The highly-emulsified oily sludge in gas fields is complex in components and serious in emulsification,which makes effective reduction extremely difficult only by a single direct mechanical separation method such as m...The highly-emulsified oily sludge in gas fields is complex in components and serious in emulsification,which makes effective reduction extremely difficult only by a single direct mechanical separation method such as microwave heating,ultrasonic treatment,chemical conditioning,etc.In view of this,this paper presented a new chemical-physical compounding conditioning technology for such highly emulsified oily sludge in gas fields.The experimental samples,from the Mizhi Natural Gas Processing Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,were treated through chemical conditioning,from which the optimal formula,dosages and dosing order were determined.On this basis,the compound technology of chemical-physical conditioning was applied to reduce the specific resistance to filtration(SRF)of the sludge,thus achieving a satisfactory result.The following results were obtained.(1)The chemical conditioning agent with the formula of the oxidant MN-S,calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide was proved to achieve the fastest dewatering speed,and the specific resistance of sludge can be reduced from 130.3 to 3.81 trillion m^(3) per kg.(2)Comparison between microwave and ultrasonic conditioning methods shows that the latter is better in reducing the SRF(the ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz was applied to reduce the SRF down to 14.01 trillion m^(3) per kg after 4 min of conditioning treatment).(3)The ultrasonic treatment effect after chemical conditioning is the best;the SRF was reduced to 2.77 trillion m^(3) per kg,and the moisture content of the sludge after mechanical dewatering was only 68.71%,decreased by 21.46%compared with the original content of 90.17%.In conclusion,this presented chemical-microwave-ultrasonic compound conditioning technology can reduce the sludge's SRF and the moisture content of filter cakes so as to achieve effective reduction of the highly-emulsified sludge in gas fields.展开更多
This paper provides a formalized definition of the application problem of compound condition query （CCQ） and a formal method of applying requirements elicitation based on trace information space derived from trace a...This paper provides a formalized definition of the application problem of compound condition query （CCQ） and a formal method of applying requirements elicitation based on trace information space derived from trace algebra. With the formalized process of solving the application problem of CCQ, formal requirements specification of application of CCQ is given, a formalized and automatic mapping of the results of requirements elicitation to the formal requirements specification is performed, the software system model and the application code are developed. Through a sample application of comprehensive query on housing information, the feasibility of formalized and automatic software development for the application problem of CCQ is proved. The result has important implications for the other problems regarding formalization and automatic software development.展开更多
The reactions of tri-2-benzofuranylborane or aminoethyl di-2-thienylborinate and 2-thienylphenylborinate with dichlorocarbene generated in situ from chloroform under phase transfer conditions were explored as a new ro...The reactions of tri-2-benzofuranylborane or aminoethyl di-2-thienylborinate and 2-thienylphenylborinate with dichlorocarbene generated in situ from chloroform under phase transfer conditions were explored as a new route for the preparation of heteroaromatic ketones. It was found that a good yield of the ketones can be obtained by solid-liquid system.展开更多
在分析单相统一电能质量控制器(unified power quality conditioner,UPQC)瞬时功率平衡关系的基础上,提出一种基于自适应滤波电流检测的UPQC双电流源协调控制策略。鉴于电流检测精度对双电流源控制策略补偿性能的影响,在保留变步长自适...在分析单相统一电能质量控制器(unified power quality conditioner,UPQC)瞬时功率平衡关系的基础上,提出一种基于自适应滤波电流检测的UPQC双电流源协调控制策略。鉴于电流检测精度对双电流源控制策略补偿性能的影响,在保留变步长自适应算法快速性的前提下,提出一种提高电流检测精度的定频率滤波器改进算法。针对双电流源UPQC的控制器设计,采用比例控制和重复控制构成复合控制实现了串、并联有源电力滤波器的电流跟踪控制;从UPQC整体出发建立直流电压闭环控制的小信号模型,为直流电压环的控制器参数设计提供理论指导。研究结果表明,基于该控制策略和控制器设计方案的UPQC系统实现了较好的负载电压和电网电流补偿效果。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Study on Wellbore Damage Instability Based on Configuration Mechanics Theory”(No.:51674200)the Technical Research Project of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company“Analysis and Countermeasure Study of Produced Water Treatment System of the Mizhi Natural Gas Processing Plant in 2017”(No.:GXTC-CZ-1757181).
文摘The highly-emulsified oily sludge in gas fields is complex in components and serious in emulsification,which makes effective reduction extremely difficult only by a single direct mechanical separation method such as microwave heating,ultrasonic treatment,chemical conditioning,etc.In view of this,this paper presented a new chemical-physical compounding conditioning technology for such highly emulsified oily sludge in gas fields.The experimental samples,from the Mizhi Natural Gas Processing Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,were treated through chemical conditioning,from which the optimal formula,dosages and dosing order were determined.On this basis,the compound technology of chemical-physical conditioning was applied to reduce the specific resistance to filtration(SRF)of the sludge,thus achieving a satisfactory result.The following results were obtained.(1)The chemical conditioning agent with the formula of the oxidant MN-S,calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide was proved to achieve the fastest dewatering speed,and the specific resistance of sludge can be reduced from 130.3 to 3.81 trillion m^(3) per kg.(2)Comparison between microwave and ultrasonic conditioning methods shows that the latter is better in reducing the SRF(the ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz was applied to reduce the SRF down to 14.01 trillion m^(3) per kg after 4 min of conditioning treatment).(3)The ultrasonic treatment effect after chemical conditioning is the best;the SRF was reduced to 2.77 trillion m^(3) per kg,and the moisture content of the sludge after mechanical dewatering was only 68.71%,decreased by 21.46%compared with the original content of 90.17%.In conclusion,this presented chemical-microwave-ultrasonic compound conditioning technology can reduce the sludge's SRF and the moisture content of filter cakes so as to achieve effective reduction of the highly-emulsified sludge in gas fields.
基金supported by the Open Fund for National Engineering Laboratory for E-Government Modeling and Emulation
文摘This paper provides a formalized definition of the application problem of compound condition query （CCQ） and a formal method of applying requirements elicitation based on trace information space derived from trace algebra. With the formalized process of solving the application problem of CCQ, formal requirements specification of application of CCQ is given, a formalized and automatic mapping of the results of requirements elicitation to the formal requirements specification is performed, the software system model and the application code are developed. Through a sample application of comprehensive query on housing information, the feasibility of formalized and automatic software development for the application problem of CCQ is proved. The result has important implications for the other problems regarding formalization and automatic software development.
文摘The reactions of tri-2-benzofuranylborane or aminoethyl di-2-thienylborinate and 2-thienylphenylborinate with dichlorocarbene generated in situ from chloroform under phase transfer conditions were explored as a new route for the preparation of heteroaromatic ketones. It was found that a good yield of the ketones can be obtained by solid-liquid system.
文摘在分析单相统一电能质量控制器(unified power quality conditioner,UPQC)瞬时功率平衡关系的基础上,提出一种基于自适应滤波电流检测的UPQC双电流源协调控制策略。鉴于电流检测精度对双电流源控制策略补偿性能的影响,在保留变步长自适应算法快速性的前提下,提出一种提高电流检测精度的定频率滤波器改进算法。针对双电流源UPQC的控制器设计,采用比例控制和重复控制构成复合控制实现了串、并联有源电力滤波器的电流跟踪控制;从UPQC整体出发建立直流电压闭环控制的小信号模型,为直流电压环的控制器参数设计提供理论指导。研究结果表明,基于该控制策略和控制器设计方案的UPQC系统实现了较好的负载电压和电网电流补偿效果。
