Secure and high-speed optical communications are of primary focus in information transmission.Although it is widely accepted that chaotic secure communication can provide superior physical layer security,it is challen...Secure and high-speed optical communications are of primary focus in information transmission.Although it is widely accepted that chaotic secure communication can provide superior physical layer security,it is challenging to meet the demand for high-speed increasing communication rate.We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a conceptual paradigm for orbital angular momentum(OAM)configured chaotic laser(OAM-CCL)that allows access to high-security and massivecapacity optical communications.Combining 11 OAM modes and an all-optical feedback chaotic laser,we are able to theoretically empower a well-defined optical communication system with a total transmission capacity of 100 Gb∕s and a bit error rate below the forward error correction threshold 3.8×10^(-3).Furthermore,the OAM-CCL-based communication system is robust to 3D misalignment by resorting to appropriate mode spacing and beam waist.Finally,the conceptual paradigm of the OAM-CCL-based communication system is verified.In contrast to existing systems(traditional free-space optical communication or chaotic optical communication),the OAM-CCL-based communication system has threein-one characteristics of high security,massive capacity,and robustness.The findings demonstrate that this will promote the applicable settings of chaotic laser and provide an alternative promising route to guide high-security and massive-capacity optical communications.展开更多
Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop mor...Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.展开更多
Solid oxide cells(SOCs),which include solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),symmetrical solid oxide cells(S-SOCs),and reversible solid oxide cells(R-SOCs),are considered key technologies for driving low-carbon and green revol...Solid oxide cells(SOCs),which include solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),symmetrical solid oxide cells(S-SOCs),and reversible solid oxide cells(R-SOCs),are considered key technologies for driving low-carbon and green revolution in the energy sector.Because of their clean,low-cost,and high-efficiency characteristics,SOCs have great potential for energy conversion and storage.However,the further development of SOC technologies faces challenges,such as a lack of long-term operational stability of the cell system,high material cost under high-temperature operating conditions,and limited catalytic effects at low temperatures.Recently,high-entropy materials(HEMs)have demonstrated excellent performance and wide application prospects in catalytic reactions,energy storage,supercapacitors,and other fields owing to their unique atomic arrangement and the four core effects(high mixed entropy stabilization effect,sluggish dif-fusion effect,lattice distortion effect,and“cocktail”effect).HEMs provide a new perspective for solving the aforementioned problems in the field of SOCs.This comprehensive review summarizes the applications of HEMs in the three fundamental components of SOCs:elec-trodes,electrolytes,and interconnects,focusing on the role of HEMs in enhancing catalytic activity and conductivity while mitigating harmful gas poisoning.In addition,this review proposes possible development directions for HEMs in SOCs based on the current re-search progress,providing valuable reference for high-entropy designs aimed at further enhancing the performance of SOCs.展开更多
High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature f...High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature furnace linings is a critical concern.In this study,a series of novel entropy-stabilized spinel materials are reported,and their potential applications in high-temperature industries are investigated.XRD and TEM results indicate that all materials possess a cubic spinel crystal structure with the■space group.Furthermore,these materials exhibit good phase stability at high temperatures.All entropy-stabilized spinel aggregates demonstrated high refractoriness(>1800℃)and a high load softening temperature(>1700℃).The impact of configurational entropy on the properties of entropy-stabilized spinel materials was also studied.As configurational entropy increased,the thermal conductivity of the entropy-stabilized spinel decreased,while slag corrosion resistance deteriorated.For the entropy-stabilized spinel with a configurational entropy value of 1.126R,it showed good high-temperature stability,reliable resistance to slag attack,and a low thermal conductivity of 2.776 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 1000℃.展开更多
Steel catenary riser represents the pioneering riser technology implemented in China’s deep-sea oil and gas opera-tions.Given the complex mechanical conditions of the riser,extensive research has been conducted on it...Steel catenary riser represents the pioneering riser technology implemented in China’s deep-sea oil and gas opera-tions.Given the complex mechanical conditions of the riser,extensive research has been conducted on its dynamic analysis and structural design.This study investigates a deep-sea oil and gas field by developing a coupled model of a semi-submersible platform and steel catenary riser to analyze it mechanical behavior under extreme marine condi-tions.Through multi-objective optimization methodology,the study compares and analyzes suspension point tension and touchdown point stress under various conditions by modifying the suspension position,suspension angle,and catenary length.The optimal configuration parameters were determined:a suspension angle of 12°,suspension position in the southwest direction of the column,and a catenary length of approximately 2000 m.These findings elucidate the impact of configuration parameters on riser dynamic response and establish reasonable parameter layout ranges for adverse sea conditions,offering valuable optimization strategies for steel catenary riser deployment in domestic deep-sea oil and gas fields.展开更多
