BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probi...BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.展开更多
Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three decades.Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ...Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three decades.Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ozone pollution as its major precursors.This study analyzed VOC characteristics of roadside,suburban,and rural sites in Hong Kong to investigate their compositions,concentrations,and source contributions.Herewe showthat the TVOC concentrations were 23.05±13.24,12.68±15.36,and 5.16±5.48 ppbv for roadside,suburban,and rural sites between May 2015 to June 2019,respectively.By using Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model,six sources were identified at the roadside site over five years:Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage(33%–46%),gasoline evaporation(8%–31%),aged air mass(11%–28%),gasoline exhaust(5%–16%),diesel exhaust(2%–16%)and fuel filling(75–9%).Similarly,six sources were distinguished at the suburban site,including LPG usage(30%–33%),solvent usage(20%–26%),diesel exhaust(14%–26%),gasoline evaporation(8%–16%),aged air mass(4%–11%),and biogenic emissions(2%–5%).At the rural site,four sources were identified,including aged airmass(33%–51%),solvent usage(25%–30%),vehicular emissions(11%–28%),and biogenic emissions(6%–12%).The analysis further revealed that fuel filling and LPG usage were the primary contributors to OFP and OH reactivity at the roadside site,while solvent usage and biogenic emissions accounted for almost half of OFP and OH reactivity at the suburban and rural sites,respectively.These findings highlight the importance of identifying and characterizing VOC sources at different sites to help policymakers develop targeted measures for pollution mitigation in specific areas.展开更多
VOCs(Volatile organic compounds)exert a vital role in ozone and secondary organic aerosol production,necessitating investigations into their concentration,chemical characteristics,and source apportionment for the effe...VOCs(Volatile organic compounds)exert a vital role in ozone and secondary organic aerosol production,necessitating investigations into their concentration,chemical characteristics,and source apportionment for the effective implementation of measures aimed at preventing and controlling atmospheric pollution.FromJuly to October 2020,onlinemonitoringwas conducted in the main urban area of Shijiazhuang to collect data on VOCs and analyze their concentrations and reactivity.Additionally,the PMF(positive matrix factorization)method was utilized to identify the VOCs sources.Results indicated that the TVOCs(total VOCs)concentration was(96.7±63.4μg/m^3),with alkanes exhibiting the highest concentration of(36.1±26.4μg/m^3),followed by OVOCs(16.4±14.4μg/m^3).The key active components were alkenes and aromatics,among which xylene,propylene,toluene,propionaldehyde,acetaldehyde,ethylene,and styrene played crucial roles as reactive species.The sources derived from PMF analysis encompassed vehicle emissions,solvent and coating sources,combustion sources,industrial emissions sources,as well as plant sources,the contribution of which were 37.80%,27.93%,16.57%,15.24%,and 2.46%,respectively.Hence,reducing vehicular exhaust emissions and encouraging neighboring industries to adopt low-volatile organic solvents and coatings should be prioritized to mitigate VOCs levels.展开更多
Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly wi...Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly with extensive consumption in sofas,due to its abundant resources and efficient functions.Despite being widely traded across the world,little research has been conducted on the VOCs released by leathermaterials and their health risk assessment in the indoor environment.Accordingly,this study investigated the VOC emissions of leather with different grades and the health risk of the inhalation exposure.Based on the ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose(EN)and GC-FID/Qtof,the substantial emissions of aliphatic aldehyde ketones(Aks),particularly hexanal,appear to be the cause of off-flavor in medium and low grade(MG and LG)sofa leathers.The health risk assessment indicated that leather materials barely pose non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects to residents.Given the abundance of VOC sources and the accumulation of health risks in the indoor environment,more stringent specifications concerning qualitative and quantitative content should be extended to provide VOC treatment basic for the manufacturing industry and obtain better indoor air quality.展开更多
Emission characteristics of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs)from dominant tree species in the subtropical pristine forests of China are extremely limited.Here we conducted in situ field measurements of BVOCs...Emission characteristics of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs)from dominant tree species in the subtropical pristine forests of China are extremely limited.Here we conducted in situ field measurements of BVOCs emissions from representative mature evergreen trees by using dynamic branch enclosures at four altitude gradients(600-1690ma.s.l.)in the Nanling Mountains of southern China.Composition characteristics as well as seasonal and altitudinal variations were analyzed.Standardized emission rates and canopyscale emission factors were then calculated.Results showed that BVOCs emission intensities in the wet season were generally higher than those in the dry season.Monoterpenes were the dominant BVOCs emitted from most broad-leaved trees,accounting for over 70%of the total.Schima superba,Yushania basihirsuta and Altingia chinensis had relatively high emission intensities and secondary pollutant formation potentials.The localized emission factors of isoprene were comparable to the defaults in the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols fromNature(MEGAN),while emission factors of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were 2 to 58 times of those in the model.Our results can be used to update the current BVOCs emission inventory in MEGAN,thereby reducing the uncertainties of BVOCs emission estimations in forested regions of southern China.展开更多
