care strategies such as nutrition,glucose and lipid management,and mitigation of ischaemia-reperfusion injury.Integrating these insights may enhance surgical outcomes,particularly in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.展开更多
From AR-enhanced picture books to eco-friendly smart toys,the items now filling children’s shopping carts are more than just products-they epitomize the transformation of consumption in the new era.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the profile of psychoactive substance users in Senegal from 2018 to 2022. Methodology: These were retrospective descriptive studies of patient consultation and hospital...Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the profile of psychoactive substance users in Senegal from 2018 to 2022. Methodology: These were retrospective descriptive studies of patient consultation and hospitalization records in the 17 psychiatric and addictology care centers in Senegal from 2018 to 2022. This was an exhaustive survey. All usable consultation and hospitalization registers were included in the study. Non-usable consultation and hospitalization registers were not included. Data were collected from January 1 to December 31 of each respective year. Data were cleaned using Excel before analysis. R software version 4.3.3 was used for analysis. Results: Between 2018 and 2022, 26,029 patients were registered in mental health facilities in Senegal. The Fann Psychiatry Department (CHNU Fann) admitted 23.2% of patients and the Thiaroye National Psychiatric Hospital registered 17.6% of drug users. For the year 2019, we found 8259 and in 2021, we had 6607 patients. The male gender was more represented with 14,750 patients, or 90.9%. The age group [25 - 34] was the majority (7013 patients or 39.5%). The majority of patients (17,425 patients, or 84.6%) were followed as outpatients. The drugs were mainly inhaled (96.7%). The most consumed substance was cannabis with 8847 patients, or 54.2%. Withdrawal was the main reason for treatment, 11,614 patients, or 85.7%. Conclusion: In the light of the results of our study, we can say that the use of psychoactive substances is a real public health and development problem in Senegal. The peaks in psychoactive substance consumption preceded the peaks in psychiatric care centers, so we need to promote information, education and communication on the harmful effects of psychoactive substance consumption among the population in general and young people in particular, in order to safeguard the country’s development.展开更多
The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of China’s comprehensive implementation of the new energy security strategy,“Four Revolutions,One Cooperation.”Over the past decade,China has experienced a series of signif...The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of China’s comprehensive implementation of the new energy security strategy,“Four Revolutions,One Cooperation.”Over the past decade,China has experienced a series of significant changes in its energy sector,promoting comprehensive reforms in energy consumption patterns and consistently pursuing a cleaner,low-carbon energy structure.The country has accelerated the development of a diverse and clean energy supply system,creating a multifaceted supply network driven by coal,oil,gas,nuclear,and renewable energy sources,and continuously enhancing its energy supply capacity.By leveraging technological innovation as the primary driving force,China has thoroughly deepened energy system reforms to unleash market vitality and has strengthened international cooperation in the energy sector across all dimensions.The construction of a strong energy nation has further advanced,with significantly enhanced security assurance capabilities,effectively supporting and serving the healthy development of the economy and society.To accelerate the development of a new energy system,relevant national departments have introduced a series of industry policies and reform proposals in the energy sector.These initiatives aim to strongly support high-quality energy development by strengthening energy supply security,promoting a green and low-carbon energy transition,enhancing energy utilization efficiency,and improving energy market mechanisms and regulation.展开更多
Total nitrogen(TN)removal is one of the key issues in improving water quality,while the traditional nitrification-denitrification process with its high energy consumption is unsustainable,due to greenhouse gas(GHG)emi...Total nitrogen(TN)removal is one of the key issues in improving water quality,while the traditional nitrification-denitrification process with its high energy consumption is unsustainable,due to greenhouse gas(GHG)emission.A method using organic-inorganic pellets and selectedmicroalgae that can operate without electricity consumption was designed for TN removal in actual wastewater treatment.The results showed that the TN removal efficiencies with different pellets were 88.2%±2.2%,86.6%±3.0%,85.4%±4.3%,and 82.3%±6.5%,respectively.Microalgae assimilated inorganic nitrogen within cells,resulting in a significant positive relationship with TN(P<0.05),and effectively removed TNthrough sedimentation.The pellets adsorbed nitrogen andmicroorganisms,released organic substances to regulate the ratio of water chemical oxygen demand(COD)to TN,and correspondingly influenced microbial growth.Microalgae and bacteria such as Romboutsia,Proteiniclasticum,and Rhodopseudomonas cooperated to form a mixed aerobic(water)-anaerobic(pellets)environment in the devices,and acted synergistically to remove TN.This study verifies the feasibility of TN removal with only solar energy in a low flow application in large spaces,benefiting carbon neutrality in wastewater treatment.展开更多