To obtain the Ti_(p)with different aspect ratios,the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite prepared by semi-solid stir casting was subjected to extrusion at 220℃,180℃,and 140℃,respectively.Then,the effect of the Ti_(p)’s ...To obtain the Ti_(p)with different aspect ratios,the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite prepared by semi-solid stir casting was subjected to extrusion at 220℃,180℃,and 140℃,respectively.Then,the effect of the Ti_(p)’s aspect ratio on the microstructure,mechanical properties,work hardening and softening behaviors of Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites was investigated.The results indicated that the Ti_(p)could be elongated obviously after low-temperature extrusion,and the aspect ratio of which would reach to 13.7:1 as the extrusion temperature deceased to 140℃.Then the“Ti/Mg”layer-like structure was formed in the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite.Accompanied with the elongation of Ti_(p),the dynamic recrystallized grains and dynamic precipitates were both refined significantly,however,the dynamic recrystallization rate changed a little.The elongated Ti_(p)endowed the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites with better matching of strength and toughness without the sacrifice of elongation and bending strain.Both the work hardening rate and softening rate of Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites increased with the increasing aspect ratio of Ti_(p).The formation of“Ti/Mg”layer-like structure contributed to the redistribution of strain from large aggregations to a network-like distribution,which effectively suppresses the initiation and propagation of micro-cracks,thus enhancing the plasticity of the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites.展开更多
Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)to produce value-added fuels and chemicals using renewable electricity is an emerging strategy to mitigate global warming and decrease reliance on fossil fuels.Among various ECR pr...Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)to produce value-added fuels and chemicals using renewable electricity is an emerging strategy to mitigate global warming and decrease reliance on fossil fuels.Among various ECR products,liquid oxygenates(Oxys)are especially attractive due to their high energy density,high safety and transportability that could be adapted to the existing infrastructure and transportation system.However,efficiently generating these highly reduced oxygen-containing products by ECR remains challenging due to the complexity of coupled proton and electron transfer processes.In recent years,in-depth studies of reaction mechanisms have advanced the design of catalysts and the regulation of reaction systems for ECR to produce Oxys,Here,by focusing on the production of typical Oxys,such as methanol,acetic acid,ethanol,acetone,n-propanol,and isopropanol,we outline various reaction paths and key intermediates for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into these target products.We also summarize the current research status and recent advances in catalysts based on their elemental composition,and consider recent studies on the change of catalyst geometry and electronic structure,as well as the optimization of reaction systems to increase ECR performance.Finally,we analyze the challenges in the field of ECR to Oxys and provide an outlook on future directions for high-efficiency catalyst prediction and design,as well as the development of advanced reaction systems.展开更多
In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways Hi...In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an onboard energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage media.Firstly,considering the electrical characteristics,weight,and volume of the storage media,a mathematical model of the energy storage system was established.Secondly,to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality,an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage system.Thecapacity optimization adopted a bilevel programming model,with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables,considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter,train load,and space.An improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific cases.The results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings,reduce consumption,and improve power qualitywhile meeting the load and space limitations of the train.展开更多
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)an...Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)and 3‐mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPS)to afford dual surface‐capped nano‐amendment HAPIDA/MPS.The structure of HAP‐IDA/MPS was characterized,and its adsorption performance for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)was evaluated.The total adsorption capacity of 0.10 g HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)with an initial mass concentration of 20 mg·L^(-1) reached 13.7 mg·g^(-1),about 4.3 times as much as that of HAP.Notably,HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment displayed the highest immobilization rate for Hg^(2+),possibly because of its chemical reaction with-SH to form sulfide,possessing the lowest solubility product constant among a variety of metal sulfides.展开更多
Filter capacitors play an important role in altern-ating current(AC)-line filtering for stabilizing voltage,sup-pressing harmonics,and improving power quality.However,traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs)...Filter capacitors play an important role in altern-ating current(AC)-line filtering for stabilizing voltage,sup-pressing harmonics,and improving power quality.However,traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs)suffer from a large size,short lifespan,low power density,and poor reliability,which limits their use.In contrast,ultrafast supercapacitors(SCs)are ideal for replacing commercial AECs because of their extremely high power densities,fast charging and discharging,and excellent high-frequency re-sponse.We review the design principles and key parameters for ultrafast supercapacitors and summarize research pro-gress in recent years from the aspects of electrode materials,electrolytes,and device configurations.The preparation,structures,and frequency response performance of electrode materials mainly consisting of carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes,conductive polymers,and transition metal compounds,are focused on.Finally,future research directions for ultrafast SCs are suggested.展开更多
