The Laramie River after flowing in a north direction through southeast Wyoming’s Laramie Basin abruptly turns in an east direction to flow across the north-to-south oriented Laramie Range in a bedrock-walled canyon a...The Laramie River after flowing in a north direction through southeast Wyoming’s Laramie Basin abruptly turns in an east direction to flow across the north-to-south oriented Laramie Range in a bedrock-walled canyon and eventually reaches the lower elevation Great Plains and southeast-oriented North Platte River. The North Laramie River, Bluegrass Creek, and North Sybille/Sybille Creek also flow from the Laramie Basin in separate bedrock-walled valleys into the Laramie Range before eventually joining the Laramie River. Bedrock-walled through valleys link the various Laramie Range stream and river crossing valleys and detailed topographic maps were used to determine how this anastomosing bedrock-walled canyon complex and the large escarpment-surrounded Goshen Hole basin (located just to the east of the anastomosing canyon complex) originated. Map evidence shows multiple streams of water must have diverged in the Laramie Basin from the north-oriented Laramie River to enter the Laramie Range before converging in or east of the Laramie Range and also shows how present day through valleys enabled diverging and converging streams of water to cross the Laramie Range. The anastomosing bedrock-walled valley complex studied here extends from north of the North Laramie River valley to south of the North Sybille/Sybille Creek valley. Large volumes of water flowing from the Laramie Basin to the Great Plains are interpreted to have eroded the anastomosing canyon complex and the “downstream” Goshen Hole escarpment-surrounded basin. Headward erosion of the north-oriented Sybille and Chugwater Creek valleys across large sheets of east-oriented water are interpreted to have left the Goshen Hole escarpment-surrounded basin as a large abandoned headcut. A water source was not determined, although a continental ice sheet that deeply eroded and warped the North American continent is considered to be a possible source.展开更多
This paper considers three algorithms for the extraction of square roots of complex integers {called Gaussians} using arithmetic based on complex modulus p + iq. These algorithms are almost twice as fast as the analog...This paper considers three algorithms for the extraction of square roots of complex integers {called Gaussians} using arithmetic based on complex modulus p + iq. These algorithms are almost twice as fast as the analogous algorithms extracting square roots of either real or complex integers in arithmetic based on modulus p, where is a real prime. A cryptographic system based on these algorithms is provided in this paper. A procedure reducing the computational complexity is described as well. Main results are explained in several numeric illustrations.展开更多
We have defined the environmental interface through the exchange processes between media forming this interface. Considering the environmental interface as a complex system we elaborated the advanced mathematical tool...We have defined the environmental interface through the exchange processes between media forming this interface. Considering the environmental interface as a complex system we elaborated the advanced mathematical tools for its modelling. We have suggested two coupled maps serving the exchange processes on the environmental interfaces spatially ranged from cellular to planetary level, i.e. 1) the map with diffusive coupling for energy exchange simulation and 2) the map with affinity, which is suitable for matter exchange processes at the cellular level. We have performed the dynamical analysis of the coupled maps using the Lyapunov exponent, cross sample as well as the permutation entropy in dependence on different map parameters. Finally, we discussed the map with affinity, which shows some features making it a promising toll in simulation of exchange processes on the environmental interface at the cellular level.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for mor...Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.展开更多
