Dynamic adaptability is a key feature in biological macromolecules,enabling selective binding and catalysis[1].From DNA supercoiling to enzyme conformational changes,biological systems have evolved intricate ways to d...Dynamic adaptability is a key feature in biological macromolecules,enabling selective binding and catalysis[1].From DNA supercoiling to enzyme conformational changes,biological systems have evolved intricate ways to dynamically adjust their structures to accommodate functional needs.Mimicking this adaptability in synthetic systems is an ongoing challenge in supramolecular chemistry.展开更多
The problem of autonomy and conformity has suffered a harsh fate in pedagogy.The virtues of love,respect,honour,truthfulness,etc.play a major role in educational work,but it is mostly silent about the concepts of auto...The problem of autonomy and conformity has suffered a harsh fate in pedagogy.The virtues of love,respect,honour,truthfulness,etc.play a major role in educational work,but it is mostly silent about the concepts of autonomy and conformity.Politics are afraid of these like the devil is afraid of incense smoke.Practising teachers complain that our entire education system is weaning school principals,teachers and students from independent thinking and striving.The basic educational goal is clear:to develop autonomous young people who are strengthened in their own being and strength,and vice versa:to suppress superficial,unconvincing conformity.An old lesson:conformity can only be realistically fought with non-conformist politics and the cooperation of non-conformist teachers.展开更多
The assembly behaviors of two low-symmetric carboxylic acid molecules(50-(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10:30,100-triphenyl]-3,400,5-tricarboxylic acid(CTTA)and 30,50-bis(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10-biphenyl]-3,5-d...The assembly behaviors of two low-symmetric carboxylic acid molecules(50-(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10:30,100-triphenyl]-3,400,5-tricarboxylic acid(CTTA)and 30,50-bis(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10-biphenyl]-3,5-dicarboxylic acid(BCBDA))containing naphthalene rings on graphite surfaces have been investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The transformation of nanostructures induced by the second components(EDA and PEBP-C4)have been also examined.Both CTTA and BCBDA molecules self-assemble at the 1-heptanoic acid(HA)/HOPG interface,forming porous network structures.The dimer represents the most elementary building unit due to the formation of double hydrogen bonds.Moreover,the flipping of naphthalene ring results in the isomerization of BCBDA molecule.The introduction of carboxylic acid derivative EDA disrupts the dimer,which subsequently undergoes a structural conformation to form a novel porous structure.Furthermore,upon the addition of pyridine derivative PEBP-C4,N–H⋯O hydrogen bonds are the dominant forces driving the three coassembled structures.We have also conducted density functional theory(DFT)calculations to determine the molecular conformation and analyze the mechanisms underlying the formation of nanostructures.展开更多
Gaining insights into charge transport related to conformational changes and ion transport in valinomycin(VM)is crucial for understanding the underlying physiological processes and advancing ion carrier applications.O...Gaining insights into charge transport related to conformational changes and ion transport in valinomycin(VM)is crucial for understanding the underlying physiological processes and advancing ion carrier applications.Observing these processes in single molecules provides deeper insights and precision than those obtained through conventional ensemble measurements.Herein,we employed a single-molecule conductance measurement method based on the scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction(STM-BJ)to measure the charge transport of individual VM molecules in both non-polar and polar solvents,as well as when mediated by K^(+)ions.Single-molecule conductance measurements revealed that the bracelet and propeller-type conformations of VM in both non-polar and polar solvents significantly affect its conductance.In polar solvents,the propeller-type conformation of VM demonstrated a well-defined conductance signature,single-molecule rectification feature,and through-space transmission mechanism.Specifically,the introduction of K^(+)ions in polar solvents induced a conformational transition from the propeller-type to the bracelet-type form,facilitating K^(+)binding recognition.These observations were further supported by density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function calculations.This study enhanced the fundamental understanding of the electronic transport mechanisms in VM and valinomycin-K^(+)molecular junctions,offering insights into VM ionophores and promoting supramolecular sensing applications.展开更多
A structured method to generate conformal finite element(FE)mesh for realistic 3D woven textile reinforced composite is proposed.It is based on a voxel structure mesh reconstruction framework and aims to provide accur...A structured method to generate conformal finite element(FE)mesh for realistic 3D woven textile reinforced composite is proposed.It is based on a voxel structure mesh reconstruction framework and aims to provide accurate composite model at yarn level with material properties ready for use in commercial FE software.The textile representative volume element(RVE)is generated at filament level implementing the digital element method.Yarn structure is determined by filament bundle with variant cross-section shapes along its path.Yarn surface is then extracted using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm and a surface mesh is initiated.Then,the mesh domain is defined and constructed by voxel structure.Periodic boundary conditions,inter-yarn,and yarnmatrix interfaces are eliminated by re-mesh and mesh optimization.An element splitting rule is established to split the voxel unit into sub-elements to create smooth interface.A 3D orthogonal weave fabric reinforced composite is generated and simulated under compressive load.The composite structure and damage morphology are in good agreement with those of the experiment.展开更多
To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activi...To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activity of cathepsin B decreased with an increase in Na^(+)cation content and temperature.Additionally,decreasedα-helix content and increasedβ-sheet content were observed.The increase in sulfhydryl group content was attributed to the breaking of original disulfide bonds in the molecular structure or the release of embedded groups.Furthermore,the surface hydrophobicity gradually declined,which was consistent with the analysis of endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy.At the molecular level,the number of hydrogen bonds formed in NaCl-treated samples decreased,and the interactions between the hydrogen bonding were less powerful,which caused instability in the binding of the protein and substrate.The conformation of cathepsin B accurately characterized its activity,and the structural changes had a macroscopic effect on the decrease in protease activity.展开更多
