[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Meth...[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.展开更多
The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt ...The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt a single-system architecture,with research focusing primarily on accelerating solution algorithms through techniques such as high-efficiency parallel solvers and staggered decomposition of mixed-integer programming models.Notably absent are systematic studies evaluating the adaptability of primary-backup clearing systems incontingency scenarios—a critical gap given redundant systems’expanding applications in operational environments.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework for analyzing dual-system adaptability,demonstrated through an in-depth case study of the Inner Mongolia power market.First,we establish the innovative“Dual-Active Heterogeneous”architecture that enables independent parallelized operation and fault-isolated redundancy.Subsequently,key performance indices are quantitatively evaluated across four critical dimensions:unit commitment decisions,generator output constraints,transmission section congestion patterns,and clearing price formation mechanisms.An integrated fuzzy evaluation methodology incorporating grey relational analysis is employed for objective indicator weighting,enabling systematic quantification of system superiority under specific grid operating states.Empirical results based on actual operational data from 200 generation units demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in guiding optimal system selection,with particularly strong performance observed during peak load periods.The proposed approach shows high generalization potential for other regional markets employing redundant clearing mechanisms—particularly those with increasing renewable penetration and associated uncertainty.展开更多
Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characte...Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characteristics of C.gigas from different sources(ploidy,region,size,and culture mode),C.gigas from various ploidy(diploid and triploid),regions(Rushan,Off-site fattening,and Rongcheng),sizes(small,medium,and large)and culture modes(nearshore and offshore)were selected for comparative analyses.The nutritional components(moisture,protein,fat,and mineral),flavor substances(taste amino acids,nucleotides,and succinic acid),and functional indices(eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and taurine)of C.gigas were determined.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the oysters and investigate the variations in nutritional quality.The PCA results indicate that protein,essential fatty acids,selenium,zinc,taste amino acids,taurine,EPA,and DHA were core components contributing to 82.25%of the cumulative variance,providing a more comprehensive reflection of the nutrient composition of C.gigas.The extensive quality rankings for the C.gigas were as follows:diploid>triploid,Rushan>fattening>Rongcheng,medium>large>small,and offshore>nearshore.The score rank revealed that diploid oysters of medium-size from Rushan demonstrated superior nutritional quality compared to other tested samples.This is the first comprehensive and systematic investigation of C.gigas in northern China to reveal the feature of nutrients,flavor,and functional components.The study provided data support for the culture,consumption,processing,research,and nutritional quality improvement of oyster industry.展开更多
Pull-ups are a very common fitness exercise that can be seen in many gyms.For athletes,it is very important to perform pull-ups correctly and scientifically.The pull-up scoring method designed in this paper can score ...Pull-ups are a very common fitness exercise that can be seen in many gyms.For athletes,it is very important to perform pull-ups correctly and scientifically.The pull-up scoring method designed in this paper can score the quality of pull-up movement scientifically and objectively,and provide guidance to help athletes better complete the pull-up movement.In this method,the OpenPose algorithm is used to identify the coordinates of skeleton points,and then the coordinate data are processed by a Kalman filter to obtain coordinates closer to the true values.Finally,the filtered data are input into the scoring algorithm designed based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm,and the results of the pull-up quality score and the corresponding guidance are obtained.展开更多
Slope is the carrier of geological disasters. Local slope deformation and destruction are the beginning of the formation of collapse, landslide and debris flow. For the evaluation of slope stability, it is the purpose...Slope is the carrier of geological disasters. Local slope deformation and destruction are the beginning of the formation of collapse, landslide and debris flow. For the evaluation of slope stability, it is the purpose of this evaluation to distinguish unstable, unstable, basically stable and stable slopes in the town area of Taoyuan Township. Combined with field ground investigation and remote sensing images, the data of soil thickness, stratum lithology, terrain slope, slope structure type, regional rainfall, geological structure, human activities and slope height of each slope are collected, and the slope stability evaluation is carried out for rocky slopes and soil slopes. The expert consultation method is used to assign weight and grade assignment to each factor, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the stability of 95 natural slopes divided by Taoyuan Township. Based on the evaluation results, the slope stability zoning map of the study area is drawn, and the regional slope stability distribution law is summarized. The evaluation results can provide basic information for local geological disaster management, urban planning, road planning, etc.展开更多
This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standar...This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.展开更多
RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performa...RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performances of existingtop RNA secondary structure prediction methods, including five deep-learning (DL) based methods and five minimum freeenergy (MFE) based methods. First, we made a brief overview of these RNA secondary structure prediction methods.Afterwards, we built two rigorous test datasets consisting of RNAs with non-redundant sequences and comprehensivelyexamined the performances of the RNA secondary structure prediction methods through classifying the RNAs into differentlength ranges and different types. Our examination shows that the DL-based methods generally perform better thanthe MFE-based methods for RNAs with long lengths and complex structures, while the MFE-based methods can achievegood performance for small RNAs and some specialized MFE-based methods can achieve good prediction accuracy forpseudoknots. Finally, we provided some insights and perspectives in modeling RNA secondary structures.展开更多
Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being th...Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being the most prevalent.In this study,the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to assess the comprehensive value of 22 species of street trees applied along the main urban roads in Hefei City.Fourteen evaluation criteria were selected from four categories:morphological indices,functional indices,resistance indices,and management indices,to develop a comprehensive evaluation model.Based on a composite score derived from 22 street trees,these trees were classified into three distinct grades.Grade I(L≥3.0)exhibited a high comprehensive application value in Hefei City and included 6 tree species,such asPlatanus.Grade II(2.5≤L<3.0)also demonstrated a high comprehensive application value,comprising 15 tree species,includingCatalpabungei.In contrast,grade III(L<2.5)indicated a general comprehensive application value,represented by a single species,Cedrusdeodara.The evaluation results can offer theoretical insights for the selection of urban street trees.展开更多
To investigate the characteristics of water environmental pollution in the Nenjiang River Basin,five monitoring sections,including Zhenxi,Xianghai Reservoir,Baishatan,Yuelianghu Reservoir,and Da an,were selected.Utili...To investigate the characteristics of water environmental pollution in the Nenjiang River Basin,five monitoring sections,including Zhenxi,Xianghai Reservoir,Baishatan,Yuelianghu Reservoir,and Da an,were selected.Utilizing water quality monitoring data collected from 2013 to 2022,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal variation patterns of water quality,assess the current pollution status,and identify the influencing factors of non-point source pollution.The results indicated that the concentrations of representative pollutants at five sections in the lower reaches of the Nenjiang River generally exhibited a downward trend,accompanied by an overall improvement in water quality.However,the degree of improvement varied considerably among the different sections.Specifically,the water quality of the main stream of the Nenjiang River(Baishatan and Da an)improved from Class IV to Class III.In contrast,the Xianghai Reservoir consistently remained at Class V or below,primarily due to excessive fluoride levels.The water quality at Yuelianghu Reservoir and Heidimiao Section demonstrated a fluctuating but overall improving trend.Based on the analysis of pollution sources,targeted recommendations are proposed,including regulating the ecological water requirements of rivers,restoring wetland ecosystems,and enhancing the management of non-point source pollution.These measures offer scientific support for water quality management and ecological conservation in the river basins.展开更多
Comprehensive evaluation based on mineral element content is one of the effective methods for the exploration and utilization of wild tulip germplasm resources.In this study,Tulipa iliensis,Tulipa tianschanica and Tul...Comprehensive evaluation based on mineral element content is one of the effective methods for the exploration and utilization of wild tulip germplasm resources.In this study,Tulipa iliensis,Tulipa tianschanica and Tulipa heterophylla distributed in China were used as the research objects.The contents of 10mineral elements(N,K,P,S,Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn)in roots,bulbs and leaves were determined,and the three wild tulips were comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed distinct variations in mineral element content among different organs of T.iliensis,T.tianschanica and T.heterophylla,with T.heterophylla exhibiting significantly higher mineral content across all organs compared to the other two wild tulips.Correlation analysis revealed significant(p<0.05)inter-element relationships in T.iliensis,T.tianschanica and T.heterophylla,with positive correlations between N and P,Ca and Zn in roots,P and Mg,P and Cu,Mg and Cu in bulbs,K and Mg,K and Fe,Zn and Mn,Mg and Fe in leaves,alongside a negative S and Fe correlation in leaves.The comprehensive evaluation identified N,S,Ca,and Zn as representative elements for assessing the three wild tulips,with their abundance ranking as follows:T.heterophylla>T.iliensis>T.tianschanica.The results of cluster analysis showed that T.heterophylla was clustered into one category in the roots because of the rich content of mineral elements.T.iliensis and T.tianschanica were clustered into one category in the bulbs because the accumulation of S element was higher than T.heterophylla.T.iliensis and T.heterophylla were clustered into one category in the leaves because of the rich content of mineral elements.The distribution of diverse mineral elements enables wild tulip germplasm resources to adapt to varied natural habitats,playing a decisive role in their response to specific environmental stresses.Studying mineral elements is an important way to gain an in-depth understanding of tulip germplasm resources.The results are of practical significance for conserving wild tulip resources and achieving sustainable utilization.展开更多
