The framework of fatigue factors is constructed to reduce the number of maritime accidents caused by human fatigue.Based on the study of maritime human fatigue,by screening and classifying it,there are 15 fatigue fact...The framework of fatigue factors is constructed to reduce the number of maritime accidents caused by human fatigue.Based on the study of maritime human fatigue,by screening and classifying it,there are 15 fatigue factors,which can be classified into 4 types:sleep,rest and rhythm;work factors;personal conditions;environmental factors.These factors are regarded as the variables for constructing scenarios.The importance,uncertainty,influence and dependence of variables and variable pairs were assessed by using morphological analysis,quantitative scales and correlation matrices.Ship movement and workload are selected as the two key variables,which are regarded as the axes of generating scenarios.One of the scenarios is selected as the typical scenario to illustrate the relationship between the causes of fatigue.Then,the analysis framework is constructed according to the fatigue factors relationship,and several potential solutions are proposed,which include the development of foresighted and flexible work plans,and the application of wearable facilities to improve monitoring and assessment systems.The proposed framework lays a theoretical foundation for studying maritime human fatigue,and scenario analysis can provide an effective strategy for reducing crews'fatigue.展开更多
Autonomous vehicles must pass effective standard tests to verify their reliability and safety.Accord-ingly,it is very important to establish a complete scientific test and evaluation system for autonomous vehicles.A c...Autonomous vehicles must pass effective standard tests to verify their reliability and safety.Accord-ingly,it is very important to establish a complete scientific test and evaluation system for autonomous vehicles.A comprehensive framework incorporating the design of test scenarios,selection of evaluation indexes,and estab-lishment of an evaluation system is proposed in this paper.The aims of the system are to obtain an objective and quantitative score regarding the intelligence of autonomous vehicles,and to form an automated process in the future development.The proposed framework is built on a simulation platform to ensure the feasibility of the design and implementation of the test scenarios.The design principle for the test scenarios is also presented.To reduce subjective influences,the proposed framework selects objective indexes from four aspects:safety,comfort,driving performance,and standard regulations.The order relation analysis method is adopted to formulate the index weights,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to quantify the scores.Finally,a numerical example is provided to visually demonstrate the evaluation results for the autonomous vehicles scored by the proposed framework.展开更多
In light of escalating urbanization trends and climate change impacts worldwide, the susceptibility of urban power grids to natural disasters has become an overarching global concern. Prior research has predominantly ...In light of escalating urbanization trends and climate change impacts worldwide, the susceptibility of urban power grids to natural disasters has become an overarching global concern. Prior research has predominantly concentrated on singular calamities while often disregarding cumulative repercussions from multiple concurrent events affecting power grid resilience. This investigation presents an exhaustive framework for assessing grid vulnerabilities by quantifying diverse impacts from potential natural disaster scenarios and delineating adaptive pathways for evaluating inadvertent occurrences. The framework amalgamates an extensive array of metrics— including probability assessments, system state evaluations, trigger threshold analyses, responsiveness measurements, and adaptability adjustments— within a dynamic scenario-oriented model. The inquiry progresses through distinct stages: formulating an all-encompassing methodology for assessing vulnerabilities;assessing varied impacts stemming from different environmental perils;mapping out post-disaster evolutions;and executing a case analysis focusing on an urban power grid.Concentrating specifically on rainfall, snowfall, and freezing incidents, the case analysis uses locale-specific data to appraise grid susceptibilities while employing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to facilitate decision-making. During this deliberative process, optimal strategies are derived, and mitigative actions are recommended with the aim of diminishing power-grid vulnerabilities. This investigation underscores intricate risk dynamics within urban power grids while presenting a feasible framework for sustainable planning and effective emergency responses in confronting natural hazards.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71573172,51709168).
文摘The framework of fatigue factors is constructed to reduce the number of maritime accidents caused by human fatigue.Based on the study of maritime human fatigue,by screening and classifying it,there are 15 fatigue factors,which can be classified into 4 types:sleep,rest and rhythm;work factors;personal conditions;environmental factors.These factors are regarded as the variables for constructing scenarios.The importance,uncertainty,influence and dependence of variables and variable pairs were assessed by using morphological analysis,quantitative scales and correlation matrices.Ship movement and workload are selected as the two key variables,which are regarded as the axes of generating scenarios.One of the scenarios is selected as the typical scenario to illustrate the relationship between the causes of fatigue.Then,the analysis framework is constructed according to the fatigue factors relationship,and several potential solutions are proposed,which include the development of foresighted and flexible work plans,and the application of wearable facilities to improve monitoring and assessment systems.The proposed framework lays a theoretical foundation for studying maritime human fatigue,and scenario analysis can provide an effective strategy for reducing crews'fatigue.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61873167)the Automotive In-dustry Science and Technology Development Foundation of Shanghai(No.1904)。
文摘Autonomous vehicles must pass effective standard tests to verify their reliability and safety.Accord-ingly,it is very important to establish a complete scientific test and evaluation system for autonomous vehicles.A comprehensive framework incorporating the design of test scenarios,selection of evaluation indexes,and estab-lishment of an evaluation system is proposed in this paper.The aims of the system are to obtain an objective and quantitative score regarding the intelligence of autonomous vehicles,and to form an automated process in the future development.The proposed framework is built on a simulation platform to ensure the feasibility of the design and implementation of the test scenarios.The design principle for the test scenarios is also presented.To reduce subjective influences,the proposed framework selects objective indexes from four aspects:safety,comfort,driving performance,and standard regulations.The order relation analysis method is adopted to formulate the index weights,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to quantify the scores.Finally,a numerical example is provided to visually demonstrate the evaluation results for the autonomous vehicles scored by the proposed framework.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China.(Contract No.SGJSXZ00KJJS2260147).
文摘In light of escalating urbanization trends and climate change impacts worldwide, the susceptibility of urban power grids to natural disasters has become an overarching global concern. Prior research has predominantly concentrated on singular calamities while often disregarding cumulative repercussions from multiple concurrent events affecting power grid resilience. This investigation presents an exhaustive framework for assessing grid vulnerabilities by quantifying diverse impacts from potential natural disaster scenarios and delineating adaptive pathways for evaluating inadvertent occurrences. The framework amalgamates an extensive array of metrics— including probability assessments, system state evaluations, trigger threshold analyses, responsiveness measurements, and adaptability adjustments— within a dynamic scenario-oriented model. The inquiry progresses through distinct stages: formulating an all-encompassing methodology for assessing vulnerabilities;assessing varied impacts stemming from different environmental perils;mapping out post-disaster evolutions;and executing a case analysis focusing on an urban power grid.Concentrating specifically on rainfall, snowfall, and freezing incidents, the case analysis uses locale-specific data to appraise grid susceptibilities while employing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to facilitate decision-making. During this deliberative process, optimal strategies are derived, and mitigative actions are recommended with the aim of diminishing power-grid vulnerabilities. This investigation underscores intricate risk dynamics within urban power grids while presenting a feasible framework for sustainable planning and effective emergency responses in confronting natural hazards.