The conformational and dynamical properties of a long semi-flexible active polymer chain confined in a circular cavity are studied by using Langevin dynamics simulation method.Results show that the steady radius of gy...The conformational and dynamical properties of a long semi-flexible active polymer chain confined in a circular cavity are studied by using Langevin dynamics simulation method.Results show that the steady radius of gyration of the polymer decreases monotonically with increasing the active force.Interestingly,the polymer forms stable compact spiral with directional rotation at the steady state when the active force is large.Both the radius of gyration and the angular velocity of the spiral are nearly independent of the cavity size,but show scaling relations with the active force and the polymer length.It is further found that the formation of the stable compact spiral in most cases is a two-step relaxation process,where the polymer first forms a metastable swelling quasi spiral and then transforms into the stable compacted spiral near the wall of the cavity.The relaxation time is mainly determined by the transformation of the swelling quasi spiral,and shows remarkable dependence on the size of the cavity.Specially,when the circumference of the circular is nearly equivalent to the polymer length,it is difficult for the polymer to form the compacted spiral,leading to a large relaxation time.The underlying mechanism of the formation of the compacted spiral is revealed.展开更多
With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored ha...With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored has increased dramatically. The use of compression techniques for these bitstream files is emerging as a key strategy to alleviate the burden on storage resources. Due to the severe resource constraints of space-based electronics and the unique application environment, the simplicity, efficiency and robustness of the decompression circuitry is also a key design consideration. Through comparative analysis current bitstream file compression technologies, this research suggests that the Lempel Ziv Oberhumer (LZO) compression algorithm is more suitable for satellite applications. This paper also delves into the compression process and format of the LZO compression algorithm, as well as the inherent characteristics of configuration bitstream files. We propose an improved algorithm based on LZO for bitstream file compression, which optimises the compression process by refining the format and reducing the offset. Furthermore, a low-cost, robust decompression hardware architecture is proposed based on this method. Experimental results show that the compression speed of the improved LZO algorithm is increased by 3%, the decompression hardware cost is reduced by approximately 60%, and the compression ratio is slightly reduced by 0.47%.展开更多
In recent years,cold-formed steel(CFS)built-up sections have gained a lot of attention in construction.This is mainly because of their structural efficiency and the design advantages they offer.They provide better loa...In recent years,cold-formed steel(CFS)built-up sections have gained a lot of attention in construction.This is mainly because of their structural efficiency and the design advantages they offer.They provide better loadbearing strength and show greater resistance to elastic instability.This study looks at both experimental and numerical analysis of built-up CFS columns.The columns were formed by joining two C-sections in different ways:back-to-back,face-to-face,and box arrangements.Each type was tested with different slenderness ratios.For the experiments,the back-to-back and box sections were connected using two rows of rivets.The face-to-face sections,on the other hand,were joined by welding.In order to improve axial strength and overall stability,all column samples were filled with ordinary concrete,conforming to class C25/30.The numerical modeling was done in ABAQUS to study themechanical behavior of the columns.This helped in understanding how different joining methods affect their axial compression performance.Analytical checkswere also carried out using Eurocode 3 for hollowsections and Eurocode 4 for concretefilled sections.The role of concrete confinement was examined as well,following American Concrete Institute(ACI)guidelines,for both face-to-face and box-shaped columns.Thenumerical results matched closely with the experimental findings,with variations of less than 5%.The study identified key failure modes such as local buckling and distortional buckling.It highlighted how section shape,type of connection,and concrete infill all play amajor role in improving the strength of built-up CFS columns.展开更多
As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of...As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of this unique species remains challenging.Recently,we have demonstrated that solid-state NMR can be an effective tool for studying surface Ga–H.In this work,we report a comparative solid-state NMR study on H_(2) activation over different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs,specificallyα-,β-andγ-Ga_(2)O_(3).^(1)H solid-state NMR enabled the identification of Ga–H species formed on all the three samples following high-temperature H_(2) treatment.The characteristic ^(1)H NMR signals of Ga–H species are resolved using J-coupling-based double-resonance NMR methods,revealing highly similar lineshapes of Ga–H for all the Ga_(2)O_(3) samples.This suggests potentially similar surface Ga–H configurations among different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs.In addition,the local hydrogen environments on the oxide surfaces are further explored using two-dimensional(2D)^(1)H–^(1)H homonuclear correlation spectra,revealing multiple spatially proximate Ga–H and Ga–H/–OH pairs on different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs.These findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of H_(2) dissociation.Overall,this work offers new perspectives on the local structure of surface Ga–H on Ga_(2)O_(3),and the analytical approach presented here can be further extended to the study of other Ga-based catalysts and other metal hydride species.展开更多
A distinguished category of operational fluids,known as hybrid nanofluids,occupies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties.By employing a dovetail fin profile,this wor...A distinguished category of operational fluids,known as hybrid nanofluids,occupies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties.By employing a dovetail fin profile,this work investigates the thermal reaction of a dynamic fin system to a hybrid nanofluid with shape-based properties,flowing uniformly at a velocity U.The analysis focuses on four distinct types of nanoparticles,i.e.,Al2O3,Ag,carbon nanotube(CNT),and graphene.Specifically,two of these particles exhibit a spherical shape,one possesses a cylindrical form,and the final type adopts a platelet morphology.The investigation delves into the pairing of these nanoparticles.The examination employs a combined approach to assess the constructional and thermal exchange characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid.The fin design,under the specified circumstances,gives rise to the derivation of a differential equation.The given equation is then transformed into a dimensionless form.Notably,the Hermite wavelet method is introduced for the first time to address the challenge posed by a moving fin submerged in a hybrid nanofluid with shape-dependent features.To validate the credibility of this research,the results obtained in this study are systematically compared with the numerical simulations.The examination discloses that the highest heat flux is achieved when combining nanoparticles with spherical and platelet shapes.展开更多
