A number of studies have indicated that disor- ders of consciousness result from multifocal injuries as well as from the impaired functional and anatomical connectivity between various anterior forebrain regions. Howe...A number of studies have indicated that disor- ders of consciousness result from multifocal injuries as well as from the impaired functional and anatomical connectivity between various anterior forebrain regions. However, the specific causal mechanism linking these regions remains unclear. In this study, we used spectral dynamic causal modeling to assess how the effective connections （ECs） between various regions differ between individuals. Next, we used connectome-based predictive modeling to evaluate the performance of the ECs in predicting the clinical scores of DOC patients. We found increased ECs from the striatum to the globus pallidus as well as from the globus pallidus to the posterior cingulate cortex, and decreased ECs from the globus pallidus to the thalamus and from the medial prefrontal cortex to the striatum in DOC patients as compared to healthy controls. Prediction of the patients＇ outcome was effective using the negative ECs as features. In summary, the present study highlights a key role of the thalamo-basal ganglia-cortical loop in DOCs and supports the anterior forebrain mesocircuit hypothesis. Furthermore, EC could be potentially used to assess the consciousness level.展开更多
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL)is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive ectopic bone formation process,which can lead to severe neurological impairments and reduced quality of l...Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL)is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive ectopic bone formation process,which can lead to severe neurological impairments and reduced quality of life.While the etiology of OPLL is generally considered multifactorial,there is no consensus regarding these contributing factors including genetic,endocrine,biomechanical,immune and lifestyle factors.Through accumulating evidence from multidisciplinary investigations,the pathophysiological connection between OPLL and endocrine-metabolic dysregulation is becoming increasingly clear.Nevertheless,comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the two is hindered by several problems,such as methodological limitations and inadequate mechanistic studies.This review takes a deep dive into the possible factors contributing to OPLL from all aspects of metabolism,including glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,bone and mineral metabolism,leptin,vitamin,growth hormone/IGF-1 and sex hormones,highlighting their potential roles in the onset and progression of OPLL.Clarifying the etiology of OPLL and elucidating the underlying pathogenesis are crucial for advancing both early intervention strategies and therapeutic approaches in clinical management.Therefore,the endocrine and metabolic disorders in OPLL patients should become a focus of future research.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471654, 81428013, 81371535, and 81271548)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2015A030313609)+1 种基金Planned Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou Municipality, China (20160402007 and 201604020184)the Innovation Project of The Graduate School of South China Normal University
文摘A number of studies have indicated that disor- ders of consciousness result from multifocal injuries as well as from the impaired functional and anatomical connectivity between various anterior forebrain regions. However, the specific causal mechanism linking these regions remains unclear. In this study, we used spectral dynamic causal modeling to assess how the effective connections （ECs） between various regions differ between individuals. Next, we used connectome-based predictive modeling to evaluate the performance of the ECs in predicting the clinical scores of DOC patients. We found increased ECs from the striatum to the globus pallidus as well as from the globus pallidus to the posterior cingulate cortex, and decreased ECs from the globus pallidus to the thalamus and from the medial prefrontal cortex to the striatum in DOC patients as compared to healthy controls. Prediction of the patients＇ outcome was effective using the negative ECs as features. In summary, the present study highlights a key role of the thalamo-basal ganglia-cortical loop in DOCs and supports the anterior forebrain mesocircuit hypothesis. Furthermore, EC could be potentially used to assess the consciousness level.
文摘Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL)is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive ectopic bone formation process,which can lead to severe neurological impairments and reduced quality of life.While the etiology of OPLL is generally considered multifactorial,there is no consensus regarding these contributing factors including genetic,endocrine,biomechanical,immune and lifestyle factors.Through accumulating evidence from multidisciplinary investigations,the pathophysiological connection between OPLL and endocrine-metabolic dysregulation is becoming increasingly clear.Nevertheless,comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the two is hindered by several problems,such as methodological limitations and inadequate mechanistic studies.This review takes a deep dive into the possible factors contributing to OPLL from all aspects of metabolism,including glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,bone and mineral metabolism,leptin,vitamin,growth hormone/IGF-1 and sex hormones,highlighting their potential roles in the onset and progression of OPLL.Clarifying the etiology of OPLL and elucidating the underlying pathogenesis are crucial for advancing both early intervention strategies and therapeutic approaches in clinical management.Therefore,the endocrine and metabolic disorders in OPLL patients should become a focus of future research.