The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activate...The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activated sludge.This study focused on the impact of typical soluble and slowly-biodegradable organic compounds,investigating the pathways through which these substrates affect the occurrence of filamentous bulking in systems operated under both high-and low-oxygen conditions.Results showed that slowly-biodegradable organic compounds lead to a concentrated distribution of microorganisms within flocs,with inward growth of filamentous bacteria.Both Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems exhibited a significant increase in protein content.The glucose system,utilizing soluble substrates,exhibited a markedly higher total polysaccharide content.Microbial communities in the Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems were characterized by a higher abundance of bacteria known to enhance sludge flocculation and settling,such as Competibacter,Xanthomonadaceae and Zoogloea.These findings are of high significance for controlling the operational performance and stability of activated sludge systems,deepening our understanding and providing a novel perspective for the improvement of wastewater treatment processes.展开更多
Organic-rich mudstones and shales,which hold significant potential for shale oil resources,characterize the first member of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(K_(2)qn~1)in the Sanzhao sag of the Songliao Basin...Organic-rich mudstones and shales,which hold significant potential for shale oil resources,characterize the first member of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(K_(2)qn~1)in the Sanzhao sag of the Songliao Basin,NE China.Focusing on 30 core samples obtained from the first shale oil parameter well,named SYY3 in the study area,we systematically analyzed the composition and stratigraphic distribution of the K_(2)qn~1 heteroatomic compounds using electrospray ionization Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(ESI FT-ICR MS),to assess their geological relevance to shale oil.The findings indicate that in the negative ion mode,the heteroatomic compounds predominantly consist of N_(1),N_(1)O_(1)-N_(1)O_(8),O_(1)-O_(8),O_(1)S_(1)-O_(6)S_(1);contrastingly,in the positive ion mode,they are primarily composed of N_(1)-N_(2),N_(1)O_(1)-N_(1)O_(4),N_(2)O_(1),O_(1)-O_(4),O_(1)S_(1)-O_(2)S_(1).Heteroatomic compound distributions vary significantly with depth in the negative ion mode,with minor variations in the positive ion mode.These distributions are categorized into three types based on the negative ion ratio((N_(1)+N_(1)O_(x))/O_(x)):TypeⅠ(>1.5),TypeⅡ(0.8-1.5),and TypeⅢ(<0.8);typesⅠandⅡgenerally exhibit a broader range of carbon numbers compared to TypeⅢ.The distribution of double bond equivalent(DBE)values across various sample types exhibits minimal variance,whereas that of carbon numbers shows substantial differences.Variations in heteroatomic compound compositions among the samples might have resulted from vertical sedimentary heterogeneity and differing biotic contributions.TypeⅢsamples show a decrease in total organic carbon(TOC)and free oil content(S_(1))compared to typesⅠandⅡ,but an increased oil saturation index(OSI),indicating a lower content of free oil but a higher proportion of movable oil.The reduced content of N-containing compounds implies lower paleolake productivity during deposition,leading to a reduction in TOC and S_(1).A lower TOC can enhance oil movability due to reduced oil adsorption,and the decreased presence of polar nitrogenous macromolecules with fewer highC-number heteroatomic compounds further promote shale oil movability.Additionally,the negative ion ratios of N1/N1O1and O2/O1 exhibit positive and negative correlations with the values of TOC,S_(1),and extractable organic matter(EOM),respectively,indicating that the salinity and redox conditions of the depositional water body are the primary controlling factors for both organic matter enrichment and shale oil accumulation.展开更多
Anti-aging research has become a popular scientific field with the increasing prominence of population aging.Rare ginsenoside Compound K(CK)has attracted widespread attention as an emerging anti-aging active ingredien...Anti-aging research has become a popular scientific field with the increasing prominence of population aging.Rare ginsenoside Compound K(CK)has attracted widespread attention as an emerging anti-aging active ingredient.The anti-aging effect of ginsenosides is considered to be one of the important roles of ginsenosides,and Compound K,as the main deglycosylated metabolite of ginsenosides,has a comprehensive anti-aging effect as a highly active ingredient obtained by transformation under the action of microbiota.Recent studies have shown that ginsenosides have anti-photo-oxidation,anti-skin aging,free radical scavenging and immunostimulatory effects,which can effectively prevent skin photoaging.With the progress of modern natural medicine extraction technology and the deepening of the research on the anti-skin aging of ginsenosides'high active ingredients,it will promote the development and application of natural product protective skin photoaging preparations.The rare ginsenoside Compound K plays an important role in the improvement of skin health and anti-aging,which is mainly realized by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes,inducing the expression of related genes,reducing the content of oxidative damage substances,regulating the immune system,and influencing the expression of cell-cycle regulators and aging genes.A more comprehensive and in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of the anti-aging effect of rare ginsenoside Compound K will be one of the focuses of future research.展开更多
Thickness of the intermetallic compounds(IMC)layer at the interface has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of Mg/Al dissimilar joints.However,the thickness of IMC layer can be only obtained by metallurg...Thickness of the intermetallic compounds(IMC)layer at the interface has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of Mg/Al dissimilar joints.However,the thickness of IMC layer can be only obtained by metallurgical microscopy,which is destructive and has to break down the weld.Therefore,it is crucial to find a reliable approach that can non-destructively predict the thickness of IMC layer in practical application.In the current study,Mg alloy and Al alloy were friction stir butt welded(FSW)under different tool rotation speeds(TRS)to obtain different thicknesses of IMC layers.As the TRS increased from 400 rpm to 1000 rpm,thickness of the IMC layer increased from 0.4μm to 1.3μm,the peak welding temperatures increased from 259℃to 402℃,and the Z-axis downforces decreased from10.5 kN to 3.2 k N during welding process.Higher TRS would generally induce higher welding heat input,which promotes the growth of the IMC layer and the softening of base materials.The IMC layer formed through solid-state diffusion and transformation instead of eutectic reaction according to the welding temperature history and interfacial microstructure,and its evolution process was clearly observed by plan view.In order to incorporate the effect of dramatic change of welding temperature which is the characteristic feature of FSW,Psd Voigt function was used to fit the welding temperature histories.A new prediction formula was then established to predict thicknesses of IMC layers with considering sharp welding temperature change.Predicted thicknesses gave good agreement with measured thicknesses obtained experimentally under different welding parameters,which confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the new prediction formula.Based on this prediction formula,the time period of temperature higher than 200℃during welding was found critical for the thickening of interfacial IMC layers.展开更多