The introduction of machine learning algorithms has revolutionized the design of invisible devices,particularly in the intricate domain of elasto-dynamics.In this study,we proposed a core-shell configuration to realiz...The introduction of machine learning algorithms has revolutionized the design of invisible devices,particularly in the intricate domain of elasto-dynamics.In this study,we proposed a core-shell configuration to realize elastic sphere cloaks driven by a Bayesian optimization algorithm to pinpoint the optimal configuration with high precision.Numerical simulations in solid and aqueous environments were performed to validate the cloaking efficacy of our design and the parameters identified by the algorithm.The results closely agreed with the theoretical predictions,underscoring the robustness of the proposed method.This approach provides new insights into the design of elastic wave invisibility devices and has potential applications in underwater communication and sonar detection.展开更多
The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are stil...The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are still challenging in photocatalytic water purification.Herein,a general strategy is achieved by subsequentially anchoring Fe SAs and Fe NPs in graphitic carbon nitride.The modification of Fe SAs and Fe NPs improves the energy band structure and constructs a gradient charge polarization,directly expanding the optical absorption range and facilitating the efficient separation and transfer of charge car-riers.With the assistance of the gradient charge polarization,pollutants are readily oxidated by h+,which strengthens the continuous reduction of O2 on Fe NPs for pollutant oxidation in water.This work rein-forces the synergistic effect of SAs and NPs on electronic configuration modulation at the atomic level,which exhibits great potential for the construction of an efficient and sustainable water purification sys-tem.展开更多
A substation is a complex coupled system composed of various electrical equipment.Compared with standalone equipment,there is a significant coupling effect in the seismic response of interconnected equipment.To addres...A substation is a complex coupled system composed of various electrical equipment.Compared with standalone equipment,there is a significant coupling effect in the seismic response of interconnected equipment.To address this issue,this study investigates the seismic interaction of substation equipment with multiple electrical configurations and proposes an improved seismic design method.First,the concept of the coupling coefficient is introduced,which is used to improve the Newmark-βmethod and response spectrum method for the seismic design of standalone equipment.Then,the finite element models of a substation system with multiple configurations are established,and the vibration characteristics and seismic responses of the interconnected equipment are investigated.Finally,the coupling coefficients are obtained by kernel density estimation of the response results under twenty seismic ground motions,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through two numerical examples.The results show that the frequency coupling coefficients vary from 0.69 to 1.42,while the seismic action coupling coefficient has a wider range,changing from 1.04 to 3.91.The coupling effect amplifies the seismic response of higher-frequency equipment,and the amplification degree varies among different configurations for the same type of equipment.展开更多
By combining a concave-convex multi-pass cavity with solid-state nonlinear media for spectral broadening and a post-compression grating setup,we generated femtosecond pulses with high peak power density.Compared to th...By combining a concave-convex multi-pass cavity with solid-state nonlinear media for spectral broadening and a post-compression grating setup,we generated femtosecond pulses with high peak power density.Compared to the other traditional pulse compression technologies,the configuration is very compact with large tolerance for beam direction and spot size.The pulses with an average power of 80 W,a pulse width of 10.7 ps,and a repetition rate of 500 kHz are compressed to 842 fs with the configuration,and the compressed pulse duration approaches the Fourier transform limited pulse duration of 707 fs.展开更多
Immiscible bimetal systems,of which tungsten–copper(W–Cu)is a typical representative,have crucial applications in fields requiring both mechanical and physical properties.Nevertheless,it is a major challenge to dete...Immiscible bimetal systems,of which tungsten–copper(W–Cu)is a typical representative,have crucial applications in fields requiring both mechanical and physical properties.Nevertheless,it is a major challenge to determine how to give full play to the advantages of the two phases of the bimetal and achieve outstanding comprehensive properties.In this study,an ultrafine-grained W–Cu bimetal with spatially connected Cu and specific Wislands was fabricated through a designed powder-mixing process and subsequent rapid low-temperature sintering.The prepared bimetal concurrently has a high yield strength,large plastic strain,and high electrical conductivity.The stress distribution and strain response of individual phases in different types of W–Cu bimetals under loading were quantified by means of a simulation.The high yield strength of the reported bimetal results from the microstructure refinement and high contiguity of the grains in the W islands,which enhance the contribution of W to the total plastic deformation of the bimetal.The high electrical conductivity is attributed to the increased mean free path of the Cu and the reduced proportion of phase boundaries due to the specific phase combination of W islands and Cu.This work provides new insight into modulating phase configuration in immiscible metallic composites to achieve high-level multi-objective properties.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61927811,62035009,and 11974258)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202103021224038)+3 种基金the Development Fund in Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(Grant No.YDZJSX2021A009)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics(Grant No.SKLAO2022001A09)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(Grant Nos.ZK[2021]031 and ZK[2023]049)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams.
