Fast ionic conductors are one kind of solid state material with ionic conductivity as high as that of melten salts or liquid electrolytes.Ionic conductivity is one of the important parameters for characterizing a fast...Fast ionic conductors are one kind of solid state material with ionic conductivity as high as that of melten salts or liquid electrolytes.Ionic conductivity is one of the important parameters for characterizing a fast ionic conductor.For a long time materialists and chemists have made great efforts in search of new fast ionic conductors with high ionic conductivity.In view of structure,they have synthesised silver and copper fast ionic conductors with so called open structures.But it is not so successful for searching more applicable alkaline fast ionic conductors.Since polymer has flexibility for making thin film,it concentrates attention on the polymer-alkaline salt complex.Fenton et al.have first reported poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-alkaline salt complex.Later on Armard et al.have investigated the electrical property of PEO-NaSCN.展开更多
The ionic conductivity and the mechanical strength are two key factors for the performance of poly（ethylene oxide）（PEO） based polyelectrolytes. However, crystallized PEO suppresses ion conductivity at low temperat...The ionic conductivity and the mechanical strength are two key factors for the performance of poly（ethylene oxide）（PEO） based polyelectrolytes. However, crystallized PEO suppresses ion conductivity at low temperature and melted PEO has low mechanical strength at high temperature. Here, random binary brush copolymer composed of PEO-and polystyrene（PS）-based side chains is synthesized. PEO crystallinity is suppressed by the introduction of PS brushes. Doping with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate（Li Tf） induces microphase separation. Due to a random arrangement of the brushes, the microphase segregation is incomplete even at high salt loading, which provides both high ionic conductivity and high mechanical strength at room temperature. These results provide opportunities for the design of polymeric electrolytes to be used at room temperature.展开更多
Single-phase La_（2–x）Nd_xMo_2O_9（0≤x≤1.8） compounds were prepared using solid-state reaction technique. Their structural and thermal p roperties were characterized by room and high temperatures X-ray diffractio...Single-phase La_（2–x）Nd_xMo_2O_9（0≤x≤1.8） compounds were prepared using solid-state reaction technique. Their structural and thermal p roperties were characterized by room and high temperatures X-ray diffraction（XRD）, thermo gravimetric analysis-differential scanningcalorimetry（TG-DSC）, and high temperature Raman spectra. The transport properties were investigated using D.C. four-probe technique and Hebb-Wagner polarization method. The substitution limit of Nb^（3＋） in La_（2–x）Nd_xMo_2O_9 was determined to be in the range of 1.8展开更多
This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial(ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04878016)conducted in 54 hospitals in China.Adults who were histologically diagnosed and never treated for extensive-st...This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial(ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04878016)conducted in 54 hospitals in China.Adults who were histologically diagnosed and never treated for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC)were enrolled.Eligible Patients were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive four cycles(21 days as one cycle)of intravenous carboplatin(area under the curve of 5 mg/mL per min,day 1 of each cycle)and etoposide(100 mg/m²of body-surface area,on days 1–3 of each cycle)with either socazolimab(5 mg/kg,day 1 of each cycle)or matching placebo,following maintenance therapy with socazolimab or placebo.From July 15,2021,to May 12,2022,498 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive socazolimab(250 patients)or placebo(248 patients)combined with chemotherapy.As of October 13,2023,patients treated with socazolimab presented significant overall survival(OS)benefit(13.90 months)compared with the placebo plus EC group(11.58 months)(hazard ratio for death,0.799;95%CI,0.652–0.979;p=0.0158).The median progression free survival(PFS)was 5.55 months in the socazolimab plus EC group,prolonging disease progression or death by nearly 1.2 months(5.55 months vs 4.37 months,hazard ratio for progression or death,0.569;95%CI,0.457–0.708;p<0.0001).200(80.3%)patients in the socazolimab plus EC group experienced≥grade 3 treatment-related adverse events and 187(75.7%)patients occurred in the placebo plus EC group.Socazolimab combined with standard EC regimen chemotherapy for first-line treatment of ES-SCLC significantly prolonged overall survival and did not increase the safety risk of treatment.展开更多
EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, t...EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, the consistency error of this element is of order O（h2） one order higher than its interpolation error O（h）, the superclose results of order O（h2） in broken Hi-norm are obtained. At the same time, the global superconvergence in broken Hi-norm is deduced by interpolation postprocessing technique. Moreover, the extrapolation result with order O（h4） is derived by constructing a new interpolation postprocessing operator and extrapolation scheme based on the known asymptotic expansion formulas of EQrot element. Finally, optimal error estimate is gained for a proposed fully-discrete scheme by different approaches from the previous literature.展开更多
This paper discusses composite materials based on inorganic salts for medium- and high-temperature thermal energy storage application. The composites consist of a phase change material （PCM）, a ceramic material, and...This paper discusses composite materials based on inorganic salts for medium- and high-temperature thermal energy storage application. The composites consist of a phase change material （PCM）, a ceramic material, and a high thermal conductivity material. The ceramic material forms a microstructural skeleton for encapsulation of the PCM and structural stability of the composites; the high thermal conductivity material enhances the overall thermal conductivity of the composites. Using a eutectic salt of lithium and sodium carbonates as the PCM, magnesium oxide as the ceramic skeleton, and either graphite flakes or carbon nanotubes as the thermal conductivity enhancer, we produced composites with good physical and chemical stability and high thermal conductivity. We found that the wettability of the molten salt on the ceramic and carbon materials significantly affects the microstructure of the composites.展开更多