Ubiquitous contamination of the soil environment with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)has raised considerable concerns.However,there is still limited comprehensive surveying of soil VOCs on a national scale.Herein,65 ...Ubiquitous contamination of the soil environment with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)has raised considerable concerns.However,there is still limited comprehensive surveying of soil VOCs on a national scale.Herein,65 species of VOCswere simultaneously determined in surface soil samples collected from 63 chemical industrial parks(CIPs)across China.The results showed that the total VOC concentrations ranged from 7.15 to 1842 ng/g with a mean concentration of 326 ng/g(median:179 ng/g).Benzene homologs and halogenated hydrocarbons were identified as the dominant contaminant groups.Positive correlations between many VOC species indicated that these compounds probably originated from similar sources.Spatially,the hotspots of VOC pollution were located in eastern and southern China.Soils with higher clay content and a higher fraction of total organic carbon(TOC)content were significantly associated with higher soil VOC concentrations.Precipitation reduces the levels of highly water-soluble substances in surface soils.Both positive matrix factorization(PMF)and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression(PCA-MLR)identified a high proportion of industrial sources(PMF:59.2%and PCA-MLR:66.5%)and traffic emission sources(PMF:32.3%and PCA-MLR:33.5%).PMF,which had a higher R^(2) value(0.7892)than PCA-MLR(0.7683),was the preferred model for quantitative source analysis of soil VOCs.The health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of VOCs were at acceptable levels.Overall,this study provides valuable data on the occurrence of VOCs in soil from Chinese CIPs,which is essential for a comprehensive understanding of their environmental behavior.展开更多
To explore the potential utilization of Elaeagnus mollis,we conducted a comprehensive assessment of its phytochemical composition,antioxidant properties,cholinesterase inhibition,and anti-HepG2 cell proliferation acti...To explore the potential utilization of Elaeagnus mollis,we conducted a comprehensive assessment of its phytochemical composition,antioxidant properties,cholinesterase inhibition,and anti-HepG2 cell proliferation activity across different plant parts(branch wood,branch bark,and pericarp)using various solvents(water,methanol,ethanol,and n-hexane).Our findings revealed that water extracts displayed superior antioxidant activities in ABTS and RP assays,while methanol extracts exhibited better performance in DPPH and FRAP assays.Moreover,methanol extracts demonstrated the highest effectiveness against anti-HepG2 cell proliferation,whereas n-hexane extracts showed greater efficiency in cholinesterase inhibition.Notably,branch bark extracts exhibited the highest levels of phytochemical compounds,with both branch bark and pericarp extracts demonstrating significant effects in cholinesterase inhibition and anti-HepG2 cell proliferation.Correlation analysis indicated that phytochemical compounds were primarily responsible for the observed biological activities.Overall,extracts from the branch bark and pericarp of E.mollis showed promising potential for antioxidant and anticancer activities,suggesting their suitability for applications in the pharmaceutical industry as health-promoting products.展开更多
Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affec...Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affected sites.Bletilla striata,a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,contains diverse chemical constituents and exhibits multiple pharmacological effects.As a key component in various traditional Chinese medicine compound formulations,it has demonstrated notable clinical efficacy.Moreover,it has a solid research foundation and broad application prospects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.This paper systematically elaborates on the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action of Bletilla striata in the treatment of PUs,drawing from ancient medical literature and traditional formula applications to provide support for clinical use.展开更多
The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills(CDDP)in improving cardiac function in patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(AAMI).Betwee...The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills(CDDP)in improving cardiac function in patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(AAMI).Between February 2021 and February 2023,247 eligible patients with AAMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled and randomly assigned(1∶1)to receive CDDP(n=126)or placebo(n=121),with a follow-up of 48 weeks.Compared with the placebo group,the CDDP group demonstrated a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction values after 24 weeks of treatment(least squares mean:3.31;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.72–4.90;P<0.001)and at the 48-week follow-up(least squares mean:4.35;95%CI:2.76–5.94;P<0.001).Significant reductions in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were observed in both groups at the 24-and 48-week visits with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.1 for all).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was 6.35%in the CDDP group and 5.79%in the placebo group(P=0.822).Notably,no serious adverse events were attributed to CDDP.These findings suggest that CDDP may be well tolerated and could improve left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with AAMI at 24 and 48 weeks.展开更多
Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”co...Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”compatibilities theory provides a systematic framework for drug compatibility and has guided the formation of a large number of classic formulas.However,due to the complex compositions and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM,it is difficult to comprehensively reveal its potential synergistic patterns using traditional methods.Synergistic prediction based on molecular compatibility theory provides new ideas for identifying combinations of active compounds in TCM.Compared to resource-intensive traditional experimental methods,artificial intelligence possesses the ability to mine synergistic patterns from multi-omics and structural data,providing an efficient means for modeling and optimizing TCM combinations.This paper systematically reviews the application progress of AI in the synergistic prediction of TCM active compounds and explores the challenges and prospects of its application in modeling combination relationships,thereby contributing to the modernization of TCM theory and methodological innovation.展开更多
Visible-light-mediated O-H functionalization reactions of alcohols with diazo compounds have been fully developed in recent years.However,alkenyl and acetylenic alcohols were rarely examined in these reactions due to ...Visible-light-mediated O-H functionalization reactions of alcohols with diazo compounds have been fully developed in recent years.However,alkenyl and acetylenic alcohols were rarely examined in these reactions due to the inevitable side reactions involving cycloaddition.Herein,the visible-light-mediated O-H functionalization reactions of alkenyl alcohols with diazo compounds were developed.This process competed favorably with the cycloaddition reaction.A series of multifunctional ethers were provided in low to high yields with aryldiazoacetates or 3-diazooxindoles.Biologically relevant spirooxindole-fused oxacycle could be easily accessed from the O-H functionalization product of alkenyl alcohol and 3-diazooxindole.展开更多
The Rh(III)-catalyzed C—H functionalization of sulfoxonium ylides and successively annulation with two classes of cyclic diazo compounds has been realized,affording structurally diverse fused-ring or spirocyclic comp...The Rh(III)-catalyzed C—H functionalization of sulfoxonium ylides and successively annulation with two classes of cyclic diazo compounds has been realized,affording structurally diverse fused-ring or spirocyclic compounds under redoxneutral conditions.The reaction proceeds via successive chelation-assisted C—H activation,carbene insertion,and intramolecular[3+3]/[4+1]annulation processes.展开更多
A novel method employing magnetic compound fluid(MCF)wheel was proposed for polishing the outer surface of stainless steel tube.Firstly,a polishing apparatus was constructed.In addition,the distribution of the magneti...A novel method employing magnetic compound fluid(MCF)wheel was proposed for polishing the outer surface of stainless steel tube.Firstly,a polishing apparatus was constructed.In addition,the distribution of the magnetic field of MCF wheel on the workpiece surface was explored by Maxwell software and Tesla meter,and the relationship between magnetic field distribution and material removal(MR)on the workpiece surface was investigated.Then,MR model was established and proved by the experiment results under specific experiment conditions.Finally,the influence laws of carbonyl iron powder particle size d_(CIP),abrasive particle size d_(AP),magnet speed n_(m),workpiece speed n_(c),and MCF supply amount V on surface roughness R_(a) and reduction rate were investigated through experiments,and the mechanisms of different parameters on surface quality were explored.Results show that the magnetic induction intensity during polishing is positively correlated with the polished profile of the workpiece.The trend of MR simulation is consistent with that of the experiment value,which proves the accuracy of MR model.When the revolution speeds of magnet and workpiece are 200 and 5000 r/min,respectively,and 2 mL MCF slurry containing 50wt%carbonyl iron powder(15μm),12wt%abrasive particle(7μm),3wt%α-cellulose,and 35wt%magnetic fluid was used,the final surface roughness decreases from 0.411μm to 0.007μm.After polishing for 100 min,the reduction rate is 98.297%,demonstrating that this method is appropriate for polishing the outer surface of tube.展开更多
Employing the principle of active moiety concatenation, a novel series of symmetrical triazine compounds were designed. A series of novel triazine compounds were synthesized using cyanuric chloride, amines, and chalco...Employing the principle of active moiety concatenation, a novel series of symmetrical triazine compounds were designed. A series of novel triazine compounds were synthesized using cyanuric chloride, amines, and chalcones as the initial reactants. The structures of these compounds were characterized through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetra- zolium bromide (MTT) assay was employed to evaluate the in vitro anti-proliferative activity of the new s-triazine compounds against human lung cancer cells (A549), human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human colon cancer cells (SW620). The findings indicated that several compounds exhibited promising antitumor effects. Notably, (E)-1-(4-((4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3bg) demonstrated efficacy as a broad-spectrum anticancer agent, exhibiting significant activity against the A549, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines. Furthermore, (E)-1-(4-((4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (3bb) displayed the most potent in vitro antitumor activity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC_(50) value of 16.4 μmol/L, establishing it as the most active compound in assay.展开更多
Direct enantioselective allylic C—H functionalization has emerged as a powerful strategy for the asymmetric syn-thesis of highly valuable chiral products.Herein,a Rh(III)-catalyzed enantioselective allylic C—H alkyl...Direct enantioselective allylic C—H functionalization has emerged as a powerful strategy for the asymmetric syn-thesis of highly valuable chiral products.Herein,a Rh(III)-catalyzed enantioselective allylic C—H alkylation of unactivated alkenes withα-diazo carbonyl compounds is described,enabling direct access to chiral products with high efficiency(up to 77%yield,92%ee,and>10∶1 B/L(branched/linear)selectivity).This atom-and step-economical protocol directly converts simple,unactivated substrates into valuable enantioenriched products under mild conditions,providing an efficient catalytic system for asymmetric allylic C—H functionalization.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.
