The increasing demands on safety, emission and fuel consumption require more accurate control models of micro internal combustion swing engine （MICSE）. The objective of this paper is to investigate the constant spee...The increasing demands on safety, emission and fuel consumption require more accurate control models of micro internal combustion swing engine （MICSE）. The objective of this paper is to investigate the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE The operation principle of the four-stroke MICSE is presented based on the description of MICSE prototype. A two-level Petri net based hybrid mode/ is proposed to mode/ the four-stroke MICSE engine cycle. The Petri net subsystem at the upper level controls and synchronizes the four Petri net subsystems at the lower level. The continuous sub-models, including breathing dynamics of intake manifold, thermodynamics of the chamber and dynamics of the torque generation, are investigated and integrated with the discrete model in MATLAB Simulink. Through the comparison of experimental data and simulated DC voltage output, it is demonstrated that the hybrid model is valid for the four-stroke MICSE system. A nonlinear model is obtained from the cycle average data via the regression method, and it is linearized around a given nominal equilibrium point for the controller design. The feedback controller of the spark timing and valve duration timing is designed with a sequential loop closing design approach. The simulation of the sequential loop closure control design applied to the hybrid model is implemented in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the system is able to reach its desired operating point within 0.2 s, and the designed controller shows good MICSE engine performance with a constant speed. This paper presents the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE and carries out the simulation tests, the models and the simulation results can be used for further study on the precision control of four-stroke MICSE.展开更多
Limitations of various accumulators in hybrid hydraulic excavator are analyzed.A program using capacitor as the accumulator based on constant work-point control is put forward.A simulating experimental system of hybri...Limitations of various accumulators in hybrid hydraulic excavator are analyzed.A program using capacitor as the accumulator based on constant work-point control is put forward.A simulating experimental system of hybrid construction machinery is established,and experimental study on constant work-point control for parallel hybrid system with capacitor accumulator is carried out using the pressure and flow rate derived from boom cylinder of hydraulic excavator in actual work as the simulating loads.A program of double work-point control is proposed and proved by further experiments.展开更多
The traditional large electroslag remelting furnaces have many shortages,such as high short-network impedance and inductance,long maintenance time for electrode replacement,low stiffness of driveline,and low control a...The traditional large electroslag remelting furnaces have many shortages,such as high short-network impedance and inductance,long maintenance time for electrode replacement,low stiffness of driveline,and low control accuracy of remelting speed.The present research was aimed to solve these problems through structure modification and constant remelting speed control for a 120-t electroslag remelting(ESR) furnace.Based on the technique of three-phase double electrodes in series,the short-network system and the structure of the 120-t ESR furnace were improved;and a continuous feeding system for the self-consumption electrode was proposed.A selfdesigned fully hydraulic driveline system with three degrees of freedom was successfully applied to the 120-t ESR furnace.An electrode auto-replacement system and the S-style speed-control curve of electrode-feeding system were designed on the basis of the soft measurement/sensing model on the remaining electrode length so as to obtain a high accuracy control system for constant remelting speed.The experiment products showed good surface quality and cross-sectional results,indicating good system control,and verifying the effectiveness of the structure modification of the furnace.展开更多
Discontinuous tape winding, which has obvious advantages in large extension ratio winding, is widely used in the molding of composites. Therefore, the research on technological parameters becomes the focus of many sch...Discontinuous tape winding, which has obvious advantages in large extension ratio winding, is widely used in the molding of composites. Therefore, the research on technological parameters becomes the focus of many scholars. However, how to accomplish the variable tension control is usually not fully considered. Accordingly, the constant extension ratio and the smoothness of winding process cannot be ensured. Aiming at the problem of tension control, this paper first gives a comparatively deep research on the control method and the interaction mechanism of tension, extension ratio, automatic lap and automatic rectification. Then, according to the winding process features, the mechanical device and the mathematical model of tension control system are established respectively. With regard to the characteristics of PID controller and fuzzy controller, the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed. As a result, the variable tension control is realized during the winding and lapping process, and the constant extension ratio is guaranteed. Finally, a sample application is presented for demonstration. By presenting the variable tension control techniques for discontinuous tape winding, the constant extension ratio of tapes is achieved, the consecution and the automation degree of winding process is improved as well. Thus, the quality of wound products is guaranteed.展开更多
This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a pr...This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.展开更多