The glacial lake in the Boqu Basin in Tibetan Plateau has changed significantly in recent years due to global warming,seriously affecting the natural and social environments in downstream areas.We obtained the change ...The glacial lake in the Boqu Basin in Tibetan Plateau has changed significantly in recent years due to global warming,seriously affecting the natural and social environments in downstream areas.We obtained the change characteristics of glacial lakes by analyzing remote sensing images and evaluated the outburst floods susceptibility of glacial lakes in the Boqu Basin by combining fuzzy mathematics and random forest methods.An empirical formula for glacial lake hazard evaluation was established based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The confusion matrix were used to assess the evaluation effect of each method.The conclusions were as follows:(1)Under the influence of climate warming,glaciers are retreating further from the glacial lakes,and the size of glaciers that can impact these lakes is shrinking.Geological conditions,such as steep slopes around the lakes,have replaced glacier tongues as the primary factors threatening the susceptibility of the glacial lakes;(2)Among the three evaluation methods,the empirical formula offers high calculation accuracy and is the most convenient to use,which provides an accuracy rate of 85.71%in susceptibility evaluation of the Boqu Basin glacial lake and can be applied to other areas in the rapid evaluation of the susceptibility of glacial lakes;(3)The impact analysis of the collapse shows that the collapse of the Galongco fault would cause large economic losses.展开更多
To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the br...To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the brainstorming method and the Delphi method to identify risks in engineering projects,and organized the identified risks in the form of checklists to facilitate further analysis.Secondly,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory was introduced to determine the comparison matrix of each risk factor and its weight.Furthermore,the top five risk factors in terms of weight ranking were taken as the evaluation factors for the selection of risk control plans.The plans were scored through the weighted scoring method,and the optimal risk control plan was determined based on the score.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed selection technology was verified through A research example of the risk control plan assessment for the construction project of Enterprise A.展开更多
The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visu...The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visual integrity and aesthetic value of the core area’s landscape.Given the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,particularly the growing number of high-speed railways traversing ecologically sensitive regions,the scientific assessment of their impact on the landscape environment of heritage sites has emerged as a pivotal concern in heritage conservation and regional development.This study focused on the section of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway that traverses the buffer zone of the Libo World Natural Heritage Site in Guizhou Province.Beginning with five primary indicators,including natural landscape and aesthetic value,geological geomorphology and Earth history value,biodiversity value,integrity and protection management,and impact on ecological environment,a visual landscape impact assessment system for high-speed railways was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method(FCE).Through expert scoring,hierarchical weight calculation,and fuzzy membership degree analysis,a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the landscape ecological quality,visual coordination,and aesthetic perception within the buffer zone following the construction of high-speed railways.The findings indicate that the construction of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway generally harmonizes well with the landscape environment of the heritage site.The level of visual disturbance remains within an acceptable range and has not significantly damaged the overall aesthetic value or authenticity of the heritage site.Although the integrity of the landscape in certain local areas has experienced a slight decline due to the exposure of bridge and slope structures,the adverse effects have been effectively mitigated through engineering interventions such as vegetation restoration and color coordination.This study innovatively integrates the AHP with fuzzy mathematics methods to achieve a comprehensive evaluation that combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches.This integration provides a scientifically grounded analytical path and a practical technical framework for assessing the visual impact of linear infrastructure projects,such as high-speed railways,within the buffer zones of World Heritage Sites.The findings offer valuable insights for the protection of landscapes and the sustainable development of infrastructure in heritage sites.展开更多
Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digit...Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digital engineering.Due to their highly integrated nature,aeroengines present challenges in performance evaluation because their test-run data are high-dimensional,large-scale,and exhibit strong nonlinear correlations among test indicators.To solve this problem,this study proposes a unified framework of the comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines to assess performance objectively and globally.Specifically,the network model and the dynamics model of aeroengine performance are constructed driven by test-run data,which can explain the patterns of system state changes and the internal relationship,and depict the system accurately.Based on that,three perturbations in the model are used to simulate three fault modes of aeroengines.Moreover,the comprehensive performance evaluation indexes of aeroengines are proposed to evaluate the performance dynamically from two dimensions,the coupling performance and the activity performance.Thirteen test-run qualified and four test-run failed aeroengines are used to validate and establish the qualified ranges.The results demonstrate that the comprehensive evaluation indexes can distinguish test-run qualified and test-run failed aeroengines.By changing the dynamic parameters,the comprehensive performance under any thrust and inlet guide vanes(IGV)angle can be estimated,broadening the test-run scenarios beyond a few typical states.This novel approach offers significant advancements for the comprehensive performance evaluation and management of aeroengines,paving the way for future PHM and aeroengine digital engineering developments.展开更多
