Soft condensed-state physics is a disciplinary frontier of 20th-century physics. An interdiscipline in nature, it involves biology, chemistry and even pure mathematics. Taking the liquid crystal (LC) biomembrane as an...Soft condensed-state physics is a disciplinary frontier of 20th-century physics. An interdiscipline in nature, it involves biology, chemistry and even pure mathematics. Taking the liquid crystal (LC) biomembrane as an example, this article expounds the current development trend of this new and promising branch of contemporary physics.展开更多
One important issue in current condensed matter physics is the search of quantum spin liquid(QSL),an exotic magnetic state with strongly-fluctuating and highly-entangled spins down to zero temperature without static o...One important issue in current condensed matter physics is the search of quantum spin liquid(QSL),an exotic magnetic state with strongly-fluctuating and highly-entangled spins down to zero temperature without static order.However,there is no consensus on the existence of a QSL state in any real material so far,due to inevitable disorder and intricate competing exchange interactions on frustrated spin lattices.Here we report systematic heat transport measurements on a honeycomb-lattice compound BaCo_(2)(AsO_(4))_(2),which manifests magnetic order in zero field.In a narrow in-plane field range after the magnetic order is nearly suppressed,in both perpendicular and parallel to the zigzag direction,a finite residual linear term of thermal conductivity is clearly observed,which is attributed to mobile fermionic excitations.In addition,the spin-phonon scattering rate exhibits a T-linear behavior when the order disappears.These observations suggest a partial QSL state with gapless spinon excitations in BaCo_(2)(AsO_(4))_(2),that emerges when a portion of the spins remains ordered,and vanishes as the spins become progressively polarized.展开更多
Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-...Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-solid or a rigid glass.展开更多
Ni_(83)Fe_(17) films with a thickness of about 100 nm were deposited onthermal oxidized silicon substrates at ambient temperature, 240, 350, and 410℃ by DC magnetronsputtering. The deposition rate was about 0.11 nm/s...Ni_(83)Fe_(17) films with a thickness of about 100 nm were deposited onthermal oxidized silicon substrates at ambient temperature, 240, 350, and 410℃ by DC magnetronsputtering. The deposition rate was about 0.11 nm/s. The as-deposited films were annealed at 450,550, and 650℃, respectively, in a vacuum lower than 3 x 10~3 Pa for 1 h. The Ni_(83)Fe_(17) filmsmainly grow with a crystalline orientation of [111] in the direction of the film growth. With theannealing temperature increasing, the [111] orientation enhances. For films deposited at all fourdifferent temperatures, the significant improvement on anisotropic magnetoresistance occurs at theannealing temperature higher than 550℃. But for films deposited at ambient temperatures and 240 ℃,the anisotropic magnetoresistance can only rise to about 1% after 650 ℃ annealing. For filmsdeposited at 350℃ and 410℃, the anisotropic magnetoresistance rises to about 3.8% after 650℃annealing. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation shows a significant increase in grain sizeof the film deposited at 350℃ after 650℃ annealing. The decrease in resistivity and the increasein anisotropic magnetoresistance are caused by the decrease in point defects, the increase in grainsize, and the improvement in lattice structure integrity of the films.展开更多
Two 3-D numerical models of the discrete element method （DEM） for impact problems are proposed. The models can calculate not only the impact problems of continuum and non-continuum, but also the transient process fr...Two 3-D numerical models of the discrete element method （DEM） for impact problems are proposed. The models can calculate not only the impact problems of continuum and non-continuum, but also the transient process from continuum to non-continuum. The stress wave propagation in a concrete block and a dynamic splitting process of a marble disc under impact loading are numerically simulated with the proposed models. By comparing the numerical results with the corresponding results obtained by the finite element method （FEM） and the experiments, it is proved that the models are reliable for three-dimensional impact problems.展开更多
Powder samples with nominal composition La0.6Sr0.1TexMnO3 （x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20） were prepared using the sol-gel method with thermal treatment up to 1473 K. On the basis of powder X-ray diffraction （XRD...Powder samples with nominal composition La0.6Sr0.1TexMnO3 （x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20） were prepared using the sol-gel method with thermal treatment up to 1473 K. On the basis of powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetric and magnetic measurements, it was found that almost all of the Te and a few of the Mn ions were lost from the samples when they were calcined at 1473 K. The reason for the Te loss and a quantitative phase analysis for the samples calcined at 1473 K are discussed in detail.展开更多