文摘Secure and high-speed optical communications are of primary focus in information transmission.Although it is widely accepted that chaotic secure communication can provide superior physical layer security,it is challenging to meet the demand for high-speed increasing communication rate.We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a conceptual paradigm for orbital angular momentum(OAM)configured chaotic laser(OAM-CCL)that allows access to high-security and massivecapacity optical communications.Combining 11 OAM modes and an all-optical feedback chaotic laser,we are able to theoretically empower a well-defined optical communication system with a total transmission capacity of 100 Gb∕s and a bit error rate below the forward error correction threshold 3.8×10^(-3).Furthermore,the OAM-CCL-based communication system is robust to 3D misalignment by resorting to appropriate mode spacing and beam waist.Finally,the conceptual paradigm of the OAM-CCL-based communication system is verified.In contrast to existing systems(traditional free-space optical communication or chaotic optical communication),the OAM-CCL-based communication system has threein-one characteristics of high security,massive capacity,and robustness.The findings demonstrate that this will promote the applicable settings of chaotic laser and provide an alternative promising route to guide high-security and massive-capacity optical communications.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0403305)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101845)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0105000)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04).
文摘Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.
基金supported by the Industrial Foresight Projects and Common Key Technologies of Zhenjiang(No.GY2024028)The authors also acknowledged the support of the Marine Equipment and Technology Institute,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(No.XTCX202404).
文摘Solid oxide cells(SOCs),which include solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),symmetrical solid oxide cells(S-SOCs),and reversible solid oxide cells(R-SOCs),are considered key technologies for driving low-carbon and green revolution in the energy sector.Because of their clean,low-cost,and high-efficiency characteristics,SOCs have great potential for energy conversion and storage.However,the further development of SOC technologies faces challenges,such as a lack of long-term operational stability of the cell system,high material cost under high-temperature operating conditions,and limited catalytic effects at low temperatures.Recently,high-entropy materials(HEMs)have demonstrated excellent performance and wide application prospects in catalytic reactions,energy storage,supercapacitors,and other fields owing to their unique atomic arrangement and the four core effects(high mixed entropy stabilization effect,sluggish dif-fusion effect,lattice distortion effect,and“cocktail”effect).HEMs provide a new perspective for solving the aforementioned problems in the field of SOCs.This comprehensive review summarizes the applications of HEMs in the three fundamental components of SOCs:elec-trodes,electrolytes,and interconnects,focusing on the role of HEMs in enhancing catalytic activity and conductivity while mitigating harmful gas poisoning.In addition,this review proposes possible development directions for HEMs in SOCs based on the current re-search progress,providing valuable reference for high-entropy designs aimed at further enhancing the performance of SOCs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472032 and 52172023)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFA083)
文摘High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature furnace linings is a critical concern.In this study,a series of novel entropy-stabilized spinel materials are reported,and their potential applications in high-temperature industries are investigated.XRD and TEM results indicate that all materials possess a cubic spinel crystal structure with the■space group.Furthermore,these materials exhibit good phase stability at high temperatures.All entropy-stabilized spinel aggregates demonstrated high refractoriness(>1800℃)and a high load softening temperature(>1700℃).The impact of configurational entropy on the properties of entropy-stabilized spinel materials was also studied.As configurational entropy increased,the thermal conductivity of the entropy-stabilized spinel decreased,while slag corrosion resistance deteriorated.For the entropy-stabilized spinel with a configurational entropy value of 1.126R,it showed good high-temperature stability,reliable resistance to slag attack,and a low thermal conductivity of 2.776 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 1000℃.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC2806100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22B20126 and 52374020)+1 种基金Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462025QNXZ009)Beijing Nova Program(Grant No.20250484913).
文摘Steel catenary riser represents the pioneering riser technology implemented in China’s deep-sea oil and gas opera-tions.Given the complex mechanical conditions of the riser,extensive research has been conducted on its dynamic analysis and structural design.This study investigates a deep-sea oil and gas field by developing a coupled model of a semi-submersible platform and steel catenary riser to analyze it mechanical behavior under extreme marine condi-tions.Through multi-objective optimization methodology,the study compares and analyzes suspension point tension and touchdown point stress under various conditions by modifying the suspension position,suspension angle,and catenary length.The optimal configuration parameters were determined:a suspension angle of 12°,suspension position in the southwest direction of the column,and a catenary length of approximately 2000 m.These findings elucidate the impact of configuration parameters on riser dynamic response and establish reasonable parameter layout ranges for adverse sea conditions,offering valuable optimization strategies for steel catenary riser deployment in domestic deep-sea oil and gas fields.