We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,w...We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.展开更多
In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the...In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the quadratic inner-bounded condition. We provide some sufficient conditions that ensure the asymptotic stability of the system. Furthermore, we present the construction of a feedback stabilizing controller for conformable fractional bilinear systems.展开更多
Electronic 3D printing possesses a remarkable molding ability and convenience in integrated circuits,flexible wearables,and individual automobile requirements.However,traditional 3D printing technology still struggles...Electronic 3D printing possesses a remarkable molding ability and convenience in integrated circuits,flexible wearables,and individual automobile requirements.However,traditional 3D printing technology still struggles to meet the demands of high precision and high efficiency in the process of fabricating a curved surface circuit,particularly achieving precise silver circuit molding on irregular substrates.Here,a high-precision and muti-scaled conformal manufacturing method for silver circuits is presented through the digital light processing(DLP)of ultraviolet-curable silver paste(UV-SP)with adjustable photocuring properties,enabling the successful preparation of micro-scaled conductive structure on the sharply skewed hook face.The minimum modeling depth and width of the cured silver paste can be well controlled to 10 and 88µm,respectively.Compared with traditional printing technology,the printing efficiency of complex patterns has increased by over 70%.The printed silver circuit demonstrates an exceptionally high electrical conductivity,reaching as high as 1.16×10^(7) S/m.Additionally,the UV-SP exhibits significant manufacturing efficiency and superior molding resolution compared to conventional direct ink writing and inkjet printing techniques,thereby contributing to the attainment of high precision and efficiency of conformal and micro-molding manufacturing in sensors,communication antennas,and other electronic devices based on curved substrates.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22301131)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20220781,BK20240679)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3815700)are greatly acknowledged.
文摘Dynamic adaptability is a key feature in biological macromolecules,enabling selective binding and catalysis[1].From DNA supercoiling to enzyme conformational changes,biological systems have evolved intricate ways to dynamically adjust their structures to accommodate functional needs.Mimicking this adaptability in synthetic systems is an ongoing challenge in supramolecular chemistry.
文摘The problem of autonomy and conformity has suffered a harsh fate in pedagogy.The virtues of love,respect,honour,truthfulness,etc.play a major role in educational work,but it is mostly silent about the concepts of autonomy and conformity.Politics are afraid of these like the devil is afraid of incense smoke.Practising teachers complain that our entire education system is weaning school principals,teachers and students from independent thinking and striving.The basic educational goal is clear:to develop autonomous young people who are strengthened in their own being and strength,and vice versa:to suppress superficial,unconvincing conformity.An old lesson:conformity can only be realistically fought with non-conformist politics and the cooperation of non-conformist teachers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22272039)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000)+1 种基金the Youth Program of the Liaoning Education Department(No.LJKQZ20222280)the Jilin Chinese Academy of Sciences-Yanshen Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘The assembly behaviors of two low-symmetric carboxylic acid molecules(50-(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10:30,100-triphenyl]-3,400,5-tricarboxylic acid(CTTA)and 30,50-bis(6-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)-[1,10-biphenyl]-3,5-dicarboxylic acid(BCBDA))containing naphthalene rings on graphite surfaces have been investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The transformation of nanostructures induced by the second components(EDA and PEBP-C4)have been also examined.Both CTTA and BCBDA molecules self-assemble at the 1-heptanoic acid(HA)/HOPG interface,forming porous network structures.The dimer represents the most elementary building unit due to the formation of double hydrogen bonds.Moreover,the flipping of naphthalene ring results in the isomerization of BCBDA molecule.The introduction of carboxylic acid derivative EDA disrupts the dimer,which subsequently undergoes a structural conformation to form a novel porous structure.Furthermore,upon the addition of pyridine derivative PEBP-C4,N–H⋯O hydrogen bonds are the dominant forces driving the three coassembled structures.We have also conducted density functional theory(DFT)calculations to determine the molecular conformation and analyze the mechanisms underlying the formation of nanostructures.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3204402,2020YFA0714703 and 2022YFC2205003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22204135)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023JJ40619)the Education Department of Hunan Province(No.23A0114)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC3027)。
文摘Gaining insights into charge transport related to conformational changes and ion transport in valinomycin(VM)is crucial for understanding the underlying physiological processes and advancing ion carrier applications.Observing these processes in single molecules provides deeper insights and precision than those obtained through conventional ensemble measurements.Herein,we employed a single-molecule conductance measurement method based on the scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction(STM-BJ)to measure the charge transport of individual VM molecules in both non-polar and polar solvents,as well as when mediated by K^(+)ions.Single-molecule conductance measurements revealed that the bracelet and propeller-type conformations of VM in both non-polar and polar solvents significantly affect its conductance.In polar solvents,the propeller-type conformation of VM demonstrated a well-defined conductance signature,single-molecule rectification feature,and through-space transmission mechanism.Specifically,the introduction of K^(+)ions in polar solvents induced a conformational transition from the propeller-type to the bracelet-type form,facilitating K^(+)binding recognition.These observations were further supported by density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function calculations.This study enhanced the fundamental understanding of the electronic transport mechanisms in VM and valinomycin-K^(+)molecular junctions,offering insights into VM ionophores and promoting supramolecular sensing applications.