基金supported by Hong Kong Environment Protection Department(Quotation Ref.18-06532)Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Fund(ITS/193/20FP)Hong Kong Research Grants Council(No.26304921).
文摘Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three decades.Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ozone pollution as its major precursors.This study analyzed VOC characteristics of roadside,suburban,and rural sites in Hong Kong to investigate their compositions,concentrations,and source contributions.Herewe showthat the TVOC concentrations were 23.05±13.24,12.68±15.36,and 5.16±5.48 ppbv for roadside,suburban,and rural sites between May 2015 to June 2019,respectively.By using Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model,six sources were identified at the roadside site over five years:Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage(33%–46%),gasoline evaporation(8%–31%),aged air mass(11%–28%),gasoline exhaust(5%–16%),diesel exhaust(2%–16%)and fuel filling(75–9%).Similarly,six sources were distinguished at the suburban site,including LPG usage(30%–33%),solvent usage(20%–26%),diesel exhaust(14%–26%),gasoline evaporation(8%–16%),aged air mass(4%–11%),and biogenic emissions(2%–5%).At the rural site,four sources were identified,including aged airmass(33%–51%),solvent usage(25%–30%),vehicular emissions(11%–28%),and biogenic emissions(6%–12%).The analysis further revealed that fuel filling and LPG usage were the primary contributors to OFP and OH reactivity at the roadside site,while solvent usage and biogenic emissions accounted for almost half of OFP and OH reactivity at the suburban and rural sites,respectively.These findings highlight the importance of identifying and characterizing VOC sources at different sites to help policymakers develop targeted measures for pollution mitigation in specific areas.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.D2019106042,D2020304038,and D2021106002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276099)+1 种基金the State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex(No.2021080544)the Environmental Monitoring Research Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.2211).
文摘VOCs(Volatile organic compounds)exert a vital role in ozone and secondary organic aerosol production,necessitating investigations into their concentration,chemical characteristics,and source apportionment for the effective implementation of measures aimed at preventing and controlling atmospheric pollution.FromJuly to October 2020,onlinemonitoringwas conducted in the main urban area of Shijiazhuang to collect data on VOCs and analyze their concentrations and reactivity.Additionally,the PMF(positive matrix factorization)method was utilized to identify the VOCs sources.Results indicated that the TVOCs(total VOCs)concentration was(96.7±63.4μg/m^3),with alkanes exhibiting the highest concentration of(36.1±26.4μg/m^3),followed by OVOCs(16.4±14.4μg/m^3).The key active components were alkenes and aromatics,among which xylene,propylene,toluene,propionaldehyde,acetaldehyde,ethylene,and styrene played crucial roles as reactive species.The sources derived from PMF analysis encompassed vehicle emissions,solvent and coating sources,combustion sources,industrial emissions sources,as well as plant sources,the contribution of which were 37.80%,27.93%,16.57%,15.24%,and 2.46%,respectively.Hence,reducing vehicular exhaust emissions and encouraging neighboring industries to adopt low-volatile organic solvents and coatings should be prioritized to mitigate VOCs levels.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1904501).
文摘Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly with extensive consumption in sofas,due to its abundant resources and efficient functions.Despite being widely traded across the world,little research has been conducted on the VOCs released by leathermaterials and their health risk assessment in the indoor environment.Accordingly,this study investigated the VOC emissions of leather with different grades and the health risk of the inhalation exposure.Based on the ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose(EN)and GC-FID/Qtof,the substantial emissions of aliphatic aldehyde ketones(Aks),particularly hexanal,appear to be the cause of off-flavor in medium and low grade(MG and LG)sofa leathers.The health risk assessment indicated that leather materials barely pose non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects to residents.Given the abundance of VOC sources and the accumulation of health risks in the indoor environment,more stringent specifications concerning qualitative and quantitative content should be extended to provide VOC treatment basic for the manufacturing industry and obtain better indoor air quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)Projects (Nos.42205105,42121004,and 42077190)the Science and Technology Project of Shaoguan (No.210811164532141)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC3700604)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City (No.202201010400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.21622319)the Research Center of Low Carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region (No.22JNZS50).
文摘Emission characteristics of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs)from dominant tree species in the subtropical pristine forests of China are extremely limited.Here we conducted in situ field measurements of BVOCs emissions from representative mature evergreen trees by using dynamic branch enclosures at four altitude gradients(600-1690ma.s.l.)in the Nanling Mountains of southern China.Composition characteristics as well as seasonal and altitudinal variations were analyzed.Standardized emission rates and canopyscale emission factors were then calculated.Results showed that BVOCs emission intensities in the wet season were generally higher than those in the dry season.Monoterpenes were the dominant BVOCs emitted from most broad-leaved trees,accounting for over 70%of the total.Schima superba,Yushania basihirsuta and Altingia chinensis had relatively high emission intensities and secondary pollutant formation potentials.The localized emission factors of isoprene were comparable to the defaults in the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols fromNature(MEGAN),while emission factors of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were 2 to 58 times of those in the model.Our results can be used to update the current BVOCs emission inventory in MEGAN,thereby reducing the uncertainties of BVOCs emission estimations in forested regions of southern China.