The perovskite manganite sample La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3 （x = 0.08, 0.12） was prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The effect of W doping on the Mn site to La0.3Ca0.7MnO3 charge ordering phase and the changing pr...The perovskite manganite sample La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3 （x = 0.08, 0.12） was prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The effect of W doping on the Mn site to La0.3Ca0.7MnO3 charge ordering phase and the changing process of magnetic properties were studied through the measurement of the M-T curve, M-H curves, and ESR curves of the sample. The results showed that when x = 0.08, the charge ordering （CO） phase exists in the system, the transition temperature Tco= 275 K, and the system exhibits PM when T 〉 275 K. The system transforms from spin-disordering paramagnetism to spin-ordering antiferromagnetism in the charge ordering state with the temperature decreasing from 275 K to 230 K. The long-range antiferromagnetism forms and AFM/CO states coexist between 230 K and 5 K. There is a little ferromagnetic component in the AFM/CO background in a low temperature range. When x = 0.12, the CO phase in the system has almost melted completely. There is a little remnant of the CO phase below 150 K. The system exhibits paramagnetism when T 〉 150 K and transforms from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism when T〈 150 K.展开更多
Light intensity distribution in the vicinity of inclusions and etched cracks in polished fused silica at wavelength scale are simulated by using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. Light intensity enhancement...Light intensity distribution in the vicinity of inclusions and etched cracks in polished fused silica at wavelength scale are simulated by using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. Light intensity enhancement factor as functions of diameter and refractive index of inclusions are investigated, more than 10 times that of incident beam is obtained in the simulation. We model the etched crack in close proximity to a real structure, which is characterized by AFM. We find that the peak light intensity of the crack is a function of its cross sectional breadth depth ratio, providing good hints for the effective processing of fused silica samples to improve the damage threshold.展开更多
ZnO-based thick film varistors have been fabricated by Y203 doping and low-temperature sintering, of which the sample with the best electrical properties has a high potential gradient value of 3159.4 V/mm. The effects...ZnO-based thick film varistors have been fabricated by Y203 doping and low-temperature sintering, of which the sample with the best electrical properties has a high potential gradient value of 3159.4 V/mm. The effects of Y2O3 doping concentration and sintering temperature on the potential gradient of the samples were systematically investigated. The results show that the sample with the best electrical properties can be obtained by doping 0.08 mol% Y2O3 and sintering at 725℃. Under these optimum preparation conditions, the leakage current and the nonlinear coefficient are found to be 36.4 gA and 13.1. The sample with the best electrical properties has a grain size of 1.290um, a single grain boundary voltage of 4.08 V, a barrier height of 0.81 eV, and a depletion layer width of 10.2 nm, which are determined by thermionic emission. Small grain size with good grain boundary characteristics is beneficial to improve the electrical properties of varistors and promote the potential gradient.展开更多
The La2Ti2O7：Pr^3＋, which emits red color luminescence upon UV light excitation, is prepared by the conventional high-temperature solid-state method and its luminescent properties are systematically investigated. X-...The La2Ti2O7：Pr^3＋, which emits red color luminescence upon UV light excitation, is prepared by the conventional high-temperature solid-state method and its luminescent properties are systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, afterglow emission spectra and long-lasting phosphorescence （LLP） decay curves are used to characterize this phosphor. After irradiation by a 290-nm UV light for 3 rain, the Pr^3＋-doped La2Ti2O7 phosphor emits intense red emitting afterglow from the ^1D2 →^ 3H4 transitions, and its afterglow can be seen with the naked eye in the dark clearly for more than 1 h after removal of the excitation source. The afterglow decay curve of the Pr^3＋-doped La2Ti2O7 phosphor contains a fast decay component and another slow decay one. The possible mechanism of this red light emitting LLP phosphor is also discussed based on the experimental results.展开更多