Boosting Tourism and Consumption.China plans to accelerate the availability of tax refund stores for eligible overseas visitors to about 10,000 shops nationwide this year,almost tripling the current number,as the coun...Boosting Tourism and Consumption.China plans to accelerate the availability of tax refund stores for eligible overseas visitors to about 10,000 shops nationwide this year,almost tripling the current number,as the country continues to boost inbound tourism and consumption,a senior official said.展开更多
Motion recognition refers to the intelligent recognition of human motion using data collected from wearable sensors,which exceedingly has gained significant interest from both academic and industrial fields.However,te...Motion recognition refers to the intelligent recognition of human motion using data collected from wearable sensors,which exceedingly has gained significant interest from both academic and industrial fields.However,temporary-sudden activities caused by accidental behavior pose a major challenge to motion recognition and have been largely overlooked in existing works.To address this problem,the multi-dimensional time series of motion data is modeled as a Time-Frequency(TF)tensor,and the original challenge is transformed into a problem of outlier-corrupted tensor pattern recognition,where transient sudden activity data are considered as outliers.Since the TF tensor can capture the latent spatio-temporal correlations of the motion data,the tensor MPCA is used to derive the principal spatio-temporal pattern of the motion data.However,traditional MPCA uses the squared F-norm as the projection distance measure,which makes it sensitive to the presence of outlier motion data.Therefore,in the proposed outlier-robust MPCA scheme,the F-norm with the desirable geometric properties is used as the distance measure to simultaneously mitigate the interference of outlier motion data while preserving rotational invariance.Moreover,to reduce the complexity of outlier-robust motion recognition,we impose the proposed outlier-robust MPCA scheme on the traditional MPCANet which is a low-complexity deep learning network.The experimental results show that our proposed outlier-robust MPCANet can simultaneously improve motion recognition performance and reduce the complexity,especially in practical scenarios where the real-time data is corrupted by temporary-sudden activities.展开更多
In the context of the integration of culture and tourism,the role of museums in promoting tourism has become increasingly significant.Thus,“traveling to visit museums”has emerged as a new leisure trend and consumpti...In the context of the integration of culture and tourism,the role of museums in promoting tourism has become increasingly significant.Thus,“traveling to visit museums”has emerged as a new leisure trend and consumption fad.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on retinal microcirculation by comparing different alcohol-consuming groups using optical coherence tomography(OCT)and OCT angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This observational clinical study utilized a cross-sectional and prospective design,focusing on chronic alcohol consumers alongside a non-consuming control group.OCT/OCTA imaging parameters including central retinal subfield thickness(CST),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SCT),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)and vessel density(VD)in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses in both the macular and optic disc(OD)regions were recorded.Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0;descriptive statistics were reported,group comparisons were performed with Chisquare,Kruskal–Wallis,and Bonferroni-corrected Mann–Whitney U tests,and relationships were assessed using Spearman correlation,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS:A total of 160 eyes of 160 participants(110 females and 50 males with mean age 38.7±9.9y)who don’t smoke were divided into five groups:never,occasional,monthly,weekly and daily drinkers.The mean CST was 216.6±14.2μm and the mean SCT was 358.9±84.5μm.There was no statistically significantly difference in CST and SCT among the groups(P=0.890,0.799).Foveal superficial capillary plexuses(SCPs)VD was higher in monthly drinkers compared to occasional drinkers(P=0.015).Foveal VD in deep capillary plexus was also higher in monthly drinkers than in never and occasional drinkers(P=0.004,0.006).Nasal SCPs VD at the OD was higher in monthly drinkers compared to never drinkers(P=0.005).There was no significant difference FAZ area among the groups(P=0.071).CONCLUSION:Both superficial and deep microvascular structures in the inferior quadrants of macula are positively correlated with frequency of alcohol use.Also in our study results is that the monthly drinker group has uniquely higher VDs in both macula and OD.This leads us to consider moderate alcohol consumption may also have protective effects on retinal microcirculation.