基金supported by the Opening Project of National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52270017).
文摘The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activated sludge.This study focused on the impact of typical soluble and slowly-biodegradable organic compounds,investigating the pathways through which these substrates affect the occurrence of filamentous bulking in systems operated under both high-and low-oxygen conditions.Results showed that slowly-biodegradable organic compounds lead to a concentrated distribution of microorganisms within flocs,with inward growth of filamentous bacteria.Both Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems exhibited a significant increase in protein content.The glucose system,utilizing soluble substrates,exhibited a markedly higher total polysaccharide content.Microbial communities in the Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems were characterized by a higher abundance of bacteria known to enhance sludge flocculation and settling,such as Competibacter,Xanthomonadaceae and Zoogloea.These findings are of high significance for controlling the operational performance and stability of activated sludge systems,deepening our understanding and providing a novel perspective for the improvement of wastewater treatment processes.
基金jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42072178 and U2244207)the funding project of Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey(Grant No.QCJJ2022-37)Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(Grant Nos.DD20190114,DD20230022,and DD20240045)。
文摘Organic-rich mudstones and shales,which hold significant potential for shale oil resources,characterize the first member of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(K_(2)qn~1)in the Sanzhao sag of the Songliao Basin,NE China.Focusing on 30 core samples obtained from the first shale oil parameter well,named SYY3 in the study area,we systematically analyzed the composition and stratigraphic distribution of the K_(2)qn~1 heteroatomic compounds using electrospray ionization Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(ESI FT-ICR MS),to assess their geological relevance to shale oil.The findings indicate that in the negative ion mode,the heteroatomic compounds predominantly consist of N_(1),N_(1)O_(1)-N_(1)O_(8),O_(1)-O_(8),O_(1)S_(1)-O_(6)S_(1);contrastingly,in the positive ion mode,they are primarily composed of N_(1)-N_(2),N_(1)O_(1)-N_(1)O_(4),N_(2)O_(1),O_(1)-O_(4),O_(1)S_(1)-O_(2)S_(1).Heteroatomic compound distributions vary significantly with depth in the negative ion mode,with minor variations in the positive ion mode.These distributions are categorized into three types based on the negative ion ratio((N_(1)+N_(1)O_(x))/O_(x)):TypeⅠ(>1.5),TypeⅡ(0.8-1.5),and TypeⅢ(<0.8);typesⅠandⅡgenerally exhibit a broader range of carbon numbers compared to TypeⅢ.The distribution of double bond equivalent(DBE)values across various sample types exhibits minimal variance,whereas that of carbon numbers shows substantial differences.Variations in heteroatomic compound compositions among the samples might have resulted from vertical sedimentary heterogeneity and differing biotic contributions.TypeⅢsamples show a decrease in total organic carbon(TOC)and free oil content(S_(1))compared to typesⅠandⅡ,but an increased oil saturation index(OSI),indicating a lower content of free oil but a higher proportion of movable oil.The reduced content of N-containing compounds implies lower paleolake productivity during deposition,leading to a reduction in TOC and S_(1).A lower TOC can enhance oil movability due to reduced oil adsorption,and the decreased presence of polar nitrogenous macromolecules with fewer highC-number heteroatomic compounds further promote shale oil movability.Additionally,the negative ion ratios of N1/N1O1and O2/O1 exhibit positive and negative correlations with the values of TOC,S_(1),and extractable organic matter(EOM),respectively,indicating that the salinity and redox conditions of the depositional water body are the primary controlling factors for both organic matter enrichment and shale oil accumulation.
文摘Anti-aging research has become a popular scientific field with the increasing prominence of population aging.Rare ginsenoside Compound K(CK)has attracted widespread attention as an emerging anti-aging active ingredient.The anti-aging effect of ginsenosides is considered to be one of the important roles of ginsenosides,and Compound K,as the main deglycosylated metabolite of ginsenosides,has a comprehensive anti-aging effect as a highly active ingredient obtained by transformation under the action of microbiota.Recent studies have shown that ginsenosides have anti-photo-oxidation,anti-skin aging,free radical scavenging and immunostimulatory effects,which can effectively prevent skin photoaging.With the progress of modern natural medicine extraction technology and the deepening of the research on the anti-skin aging of ginsenosides'high active ingredients,it will promote the development and application of natural product protective skin photoaging preparations.The rare ginsenoside Compound K plays an important role in the improvement of skin health and anti-aging,which is mainly realized by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes,inducing the expression of related genes,reducing the content of oxidative damage substances,regulating the immune system,and influencing the expression of cell-cycle regulators and aging genes.A more comprehensive and in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of the anti-aging effect of rare ginsenoside Compound K will be one of the focuses of future research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075330)the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.YG2019QNA15)the Foundation of National Facility for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)(No.TMSK-2020-107)。
文摘Thickness of the intermetallic compounds(IMC)layer at the interface has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of Mg/Al dissimilar joints.However,the thickness of IMC layer can be only obtained by metallurgical microscopy,which is destructive and has to break down the weld.Therefore,it is crucial to find a reliable approach that can non-destructively predict the thickness of IMC layer in practical application.In the current study,Mg alloy and Al alloy were friction stir butt welded(FSW)under different tool rotation speeds(TRS)to obtain different thicknesses of IMC layers.As the TRS increased from 400 rpm to 1000 rpm,thickness of the IMC layer increased from 0.4μm to 1.3μm,the peak welding temperatures increased from 259℃to 402℃,and the Z-axis downforces decreased from10.5 kN to 3.2 k N during welding process.Higher TRS would generally induce higher welding heat input,which promotes the growth of the IMC layer and the softening of base materials.The IMC layer formed through solid-state diffusion and transformation instead of eutectic reaction according to the welding temperature history and interfacial microstructure,and its evolution process was clearly observed by plan view.In order to incorporate the effect of dramatic change of welding temperature which is the characteristic feature of FSW,Psd Voigt function was used to fit the welding temperature histories.A new prediction formula was then established to predict thicknesses of IMC layers with considering sharp welding temperature change.Predicted thicknesses gave good agreement with measured thicknesses obtained experimentally under different welding parameters,which confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the new prediction formula.Based on this prediction formula,the time period of temperature higher than 200℃during welding was found critical for the thickening of interfacial IMC layers.