The structural and magnetic properties of Tb2Fe15CF2 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. Tb2Fe15Cr2 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Negative therma...The structural and magnetic properties of Tb2Fe15CF2 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. Tb2Fe15Cr2 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Negative thermal expansion was found in Tb2Fe15Cr2 compound from 372 to 452 K by X-ray dilatometry. The coefficient of the average thermal expansion is α^- =-3.14×10^-5 K^-1. The magnetostrictive deformations from 292 to 450 K were calculated. The result showed that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ms remains nearly constant with increasing temperature up to 360 K, but decreases with the further increase of temperature. The spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λc along the c axis decreases with increasing temperature. The spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation, λa, in the basal-plane increases with increasing temperature up to 360 K, but decreases with further increasing temperature.展开更多
The structure and magnetic properties of Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Neg...The structure and magnetic properties of Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Negative thermal expansion was found in Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound from 229 to 280 K by X-ray dilatometry. The coefficient of the average thermal expansion is α^- =-3.8×10^-5 K^-1. The magnetostrictive deformations from 105 to 270 K have been calculated by means of the differences between the experimental values of the lattice parameters and the corresponding values extrapolated from the paramagnetic range. The result shows that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ωs decreases from 6.2 × 10^-3 to near zero with the temperature increasing from 105 to 270 K, the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λc along the c axis is much larger than the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λa in basal-plane at the same temperature except close to 249 K.展开更多
The La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)Mn_(1- x )Cu_ x O_3 (0≤ x <6%) samples were prepared by sol-gel method. Transport properties, conductive mechanism and low-field magnetoresistance ( MR _0) were investigated. It is found that c...The La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)Mn_(1- x )Cu_ x O_3 (0≤ x <6%) samples were prepared by sol-gel method. Transport properties, conductive mechanism and low-field magnetoresistance ( MR _0) were investigated. It is found that conductive mechanism is described by Mott′s variable-range hopping and the MR _0 near the insulator-metal transition temperature ( T _p) increases from 2% to 80% with x from 0 to 4% for a low field of 0.3 T. The experiment also shows that the intergrain magnetoresistance is largely improved. The results indicate that a proper amount of Cu doping can substantially improve magnetoresistance effects.展开更多
The relationship between isothermal magnetic entropy change DELTA S andadiabatic temperature change DELTA T_(ad) was deduced according to the principles of thermodynamics.The MCE and the engineering application were d...The relationship between isothermal magnetic entropy change DELTA S andadiabatic temperature change DELTA T_(ad) was deduced according to the principles of thermodynamics.The MCE and the engineering application were discussed for Gd and several new kinds of magneticrefrigerating materials near room temperature, Gd_5Si_2Ge_2, MnFeP_(0.45)As_(0.55) and LaFe_(11.2)Co_(0.7)Si_(1.1). Isothermal entropy change is proportional to adiabatic temperature change with afactor of T/C (T is temperature, C is heat capacity). When the comparison of magnetacoloric effectis made for two different materials, we should consider isothermal entropy change as well asadiabatic temperature change.展开更多
Crystals of LiKGdF 5∶Er 3+, Tb 3+ grown by the hydrothermal synthesis technique with concentrations of 2% and 0.4% were analysed. By using site selective excitation measured at low temperature, luminescence and ex...Crystals of LiKGdF 5∶Er 3+, Tb 3+ grown by the hydrothermal synthesis technique with concentrations of 2% and 0.4% were analysed. By using site selective excitation measured at low temperature, luminescence and excitation spectra from Er 3+ and Tb 3+ ions embedded in LiKGdF 5 were clearly separated. The lifetimes of the emitting levels 4S 3/2 of Er 3+ and 5D 4 of Tb 3+ were also determined. Following the site selective spectroscopy study, the dominant energy transfer process from Tb 3+ to Er 3+ in the crystal was then investigated via transient experiments.展开更多
The structure and magnetic properties of Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements.The Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound had a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure.The...The structure and magnetic properties of Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements.The Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound had a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure.The Curie temperature of Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound was about 570 K.This value was about 60 K higher than that of the mother compound Gd2Fe17.Negative thermal expansion was found in Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound in a broad temperature range 294-572 K by X-ray dilatometry.The coefficient of the average thermal expansion was =-3.87×10-6 K-1 in 294-512 K,and-1.58×10-5 in 512-572 K.The magnetostriction deformations from 294 to 532 K were calculated by means of the differences between the experimental values of the lattice parameters and corresponding values extrapolated from the paramagnetic range.The result showed that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ωS decreased linearly from 4.73×10-3 to 0.11×10-3 with the temperature increasing from 294 to 532 K.The analysis showed that the ωS mainly came from the contribution of the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive λc along the c axis.展开更多