基金supported by the“National Natural Science Foundation of China”(Grants.52271109 and 52001223)Support from the“National Key Research and Development Program for Young Scientists”(Grant.2021YFB3703300)+1 种基金the Major Special Plan for Science and Technology in Shanxi Province(202201050201012)the Special Fund Project for Guiding Local Science and Technology Development by the Central Government(Grant.YDZJSX2021B019)。
文摘To obtain the Ti_(p)with different aspect ratios,the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite prepared by semi-solid stir casting was subjected to extrusion at 220℃,180℃,and 140℃,respectively.Then,the effect of the Ti_(p)’s aspect ratio on the microstructure,mechanical properties,work hardening and softening behaviors of Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites was investigated.The results indicated that the Ti_(p)could be elongated obviously after low-temperature extrusion,and the aspect ratio of which would reach to 13.7:1 as the extrusion temperature deceased to 140℃.Then the“Ti/Mg”layer-like structure was formed in the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite.Accompanied with the elongation of Ti_(p),the dynamic recrystallized grains and dynamic precipitates were both refined significantly,however,the dynamic recrystallization rate changed a little.The elongated Ti_(p)endowed the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites with better matching of strength and toughness without the sacrifice of elongation and bending strain.Both the work hardening rate and softening rate of Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites increased with the increasing aspect ratio of Ti_(p).The formation of“Ti/Mg”layer-like structure contributed to the redistribution of strain from large aggregations to a network-like distribution,which effectively suppresses the initiation and propagation of micro-cracks,thus enhancing the plasticity of the Ti_(p)/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composites.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201237)the Talent Introduction Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(E344011)+4 种基金the Shenzhen High Level Talent Team Project(KQTD2022110109364705)the Joint Research Project of China Merchants Group and SIAT(E2Z1521)the Cross Institute Joint Research Youth Team Project of SIAT(E25427)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52402136)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(E325281005)。
文摘Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)to produce value-added fuels and chemicals using renewable electricity is an emerging strategy to mitigate global warming and decrease reliance on fossil fuels.Among various ECR products,liquid oxygenates(Oxys)are especially attractive due to their high energy density,high safety and transportability that could be adapted to the existing infrastructure and transportation system.However,efficiently generating these highly reduced oxygen-containing products by ECR remains challenging due to the complexity of coupled proton and electron transfer processes.In recent years,in-depth studies of reaction mechanisms have advanced the design of catalysts and the regulation of reaction systems for ECR to produce Oxys,Here,by focusing on the production of typical Oxys,such as methanol,acetic acid,ethanol,acetone,n-propanol,and isopropanol,we outline various reaction paths and key intermediates for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into these target products.We also summarize the current research status and recent advances in catalysts based on their elemental composition,and consider recent studies on the change of catalyst geometry and electronic structure,as well as the optimization of reaction systems to increase ECR performance.Finally,we analyze the challenges in the field of ECR to Oxys and provide an outlook on future directions for high-efficiency catalyst prediction and design,as well as the development of advanced reaction systems.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52167013)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(24JRRA225)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(23JRRA891).
文摘In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an onboard energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage media.Firstly,considering the electrical characteristics,weight,and volume of the storage media,a mathematical model of the energy storage system was established.Secondly,to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality,an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage system.Thecapacity optimization adopted a bilevel programming model,with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables,considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter,train load,and space.An improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific cases.The results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings,reduce consumption,and improve power qualitywhile meeting the load and space limitations of the train.
文摘Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)and 3‐mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPS)to afford dual surface‐capped nano‐amendment HAPIDA/MPS.The structure of HAP‐IDA/MPS was characterized,and its adsorption performance for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)was evaluated.The total adsorption capacity of 0.10 g HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)with an initial mass concentration of 20 mg·L^(-1) reached 13.7 mg·g^(-1),about 4.3 times as much as that of HAP.Notably,HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment displayed the highest immobilization rate for Hg^(2+),possibly because of its chemical reaction with-SH to form sulfide,possessing the lowest solubility product constant among a variety of metal sulfides.
文摘Filter capacitors play an important role in altern-ating current(AC)-line filtering for stabilizing voltage,sup-pressing harmonics,and improving power quality.However,traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs)suffer from a large size,short lifespan,low power density,and poor reliability,which limits their use.In contrast,ultrafast supercapacitors(SCs)are ideal for replacing commercial AECs because of their extremely high power densities,fast charging and discharging,and excellent high-frequency re-sponse.We review the design principles and key parameters for ultrafast supercapacitors and summarize research pro-gress in recent years from the aspects of electrode materials,electrolytes,and device configurations.The preparation,structures,and frequency response performance of electrode materials mainly consisting of carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes,conductive polymers,and transition metal compounds,are focused on.Finally,future research directions for ultrafast SCs are suggested.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY20A040004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22203060 and 11974305).