This paper is mainly about a local controller whose main function is to achieve the constant tension of the thin denier filament in the high speed winding process. A mathematic model of the induction motor while contr...This paper is mainly about a local controller whose main function is to achieve the constant tension of the thin denier filament in the high speed winding process. A mathematic model of the induction motor while controlling its stator frequency and voltage is given. A new kind of variable parameter, real time constant tension control system is presented. The paper uses the microprocessor -INTEL 8097 as the CPU of the local controller. A standard serial communication interface-RS232 is used to communicate with the main computer. Computer simulation and experiment test show that this system has good control characteristics.展开更多
The hysteresis control combined with PWM control non-inverting buck-boost was proposed to improve the light load efficiency and power density.The constant inductor current control(CICC)was established to mitigate the ...The hysteresis control combined with PWM control non-inverting buck-boost was proposed to improve the light load efficiency and power density.The constant inductor current control(CICC)was established to mitigate the dependence on the external components and device variation and make smooth transition between hysteresis control loop and pulse width modulation(PWM)control loop.The small signal model was deduced for the buck and boost operation mode.The inductor current slope control(ICSC)was proposed to implement the automatic mode transition between buck and boost mode in one switching cycle.The results show that the converter prototype has good dynamic response capability,achieving 94%efficiency and 95%peak efficiency at full 10 A load current.展开更多
The alternative energy resources, like solar, are always complementary due to environmental changes. Energy generation with the sources such as solar and wind is gaining importance and of that photovoltaic conversion ...The alternative energy resources, like solar, are always complementary due to environmental changes. Energy generation with the sources such as solar and wind is gaining importance and of that photovoltaic conversion is the main focus of researches due to its promising potential as the electrical source. This paper presents the constant voltage method of control where the output of the converter is maintained constant irrespective of the variations in the irradiance with the high step-up isolated efficient single switch DC-DC converter for the solar PV systems. Constant voltage method of control uses the array of photovoltaic systems as its energy source. The output of the Solar PV systems is nonlinear and has its dependency on temperature and irradiance by which the panel voltage and current varies with the variation in irradiance. Constant voltage control method always operates in such a way that the converter voltage is tried to be maintained constantly to the reference voltage which is set by the user. The system used here utilizes high step single switch isolated DC-DC converter and monitors the voltage continuously by varying the duty cycle to maintain the converter voltage always constant. As a way of improving the performance, both the open and closed loop analysis is done where the closed loop analysis uses the PI controller for its performance. The model is implemented in MATLAB and it accepts the irradiance as the input and outputs the constant voltage from the converter and the feasibility of the proposed converter topology is confirmed with experimental results of the prototype model.展开更多
A robust constant thrust rendezvous approach under thrust failure is proposed based on the relative motion dynamic model. Firstly, the design problem is cast into a convex optimization problem by introducing a Lyapuno...A robust constant thrust rendezvous approach under thrust failure is proposed based on the relative motion dynamic model. Firstly, the design problem is cast into a convex optimization problem by introducing a Lyapunov function subject to linear matrix inequalities. Secondly, the robust controllers satisfying the requirements can be designed by solving this optimization problem. Then, a new algorithm of constant thrust fitting is proposed through the impulse compensation and the fuel consumption under the theoretical continuous thrust and the actual constant thrust is cal- culated and compared by using the method proposed in this paper. Finally, the proposed method having the advantage of saving fuel is proved and the actual constant thrust switch control laws are obtained through the isochronous interpolation method, meanwhile, an illustrative example is pro- vided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control design method.展开更多
The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the ...The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers. A PWM-based current-sensorless robust sliding mode controller is developed that requires only the measurement of the output voltage. An extended state observer is developed to estimate a lumped uncertainty signal that comprises the uncertain load power and the input voltage, the converter parasitics, the component uncertainties and the estimation of the derivative of the output voltage needed in the implementation of the controller. A linear sliding surface is used to derive the controller, which is simple in its design and yet exhibits excellent features in terms of robustness to external disturbances, parameter uncertainties, and parasitics despite the absence of the inductor’s current feedback. The robustness of the controller is validated by computer simulations.展开更多