文摘Fast ionic conductors are one kind of solid state material with ionic conductivity as high as that of melten salts or liquid electrolytes.Ionic conductivity is one of the important parameters for characterizing a fast ionic conductor.For a long time materialists and chemists have made great efforts in search of new fast ionic conductors with high ionic conductivity.In view of structure,they have synthesised silver and copper fast ionic conductors with so called open structures.But it is not so successful for searching more applicable alkaline fast ionic conductors.Since polymer has flexibility for making thin film,it concentrates attention on the polymer-alkaline salt complex.Fenton et al.have first reported poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-alkaline salt complex.Later on Armard et al.have investigated the electrical property of PEO-NaSCN.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0206904,2017YFA0206900)start-up fund of Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The ionic conductivity and the mechanical strength are two key factors for the performance of poly（ethylene oxide）（PEO） based polyelectrolytes. However, crystallized PEO suppresses ion conductivity at low temperature and melted PEO has low mechanical strength at high temperature. Here, random binary brush copolymer composed of PEO-and polystyrene（PS）-based side chains is synthesized. PEO crystallinity is suppressed by the introduction of PS brushes. Doping with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate（Li Tf） induces microphase separation. Due to a random arrangement of the brushes, the microphase segregation is incomplete even at high salt loading, which provides both high ionic conductivity and high mechanical strength at room temperature. These results provide opportunities for the design of polymeric electrolytes to be used at room temperature.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50604002)
文摘Single-phase La_（2–x）Nd_xMo_2O_9（0≤x≤1.8） compounds were prepared using solid-state reaction technique. Their structural and thermal p roperties were characterized by room and high temperatures X-ray diffraction（XRD）, thermo gravimetric analysis-differential scanningcalorimetry（TG-DSC）, and high temperature Raman spectra. The transport properties were investigated using D.C. four-probe technique and Hebb-Wagner polarization method. The substitution limit of Nb^（3＋） in La_（2–x）Nd_xMo_2O_9 was determined to be in the range of 1.8
文摘This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial(ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04878016)conducted in 54 hospitals in China.Adults who were histologically diagnosed and never treated for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC)were enrolled.Eligible Patients were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive four cycles(21 days as one cycle)of intravenous carboplatin(area under the curve of 5 mg/mL per min,day 1 of each cycle)and etoposide(100 mg/m²of body-surface area,on days 1–3 of each cycle)with either socazolimab(5 mg/kg,day 1 of each cycle)or matching placebo,following maintenance therapy with socazolimab or placebo.From July 15,2021,to May 12,2022,498 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive socazolimab(250 patients)or placebo(248 patients)combined with chemotherapy.As of October 13,2023,patients treated with socazolimab presented significant overall survival(OS)benefit(13.90 months)compared with the placebo plus EC group(11.58 months)(hazard ratio for death,0.799;95%CI,0.652–0.979;p=0.0158).The median progression free survival(PFS)was 5.55 months in the socazolimab plus EC group,prolonging disease progression or death by nearly 1.2 months(5.55 months vs 4.37 months,hazard ratio for progression or death,0.569;95%CI,0.457–0.708;p<0.0001).200(80.3%)patients in the socazolimab plus EC group experienced≥grade 3 treatment-related adverse events and 187(75.7%)patients occurred in the placebo plus EC group.Socazolimab combined with standard EC regimen chemotherapy for first-line treatment of ES-SCLC significantly prolonged overall survival and did not increase the safety risk of treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10971203 11101381)+3 种基金Tianyuan Mathe-matics Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11026154)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 112300410026)Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Henan Province (Nos. 2011A110020 12A110021)
文摘EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, the consistency error of this element is of order O（h2） one order higher than its interpolation error O（h）, the superclose results of order O（h2） in broken Hi-norm are obtained. At the same time, the global superconvergence in broken Hi-norm is deduced by interpolation postprocessing technique. Moreover, the extrapolation result with order O（h4） is derived by constructing a new interpolation postprocessing operator and extrapolation scheme based on the known asymptotic expansion formulas of EQrot element. Finally, optimal error estimate is gained for a proposed fully-discrete scheme by different approaches from the previous literature.
基金supported by the Focused Deployment Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KGZD-EW-302-1)Key Technologies R&D Program of China(No.2012BAA03B03)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21106151)the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)under grant EP/K002252/1
文摘This paper discusses composite materials based on inorganic salts for medium- and high-temperature thermal energy storage application. The composites consist of a phase change material （PCM）, a ceramic material, and a high thermal conductivity material. The ceramic material forms a microstructural skeleton for encapsulation of the PCM and structural stability of the composites; the high thermal conductivity material enhances the overall thermal conductivity of the composites. Using a eutectic salt of lithium and sodium carbonates as the PCM, magnesium oxide as the ceramic skeleton, and either graphite flakes or carbon nanotubes as the thermal conductivity enhancer, we produced composites with good physical and chemical stability and high thermal conductivity. We found that the wettability of the molten salt on the ceramic and carbon materials significantly affects the microstructure of the composites.