This paper introduces a novel ensemble Deep learning(DL)-based Multi-Label Retinal Disease Classification(MLRDC)system,known for its high accuracy and efficiency.Utilising a stacking ensemble approach,and integrating ...This paper introduces a novel ensemble Deep learning(DL)-based Multi-Label Retinal Disease Classification(MLRDC)system,known for its high accuracy and efficiency.Utilising a stacking ensemble approach,and integrating DenseNet201,EfficientNetB4,EfficientNetB3 and EfficientNetV2S models,exceptional performance in retinal disease classification is achieved.The proposed MLRDC model,leveraging DL as the meta-model,outperforms individual base detectors,with DenseNet201 and EfficientNetV2S achieving an accuracy of 96.5%,precision of 98.6%,recall of 97.1%,and F1 score of 97.8%.Weighted multilabel classifiers in the ensemble exhibit an average accuracy of 90.6%,precision of 98.3%,recall of 91.2%,and F1 score of 94.6%,whereas unweighted models achieve an average accuracy of 90%,precision of 98.6%,recall of 93.1%,and F1 score of 95.7%.Employing Logistic Regression(LR)as the meta-model,the proposed MLRDC system achieves an accuracy of 93.5%,precision of 98.2%,recall of 93.9%,and F1 score of 96%,with a minimal loss of 0.029.These results highlight the superiority of the proposed model over benchmark state-of-the-art ensembles,emphasising its practical applicability in medical image classification.展开更多
Flexible interconnection devices(FIDs)significantly enhance the regulation and management of complex power flows in distribution networks.Voltage source converter(VSC)-based FIDs,in particular,are pivotal for increasi...Flexible interconnection devices(FIDs)significantly enhance the regulation and management of complex power flows in distribution networks.Voltage source converter(VSC)-based FIDs,in particular,are pivotal for increasing system reliability and operational efficiency.These devices are crucial in supporting the extensive incorporation of electric vehicles(EVs)and renewable energy sources(RESs)into new,load-centric environments.This study evaluates four unique FID-based configurations for distribution network interconnections,revealing their distinctive features.We developed a comprehensive evaluation framework and tool by integrating the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE),which includes five key performance indicators to assess these configurations.The study identifies the optimal application scenarios for each configuration and discusses their roles in enabling the seamless integration of EVs and RESs.The findings provide essential insights and guidelines for the design and implementation of adaptable,interconnected distribution networks that are equipped to meet the growing demands of future urban environments.展开更多
Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir ...Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir contains great heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is very difficult. Through many years of research and exploration, we have established a suite of comprehensive evaluation technology for carbonate karst reservoir using geophysical characteristics and a geological concept model, including a technique for reconstructing the paleogeomorphology of buried hills based on a sequence framework, seismic description of the karst reservoir, and strain variant analysis for fracture estimation. The evaluation technology has been successfully applied in the Tabei and Tazhong areas, and commercial production of oil and gas has been achieved. We show the application of this technology in the Lunguxi area in North Tarim in this paper.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of ...[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to evaluate the environmental effects coming from land changes in Hotan oasis during 1980-2010. [Method] Based on the Driving Force-State-Response model, expert weight method and entropy m...[Objective] This study aimed to evaluate the environmental effects coming from land changes in Hotan oasis during 1980-2010. [Method] Based on the Driving Force-State-Response model, expert weight method and entropy method were used to determine weight, and then the composite indexes of environmental effects （CIE for short） were calculated. [Result] During the period from 1980 to 2010, CIE had presented a rising trend whether expert weight method or entropy method in the study area, while the CIE presents downtrend basically in lower reaches. [Conclu- sion] It was the arable land expansion in middle reaches that led to serious land degradation in lower reaches, and may endanger ecosystem safety in Hotan River green corridor. Therefore, it is suggested that the agricultural land use should be restructured, such as reducing the sown areas of some crops with large amount of water consumption. Meanwhile, the effective measures should be taken to distribute water resources and utilize them reasonably. In addition, the oasis-desert ecotone, as well as the groundwater resources, should be also protected.展开更多
According to basic connotation and design principles of ecocity, a comparatively integrated index system is constructed in the paper. And at the same time using hierarchy grey comprehensive evaluation method, a hierar...According to basic connotation and design principles of ecocity, a comparatively integrated index system is constructed in the paper. And at the same time using hierarchy grey comprehensive evaluation method, a hierarchy grey comprehensive evaluation model of ecocity is established, then on the basis of the model, a comprehensive evaluation support system is developed, and the theoretical guidance supplied for construction of ecocity is provided.展开更多
基金Supported by the Major Project of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology of Tianjin (the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin) (09JCZDJC19200),China~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.
