This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirem...This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirement of network bandwidth so as to improve the cooperative ability and the synchronization efficiency. Firstly, real-time collaborative design is reviewed and three kinds of real-time collaborative design models are discussed. Secondly, the concept of operation semantics is defined and the framework of an operation semantics model is presented. The operation semantics carries the original design data and actual operation process to express design intent and operation activity in conventional CAD systems. Finally, according to the operation semantics model, a CAD operation primitive is defined which can be retrieved from and mapped to the local CAD system operation commands; a distributed CAD collaborative architecture based on the model is presented, and an example is given to verify the model.展开更多
The application of technology in language classrooms has recently become commonplace. However, a very important set of variables, such as the teacher＇s attitudes toward the effective uses of computers in the classroo...The application of technology in language classrooms has recently become commonplace. However, a very important set of variables, such as the teacher＇s attitudes toward the effective uses of computers in the classroom and SA （self-assessment）--on the part of the students--have been overlooked in EFL （English as a foreign language） classrooms. The goals of this study are defining teacher beliefs, discussing the relationship between teachers＇ beliefs about the application of SA and integration of computer technology, reviewing teachers＇ beliefs and computer knowledge, elaborating teachers＇ beliefs and computer technology training. To this end, a total number of 68 EFL teachers participated in this study. Participants of the experimental group included the teachers who had already been trained how to use and apply computer in their teaching, and the participants of the experimental group included the teachers who were teaching in traditional learning and teaching environments with the least access to and employ of computer. Comparing the participants in the experimental and control groups＇ attitude questionnaire showed that Iranian EFL teachers＇ positive attitudes toward SA will improve if they are engaged in computer supported learning and teaching environments展开更多
The U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)published the Community Resilience Planning Guide in 2016.The NIST Guide advocates for a participatory process for developing a performance measurement frame...The U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)published the Community Resilience Planning Guide in 2016.The NIST Guide advocates for a participatory process for developing a performance measurement framework for the jurisdiction’s resilience against a scenario hazard.The framework centers around tables of expected and desired recovery times for selected community assets,such as electricity,water,and natural gas infrastructures.The NIST Guide does not provide a method for estimating the expected recovery times.However,building high-fidelity computer models for such estimations requires substantial resources that even larger ju-risdictions cannot cost-justify.The most promising approach to recovery time estimation is to systematically use data elicited from people to tap into the wisdom of the(knowledgeable)crowd.This paper describes a novel research-through-design project to enable the computer-supported elicitation of recovery time series data.This work is the first in the literature to examine people’s ability to estimate recovery curves and how design in-fluences such estimations.Its main contribution to resilience planning is three-fold:development of a new elicitation tool called Restimate,understanding its potential user base,and providing insights into how it can facilitate resilience planning.Restimate is the first tool to enable evidence-based expert elicitation in any community with limited resources for resilience planning.Beyond resilience planning,those who facilitate high-stakes planning activities under large uncertainties(e.g.,mission-critical system design and planning)will benefit from a similar research-through-design process.展开更多
Virtual simulation technology has become one of the most popular technologies in the field of engineering education after the multimedia information technology in recent years.This paper,based on the comprehensive int...Virtual simulation technology has become one of the most popular technologies in the field of engineering education after the multimedia information technology in recent years.This paper,based on the comprehensive integrated simulation and verification module of UG NX software,describes and discusses a novel virtual simulation system teaching(VSST)for numerically controlled machining to support the student engineering training to achieve the theoretical knowledge and practical techniques in numerically controlled machining.The findings of a study designed to evaluate the impact of VSST for the development of numerically controlled machining course are presented here.In addition,analysis of the follow-up surveys indicates that the VSST method enables to provide the concrete experience of interaction between the students and the simulation environment and to further stimulate students’interest in learning,so that the students who used VSST achieve significantly higher results than their co-workers.展开更多
Our daily life leaves an increasing amount of digital traces,footprints that are improving our lives.Data-mining tools,like recommender systems,convert these traces to information for aiding decisions in an ever-incre...Our daily life leaves an increasing amount of digital traces,footprints that are improving our lives.Data-mining tools,like recommender systems,convert these traces to information for aiding decisions in an ever-increasing number of areas in our lives.The feedback loop from what we do,to the information this produces,to decisions what to do next,will likely be an increasingly important factor in human behavior on all levels from individuals to societies.In this essay,we review some effects of this feedback and discuss how to understand and exploit them beyond mapping them on more well-understood phenomena.We take examples from models of spreading phenomena in social media to argue that analogies can be deceptive,instead we need to fresh approaches to the new types of data,something we exemplify with promising applications in medicine.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirement of network bandwidth so as to improve the cooperative ability and the synchronization efficiency. Firstly, real-time collaborative design is reviewed and three kinds of real-time collaborative design models are discussed. Secondly, the concept of operation semantics is defined and the framework of an operation semantics model is presented. The operation semantics carries the original design data and actual operation process to express design intent and operation activity in conventional CAD systems. Finally, according to the operation semantics model, a CAD operation primitive is defined which can be retrieved from and mapped to the local CAD system operation commands; a distributed CAD collaborative architecture based on the model is presented, and an example is given to verify the model.