In the field of automatic target recognition and tracking,traditional image complexity metrics,such as statistical variance and signal-to-noise ratio,all focus on single-frame images.However,there are few researches a...In the field of automatic target recognition and tracking,traditional image complexity metrics,such as statistical variance and signal-to-noise ratio,all focus on single-frame images.However,there are few researches about the complexity of image sequence.To solve this problem,a criterion of evaluating image sequence complexity is proposed.Firstly,to characterize this criterion quantitatively,two metrics for measuring the complexity of image sequence,namely feature space similarity degree of global background(FSSDGB)and feature space occultation degree of local background(FSODLB)are developed.Here,FSSDGB reflects the ability of global background to introduce false alarms based on feature space,and FSODLB represents the difference between target and local background based on feature space.Secondly,the feature space is optimized by the grey relational method and relevant features are removed so that FSSDGB and FSODLB are more reasonable to establish complexity of single-frame images.Finally,the image sequence complexity is not a linear sum of the single-frame image complexity.Target tracking errors often occur in high-complexity images and the tracking effect of low-complexity images is very well.The nonlinear transformation based on median(NTM)is proposed to construct complexity of image sequence.The experimental results show that the proposed metric is more valid than other metrics,such as sequence correlation(SC)and interframe change degree(IFCD),and it is highly relevant to the actual performance of automatic target tracking algorithms.展开更多
The quantitatively/semi-quantitatively formation conditions of vertical dominant hydrocarbon migration pathways were analyzed based on the big data analysis of petroleum geological parameters of complex fault Zone zon...The quantitatively/semi-quantitatively formation conditions of vertical dominant hydrocarbon migration pathways were analyzed based on the big data analysis of petroleum geological parameters of complex fault Zone zone in the central-south Bohai Bay. According to this condition, the vertical dominant migration pathway and its charge points/segments are searched through structural modeling assistant analysis in the East Sag of Huanghekou. Under the constraints of charge points/segments, numerical simulation of hydrocarbon charge and migration is carried out to successfully predict hydrocarbon migration pathways and hydrocarbon enrichment blocks in shallow layers of complex fault zone. The main results are as follows:(1) The hydrocarbon charge in shallow layers of the active fault zone is differential, the charge points/sections of vertical dominant migration pathways are the starting points of shallow hydrocarbon migration and are very important for the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the shallow layers.(2) Among the shallow faults, those cutting the deep transfer bins or deep major migration pathways, with fault throw of more than 80 m in the accumulation period and the juxtaposition thickness between fault and caprock of the deep layers of less than 400 m are likely to be vertical dominant migration pathways in the sag area.(3) By controlling the vertical dominant migration pathways and charging points/segments in carrier layer, Neo-tectonic movement caused the differential hydrocarbon accumulation in the complex fault zone. The research results are of great significance for the fine exploration of the complex fault zone.展开更多
Iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 1.62 billion people worldwide,yet traditional iron supplements present bioavailability limitations and gastrointestinal side effects.This randomized,double-blind clinical t...Iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 1.62 billion people worldwide,yet traditional iron supplements present bioavailability limitations and gastrointestinal side effects.This randomized,double-blind clinical trial investigated a novel Auricularia auricula polysaccharide-iron complex(AAPIC)compared with heme iron and ferrous glycinate in 180 iron-deficient adults receiving 30 mg elemental iron daily for 12 weeks.AAPIC achieved comparable hemoglobin improvements(from 98.3±8.7 to 126.5±9.2 g/L)to heme iron(from 97.8±9.1 to 128.3±8.6 g/L)and was significantly superior to ferrous glycinate(from 98.6±8.9 to 119.7±10.3 g/L;p<0.001).Iron absorption efficiency showed AAPIC at 23.7±4.2%,heme iron at 25.1±3.8%,and ferrous glycinate at 18.4±5.1%.Toxicological assessments revealed no hepatotoxicity,nephrotoxicity,or mutagenicity.Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 8.3%of AAPIC recipients versus 15.0%with ferrous glycinate and 10.0%with heme iron.The polysaccharide component facilitates iron transport through enhanced intestinal uptake mechanisms.AAPIC represents a promising,well-tolerated alternative with clinical efficacy comparable to established iron formulations.展开更多