文摘Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forced air cooling,often struggle to transfer heat efficiently.In contrast,thermoelectric coolers(TECs)provide an innovative active cooling solution to meet growing thermal management demands.In this research,a refrigerant based on mono ethylene glycol and distilled water was used instead of using gases,in addition to using thermoelectric cooling units instead of using a compressor in traditional refrigeration systems.This study evaluates the performance of a Peltierbased thermalmanagement systemby analyzing the effects of using two,three,and four Peltiermodules on cooling rates,power consumption,temperature reduction,and system efficiency.Experimental results indicate that increasing the number of Peltier modules significantly enhances cooling performance.The four-module system achieved an optimal balance between cooling speed and energy efficiency,reducing the temperature of a liquidmixture(30% mono ethylene glycol+70% distilled water plus laser dyes)to 8℃ in just 17 min.It demonstrated a cooling rate of 0.794℃/min and a high coefficient of performance(COP)of 1.2 while consuming less energy than the two-and three-module systems.Furthermore,the study revealed that increasing the number of modules led to faster air cooling and improved temperature reduction.These findings highlight the importance of selecting the optimal number of Peltier modules to enhance efficiency and cooling speed whileminimizing energy consumption.This makes TEC technology a sustainable and effective solution for applications requiring rapid and reliable thermal management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172289)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the"Pioneer"and"Leading Goose"R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2024C03175)+5 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82473004)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY22H160019)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.Y-MSDZD2022-0161)Research Foundation of China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay(No.XQZX20230017)Beijing Life Science Academy(BLSA,No.2023400CA0100)Open Funding Program of State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization(No.2025QZ2663).
文摘Elevated lactate levels in solid tumors contribute to immunosuppression,metabolic reprogramming,and resistance to therapy.Although lactate oxidase(LOX)offers a viable strategy for in situ lactate depletion,its therapeutic efficacy is fundamentally limited by tumor hypoxia due to the oxygen dependence of LOX.Here,we report a hybrid nanomaterial-microbial system that enables hypoxiaresistant lactate catabolism through near-infrared(NIR)-IIb-triggered upconverson photosynthesis.This system integrates LOX-producing Escherichia coli(E.coli)with Chlorella(Chl)and lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs),which convert deeply penetrating 1550 nm light into visible emission to drive oxygenic photosynthesis.Unlike conventional photosynthetic oxygenation approaches limited by shallow visible light penetration,this system enables spatiotemporally controlled oxygen generation deep within tumors,sustaining LOX activity under hypoxia.In murine tumor models,the hybrid symbionts significantly inhibited tumor growth,promoted T cell infiltration,and induced durable immune memory.This work establishes a versatile optogeneticmetabolic platform for overcoming oxygen-limited metabolism in cancer therapy via deep-tissue-activatable microbial photosynthesis.
基金The Henan Key Research and Development and Promotion Project(Grant No.232102310245)the Joint Construction Project of Medical Science and Technology of Henan Province(Grant No.LHGJ20220426).
文摘The rise of antimicrobial resistance,particularly in healthcare-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens,poses a critical global challenge.The extensive use of carbapenems has exacerbated this issue by increasing selective pressure within bacterial populations.This study aimed to investigate the association between carbapenem consumption and resistance rates in four priority Gram-negative bacteria:Escherichia coli(EC),Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP),Acinetobacter baumannii(AB),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA).Retrospective data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,covering the period from January 2010 to December 2022.Trends in carbapenem consumption and resistance were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test to assess statistical significance and the Sen’s slope(SS)estimator to determine the magnitude of change.Correlations between carbapenem use and bacterial resistance rates were evaluated via Spearman correlation analysis.Over the study period,the consumption of meropenem,imipenem,biapenem,and total carbapenems exhibited a significant upward trend(|Z|>1.96,SS>0).Correspondingly,the resistance rates of EC and KP to meropenem and imipenem also increased significantly(|Z|>1.96,SS>0).A strong positive correlation was observed between the resistance rate of EC to meropenem and the defined daily doses(DDDs)of meropenem(r=0.732,P<0.05)and between EC resistance to imipenem and its DDDs(r=0.49,P<0.05).Similar significant correlations were identified for KP.However,no significant associations were found between carbapenem resistance in AB or PA and carbapenem consumption.These findings underscored the strong correlation between carbapenem use and the resistance rates of EC and KP,highlighting the urgent need for stringent control and stewardship of carbapenem use in clinical settings to mitigate or delay the development of bacterial drug resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22278168 and 22276064)the MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization(No.KLRE-KF202205)the Science and Technology Project of Fujian province(No.2022Y3007).
