Through exploring the effects of low pH on the composite system of desulfurization gypsum(DG)enhanced by melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF),it is found that the inducing of sulfate-ion,in contrast to chloride and oxalate...Through exploring the effects of low pH on the composite system of desulfurization gypsum(DG)enhanced by melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF),it is found that the inducing of sulfate-ion,in contrast to chloride and oxalate ions,favors the longitudinal growth of the crystalline form of the hydration product,which was relatively simple and had the highest length to width(L/D)ratio.At the same time,MF can also improve L/D ratio of gypsum hydration products,which favors the formation of hydrated whiskers.Finally,in a composite system composed of hemihydrate gypsum,MF,and glass fibers,when dilute sulfuric acid was used to regulate pH=3-4,the tight binding formed among the components of the composite system compared to pH=5-6.The hydration product of gypsum adheres tightly to glass fiber surface and produces a good cross-linking and binding effect with MF.The flexural strength,compressive strength,elastic modulus,and water absorption of the desulphurized gypsum composite board is 22.7 MPa,39.8 MPa,5608 MPa,and 1.8%,respectively.展开更多
A quenching and partitioning(Q&P) process was applied to vanadium carbide particle(VCp)-reinforced Fe-matrix composites(VC-Fe-MCs) to obtain a multiphase microstructure comprising VC, V8 C7, M3 C, α-Fe, and γ-Fe...A quenching and partitioning(Q&P) process was applied to vanadium carbide particle(VCp)-reinforced Fe-matrix composites(VC-Fe-MCs) to obtain a multiphase microstructure comprising VC, V8 C7, M3 C, α-Fe, and γ-Fe. The effects of the austenitizing temperature and the quenching temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of the VC-Fe-MCs were studied. The results show that the size of the carbide became coarse and that the shape of some particles began to transform from diffused graininess into a chrysanthemum-shaped structure with increasing austenitizing temperature. The microhardness decreased with increasing austenitizing temperature but substantially increased after wear testing compared with the microhardness before wear testing; the microhardness values improved by 20.0% ± 2.5%. Retained austenite enhanced the impact toughness and promoted the transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP) effect to improve wear resistance under certain load conditions.展开更多
The dynamics of entanglement between two qubits in the local damping two-sided channel and singlesided channel are compared through non-Markovian process and Markovian process. The entanglement between two qubits is f...The dynamics of entanglement between two qubits in the local damping two-sided channel and singlesided channel are compared through non-Markovian process and Markovian process. The entanglement between two qubits is found to be longer in the single-sided channel case due to the weakening of the dissipative effects. In the two-sided channel, influenced by the entanglement between qubits, the previous independent dissipative channels incline to the composite effect of the Markovian process. This composite effect results in the dissipative effect of one channel affecting the qubits in the other channel, especially inhibiting the backflow effect in the non-Markovian channel, which is disadvantageous to the entanglement maintenance between qubits. In the Markovian channel, the composite effect of the damping two-sided channels is more obvious since there is no backflow effect, thus more disadvantageous to the entanglement maintenance.展开更多
A method for predicting effective thermal conductivities(ETCs) of three-dimensional five-directional(3D5D) braided composites is presented. The effective thermal conductivity prediction method contains a digital image...A method for predicting effective thermal conductivities(ETCs) of three-dimensional five-directional(3D5D) braided composites is presented. The effective thermal conductivity prediction method contains a digital image processing technology. Multiple scanning electron microscopy(SEM)images of composites are analyzed to obtain actual microstructural features. These actual microstructural features of 3D5D braided composites are introduced into representative volume element(RVE) modeling. Apart from applying actual microstructural features,compression effects between yarns are considered in the modeling of RVE,making the RVE more realistic. Therefore,the ETC prediction method establishes a representative unit cell model that better reflects the true microstructural characteristics of the 3D5D braided composites. The ETCs are predicted with the finite element method. Then thermal conductivity measurements are carried out for a 3D5D braided composite sample.By comparing the predicted ETC with the measured thermal conductivity, the whole process of the ETC prediction method is proved to be effective and accurate,where a relative error of only 2.9 % is obtained.Furthermore,the effects of microstructural features are investigated,indicating that increasing interior braiding angles and fiber fill factor can lead to higher transverse ETCs. Longitudinal ETCs decrease with increasing interior braiding angles,but increase with increasing fiber fill factor. Finally,the influence of variations of microstructure parameters observed in digital image processing are investigated. To explore the influence of variations in microstructural features on variations in predicted ETCs,the actual probability distributions of microstructural features obtained from the 3D5D braided composite sample are introduced into the ETC investigation. The results show that,compared with the interior braiding angle,variations in the fiber fill factor exhibit more significant effects on variations in ETCs.展开更多
Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy...Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy for specific conditions.However,a comprehensive report detailing the changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects due to these processing methods is currently lacking.This article provides a systematic review of the commonly employed processing techniques for Atractylodis Rhizoma,including raw Atractylodis Rhizoma(SCZ),bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(FCZ),deep-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(JCZ),and rice water-processed Atractylodis Rhizoma(MCZ).It examines the alterations in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities resulting from these processes and elucidates the mechanisms of action of the primary components in the various processed forms of Atractylodis Rhizoma in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.展开更多
Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain...Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.展开更多
Thermoelectric(TE)materials can effectively achieve direct energy interconversions between heat and electrical energy(Seebeck,Peltier,and Thomson effects),showing wide applications in harvesting waste or low-grade hea...Thermoelectric(TE)materials can effectively achieve direct energy interconversions between heat and electrical energy(Seebeck,Peltier,and Thomson effects),showing wide applications in harvesting waste or low-grade heat,local cooling and sensing[1].展开更多
The theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”was firstly put forward by Chen Jiamu,a medical doctor of Xin’an,in“Enlightening Primer of Materia Medica”.This theory integrates the theory of th...The theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”was firstly put forward by Chen Jiamu,a medical doctor of Xin’an,in“Enlightening Primer of Materia Medica”.This theory integrates the theory of the five elements of Chinese medicine that the five flavors enter into the five viscera,and forms the theory of the role of the auxiliary materials of Chinese medicine concoctions.This theory is an important guiding significance for the clinical use of raw and cooked Chinese medicine tablets.At present,there are more studies on the theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”in the literature,mainly focusing on the chemical composition,efficacy changes and the concoction mechanism of salt products of traditional Chinese medicines before and after salt preparation.There are relatively few review papers on the theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”from the perspectives of auxiliary salt and attribution of meridians.In this paper,through reviewing relevant ancient books and literature,and on the basis of the previous review articles,this paper centers on the auxiliary salt,and conducts in-depth excavation and elaboration in terms of its sources,types,and the historical evolution of the salt production method.From the perspective of categorization,focusing on the core theory of“Kidney stores essence,governing reproduction,bone and generating marrow,water and brain”,we summarize the changes in efficacy before and after the salt preparation of kidney tonic traditional Chinese medicines,the changes in external and internal constituents as well as the scientific connotation of the concocting mechanism behind the effect-constituent changes.The scientific connotation of the concoction theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”was initially elucidated,providing a new reference model for the study of the theory of Chinese medicine concoction attribution.展开更多
文摘Through exploring the effects of low pH on the composite system of desulfurization gypsum(DG)enhanced by melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF),it is found that the inducing of sulfate-ion,in contrast to chloride and oxalate ions,favors the longitudinal growth of the crystalline form of the hydration product,which was relatively simple and had the highest length to width(L/D)ratio.At the same time,MF can also improve L/D ratio of gypsum hydration products,which favors the formation of hydrated whiskers.Finally,in a composite system composed of hemihydrate gypsum,MF,and glass fibers,when dilute sulfuric acid was used to regulate pH=3-4,the tight binding formed among the components of the composite system compared to pH=5-6.The hydration product of gypsum adheres tightly to glass fiber surface and produces a good cross-linking and binding effect with MF.The flexural strength,compressive strength,elastic modulus,and water absorption of the desulphurized gypsum composite board is 22.7 MPa,39.8 MPa,5608 MPa,and 1.8%,respectively.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51475480 and U1637601)the Research Funding from the State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing(No.ZZYJKT2017-01)+1 种基金Innovation Platform and Talent Plan of Hunan Province(No.2016RS2015)the Project of Innovation Driven Plan in Central South University(No.2015CX002)
文摘A quenching and partitioning(Q&P) process was applied to vanadium carbide particle(VCp)-reinforced Fe-matrix composites(VC-Fe-MCs) to obtain a multiphase microstructure comprising VC, V8 C7, M3 C, α-Fe, and γ-Fe. The effects of the austenitizing temperature and the quenching temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of the VC-Fe-MCs were studied. The results show that the size of the carbide became coarse and that the shape of some particles began to transform from diffused graininess into a chrysanthemum-shaped structure with increasing austenitizing temperature. The microhardness decreased with increasing austenitizing temperature but substantially increased after wear testing compared with the microhardness before wear testing; the microhardness values improved by 20.0% ± 2.5%. Retained austenite enhanced the impact toughness and promoted the transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP) effect to improve wear resistance under certain load conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11164009
文摘The dynamics of entanglement between two qubits in the local damping two-sided channel and singlesided channel are compared through non-Markovian process and Markovian process. The entanglement between two qubits is found to be longer in the single-sided channel case due to the weakening of the dissipative effects. In the two-sided channel, influenced by the entanglement between qubits, the previous independent dissipative channels incline to the composite effect of the Markovian process. This composite effect results in the dissipative effect of one channel affecting the qubits in the other channel, especially inhibiting the backflow effect in the non-Markovian channel, which is disadvantageous to the entanglement maintenance between qubits. In the Markovian channel, the composite effect of the damping two-sided channels is more obvious since there is no backflow effect, thus more disadvantageous to the entanglement maintenance.