基金supported by NARI Relays Electric Co.,Ltd.under the Project“Research on Evaluation of Clearing Results and Switching Criteria for Primary-Backup Systems in Electricity SpotMarkets”(Project No.CGSQ240800443).
文摘The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt a single-system architecture,with research focusing primarily on accelerating solution algorithms through techniques such as high-efficiency parallel solvers and staggered decomposition of mixed-integer programming models.Notably absent are systematic studies evaluating the adaptability of primary-backup clearing systems incontingency scenarios—a critical gap given redundant systems’expanding applications in operational environments.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework for analyzing dual-system adaptability,demonstrated through an in-depth case study of the Inner Mongolia power market.First,we establish the innovative“Dual-Active Heterogeneous”architecture that enables independent parallelized operation and fault-isolated redundancy.Subsequently,key performance indices are quantitatively evaluated across four critical dimensions:unit commitment decisions,generator output constraints,transmission section congestion patterns,and clearing price formation mechanisms.An integrated fuzzy evaluation methodology incorporating grey relational analysis is employed for objective indicator weighting,enabling systematic quantification of system superiority under specific grid operating states.Empirical results based on actual operational data from 200 generation units demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in guiding optimal system selection,with particularly strong performance observed during peak load periods.The proposed approach shows high generalization potential for other regional markets employing redundant clearing mechanisms—particularly those with increasing renewable penetration and associated uncertainty.
基金Supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,YSFRI,CAFS(No.20603022024016)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(Nos.2023TD52,2023TD76)the earmarked fund for CARS(No.CARS-49)。
文摘Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characteristics of C.gigas from different sources(ploidy,region,size,and culture mode),C.gigas from various ploidy(diploid and triploid),regions(Rushan,Off-site fattening,and Rongcheng),sizes(small,medium,and large)and culture modes(nearshore and offshore)were selected for comparative analyses.The nutritional components(moisture,protein,fat,and mineral),flavor substances(taste amino acids,nucleotides,and succinic acid),and functional indices(eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and taurine)of C.gigas were determined.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the oysters and investigate the variations in nutritional quality.The PCA results indicate that protein,essential fatty acids,selenium,zinc,taste amino acids,taurine,EPA,and DHA were core components contributing to 82.25%of the cumulative variance,providing a more comprehensive reflection of the nutrient composition of C.gigas.The extensive quality rankings for the C.gigas were as follows:diploid>triploid,Rushan>fattening>Rongcheng,medium>large>small,and offshore>nearshore.The score rank revealed that diploid oysters of medium-size from Rushan demonstrated superior nutritional quality compared to other tested samples.This is the first comprehensive and systematic investigation of C.gigas in northern China to reveal the feature of nutrients,flavor,and functional components.The study provided data support for the culture,consumption,processing,research,and nutritional quality improvement of oyster industry.
文摘Pull-ups are a very common fitness exercise that can be seen in many gyms.For athletes,it is very important to perform pull-ups correctly and scientifically.The pull-up scoring method designed in this paper can score the quality of pull-up movement scientifically and objectively,and provide guidance to help athletes better complete the pull-up movement.In this method,the OpenPose algorithm is used to identify the coordinates of skeleton points,and then the coordinate data are processed by a Kalman filter to obtain coordinates closer to the true values.Finally,the filtered data are input into the scoring algorithm designed based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm,and the results of the pull-up quality score and the corresponding guidance are obtained.
文摘Slope is the carrier of geological disasters. Local slope deformation and destruction are the beginning of the formation of collapse, landslide and debris flow. For the evaluation of slope stability, it is the purpose of this evaluation to distinguish unstable, unstable, basically stable and stable slopes in the town area of Taoyuan Township. Combined with field ground investigation and remote sensing images, the data of soil thickness, stratum lithology, terrain slope, slope structure type, regional rainfall, geological structure, human activities and slope height of each slope are collected, and the slope stability evaluation is carried out for rocky slopes and soil slopes. The expert consultation method is used to assign weight and grade assignment to each factor, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the stability of 95 natural slopes divided by Taoyuan Township. Based on the evaluation results, the slope stability zoning map of the study area is drawn, and the regional slope stability distribution law is summarized. The evaluation results can provide basic information for local geological disaster management, urban planning, road planning, etc.
文摘This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12375038 and 12075171 to ZJT,and 12205223 to YLT).