基金co-supported by the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation General Project,China(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1115)。
文摘A structured method to generate conformal finite element(FE)mesh for realistic 3D woven textile reinforced composite is proposed.It is based on a voxel structure mesh reconstruction framework and aims to provide accurate composite model at yarn level with material properties ready for use in commercial FE software.The textile representative volume element(RVE)is generated at filament level implementing the digital element method.Yarn structure is determined by filament bundle with variant cross-section shapes along its path.Yarn surface is then extracted using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm and a surface mesh is initiated.Then,the mesh domain is defined and constructed by voxel structure.Periodic boundary conditions,inter-yarn,and yarnmatrix interfaces are eliminated by re-mesh and mesh optimization.An element splitting rule is established to split the voxel unit into sub-elements to create smooth interface.A 3D orthogonal weave fabric reinforced composite is generated and simulated under compressive load.The composite structure and damage morphology are in good agreement with those of the experiment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972097)Jiangsu Key Research and Development Plan(Modern Agriculture)(BE2020302)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(24KJB550003)2024 Huaiyin Institute of Technology Talent Recruitment Research Startup Fund Project(Z301B24521)。
文摘To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activity of cathepsin B decreased with an increase in Na^(+)cation content and temperature.Additionally,decreasedα-helix content and increasedβ-sheet content were observed.The increase in sulfhydryl group content was attributed to the breaking of original disulfide bonds in the molecular structure or the release of embedded groups.Furthermore,the surface hydrophobicity gradually declined,which was consistent with the analysis of endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy.At the molecular level,the number of hydrogen bonds formed in NaCl-treated samples decreased,and the interactions between the hydrogen bonding were less powerful,which caused instability in the binding of the protein and substrate.The conformation of cathepsin B accurately characterized its activity,and the structural changes had a macroscopic effect on the decrease in protease activity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72031009)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20&ZD058)。
文摘We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.
文摘In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the quadratic inner-bounded condition. We provide some sufficient conditions that ensure the asymptotic stability of the system. Furthermore, we present the construction of a feedback stabilizing controller for conformable fractional bilinear systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51972079 and 52302062)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB370630202 and 2022YFB3706305).
文摘Electronic 3D printing possesses a remarkable molding ability and convenience in integrated circuits,flexible wearables,and individual automobile requirements.However,traditional 3D printing technology still struggles to meet the demands of high precision and high efficiency in the process of fabricating a curved surface circuit,particularly achieving precise silver circuit molding on irregular substrates.Here,a high-precision and muti-scaled conformal manufacturing method for silver circuits is presented through the digital light processing(DLP)of ultraviolet-curable silver paste(UV-SP)with adjustable photocuring properties,enabling the successful preparation of micro-scaled conductive structure on the sharply skewed hook face.The minimum modeling depth and width of the cured silver paste can be well controlled to 10 and 88µm,respectively.Compared with traditional printing technology,the printing efficiency of complex patterns has increased by over 70%.The printed silver circuit demonstrates an exceptionally high electrical conductivity,reaching as high as 1.16×10^(7) S/m.Additionally,the UV-SP exhibits significant manufacturing efficiency and superior molding resolution compared to conventional direct ink writing and inkjet printing techniques,thereby contributing to the attainment of high precision and efficiency of conformal and micro-molding manufacturing in sensors,communication antennas,and other electronic devices based on curved substrates.