文摘The conformational and dynamical properties of a long semi-flexible active polymer chain confined in a circular cavity are studied by using Langevin dynamics simulation method.Results show that the steady radius of gyration of the polymer decreases monotonically with increasing the active force.Interestingly,the polymer forms stable compact spiral with directional rotation at the steady state when the active force is large.Both the radius of gyration and the angular velocity of the spiral are nearly independent of the cavity size,but show scaling relations with the active force and the polymer length.It is further found that the formation of the stable compact spiral in most cases is a two-step relaxation process,where the polymer first forms a metastable swelling quasi spiral and then transforms into the stable compacted spiral near the wall of the cavity.The relaxation time is mainly determined by the transformation of the swelling quasi spiral,and shows remarkable dependence on the size of the cavity.Specially,when the circumference of the circular is nearly equivalent to the polymer length,it is difficult for the polymer to form the compacted spiral,leading to a large relaxation time.The underlying mechanism of the formation of the compacted spiral is revealed.
基金supported in part by the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave(Grant Nos.HTKJ2022KL504009 and HTKJ2022KL5040010).
文摘With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored has increased dramatically. The use of compression techniques for these bitstream files is emerging as a key strategy to alleviate the burden on storage resources. Due to the severe resource constraints of space-based electronics and the unique application environment, the simplicity, efficiency and robustness of the decompression circuitry is also a key design consideration. Through comparative analysis current bitstream file compression technologies, this research suggests that the Lempel Ziv Oberhumer (LZO) compression algorithm is more suitable for satellite applications. This paper also delves into the compression process and format of the LZO compression algorithm, as well as the inherent characteristics of configuration bitstream files. We propose an improved algorithm based on LZO for bitstream file compression, which optimises the compression process by refining the format and reducing the offset. Furthermore, a low-cost, robust decompression hardware architecture is proposed based on this method. Experimental results show that the compression speed of the improved LZO algorithm is increased by 3%, the decompression hardware cost is reduced by approximately 60%, and the compression ratio is slightly reduced by 0.47%.
文摘In recent years,cold-formed steel(CFS)built-up sections have gained a lot of attention in construction.This is mainly because of their structural efficiency and the design advantages they offer.They provide better loadbearing strength and show greater resistance to elastic instability.This study looks at both experimental and numerical analysis of built-up CFS columns.The columns were formed by joining two C-sections in different ways:back-to-back,face-to-face,and box arrangements.Each type was tested with different slenderness ratios.For the experiments,the back-to-back and box sections were connected using two rows of rivets.The face-to-face sections,on the other hand,were joined by welding.In order to improve axial strength and overall stability,all column samples were filled with ordinary concrete,conforming to class C25/30.The numerical modeling was done in ABAQUS to study themechanical behavior of the columns.This helped in understanding how different joining methods affect their axial compression performance.Analytical checkswere also carried out using Eurocode 3 for hollowsections and Eurocode 4 for concretefilled sections.The role of concrete confinement was examined as well,following American Concrete Institute(ACI)guidelines,for both face-to-face and box-shaped columns.Thenumerical results matched closely with the experimental findings,with variations of less than 5%.The study identified key failure modes such as local buckling and distortional buckling.It highlighted how section shape,type of connection,and concrete infill all play amajor role in improving the strength of built-up CFS columns.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1502803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22325405,22372160,22432005 and 22321002)Dalian Science and Technology Talent Innovation Program(No.2024RG009).
文摘As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of this unique species remains challenging.Recently,we have demonstrated that solid-state NMR can be an effective tool for studying surface Ga–H.In this work,we report a comparative solid-state NMR study on H_(2) activation over different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs,specificallyα-,β-andγ-Ga_(2)O_(3).^(1)H solid-state NMR enabled the identification of Ga–H species formed on all the three samples following high-temperature H_(2) treatment.The characteristic ^(1)H NMR signals of Ga–H species are resolved using J-coupling-based double-resonance NMR methods,revealing highly similar lineshapes of Ga–H for all the Ga_(2)O_(3) samples.This suggests potentially similar surface Ga–H configurations among different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs.In addition,the local hydrogen environments on the oxide surfaces are further explored using two-dimensional(2D)^(1)H–^(1)H homonuclear correlation spectra,revealing multiple spatially proximate Ga–H and Ga–H/–OH pairs on different Ga_(2)O_(3) polymorphs.These findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of H_(2) dissociation.Overall,this work offers new perspectives on the local structure of surface Ga–H on Ga_(2)O_(3),and the analytical approach presented here can be further extended to the study of other Ga-based catalysts and other metal hydride species.