文摘RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performances of existingtop RNA secondary structure prediction methods, including five deep-learning (DL) based methods and five minimum freeenergy (MFE) based methods. First, we made a brief overview of these RNA secondary structure prediction methods.Afterwards, we built two rigorous test datasets consisting of RNAs with non-redundant sequences and comprehensivelyexamined the performances of the RNA secondary structure prediction methods through classifying the RNAs into differentlength ranges and different types. Our examination shows that the DL-based methods generally perform better thanthe MFE-based methods for RNAs with long lengths and complex structures, while the MFE-based methods can achievegood performance for small RNAs and some specialized MFE-based methods can achieve good prediction accuracy forpseudoknots. Finally, we provided some insights and perspectives in modeling RNA secondary structures.
基金Sponsored by Provincial-level Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of Anhui Xinhua University(S202312216043)Natural Science Key Research Program for Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(2023AH051816)Anhui General Teaching Research Project(2022jyxm665).
文摘Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being the most prevalent.In this study,the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to assess the comprehensive value of 22 species of street trees applied along the main urban roads in Hefei City.Fourteen evaluation criteria were selected from four categories:morphological indices,functional indices,resistance indices,and management indices,to develop a comprehensive evaluation model.Based on a composite score derived from 22 street trees,these trees were classified into three distinct grades.Grade I(L≥3.0)exhibited a high comprehensive application value in Hefei City and included 6 tree species,such asPlatanus.Grade II(2.5≤L<3.0)also demonstrated a high comprehensive application value,comprising 15 tree species,includingCatalpabungei.In contrast,grade III(L<2.5)indicated a general comprehensive application value,represented by a single species,Cedrusdeodara.The evaluation results can offer theoretical insights for the selection of urban street trees.
文摘To investigate the characteristics of water environmental pollution in the Nenjiang River Basin,five monitoring sections,including Zhenxi,Xianghai Reservoir,Baishatan,Yuelianghu Reservoir,and Da an,were selected.Utilizing water quality monitoring data collected from 2013 to 2022,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal variation patterns of water quality,assess the current pollution status,and identify the influencing factors of non-point source pollution.The results indicated that the concentrations of representative pollutants at five sections in the lower reaches of the Nenjiang River generally exhibited a downward trend,accompanied by an overall improvement in water quality.However,the degree of improvement varied considerably among the different sections.Specifically,the water quality of the main stream of the Nenjiang River(Baishatan and Da an)improved from Class IV to Class III.In contrast,the Xianghai Reservoir consistently remained at Class V or below,primarily due to excessive fluoride levels.The water quality at Yuelianghu Reservoir and Heidimiao Section demonstrated a fluctuating but overall improving trend.Based on the analysis of pollution sources,targeted recommendations are proposed,including regulating the ecological water requirements of rivers,restoring wetland ecosystems,and enhancing the management of non-point source pollution.These measures offer scientific support for water quality management and ecological conservation in the river basins.
基金supported by the“Natural Science Foundation Project of Qinghai Province,China[2025-ZJ-950M]”and“West Light Foundation.Chinese Academy of Science[1–7]”.
文摘Comprehensive evaluation based on mineral element content is one of the effective methods for the exploration and utilization of wild tulip germplasm resources.In this study,Tulipa iliensis,Tulipa tianschanica and Tulipa heterophylla distributed in China were used as the research objects.The contents of 10mineral elements(N,K,P,S,Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn)in roots,bulbs and leaves were determined,and the three wild tulips were comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed distinct variations in mineral element content among different organs of T.iliensis,T.tianschanica and T.heterophylla,with T.heterophylla exhibiting significantly higher mineral content across all organs compared to the other two wild tulips.Correlation analysis revealed significant(p<0.05)inter-element relationships in T.iliensis,T.tianschanica and T.heterophylla,with positive correlations between N and P,Ca and Zn in roots,P and Mg,P and Cu,Mg and Cu in bulbs,K and Mg,K and Fe,Zn and Mn,Mg and Fe in leaves,alongside a negative S and Fe correlation in leaves.The comprehensive evaluation identified N,S,Ca,and Zn as representative elements for assessing the three wild tulips,with their abundance ranking as follows:T.heterophylla>T.iliensis>T.tianschanica.The results of cluster analysis showed that T.heterophylla was clustered into one category in the roots because of the rich content of mineral elements.T.iliensis and T.tianschanica were clustered into one category in the bulbs because the accumulation of S element was higher than T.heterophylla.T.iliensis and T.heterophylla were clustered into one category in the leaves because of the rich content of mineral elements.The distribution of diverse mineral elements enables wild tulip germplasm resources to adapt to varied natural habitats,playing a decisive role in their response to specific environmental stresses.Studying mineral elements is an important way to gain an in-depth understanding of tulip germplasm resources.The results are of practical significance for conserving wild tulip resources and achieving sustainable utilization.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project of POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited(Grant No.P50922)。
文摘The glacial lake in the Boqu Basin in Tibetan Plateau has changed significantly in recent years due to global warming,seriously affecting the natural and social environments in downstream areas.We obtained the change characteristics of glacial lakes by analyzing remote sensing images and evaluated the outburst floods susceptibility of glacial lakes in the Boqu Basin by combining fuzzy mathematics and random forest methods.An empirical formula for glacial lake hazard evaluation was established based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The confusion matrix were used to assess the evaluation effect of each method.The conclusions were as follows:(1)Under the influence of climate warming,glaciers are retreating further from the glacial lakes,and the size of glaciers that can impact these lakes is shrinking.Geological conditions,such as steep slopes around the lakes,have replaced glacier tongues as the primary factors threatening the susceptibility of the glacial lakes;(2)Among the three evaluation methods,the empirical formula offers high calculation accuracy and is the most convenient to use,which provides an accuracy rate of 85.71%in susceptibility evaluation of the Boqu Basin glacial lake and can be applied to other areas in the rapid evaluation of the susceptibility of glacial lakes;(3)The impact analysis of the collapse shows that the collapse of the Galongco fault would cause large economic losses.