A lttice model for strongly interacting electrons motivated by a rank-3 tensor model provides a tool for understanding the pairing mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity.This Sachdev Ye Kitaev-like model desc...A lttice model for strongly interacting electrons motivated by a rank-3 tensor model provides a tool for understanding the pairing mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity.This Sachdev Ye Kitaev-like model describes the strange metal phase in the cuprate high temperature superconductors.Our calculation indicates that the superconducting gap ratio in this model is higher than the ratio in the BCS theory due to the coupling term and the spin operator.Under certain conditions,the ratio also agrees with the BCS theory.Our results relate to the case of strong coupling,so it may pave the way to gaining insight into the cuprate high temperature superconductors.展开更多
We present a comprehensive experimental study of terahertz （THz） wave propagation utilizing surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） on the interfaces of a thin dielectric core layer sandwiched between two corrugated met...We present a comprehensive experimental study of terahertz （THz） wave propagation utilizing surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） on the interfaces of a thin dielectric core layer sandwiched between two corrugated metallic claddings. THz wave impinges on the structured surfaces at normal incidence. Long-lasting oscillation propagation features are observed in the temporal waveform after traveling through the periodic arrays. The enhanced THz transmission can be achieved due to the coupling between incident waves to SPPs at the bottom and top interfaces. The finite element method is used to simulate the field distribution and the transmission mode in the waveguide. The hybrid waveguide with low absorption has great potential applications in THz integrated devices.展开更多
The effects of working pressure on the composition, structure and surface morphology properties of CuInSe2 （CIS） films selenized with a plasma-assisted selenization process is investigated. Higher selenium content, ...The effects of working pressure on the composition, structure and surface morphology properties of CuInSe2 （CIS） films selenized with a plasma-assisted selenization process is investigated. Higher selenium content, better crystalline quality and much more regular surface particles compared to the others are found in the CIS film with 40 Pa working pressure. A Cu（In,Ga）Se2 device fabricated with the optimized plasma-assisted selenization process is demonstrated to be better than our previous result. After discussion, the reason for these phenomena is attributed to the compromise of electron temperature and plasma density.展开更多
文摘Soft condensed-state physics is a disciplinary frontier of 20th-century physics. An interdiscipline in nature, it involves biology, chemistry and even pure mathematics. Taking the liquid crystal (LC) biomembrane as an example, this article expounds the current development trend of this new and promising branch of contemporary physics.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos.12034004 and 12174064)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)+2 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2024ZD0300104)supported by U.S.DOE BES DE-SC0012311the Robert A.Welch Foundation under Grant No.C-1839,respectively(P.D.)。
文摘One important issue in current condensed matter physics is the search of quantum spin liquid(QSL),an exotic magnetic state with strongly-fluctuating and highly-entangled spins down to zero temperature without static order.However,there is no consensus on the existence of a QSL state in any real material so far,due to inevitable disorder and intricate competing exchange interactions on frustrated spin lattices.Here we report systematic heat transport measurements on a honeycomb-lattice compound BaCo_(2)(AsO_(4))_(2),which manifests magnetic order in zero field.In a narrow in-plane field range after the magnetic order is nearly suppressed,in both perpendicular and parallel to the zigzag direction,a finite residual linear term of thermal conductivity is clearly observed,which is attributed to mobile fermionic excitations.In addition,the spin-phonon scattering rate exhibits a T-linear behavior when the order disappears.These observations suggest a partial QSL state with gapless spinon excitations in BaCo_(2)(AsO_(4))_(2),that emerges when a portion of the spins remains ordered,and vanishes as the spins become progressively polarized.