On November 13, 2016, an MW7.8 earthquake struck Kaikoura in South Island of New Zealand. By means of back-projection of array recordings, ASTFs-analysis of global seismic recordings, and joint inversion of global sei...On November 13, 2016, an MW7.8 earthquake struck Kaikoura in South Island of New Zealand. By means of back-projection of array recordings, ASTFs-analysis of global seismic recordings, and joint inversion of global seismic data and co-seismic In SAR data, we investigated complexity of the earthquake source. The result shows that the 2016 MW7.8 Kaikoura earthquake ruptured about 100 s unilaterally from south to northeast(~N28°–33°E), producing a rupture area about 160 km long and about 50 km wide and releasing scalar moment 1.01×1021 Nm. In particular, the rupture area consisted of two slip asperities, with one close to the initial rupture point having a maximal slip value ~6.9 m while the other far away in the northeast having a maximal slip value ~9.3 m. The first asperity slipped for about 65 s and the second one started 40 s after the first one had initiated. The two slipped simultaneously for about 25 s.Furthermore, the first had a nearly thrust slip while the second had both thrust and strike slip. It is interesting that the rupture velocity was not constant, and the whole process may be divided into 5 stages in which the velocities were estimated to be 1.4 km/s, 0 km/s, 2.1 km/s, 0 km/s and 1.1 km/s, respectively. The high-frequency sources distributed nearly along the lower edge of the rupture area, the highfrequency radiating mainly occurred at launching of the asperities, and it seemed that no high-frequency energy was radiated when the rupturing was going to stop.展开更多
Iron tetranitrosyl complex bearing the thiosulfate ligand (TNIC) is an efficient nitrogen monoxide donor (NO). He shows antitumor properties and may be used as an original drug for the therapy of acute coronary syndro...Iron tetranitrosyl complex bearing the thiosulfate ligand (TNIC) is an efficient nitrogen monoxide donor (NO). He shows antitumor properties and may be used as an original drug for the therapy of acute coronary syndrome. In this work, the reaction of the TNIC with adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP) was studied. Formation of the products for the reaction of ATP with TNIC was shown by electronic microscopy. The kinetics of the reaction was controlled by spectrofluorometric method, and the complexation constant was measured. The mechanism of interaction of ATP with TNIC was proposed, and the relevant kinetic model satisfactorily described the experimental data, which permitted to calculate the rate constants for these process stages. NMR, IR, and M?ssbauer studies were used for determination of the reaction product structure. NMR study showed TNIC interaction only with adenine part of ATP. The method of IR spectroscopy identified both the absence NO in the reaction products and the occurrence of new Fe-S and Fe-N bonds. M?ssbauer study showed that iron in the reaction products was presented by two forms: Fe(II) and Fe(III). Thus, the structures for the [ATP-Fe2+S] and [ATP-Fe3+S] complexes were proposed.展开更多
Nowadays, power quality issues are becoming a significant research topic because of the increasing inclusion of very sensitive devices and considerable renewable energy sources. In general, most of the previous power ...Nowadays, power quality issues are becoming a significant research topic because of the increasing inclusion of very sensitive devices and considerable renewable energy sources. In general, most of the previous power quality classification techniques focused on single power quality events and did not include an optimal feature selection process. This paper presents a classification system that employs Wavelet Transform and the RMS profile to extract the main features of the measured waveforms containing either single or complex disturbances. A data mining process is designed to select the optimal set of features that better describes each disturbance present in the waveform. Support Vector Machine binary classifiers organized in a “One Vs Rest” architecture are individually optimized to classify single and complex disturbances. The parameters that rule the performance of each binary classifier are also individually adjusted using a grid search algorithm that helps them achieve optimal performance. This specialized process significantly improves the total classification accuracy. Several single and complex disturbances were simulated in order to train and test the algorithm. The results show that the classifier is capable of identifying >99% of single disturbances and >97% of complex disturbances.展开更多
Jiyang depression, which is the main oil productive area of Shengli oil field, is located at the southeast part of the Bohai Bay Basin and is a terrestrial lacustrine rift subsidence basin formed in the late Mesozoic ...Jiyang depression, which is the main oil productive area of Shengli oil field, is located at the southeast part of the Bohai Bay Basin and is a terrestrial lacustrine rift subsidence basin formed in the late Mesozoic with fully developed fault system. The main hydrocarbon productive formations of this depression are the terrestrial clastic rocks of the Tertiary, which are of strong lateral variation. The complex fault reservoirs and subtle lithological reservoirs distributed extensively and are becoming the main exploration targets in recent years. The exploration and development practice in these years has formed the exploration technologies, mainly including detailed study and description of low grade faults, delineation of microstructures, facies constrained formation description and prediction and low resistivity oil bearing formation’s identification. These exploration technologies have resulted in remarkable effectiveness on the reserve and oil production increments.展开更多