文摘A method for predicting effective thermal conductivities(ETCs) of three-dimensional five-directional(3D5D) braided composites is presented. The effective thermal conductivity prediction method contains a digital image processing technology. Multiple scanning electron microscopy(SEM)images of composites are analyzed to obtain actual microstructural features. These actual microstructural features of 3D5D braided composites are introduced into representative volume element(RVE) modeling. Apart from applying actual microstructural features,compression effects between yarns are considered in the modeling of RVE,making the RVE more realistic. Therefore,the ETC prediction method establishes a representative unit cell model that better reflects the true microstructural characteristics of the 3D5D braided composites. The ETCs are predicted with the finite element method. Then thermal conductivity measurements are carried out for a 3D5D braided composite sample.By comparing the predicted ETC with the measured thermal conductivity, the whole process of the ETC prediction method is proved to be effective and accurate,where a relative error of only 2.9 % is obtained.Furthermore,the effects of microstructural features are investigated,indicating that increasing interior braiding angles and fiber fill factor can lead to higher transverse ETCs. Longitudinal ETCs decrease with increasing interior braiding angles,but increase with increasing fiber fill factor. Finally,the influence of variations of microstructure parameters observed in digital image processing are investigated. To explore the influence of variations in microstructural features on variations in predicted ETCs,the actual probability distributions of microstructural features obtained from the 3D5D braided composite sample are introduced into the ETC investigation. The results show that,compared with the interior braiding angle,variations in the fiber fill factor exhibit more significant effects on variations in ETCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82304722)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2023AFD154).
文摘Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy for specific conditions.However,a comprehensive report detailing the changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects due to these processing methods is currently lacking.This article provides a systematic review of the commonly employed processing techniques for Atractylodis Rhizoma,including raw Atractylodis Rhizoma(SCZ),bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(FCZ),deep-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(JCZ),and rice water-processed Atractylodis Rhizoma(MCZ).It examines the alterations in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities resulting from these processes and elucidates the mechanisms of action of the primary components in the various processed forms of Atractylodis Rhizoma in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
文摘Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515012415).
文摘Thermoelectric(TE)materials can effectively achieve direct energy interconversions between heat and electrical energy(Seebeck,Peltier,and Thomson effects),showing wide applications in harvesting waste or low-grade heat,local cooling and sensing[1].
基金supported by The Youth Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82204623)Key scientific research projects in universities in Anhui Province(No.2022AH050471)+1 种基金Young Science and Technology Talents Cultivation Program of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2021qnyc04)Scientific Research Team Program of Anhui Colleges and Universities(No.2022AH010036).
文摘The theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”was firstly put forward by Chen Jiamu,a medical doctor of Xin’an,in“Enlightening Primer of Materia Medica”.This theory integrates the theory of the five elements of Chinese medicine that the five flavors enter into the five viscera,and forms the theory of the role of the auxiliary materials of Chinese medicine concoctions.This theory is an important guiding significance for the clinical use of raw and cooked Chinese medicine tablets.At present,there are more studies on the theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”in the literature,mainly focusing on the chemical composition,efficacy changes and the concoction mechanism of salt products of traditional Chinese medicines before and after salt preparation.There are relatively few review papers on the theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”from the perspectives of auxiliary salt and attribution of meridians.In this paper,through reviewing relevant ancient books and literature,and on the basis of the previous review articles,this paper centers on the auxiliary salt,and conducts in-depth excavation and elaboration in terms of its sources,types,and the historical evolution of the salt production method.From the perspective of categorization,focusing on the core theory of“Kidney stores essence,governing reproduction,bone and generating marrow,water and brain”,we summarize the changes in efficacy before and after the salt preparation of kidney tonic traditional Chinese medicines,the changes in external and internal constituents as well as the scientific connotation of the concocting mechanism behind the effect-constituent changes.The scientific connotation of the concoction theory of“Salt-processing enhancing drug into kidney meridian”was initially elucidated,providing a new reference model for the study of the theory of Chinese medicine concoction attribution.