文摘Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-solid or a rigid glass.
文摘Ni_(83)Fe_(17) films with a thickness of about 100 nm were deposited onthermal oxidized silicon substrates at ambient temperature, 240, 350, and 410℃ by DC magnetronsputtering. The deposition rate was about 0.11 nm/s. The as-deposited films were annealed at 450,550, and 650℃, respectively, in a vacuum lower than 3 x 10~3 Pa for 1 h. The Ni_(83)Fe_(17) filmsmainly grow with a crystalline orientation of [111] in the direction of the film growth. With theannealing temperature increasing, the [111] orientation enhances. For films deposited at all fourdifferent temperatures, the significant improvement on anisotropic magnetoresistance occurs at theannealing temperature higher than 550℃. But for films deposited at ambient temperatures and 240 ℃,the anisotropic magnetoresistance can only rise to about 1% after 650 ℃ annealing. For filmsdeposited at 350℃ and 410℃, the anisotropic magnetoresistance rises to about 3.8% after 650℃annealing. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation shows a significant increase in grain sizeof the film deposited at 350℃ after 650℃ annealing. The decrease in resistivity and the increasein anisotropic magnetoresistance are caused by the decrease in point defects, the increase in grainsize, and the improvement in lattice structure integrity of the films.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10572002 and 10732010.
文摘Two 3-D numerical models of the discrete element method （DEM） for impact problems are proposed. The models can calculate not only the impact problems of continuum and non-continuum, but also the transient process from continuum to non-continuum. The stress wave propagation in a concrete block and a dynamic splitting process of a marble disc under impact loading are numerically simulated with the proposed models. By comparing the numerical results with the corresponding results obtained by the finite element method （FEM） and the experiments, it is proved that the models are reliable for three-dimensional impact problems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. E2011205083)the Key Item Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No.10965125D+3 种基金 No.08965108D)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.NSF-10774037No.10074013)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2007AA03Z100)
文摘Powder samples with nominal composition La0.6Sr0.1TexMnO3 （x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20） were prepared using the sol-gel method with thermal treatment up to 1473 K. On the basis of powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetric and magnetic measurements, it was found that almost all of the Te and a few of the Mn ions were lost from the samples when they were calcined at 1473 K. The reason for the Te loss and a quantitative phase analysis for the samples calcined at 1473 K are discussed in detail.
基金This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Key Project of China (No. 19934003)the National Key Fundamental Research Project of China (No. 001CB610604)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of the Education Department of Anhui Province (No. 2004KJ331)the Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province, China (No. 2005KJ234)
文摘The perovskite manganite sample La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3 （x = 0.08, 0.12） was prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The effect of W doping on the Mn site to La0.3Ca0.7MnO3 charge ordering phase and the changing process of magnetic properties were studied through the measurement of the M-T curve, M-H curves, and ESR curves of the sample. The results showed that when x = 0.08, the charge ordering （CO） phase exists in the system, the transition temperature Tco= 275 K, and the system exhibits PM when T 〉 275 K. The system transforms from spin-disordering paramagnetism to spin-ordering antiferromagnetism in the charge ordering state with the temperature decreasing from 275 K to 230 K. The long-range antiferromagnetism forms and AFM/CO states coexist between 230 K and 5 K. There is a little ferromagnetic component in the AFM/CO background in a low temperature range. When x = 0.12, the CO phase in the system has almost melted completely. There is a little remnant of the CO phase below 150 K. The system exhibits paramagnetism when T 〉 150 K and transforms from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism when T〈 150 K.
文摘Light intensity distribution in the vicinity of inclusions and etched cracks in polished fused silica at wavelength scale are simulated by using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. Light intensity enhancement factor as functions of diameter and refractive index of inclusions are investigated, more than 10 times that of incident beam is obtained in the simulation. We model the etched crack in close proximity to a real structure, which is characterized by AFM. We find that the peak light intensity of the crack is a function of its cross sectional breadth depth ratio, providing good hints for the effective processing of fused silica samples to improve the damage threshold.