基金supported by the Medical and Health Projects in Zhejiang Province(No.2022PY049)the Basic Scientific Research Project of Hangzhou Medical College(No.YS2021006)Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine(First Class,Category A),Hangzhou Medical College.
文摘Ubiquitous contamination of the soil environment with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)has raised considerable concerns.However,there is still limited comprehensive surveying of soil VOCs on a national scale.Herein,65 species of VOCswere simultaneously determined in surface soil samples collected from 63 chemical industrial parks(CIPs)across China.The results showed that the total VOC concentrations ranged from 7.15 to 1842 ng/g with a mean concentration of 326 ng/g(median:179 ng/g).Benzene homologs and halogenated hydrocarbons were identified as the dominant contaminant groups.Positive correlations between many VOC species indicated that these compounds probably originated from similar sources.Spatially,the hotspots of VOC pollution were located in eastern and southern China.Soils with higher clay content and a higher fraction of total organic carbon(TOC)content were significantly associated with higher soil VOC concentrations.Precipitation reduces the levels of highly water-soluble substances in surface soils.Both positive matrix factorization(PMF)and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression(PCA-MLR)identified a high proportion of industrial sources(PMF:59.2%and PCA-MLR:66.5%)and traffic emission sources(PMF:32.3%and PCA-MLR:33.5%).PMF,which had a higher R^(2) value(0.7892)than PCA-MLR(0.7683),was the preferred model for quantitative source analysis of soil VOCs.The health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of VOCs were at acceptable levels.Overall,this study provides valuable data on the occurrence of VOCs in soil from Chinese CIPs,which is essential for a comprehensive understanding of their environmental behavior.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31600549).
文摘To explore the potential utilization of Elaeagnus mollis,we conducted a comprehensive assessment of its phytochemical composition,antioxidant properties,cholinesterase inhibition,and anti-HepG2 cell proliferation activity across different plant parts(branch wood,branch bark,and pericarp)using various solvents(water,methanol,ethanol,and n-hexane).Our findings revealed that water extracts displayed superior antioxidant activities in ABTS and RP assays,while methanol extracts exhibited better performance in DPPH and FRAP assays.Moreover,methanol extracts demonstrated the highest effectiveness against anti-HepG2 cell proliferation,whereas n-hexane extracts showed greater efficiency in cholinesterase inhibition.Notably,branch bark extracts exhibited the highest levels of phytochemical compounds,with both branch bark and pericarp extracts demonstrating significant effects in cholinesterase inhibition and anti-HepG2 cell proliferation.Correlation analysis indicated that phytochemical compounds were primarily responsible for the observed biological activities.Overall,extracts from the branch bark and pericarp of E.mollis showed promising potential for antioxidant and anticancer activities,suggesting their suitability for applications in the pharmaceutical industry as health-promoting products.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2024ZD0521002The Innovation Team Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province,No.LNZYYCXTD-CCCX-003+1 种基金General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82074296Construction Project of Inheritance Studios of Famous Chinese Medicine Experts in China,No.[2022]No.75.
文摘Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affected sites.Bletilla striata,a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,contains diverse chemical constituents and exhibits multiple pharmacological effects.As a key component in various traditional Chinese medicine compound formulations,it has demonstrated notable clinical efficacy.Moreover,it has a solid research foundation and broad application prospects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.This paper systematically elaborates on the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action of Bletilla striata in the treatment of PUs,drawing from ancient medical literature and traditional formula applications to provide support for clinical use.