文摘To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the brainstorming method and the Delphi method to identify risks in engineering projects,and organized the identified risks in the form of checklists to facilitate further analysis.Secondly,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory was introduced to determine the comparison matrix of each risk factor and its weight.Furthermore,the top five risk factors in terms of weight ranking were taken as the evaluation factors for the selection of risk control plans.The plans were scored through the weighted scoring method,and the optimal risk control plan was determined based on the score.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed selection technology was verified through A research example of the risk control plan assessment for the construction project of Enterprise A.
基金Sponsored by Guizhou Provincial Key Technology R&D Program“A Study on the Conservation Model with Technology and Sustainable Development Demonstration of the World Natural Heritages in Guizhou”(2202023 QKHZC)the China Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(China 111 Project)(D17016).
文摘The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visual integrity and aesthetic value of the core area’s landscape.Given the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,particularly the growing number of high-speed railways traversing ecologically sensitive regions,the scientific assessment of their impact on the landscape environment of heritage sites has emerged as a pivotal concern in heritage conservation and regional development.This study focused on the section of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway that traverses the buffer zone of the Libo World Natural Heritage Site in Guizhou Province.Beginning with five primary indicators,including natural landscape and aesthetic value,geological geomorphology and Earth history value,biodiversity value,integrity and protection management,and impact on ecological environment,a visual landscape impact assessment system for high-speed railways was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method(FCE).Through expert scoring,hierarchical weight calculation,and fuzzy membership degree analysis,a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the landscape ecological quality,visual coordination,and aesthetic perception within the buffer zone following the construction of high-speed railways.The findings indicate that the construction of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway generally harmonizes well with the landscape environment of the heritage site.The level of visual disturbance remains within an acceptable range and has not significantly damaged the overall aesthetic value or authenticity of the heritage site.Although the integrity of the landscape in certain local areas has experienced a slight decline due to the exposure of bridge and slope structures,the adverse effects have been effectively mitigated through engineering interventions such as vegetation restoration and color coordination.This study innovatively integrates the AHP with fuzzy mathematics methods to achieve a comprehensive evaluation that combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches.This integration provides a scientifically grounded analytical path and a practical technical framework for assessing the visual impact of linear infrastructure projects,such as high-speed railways,within the buffer zones of World Heritage Sites.The findings offer valuable insights for the protection of landscapes and the sustainable development of infrastructure in heritage sites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72231008,72171193,and 72071153)the Science and Technology Innovation Group Program of Shaanxi Province(2024RS-CXTD-28)the Open Fund of Intelligent Control Laboratory(ICL-2023-0304).
文摘Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digital engineering.Due to their highly integrated nature,aeroengines present challenges in performance evaluation because their test-run data are high-dimensional,large-scale,and exhibit strong nonlinear correlations among test indicators.To solve this problem,this study proposes a unified framework of the comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines to assess performance objectively and globally.Specifically,the network model and the dynamics model of aeroengine performance are constructed driven by test-run data,which can explain the patterns of system state changes and the internal relationship,and depict the system accurately.Based on that,three perturbations in the model are used to simulate three fault modes of aeroengines.Moreover,the comprehensive performance evaluation indexes of aeroengines are proposed to evaluate the performance dynamically from two dimensions,the coupling performance and the activity performance.Thirteen test-run qualified and four test-run failed aeroengines are used to validate and establish the qualified ranges.The results demonstrate that the comprehensive evaluation indexes can distinguish test-run qualified and test-run failed aeroengines.By changing the dynamic parameters,the comprehensive performance under any thrust and inlet guide vanes(IGV)angle can be estimated,broadening the test-run scenarios beyond a few typical states.This novel approach offers significant advancements for the comprehensive performance evaluation and management of aeroengines,paving the way for future PHM and aeroengine digital engineering developments.