基金supported by the Nano Special Plan from Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Plan of Commission (No 0852nm06000)the Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No 08ZR1406700)
文摘ZnO-based thick film varistors have been fabricated by Y203 doping and low-temperature sintering, of which the sample with the best electrical properties has a high potential gradient value of 3159.4 V/mm. The effects of Y2O3 doping concentration and sintering temperature on the potential gradient of the samples were systematically investigated. The results show that the sample with the best electrical properties can be obtained by doping 0.08 mol% Y2O3 and sintering at 725℃. Under these optimum preparation conditions, the leakage current and the nonlinear coefficient are found to be 36.4 gA and 13.1. The sample with the best electrical properties has a grain size of 1.290um, a single grain boundary voltage of 4.08 V, a barrier height of 0.81 eV, and a depletion layer width of 10.2 nm, which are determined by thermionic emission. Small grain size with good grain boundary characteristics is beneficial to improve the electrical properties of varistors and promote the potential gradient.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant No 50872130.
文摘The La2Ti2O7：Pr^3＋, which emits red color luminescence upon UV light excitation, is prepared by the conventional high-temperature solid-state method and its luminescent properties are systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, afterglow emission spectra and long-lasting phosphorescence （LLP） decay curves are used to characterize this phosphor. After irradiation by a 290-nm UV light for 3 rain, the Pr^3＋-doped La2Ti2O7 phosphor emits intense red emitting afterglow from the ^1D2 →^ 3H4 transitions, and its afterglow can be seen with the naked eye in the dark clearly for more than 1 h after removal of the excitation source. The afterglow decay curve of the Pr^3＋-doped La2Ti2O7 phosphor contains a fast decay component and another slow decay one. The possible mechanism of this red light emitting LLP phosphor is also discussed based on the experimental results.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50271022), the Excellent Young Teachers Program of MOE, China (No.1999), and the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of China (No.043602011)
文摘The structural and magnetic properties of Tb2Fe15CF2 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. Tb2Fe15Cr2 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Negative thermal expansion was found in Tb2Fe15Cr2 compound from 372 to 452 K by X-ray dilatometry. The coefficient of the average thermal expansion is α^- =-3.14×10^-5 K^-1. The magnetostrictive deformations from 292 to 450 K were calculated. The result showed that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ms remains nearly constant with increasing temperature up to 360 K, but decreases with the further increase of temperature. The spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λc along the c axis decreases with increasing temperature. The spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation, λa, in the basal-plane increases with increasing temperature up to 360 K, but decreases with further increasing temperature.
基金This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50271022)the Excellent Yong Teachers Program ofMOE of China (No. 1999), and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (No. 043602011).]
文摘The structure and magnetic properties of Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. Negative thermal expansion was found in Dy2AlFe12Mn4 compound from 229 to 280 K by X-ray dilatometry. The coefficient of the average thermal expansion is α^- =-3.8×10^-5 K^-1. The magnetostrictive deformations from 105 to 270 K have been calculated by means of the differences between the experimental values of the lattice parameters and the corresponding values extrapolated from the paramagnetic range. The result shows that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ωs decreases from 6.2 × 10^-3 to near zero with the temperature increasing from 105 to 270 K, the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λc along the c axis is much larger than the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive deformation λa in basal-plane at the same temperature except close to 249 K.
文摘The La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)Mn_(1- x )Cu_ x O_3 (0≤ x <6%) samples were prepared by sol-gel method. Transport properties, conductive mechanism and low-field magnetoresistance ( MR _0) were investigated. It is found that conductive mechanism is described by Mott′s variable-range hopping and the MR _0 near the insulator-metal transition temperature ( T _p) increases from 2% to 80% with x from 0 to 4% for a low field of 0.3 T. The experiment also shows that the intergrain magnetoresistance is largely improved. The results indicate that a proper amount of Cu doping can substantially improve magnetoresistance effects.