基金supported by Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.303100031BA20)。
文摘The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills(CDDP)in improving cardiac function in patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(AAMI).Between February 2021 and February 2023,247 eligible patients with AAMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled and randomly assigned(1∶1)to receive CDDP(n=126)or placebo(n=121),with a follow-up of 48 weeks.Compared with the placebo group,the CDDP group demonstrated a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction values after 24 weeks of treatment(least squares mean:3.31;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.72–4.90;P<0.001)and at the 48-week follow-up(least squares mean:4.35;95%CI:2.76–5.94;P<0.001).Significant reductions in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were observed in both groups at the 24-and 48-week visits with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.1 for all).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was 6.35%in the CDDP group and 5.79%in the placebo group(P=0.822).Notably,no serious adverse events were attributed to CDDP.These findings suggest that CDDP may be well tolerated and could improve left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with AAMI at 24 and 48 weeks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3506900)Science and Technology Program of Tianjin(No.24ZXZSSS00460)Special Project for Technological Innovation in New Productive Forces of Modern Chinese Medicines(No.24ZXZKSY00010)。
文摘Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”compatibilities theory provides a systematic framework for drug compatibility and has guided the formation of a large number of classic formulas.However,due to the complex compositions and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM,it is difficult to comprehensively reveal its potential synergistic patterns using traditional methods.Synergistic prediction based on molecular compatibility theory provides new ideas for identifying combinations of active compounds in TCM.Compared to resource-intensive traditional experimental methods,artificial intelligence possesses the ability to mine synergistic patterns from multi-omics and structural data,providing an efficient means for modeling and optimizing TCM combinations.This paper systematically reviews the application progress of AI in the synergistic prediction of TCM active compounds and explores the challenges and prospects of its application in modeling combination relationships,thereby contributing to the modernization of TCM theory and methodological innovation.
文摘Visible-light-mediated O-H functionalization reactions of alcohols with diazo compounds have been fully developed in recent years.However,alkenyl and acetylenic alcohols were rarely examined in these reactions due to the inevitable side reactions involving cycloaddition.Herein,the visible-light-mediated O-H functionalization reactions of alkenyl alcohols with diazo compounds were developed.This process competed favorably with the cycloaddition reaction.A series of multifunctional ethers were provided in low to high yields with aryldiazoacetates or 3-diazooxindoles.Biologically relevant spirooxindole-fused oxacycle could be easily accessed from the O-H functionalization product of alkenyl alcohol and 3-diazooxindole.
文摘The Rh(III)-catalyzed C—H functionalization of sulfoxonium ylides and successively annulation with two classes of cyclic diazo compounds has been realized,affording structurally diverse fused-ring or spirocyclic compounds under redoxneutral conditions.The reaction proceeds via successive chelation-assisted C—H activation,carbene insertion,and intramolecular[3+3]/[4+1]annulation processes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52265056,52262013)Lanzhou Young Talent Program(2023-QN-38)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(23JRRA776)。
文摘A novel method employing magnetic compound fluid(MCF)wheel was proposed for polishing the outer surface of stainless steel tube.Firstly,a polishing apparatus was constructed.In addition,the distribution of the magnetic field of MCF wheel on the workpiece surface was explored by Maxwell software and Tesla meter,and the relationship between magnetic field distribution and material removal(MR)on the workpiece surface was investigated.Then,MR model was established and proved by the experiment results under specific experiment conditions.Finally,the influence laws of carbonyl iron powder particle size d_(CIP),abrasive particle size d_(AP),magnet speed n_(m),workpiece speed n_(c),and MCF supply amount V on surface roughness R_(a) and reduction rate were investigated through experiments,and the mechanisms of different parameters on surface quality were explored.Results show that the magnetic induction intensity during polishing is positively correlated with the polished profile of the workpiece.The trend of MR simulation is consistent with that of the experiment value,which proves the accuracy of MR model.When the revolution speeds of magnet and workpiece are 200 and 5000 r/min,respectively,and 2 mL MCF slurry containing 50wt%carbonyl iron powder(15μm),12wt%abrasive particle(7μm),3wt%α-cellulose,and 35wt%magnetic fluid was used,the final surface roughness decreases from 0.411μm to 0.007μm.After polishing for 100 min,the reduction rate is 98.297%,demonstrating that this method is appropriate for polishing the outer surface of tube.
文摘Employing the principle of active moiety concatenation, a novel series of symmetrical triazine compounds were designed. A series of novel triazine compounds were synthesized using cyanuric chloride, amines, and chalcones as the initial reactants. The structures of these compounds were characterized through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetra- zolium bromide (MTT) assay was employed to evaluate the in vitro anti-proliferative activity of the new s-triazine compounds against human lung cancer cells (A549), human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human colon cancer cells (SW620). The findings indicated that several compounds exhibited promising antitumor effects. Notably, (E)-1-(4-((4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3bg) demonstrated efficacy as a broad-spectrum anticancer agent, exhibiting significant activity against the A549, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines. Furthermore, (E)-1-(4-((4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (3bb) displayed the most potent in vitro antitumor activity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC_(50) value of 16.4 μmol/L, establishing it as the most active compound in assay.
文摘Direct enantioselective allylic C—H functionalization has emerged as a powerful strategy for the asymmetric syn-thesis of highly valuable chiral products.Herein,a Rh(III)-catalyzed enantioselective allylic C—H alkylation of unactivated alkenes withα-diazo carbonyl compounds is described,enabling direct access to chiral products with high efficiency(up to 77%yield,92%ee,and>10∶1 B/L(branched/linear)selectivity).This atom-and step-economical protocol directly converts simple,unactivated substrates into valuable enantioenriched products under mild conditions,providing an efficient catalytic system for asymmetric allylic C—H functionalization.