文摘Phase change absorbents based on amine chemical absorption for CO_(2)capture exhibit energy-saving potential,but generally suffer from difficulties in CO_(2)regeneration.Alcohol,characterized as a protic reagent with a low dielectric constant,can provide free protons to the rich phase of the absorbent,thereby facilitating CO_(2)regeneration.In this investigation,N-aminoethylpiperazine(AEP)/sulfolane/H_(2)O was employed as the liquid-liquid phase change absorbent,with alcohol serving as the regulator.First,appropriate ion pair models were constructed to simulate the solvent effect of the CO_(2)products in different alcohol solutions.The results demonstrated that these ion pair products reached the maximum solvation-free energy(△E_(solvation))in the rich phase containing ethanol(EtOH).Desorption experiment results validated that the inclusion of EtOH led to a maximum regeneration rate of 0.00763 mol/min,thus confirming EtOH’s suitability as the preferred regulator.Quantum chemical calculations and^(13)C NMR characterization were performed,revealing that the addition of EtOH resulted in the partial conversion of AEP-carbamate(AEPCOO−)into a new product known as ethyl carbonate(C_(2)H_(5)OCOO−),which enhanced the regeneration reactivity.In addition,the decomposition paths of different CO_(2)products were simulated visually,and every reaction’s activation energy(△E_(act))was calculated.Remarkably,the△E_(act)for the decomposition of C_(2)H_(5)OCOO−(9.465 kJ/mol)was lower than that of the AEPCOO−(26.163 kJ/mol),implying that CO_(2)was more likely to be released.Finally,the regeneration energy consumption of the alcohol-regulated absorbentwas estimated to be only 1.92 GJ/ton CO_(2),which had excellent energy-saving potential.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52066007,22279048)the Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(202202AG050017).
文摘Molten salt gasification is a promising technology for biomass conversion due to its advantages of superior heat transfer and the ability of utilizing solar energy to reduce carbon emission.In this study,the characteristics of corncob CO_(2)-gasification in molten salt environments is thoroughly investigated,and the approach of introducing Fe_(2)O_(3) as catalyst to enhance the syngas yield is proposed.The results showed that the molten salts significantly promoted the conversion of corncob into gaseous products with very low tar and char yield.Compared to O_(2) and H_(2)O atmospheres,utilizing CO_(2) as gasifying agent enhanced the yield of gaseous products during the corncob gasification,especially the yields of CO and H_(2).The introduction of Fe_(2)O_(3) as a catalyst could further increase the yield of gaseous products and the cold gas efficiency(CGE),and the yield of syngas was increased into 2258.3 ml·g^(−1) with a high CGE of 105.8%in 900℃.The findings evidenced that CO_(2) gasification in the molten salt environment with Fe_(2)O_(3) addition can promote the cracking of tar,increasing the syngas yield significantly.Moreover,the energy required to drive the gasification process was calculated,and the total energy consumption was calculated as 16.83 GJ·t^(−1).The study opened up a new solution for the biomass gasification,exhibiting a great potential in distributed energy or chemical systems.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China,grant number 2019YFB1505400.
文摘As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy output limit its profitability in the electricity market and hinder its market-based integration.This paper first constructs a wind-solar-thermalmulti-energy complementary system,analyzes its external game relationships,and develops a bi-level market optimization model.Then,it considers the contribution levels of internal participants to establish a comprehensive internal distribution evaluation index system.Finally,simulation studies using the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrate that the multi-energy complementary system stabilizes nodal outputs,enhances the profitability of market participants,and promotes the market-based integration of renewable energy.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024JBZX038)National Natural Science F oundation of China(62076023)。
文摘The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.
文摘Bathed in the golden light of September,Beijing’s Shougang Park hosted the 2025 China International Fair for Trade in Services(CIFTIS).At the heart of the event,a dynamic spirit of renewal was evident,as emerging patterns in cultural,tourism,and sports consumption unfolded throughout the fair.From the creative integration of the centuries-old Peking Opera with innovative business models,to immersive sports experiences and the rollout of streamlined tax refund procedures for international visitors,the fair showcased a nuanced yet significant shift in consumption practices.