The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the ...The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers. In this work, a robust nonlinear controller based on the uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) scheme is successfully developed to tightly regulate the output voltage of the boost converter. A systematic procedure is developed to select the controller gains to achieve a satisfactory output response. Using simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated and compared to a recent robust nonlinear controller.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to propose a unique control method that permits the evolution of both timed continuous Petri net （TCPN） and T-timed discrete Petri net （T-TDPN） from an initial state to a desired one. Mod...The goal of this paper is to propose a unique control method that permits the evolution of both timed continuous Petri net （TCPN） and T-timed discrete Petri net （T-TDPN） from an initial state to a desired one. Model predictive control （MPC） is a robust control scheme against perturbation and a consistent real-time constraints method. Hence, the proposed approach is studied using the MPC. However, the computational complexity may prevent the use of the MPC for large systems and for large prediction horizons. Then, the proposed approach provides some new techniques in order to reduce the high computational complexity; among them one is taking constant control actions during the prediction.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51475422)Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51221004)
文摘The increasing demands on safety, emission and fuel consumption require more accurate control models of micro internal combustion swing engine （MICSE）. The objective of this paper is to investigate the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE The operation principle of the four-stroke MICSE is presented based on the description of MICSE prototype. A two-level Petri net based hybrid mode/ is proposed to mode/ the four-stroke MICSE engine cycle. The Petri net subsystem at the upper level controls and synchronizes the four Petri net subsystems at the lower level. The continuous sub-models, including breathing dynamics of intake manifold, thermodynamics of the chamber and dynamics of the torque generation, are investigated and integrated with the discrete model in MATLAB Simulink. Through the comparison of experimental data and simulated DC voltage output, it is demonstrated that the hybrid model is valid for the four-stroke MICSE system. A nonlinear model is obtained from the cycle average data via the regression method, and it is linearized around a given nominal equilibrium point for the controller design. The feedback controller of the spark timing and valve duration timing is designed with a sequential loop closing design approach. The simulation of the sequential loop closure control design applied to the hybrid model is implemented in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the system is able to reach its desired operating point within 0.2 s, and the designed controller shows good MICSE engine performance with a constant speed. This paper presents the constant speed control models of four-stroke MICSE and carries out the simulation tests, the models and the simulation results can be used for further study on the precision control of four-stroke MICSE.
文摘Limitations of various accumulators in hybrid hydraulic excavator are analyzed.A program using capacitor as the accumulator based on constant work-point control is put forward.A simulating experimental system of hybrid construction machinery is established,and experimental study on constant work-point control for parallel hybrid system with capacitor accumulator is carried out using the pressure and flow rate derived from boom cylinder of hydraulic excavator in actual work as the simulating loads.A program of double work-point control is proposed and proved by further experiments.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of China(2009ZX04006-032)
文摘The traditional large electroslag remelting furnaces have many shortages,such as high short-network impedance and inductance,long maintenance time for electrode replacement,low stiffness of driveline,and low control accuracy of remelting speed.The present research was aimed to solve these problems through structure modification and constant remelting speed control for a 120-t electroslag remelting(ESR) furnace.Based on the technique of three-phase double electrodes in series,the short-network system and the structure of the 120-t ESR furnace were improved;and a continuous feeding system for the self-consumption electrode was proposed.A selfdesigned fully hydraulic driveline system with three degrees of freedom was successfully applied to the 120-t ESR furnace.An electrode auto-replacement system and the S-style speed-control curve of electrode-feeding system were designed on the basis of the soft measurement/sensing model on the remaining electrode length so as to obtain a high accuracy control system for constant remelting speed.The experiment products showed good surface quality and cross-sectional results,indicating good system control,and verifying the effectiveness of the structure modification of the furnace.
基金supported by Shaanxi Provincial "13115" Important Scientific and Technological Innovation Fund of China (Grant No. 2009ZDKG-27)
文摘Discontinuous tape winding, which has obvious advantages in large extension ratio winding, is widely used in the molding of composites. Therefore, the research on technological parameters becomes the focus of many scholars. However, how to accomplish the variable tension control is usually not fully considered. Accordingly, the constant extension ratio and the smoothness of winding process cannot be ensured. Aiming at the problem of tension control, this paper first gives a comparatively deep research on the control method and the interaction mechanism of tension, extension ratio, automatic lap and automatic rectification. Then, according to the winding process features, the mechanical device and the mathematical model of tension control system are established respectively. With regard to the characteristics of PID controller and fuzzy controller, the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed. As a result, the variable tension control is realized during the winding and lapping process, and the constant extension ratio is guaranteed. Finally, a sample application is presented for demonstration. By presenting the variable tension control techniques for discontinuous tape winding, the constant extension ratio of tapes is achieved, the consecution and the automation degree of winding process is improved as well. Thus, the quality of wound products is guaranteed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61803370,61622309)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630216)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0901902)
文摘This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.