文摘This paper introduces a novel ensemble Deep learning(DL)-based Multi-Label Retinal Disease Classification(MLRDC)system,known for its high accuracy and efficiency.Utilising a stacking ensemble approach,and integrating DenseNet201,EfficientNetB4,EfficientNetB3 and EfficientNetV2S models,exceptional performance in retinal disease classification is achieved.The proposed MLRDC model,leveraging DL as the meta-model,outperforms individual base detectors,with DenseNet201 and EfficientNetV2S achieving an accuracy of 96.5%,precision of 98.6%,recall of 97.1%,and F1 score of 97.8%.Weighted multilabel classifiers in the ensemble exhibit an average accuracy of 90.6%,precision of 98.3%,recall of 91.2%,and F1 score of 94.6%,whereas unweighted models achieve an average accuracy of 90%,precision of 98.6%,recall of 93.1%,and F1 score of 95.7%.Employing Logistic Regression(LR)as the meta-model,the proposed MLRDC system achieves an accuracy of 93.5%,precision of 98.2%,recall of 93.9%,and F1 score of 96%,with a minimal loss of 0.029.These results highlight the superiority of the proposed model over benchmark state-of-the-art ensembles,emphasising its practical applicability in medical image classification.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd.(Project number:SZKJXM20230085).
文摘Flexible interconnection devices(FIDs)significantly enhance the regulation and management of complex power flows in distribution networks.Voltage source converter(VSC)-based FIDs,in particular,are pivotal for increasing system reliability and operational efficiency.These devices are crucial in supporting the extensive incorporation of electric vehicles(EVs)and renewable energy sources(RESs)into new,load-centric environments.This study evaluates four unique FID-based configurations for distribution network interconnections,revealing their distinctive features.We developed a comprehensive evaluation framework and tool by integrating the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE),which includes five key performance indicators to assess these configurations.The study identifies the optimal application scenarios for each configuration and discusses their roles in enabling the seamless integration of EVs and RESs.The findings provide essential insights and guidelines for the design and implementation of adaptable,interconnected distribution networks that are equipped to meet the growing demands of future urban environments.
基金This project is the applied fundamental research projects (04A10101) sponsored by the scientific and technology developmentdepartment of CNPC.
文摘Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir contains great heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is very difficult. Through many years of research and exploration, we have established a suite of comprehensive evaluation technology for carbonate karst reservoir using geophysical characteristics and a geological concept model, including a technique for reconstructing the paleogeomorphology of buried hills based on a sequence framework, seismic description of the karst reservoir, and strain variant analysis for fracture estimation. The evaluation technology has been successfully applied in the Tabei and Tazhong areas, and commercial production of oil and gas has been achieved. We show the application of this technology in the Lunguxi area in North Tarim in this paper.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(12)5035)Jiangsu Agricultural "Three New Engineering" Project(SXGC[2014]299)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.
基金Supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,2010CB955905)Fund from Hebei Normal University for Nationalities for the Research of the Temporal Evolution in Hotan Oasis with Climate Change(201304)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to evaluate the environmental effects coming from land changes in Hotan oasis during 1980-2010. [Method] Based on the Driving Force-State-Response model, expert weight method and entropy method were used to determine weight, and then the composite indexes of environmental effects （CIE for short） were calculated. [Result] During the period from 1980 to 2010, CIE had presented a rising trend whether expert weight method or entropy method in the study area, while the CIE presents downtrend basically in lower reaches. [Conclu- sion] It was the arable land expansion in middle reaches that led to serious land degradation in lower reaches, and may endanger ecosystem safety in Hotan River green corridor. Therefore, it is suggested that the agricultural land use should be restructured, such as reducing the sown areas of some crops with large amount of water consumption. Meanwhile, the effective measures should be taken to distribute water resources and utilize them reasonably. In addition, the oasis-desert ecotone, as well as the groundwater resources, should be also protected.
文摘According to basic connotation and design principles of ecocity, a comparatively integrated index system is constructed in the paper. And at the same time using hierarchy grey comprehensive evaluation method, a hierarchy grey comprehensive evaluation model of ecocity is established, then on the basis of the model, a comprehensive evaluation support system is developed, and the theoretical guidance supplied for construction of ecocity is provided.