文摘New Policy to Boost Consumption Chinese authorities on 30 October issued a notice regarding improvements to the policies of duty-free shops aimed at boosting consumption.Effective on 1 November,the policies aim to encourage consumers to shop domestically,according to the notice jointly issued by the Ministry of Finance and four other departments.
基金“Construction and Practice of the Collaborative Education Model for the‘Ideological and Political Education+Archaeology’Experimental Class”(Project No.2023XYB039)。
文摘In modern society,influenced by mass culture and internal alienation,people experience alienation in the consumption field.The impulsive and excessive consumption of consumers not only reflects the changes in consumption culture but is also the result of the combined action of market,technological,and psychological factors.The shopping spree in the context of e-commerce festival creation is due to the hard control of science and technology and the soft penetration of mass culture,which fully invade individuals’work and life,evoke false and excessive demands,and thus generate consumption.The practical path to get rid of consumption alienation and return to rational consumption can start from three aspects:aesthetic awakening,concept guidance,and environmental regulation.
文摘On July 16th,the textile industry is one of the biggest consumers of water globally,requiring approximately 93 billion cubic meters annually.This is equivalent to around 4% of the total freshwater consumed worldwide.The industry is facing increasing criticism as a result and is coming under pressure.Sustainability is therefore no longer just about image,but is a key competitive factor for textile manufacturers.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatectomy triggers complex metabolic changes as the liver adapts to the loss of functional mass and initiates regeneration.These changes impact carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,as well as energy and oxygen dynamics.A deeper understanding of these shifts is essential for improving perioperative management and enhancing long-term outcomes.AIM To review and synthesise the current understanding of metabolic changes following hepatectomy and explore their implications for perioperative care,postoperative recovery,and long-term patient outcomes.METHODS A narrative review was conducted using PubMed,Cochrane,and Scopus databases to identify relevant human studies published up to December 2024.Search terms included“hepatectomy”,“liver resection”,“metabolic changes”,and related phrases.Studies focusing on metabolic adaptations—specifically changes in glucose,lipid,protein metabolism,and energy consumption—were included.RESULTS Hepatectomy induces a shift toward gluconeogenesis and transient insulin resistance,increased lipid oxidation,amino acid imbalance,and a heightened inflammatory response,especially during ischaemia-reperfusion injury.These changes vary with the extent of resection and the presence of underlying liver disease.Novel insights include the role of the physiologic Pringle manoeuvre(a pharmacologic alternative to mechanical clamping)and metabolomic biomarkers for assessing surgical risk and liver regeneration.CONCLUSION Understanding the metabolic adaptations following hepatectomy provides an opportunity to optimise perioperative care strategies such as nutrition,glucose and lipid management,and mitigation of ischaemia-reperfusion injury.Integrating these insights may enhance surgical outcomes,particularly in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
文摘From AR-enhanced picture books to eco-friendly smart toys,the items now filling children’s shopping carts are more than just products-they epitomize the transformation of consumption in the new era.
文摘Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the profile of psychoactive substance users in Senegal from 2018 to 2022. Methodology: These were retrospective descriptive studies of patient consultation and hospitalization records in the 17 psychiatric and addictology care centers in Senegal from 2018 to 2022. This was an exhaustive survey. All usable consultation and hospitalization registers were included in the study. Non-usable consultation and hospitalization registers were not included. Data were collected from January 1 to December 31 of each respective year. Data were cleaned using Excel before analysis. R software version 4.3.3 was used for analysis. Results: Between 2018 and 2022, 26,029 patients were registered in mental health facilities in Senegal. The Fann Psychiatry Department (CHNU Fann) admitted 23.2% of patients and the Thiaroye National Psychiatric Hospital registered 17.6% of drug users. For the year 2019, we found 8259 and in 2021, we had 6607 patients. The male gender was more represented with 14,750 patients, or 90.9%. The age group [25 - 34] was the majority (7013 patients or 39.5%). The majority of patients (17,425 patients, or 84.6%) were followed as outpatients. The drugs were mainly inhaled (96.7%). The most consumed substance was cannabis with 8847 patients, or 54.2%. Withdrawal was the main reason for treatment, 11,614 patients, or 85.7%. Conclusion: In the light of the results of our study, we can say that the use of psychoactive substances is a real public health and development problem in Senegal. The peaks in psychoactive substance consumption preceded the peaks in psychiatric care centers, so we need to promote information, education and communication on the harmful effects of psychoactive substance consumption among the population in general and young people in particular, in order to safeguard the country’s development.