文摘This paper is mainly about a local controller whose main function is to achieve the constant tension of the thin denier filament in the high speed winding process. A mathematic model of the induction motor while controlling its stator frequency and voltage is given. A new kind of variable parameter, real time constant tension control system is presented. The paper uses the microprocessor -INTEL 8097 as the CPU of the local controller. A standard serial communication interface-RS232 is used to communicate with the main computer. Computer simulation and experiment test show that this system has good control characteristics.
文摘The hysteresis control combined with PWM control non-inverting buck-boost was proposed to improve the light load efficiency and power density.The constant inductor current control(CICC)was established to mitigate the dependence on the external components and device variation and make smooth transition between hysteresis control loop and pulse width modulation(PWM)control loop.The small signal model was deduced for the buck and boost operation mode.The inductor current slope control(ICSC)was proposed to implement the automatic mode transition between buck and boost mode in one switching cycle.The results show that the converter prototype has good dynamic response capability,achieving 94%efficiency and 95%peak efficiency at full 10 A load current.
文摘The alternative energy resources, like solar, are always complementary due to environmental changes. Energy generation with the sources such as solar and wind is gaining importance and of that photovoltaic conversion is the main focus of researches due to its promising potential as the electrical source. This paper presents the constant voltage method of control where the output of the converter is maintained constant irrespective of the variations in the irradiance with the high step-up isolated efficient single switch DC-DC converter for the solar PV systems. Constant voltage method of control uses the array of photovoltaic systems as its energy source. The output of the Solar PV systems is nonlinear and has its dependency on temperature and irradiance by which the panel voltage and current varies with the variation in irradiance. Constant voltage control method always operates in such a way that the converter voltage is tried to be maintained constantly to the reference voltage which is set by the user. The system used here utilizes high step single switch isolated DC-DC converter and monitors the voltage continuously by varying the duty cycle to maintain the converter voltage always constant. As a way of improving the performance, both the open and closed loop analysis is done where the closed loop analysis uses the PI controller for its performance. The model is implemented in MATLAB and it accepts the irradiance as the input and outputs the constant voltage from the converter and the feasibility of the proposed converter topology is confirmed with experimental results of the prototype model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61304088)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2013QNA37)
文摘A robust constant thrust rendezvous approach under thrust failure is proposed based on the relative motion dynamic model. Firstly, the design problem is cast into a convex optimization problem by introducing a Lyapunov function subject to linear matrix inequalities. Secondly, the robust controllers satisfying the requirements can be designed by solving this optimization problem. Then, a new algorithm of constant thrust fitting is proposed through the impulse compensation and the fuel consumption under the theoretical continuous thrust and the actual constant thrust is cal- culated and compared by using the method proposed in this paper. Finally, the proposed method having the advantage of saving fuel is proved and the actual constant thrust switch control laws are obtained through the isochronous interpolation method, meanwhile, an illustrative example is pro- vided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control design method.
文摘The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers. A PWM-based current-sensorless robust sliding mode controller is developed that requires only the measurement of the output voltage. An extended state observer is developed to estimate a lumped uncertainty signal that comprises the uncertain load power and the input voltage, the converter parasitics, the component uncertainties and the estimation of the derivative of the output voltage needed in the implementation of the controller. A linear sliding surface is used to derive the controller, which is simple in its design and yet exhibits excellent features in terms of robustness to external disturbances, parameter uncertainties, and parasitics despite the absence of the inductor’s current feedback. The robustness of the controller is validated by computer simulations.
文摘The boost converter feeding a constant power load (CPL) is a non-minimum phase system that is prone to the destabilizing effects of the negative incremental resistance of the CPL and presents a major challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers. In this work, a robust nonlinear controller based on the uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) scheme is successfully developed to tightly regulate the output voltage of the boost converter. A systematic procedure is developed to select the controller gains to achieve a satisfactory output response. Using simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated and compared to a recent robust nonlinear controller.
基金supported by the region Haute-Normandie Project(Nos.CPER-SER-DDSMRI 2013,2014 and CPER-SER-SEL 2015)
文摘The goal of this paper is to propose a unique control method that permits the evolution of both timed continuous Petri net （TCPN） and T-timed discrete Petri net （T-TDPN） from an initial state to a desired one. Model predictive control （MPC） is a robust control scheme against perturbation and a consistent real-time constraints method. Hence, the proposed approach is studied using the MPC. However, the computational complexity may prevent the use of the MPC for large systems and for large prediction horizons. Then, the proposed approach provides some new techniques in order to reduce the high computational complexity; among them one is taking constant control actions during the prediction.