基金Project supported by the National Major Fundamental Research Program of China (2007CB925001)National Key Fundamental Research Development Planning Program of China (001CB610604)Natural Science Research Program of Education Department of Anhui Province (2006KJ266B, ZD2007003-1)
文摘The relationship between isothermal magnetic entropy change DELTA S andadiabatic temperature change DELTA T_(ad) was deduced according to the principles of thermodynamics.The MCE and the engineering application were discussed for Gd and several new kinds of magneticrefrigerating materials near room temperature, Gd_5Si_2Ge_2, MnFeP_(0.45)As_(0.55) and LaFe_(11.2)Co_(0.7)Si_(1.1). Isothermal entropy change is proportional to adiabatic temperature change with afactor of T/C (T is temperature, C is heat capacity). When the comparison of magnetacoloric effectis made for two different materials, we should consider isothermal entropy change as well asadiabatic temperature change.
文摘Crystals of LiKGdF 5∶Er 3+, Tb 3+ grown by the hydrothermal synthesis technique with concentrations of 2% and 0.4% were analysed. By using site selective excitation measured at low temperature, luminescence and excitation spectra from Er 3+ and Tb 3+ ions embedded in LiKGdF 5 were clearly separated. The lifetimes of the emitting levels 4S 3/2 of Er 3+ and 5D 4 of Tb 3+ were also determined. Following the site selective spectroscopy study, the dominant energy transfer process from Tb 3+ to Er 3+ in the crystal was then investigated via transient experiments.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50871074,50971056)the Research Fund of Tianjin Education Committee (20090303)
文摘The structure and magnetic properties of Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements.The Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound had a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure.The Curie temperature of Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound was about 570 K.This value was about 60 K higher than that of the mother compound Gd2Fe17.Negative thermal expansion was found in Gd2Fe15.5Cr1.5 compound in a broad temperature range 294-572 K by X-ray dilatometry.The coefficient of the average thermal expansion was =-3.87×10-6 K-1 in 294-512 K,and-1.58×10-5 in 512-572 K.The magnetostriction deformations from 294 to 532 K were calculated by means of the differences between the experimental values of the lattice parameters and corresponding values extrapolated from the paramagnetic range.The result showed that the spontaneous volume magnetostrictive deformation ωS decreased linearly from 4.73×10-3 to 0.11×10-3 with the temperature increasing from 294 to 532 K.The analysis showed that the ωS mainly came from the contribution of the spontaneous linear magnetostrictive λc along the c axis.
基金The study was partially supported by NSFC China(Grant No.11805117 and Grant No.11875184).
文摘A lttice model for strongly interacting electrons motivated by a rank-3 tensor model provides a tool for understanding the pairing mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity.This Sachdev Ye Kitaev-like model describes the strange metal phase in the cuprate high temperature superconductors.Our calculation indicates that the superconducting gap ratio in this model is higher than the ratio in the BCS theory due to the coupling term and the spin operator.Under certain conditions,the ratio also agrees with the BCS theory.Our results relate to the case of strong coupling,so it may pave the way to gaining insight into the cuprate high temperature superconductors.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB310407, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60721001, the International S＆T Cooperation Program of China under Grant Nos 2006DFA53410 and 2007DFR10250. The authors would like to thank Dr. Fan Wen hui and Xue Bing for their valuable discussions and helpful comments.
文摘We present a comprehensive experimental study of terahertz （THz） wave propagation utilizing surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） on the interfaces of a thin dielectric core layer sandwiched between two corrugated metallic claddings. THz wave impinges on the structured surfaces at normal incidence. Long-lasting oscillation propagation features are observed in the temporal waveform after traveling through the periodic arrays. The enhanced THz transmission can be achieved due to the coupling between incident waves to SPPs at the bottom and top interfaces. The finite element method is used to simulate the field distribution and the transmission mode in the waveguide. The hybrid waveguide with low absorption has great potential applications in THz integrated devices.
基金Supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2004AA513020, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60906033, and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （00800551008）
文摘The effects of working pressure on the composition, structure and surface morphology properties of CuInSe2 （CIS） films selenized with a plasma-assisted selenization process is investigated. Higher selenium content, better crystalline quality and much more regular surface particles compared to the others are found in the CIS film with 40 Pa working pressure. A Cu（In,Ga）Se2 device fabricated with the optimized plasma-assisted selenization process is demonstrated to be better than our previous result. After discussion, the reason for these phenomena is attributed to the compromise of electron temperature and plasma density.