文摘The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of China’s comprehensive implementation of the new energy security strategy,“Four Revolutions,One Cooperation.”Over the past decade,China has experienced a series of significant changes in its energy sector,promoting comprehensive reforms in energy consumption patterns and consistently pursuing a cleaner,low-carbon energy structure.The country has accelerated the development of a diverse and clean energy supply system,creating a multifaceted supply network driven by coal,oil,gas,nuclear,and renewable energy sources,and continuously enhancing its energy supply capacity.By leveraging technological innovation as the primary driving force,China has thoroughly deepened energy system reforms to unleash market vitality and has strengthened international cooperation in the energy sector across all dimensions.The construction of a strong energy nation has further advanced,with significantly enhanced security assurance capabilities,effectively supporting and serving the healthy development of the economy and society.To accelerate the development of a new energy system,relevant national departments have introduced a series of industry policies and reform proposals in the energy sector.These initiatives aim to strongly support high-quality energy development by strengthening energy supply security,promoting a green and low-carbon energy transition,enhancing energy utilization efficiency,and improving energy market mechanisms and regulation.
文摘Total nitrogen(TN)removal is one of the key issues in improving water quality,while the traditional nitrification-denitrification process with its high energy consumption is unsustainable,due to greenhouse gas(GHG)emission.A method using organic-inorganic pellets and selectedmicroalgae that can operate without electricity consumption was designed for TN removal in actual wastewater treatment.The results showed that the TN removal efficiencies with different pellets were 88.2%±2.2%,86.6%±3.0%,85.4%±4.3%,and 82.3%±6.5%,respectively.Microalgae assimilated inorganic nitrogen within cells,resulting in a significant positive relationship with TN(P<0.05),and effectively removed TNthrough sedimentation.The pellets adsorbed nitrogen andmicroorganisms,released organic substances to regulate the ratio of water chemical oxygen demand(COD)to TN,and correspondingly influenced microbial growth.Microalgae and bacteria such as Romboutsia,Proteiniclasticum,and Rhodopseudomonas cooperated to form a mixed aerobic(water)-anaerobic(pellets)environment in the devices,and acted synergistically to remove TN.This study verifies the feasibility of TN removal with only solar energy in a low flow application in large spaces,benefiting carbon neutrality in wastewater treatment.
文摘Boosting Tourism and Consumption.China plans to accelerate the availability of tax refund stores for eligible overseas visitors to about 10,000 shops nationwide this year,almost tripling the current number,as the country continues to boost inbound tourism and consumption,a senior official said.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62101467。
文摘Motion recognition refers to the intelligent recognition of human motion using data collected from wearable sensors,which exceedingly has gained significant interest from both academic and industrial fields.However,temporary-sudden activities caused by accidental behavior pose a major challenge to motion recognition and have been largely overlooked in existing works.To address this problem,the multi-dimensional time series of motion data is modeled as a Time-Frequency(TF)tensor,and the original challenge is transformed into a problem of outlier-corrupted tensor pattern recognition,where transient sudden activity data are considered as outliers.Since the TF tensor can capture the latent spatio-temporal correlations of the motion data,the tensor MPCA is used to derive the principal spatio-temporal pattern of the motion data.However,traditional MPCA uses the squared F-norm as the projection distance measure,which makes it sensitive to the presence of outlier motion data.Therefore,in the proposed outlier-robust MPCA scheme,the F-norm with the desirable geometric properties is used as the distance measure to simultaneously mitigate the interference of outlier motion data while preserving rotational invariance.Moreover,to reduce the complexity of outlier-robust motion recognition,we impose the proposed outlier-robust MPCA scheme on the traditional MPCANet which is a low-complexity deep learning network.The experimental results show that our proposed outlier-robust MPCANet can simultaneously improve motion recognition performance and reduce the complexity,especially in practical scenarios where the real-time data is corrupted by temporary-sudden activities.
文摘In the context of the integration of culture and tourism,the role of museums in promoting tourism has become increasingly significant.Thus,“traveling to visit museums”has emerged as a new leisure trend and consumption fad.