文摘A distinguished category of operational fluids,known as hybrid nanofluids,occupies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties.By employing a dovetail fin profile,this work investigates the thermal reaction of a dynamic fin system to a hybrid nanofluid with shape-based properties,flowing uniformly at a velocity U.The analysis focuses on four distinct types of nanoparticles,i.e.,Al2O3,Ag,carbon nanotube(CNT),and graphene.Specifically,two of these particles exhibit a spherical shape,one possesses a cylindrical form,and the final type adopts a platelet morphology.The investigation delves into the pairing of these nanoparticles.The examination employs a combined approach to assess the constructional and thermal exchange characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid.The fin design,under the specified circumstances,gives rise to the derivation of a differential equation.The given equation is then transformed into a dimensionless form.Notably,the Hermite wavelet method is introduced for the first time to address the challenge posed by a moving fin submerged in a hybrid nanofluid with shape-dependent features.To validate the credibility of this research,the results obtained in this study are systematically compared with the numerical simulations.The examination discloses that the highest heat flux is achieved when combining nanoparticles with spherical and platelet shapes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1407100 and 2020YFA0710100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374410 and 12361161667)。
文摘The introduction of machine learning algorithms has revolutionized the design of invisible devices,particularly in the intricate domain of elasto-dynamics.In this study,we proposed a core-shell configuration to realize elastic sphere cloaks driven by a Bayesian optimization algorithm to pinpoint the optimal configuration with high precision.Numerical simulations in solid and aqueous environments were performed to validate the cloaking efficacy of our design and the parameters identified by the algorithm.The results closely agreed with the theoretical predictions,underscoring the robustness of the proposed method.This approach provides new insights into the design of elastic wave invisibility devices and has potential applications in underwater communication and sonar detection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52100032 and 52350005)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou(Nos.2024A04J3679, 2024A03J0088)+2 种基金the Introduced Innovative Research and Development Team Project under the“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”of Guangdong Province(No.2019ZT08L387)the Special Basic Research Fund for Central Public Research Institutes of China(No.PMzx703-202204-152)the Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology(No.2023B1212060016).
文摘The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are still challenging in photocatalytic water purification.Herein,a general strategy is achieved by subsequentially anchoring Fe SAs and Fe NPs in graphitic carbon nitride.The modification of Fe SAs and Fe NPs improves the energy band structure and constructs a gradient charge polarization,directly expanding the optical absorption range and facilitating the efficient separation and transfer of charge car-riers.With the assistance of the gradient charge polarization,pollutants are readily oxidated by h+,which strengthens the continuous reduction of O2 on Fe NPs for pollutant oxidation in water.This work rein-forces the synergistic effect of SAs and NPs on electronic configuration modulation at the atomic level,which exhibits great potential for the construction of an efficient and sustainable water purification sys-tem.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 52378483the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. DUT21JC07+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake Administration under Grant No. 2021D17
文摘A substation is a complex coupled system composed of various electrical equipment.Compared with standalone equipment,there is a significant coupling effect in the seismic response of interconnected equipment.To address this issue,this study investigates the seismic interaction of substation equipment with multiple electrical configurations and proposes an improved seismic design method.First,the concept of the coupling coefficient is introduced,which is used to improve the Newmark-βmethod and response spectrum method for the seismic design of standalone equipment.Then,the finite element models of a substation system with multiple configurations are established,and the vibration characteristics and seismic responses of the interconnected equipment are investigated.Finally,the coupling coefficients are obtained by kernel density estimation of the response results under twenty seismic ground motions,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through two numerical examples.The results show that the frequency coupling coefficients vary from 0.69 to 1.42,while the seismic action coupling coefficient has a wider range,changing from 1.04 to 3.91.The coupling effect amplifies the seismic response of higher-frequency equipment,and the amplification degree varies among different configurations for the same type of equipment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1604200 and 2022YFB4601101)the Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(Grant No.Z231100006623006)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ21019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12034020,11975001,12075034,and 12261131495)。
文摘By combining a concave-convex multi-pass cavity with solid-state nonlinear media for spectral broadening and a post-compression grating setup,we generated femtosecond pulses with high peak power density.Compared to the other traditional pulse compression technologies,the configuration is very compact with large tolerance for beam direction and spot size.The pulses with an average power of 80 W,a pulse width of 10.7 ps,and a repetition rate of 500 kHz are compressed to 842 fs with the configuration,and the compressed pulse duration approaches the Fourier transform limited pulse duration of 707 fs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92163107,52171061,and 52371128)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3708800 and 2021YFB3501502).
文摘Immiscible bimetal systems,of which tungsten–copper(W–Cu)is a typical representative,have crucial applications in fields requiring both mechanical and physical properties.Nevertheless,it is a major challenge to determine how to give full play to the advantages of the two phases of the bimetal and achieve outstanding comprehensive properties.In this study,an ultrafine-grained W–Cu bimetal with spatially connected Cu and specific Wislands was fabricated through a designed powder-mixing process and subsequent rapid low-temperature sintering.The prepared bimetal concurrently has a high yield strength,large plastic strain,and high electrical conductivity.The stress distribution and strain response of individual phases in different types of W–Cu bimetals under loading were quantified by means of a simulation.The high yield strength of the reported bimetal results from the microstructure refinement and high contiguity of the grains in the W islands,which enhance the contribution of W to the total plastic deformation of the bimetal.The high electrical conductivity is attributed to the increased mean free path of the Cu and the reduced proportion of phase boundaries due to the specific phase combination of W islands and Cu.This work provides new insight into modulating phase configuration in immiscible metallic composites to achieve high-level multi-objective properties.