文摘The application of technology in language classrooms has recently become commonplace. However, a very important set of variables, such as the teacher＇s attitudes toward the effective uses of computers in the classroom and SA （self-assessment）--on the part of the students--have been overlooked in EFL （English as a foreign language） classrooms. The goals of this study are defining teacher beliefs, discussing the relationship between teachers＇ beliefs about the application of SA and integration of computer technology, reviewing teachers＇ beliefs and computer knowledge, elaborating teachers＇ beliefs and computer technology training. To this end, a total number of 68 EFL teachers participated in this study. Participants of the experimental group included the teachers who had already been trained how to use and apply computer in their teaching, and the participants of the experimental group included the teachers who were teaching in traditional learning and teaching environments with the least access to and employ of computer. Comparing the participants in the experimental and control groups＇ attitude questionnaire showed that Iranian EFL teachers＇ positive attitudes toward SA will improve if they are engaged in computer supported learning and teaching environments
基金support of the U.S.National Science Foundation(NSF grants CMMI-1824681,BCS-2121616,&CMMI-2211077)。
文摘The U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)published the Community Resilience Planning Guide in 2016.The NIST Guide advocates for a participatory process for developing a performance measurement framework for the jurisdiction’s resilience against a scenario hazard.The framework centers around tables of expected and desired recovery times for selected community assets,such as electricity,water,and natural gas infrastructures.The NIST Guide does not provide a method for estimating the expected recovery times.However,building high-fidelity computer models for such estimations requires substantial resources that even larger ju-risdictions cannot cost-justify.The most promising approach to recovery time estimation is to systematically use data elicited from people to tap into the wisdom of the(knowledgeable)crowd.This paper describes a novel research-through-design project to enable the computer-supported elicitation of recovery time series data.This work is the first in the literature to examine people’s ability to estimate recovery curves and how design in-fluences such estimations.Its main contribution to resilience planning is three-fold:development of a new elicitation tool called Restimate,understanding its potential user base,and providing insights into how it can facilitate resilience planning.Restimate is the first tool to enable evidence-based expert elicitation in any community with limited resources for resilience planning.Beyond resilience planning,those who facilitate high-stakes planning activities under large uncertainties(e.g.,mission-critical system design and planning)will benefit from a similar research-through-design process.
基金the support from Zhejiang Education Science Planning Project(Grant No.2015SCG356)Zhejiang Public Project of Science and Technology Department(Grant No.2016C31044)Zhejiang Province Soft Science Research Project(Grant No.2016C35040).
文摘Virtual simulation technology has become one of the most popular technologies in the field of engineering education after the multimedia information technology in recent years.This paper,based on the comprehensive integrated simulation and verification module of UG NX software,describes and discusses a novel virtual simulation system teaching(VSST)for numerically controlled machining to support the student engineering training to achieve the theoretical knowledge and practical techniques in numerically controlled machining.The findings of a study designed to evaluate the impact of VSST for the development of numerically controlled machining course are presented here.In addition,analysis of the follow-up surveys indicates that the VSST method enables to provide the concrete experience of interaction between the students and the simulation environment and to further stimulate students’interest in learning,so that the students who used VSST achieve significantly higher results than their co-workers.
基金supported by the Swedish Research Foundation and the WCU Program through NRF Korea funded by MEST under Grant No.R31-2008-10029
文摘Our daily life leaves an increasing amount of digital traces,footprints that are improving our lives.Data-mining tools,like recommender systems,convert these traces to information for aiding decisions in an ever-increasing number of areas in our lives.The feedback loop from what we do,to the information this produces,to decisions what to do next,will likely be an increasingly important factor in human behavior on all levels from individuals to societies.In this essay,we review some effects of this feedback and discuss how to understand and exploit them beyond mapping them on more well-understood phenomena.We take examples from models of spreading phenomena in social media to argue that analogies can be deceptive,instead we need to fresh approaches to the new types of data,something we exemplify with promising applications in medicine.