Using newly developed methods and software, association mapping was conducted for chromium content and total sugar in tobacco leaf, based on four-omics datasets. Our objective was to collect data on genotype and pheno...Using newly developed methods and software, association mapping was conducted for chromium content and total sugar in tobacco leaf, based on four-omics datasets. Our objective was to collect data on genotype and phenotype for 60 leaf samples at four developmental stages, from three plant architectural positions and for three cultivars that were grown in two locations. Association mapping was conducted to detect genetic variants at quantitative trait SNP(QTS) loci, quantitative trait transcript(QTT) differences,quantitative trait protein(QTP) variability, and quantitative trait metabolite(QTM) changes,which can be summarized as QTX locus variation. The total heritabilities of the four-omics loci for both traits tested were 23.60% for epistasis and 15.26% for treatment interaction.Epistasis and environment × treatment interaction had important impacts on complex traits at all-omics levels. For decreasing chromium content and increasing total sugar in tobacco leaf, six methylated loci can be directly used for marker-assisted selection, and expression of ten QTTs, seven QTPs and six QTMs can be modified by selection or cultivation.展开更多
Objectives:The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F(eIF4F)translation initiation complex inhibitors(eIF4Fi)were recently found to hyperactivate extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2)signals,which contribute to ...Objectives:The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F(eIF4F)translation initiation complex inhibitors(eIF4Fi)were recently found to hyperactivate extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2)signals,which contribute to acquired resistance to BRAF(B-Raf proto-oncogene,serine/threonine kinase)inhibitors in melanoma.This present study aims to elucidate how to overcome the resistance of the eIF4Fi in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cells and explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Melanoma A375(vemurafenib[VEM]-sensitive)and A375R(VEM-resistant)cells were exposed to eIF4Fi RocA at varying doses and durations in vitro.We investigated the impact of RocA on the activity of ERK1/2,AKT serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),eIF4E,and enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2).We then examined the impact of RocA on pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins and proliferative proteins.We subsequently determined the effect of combined eIF4Fi,AKT1 inhibitor,EZH2 inhibitor or VEM on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.Results:RocA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in A375 cells,but inhibited proliferation in A375R cells.RocA rapidly reactivated ERK1/2 at 3 h and returned to baseline levels at 48 h.However,eIF4E and AKT1 activation began at 12 h and peaked at 48 h.ERK1/2 positively regulated EZH2 and EZH2-dependent expression of c-Fos and EGR1,while AKT1 negatively regulated c-Myc,c-Jun,and BMF,but positively regulated eIF4E.RocA downregulated ERK1/2(or EZH2,AKT1,and eIF4E)independent bcl-2 and Mcl-1 expression.AKT1i enhanced RocA-induced cell apoptosis,while EZH2i reduced RocA-induced cell proliferation.Combined CR-1-31-B,EZH2i,and AKT1i effectively overcame resistance to RocA and VEM resistance both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion:The eIF4F complex inhibitor reactivates ERK1/2-EZH2 and AKT1 signaling pathways,resulting in resistance to both eIF4Fi and VEM.Combined administration of an eIF4Fi with EZH2 and AKT1 inhibitors effectively enhances sensitivity to both eIF4F complex and BRAF inhibitors.展开更多
In certain computational systems the amount of space required to execute an algorithm is even more restrictive than the corresponding time necessary for solution of a problem. In this paper an algorithm for modular mu...In certain computational systems the amount of space required to execute an algorithm is even more restrictive than the corresponding time necessary for solution of a problem. In this paper an algorithm for modular multiplicative inverse is introduced and its computational space complexity is analyzed. A tight upper bound for bit storage required for execution of the algorithm is provided. It is demonstrated that for range of numbers used in public-key encryption systems, the size of bit storage does not exceed a 2K-bit threshold in the worst-case. This feature of the Enhanced-Euclid algorithm allows designing special-purpose hardware for its implementation as a subroutine in communication-secure wireless devices.展开更多
Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP,...Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP, which is based on the timed automata (TA) theory. By devising RFID locating application into complex events, we model the timing diagram of RFID data streams based on the TA. We optimize the constraint of the event streams and propose a novel method to derive the constraint between objects, as well as the constraint between object and location. Experiments prove the proposed method reduces the cost of RFID complex event processing, and improves the efficiency of the RTLS.展开更多
Several approximate methods have been used to find approximate solutions of elliptic systems of first order equations. One common method is the Newton imbedding approach, i.e. the parameter extension method. In this a...Several approximate methods have been used to find approximate solutions of elliptic systems of first order equations. One common method is the Newton imbedding approach, i.e. the parameter extension method. In this article, we discuss approximate solutions to discontinuous Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problems, which have various applications in mechanics and physics. We first formulate the discontinuous Riemann-Hilbert problem for elliptic systems of first order complex equations in multiply connected domains and its modified well-posedness, then use the parameter extensional method to find approximate solutions to the modified boundary value problem for elliptic complex systems of first order equations, and then provide the error estimate of approximate solutions for the discontinuous boundary value problem.展开更多
For many decades Herold Hart Crane,an American poet,who played a very important role in the development of Modern American Literature in the early decades of 20th century,had been considered as a romantic poet by many...For many decades Herold Hart Crane,an American poet,who played a very important role in the development of Modern American Literature in the early decades of 20th century,had been considered as a romantic poet by many critics for his romantic verses.His poetries are considered not only the reflection of the contemporary social phenomenon,ideology,and thoughts,rather they are prophetic.On the other hand,in the early decades of 20th century,in American society,modernism marked a simultaneous movement which tremendously affected the emergence of new values in field of politics,economy,lifestyle,literature,and literary thoughts.The influence of rapid industrializations and the First World War not only changed the philosophy of human life,but also changed the writing style of the contemporary American writers.The new crowded urban life,which is a result of rapid industrializations,and the fear of war made the human being selfish.Humans lost his romantic attitudes towards the literature.A complexity emerged.Hart Crane also could not avoid this complexity.If we study his life style,philosophy of life,and poetic diction,we will surely confine his intelligence not between romanticism and modernism separately.Rather,we can call him a Modernist Romantic poet.In short,Crane can be declared as a romantic poet of the complex genre of high modernism.展开更多
In modern industrial production,foreign object detection in complex environments is crucial to ensure product quality and production safety.Detection systems based on deep-learning image processing algorithms often fa...In modern industrial production,foreign object detection in complex environments is crucial to ensure product quality and production safety.Detection systems based on deep-learning image processing algorithms often face challenges with handling high-resolution images and achieving accurate detection against complex backgrounds.To address these issues,this study employs the PatchCore unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm combined with data augmentation techniques to enhance the system’s generalization capability across varying lighting conditions,viewing angles,and object scales.The proposed method is evaluated in a complex industrial detection scenario involving the bogie of an electric multiple unit(EMU).A dataset consisting of complex backgrounds,diverse lighting conditions,and multiple viewing angles is constructed to validate the performance of the detection system in real industrial environments.Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)of 0.92 and an average F1 score of 0.85.Combined with data augmentation,the proposed model exhibits improvements in AUROC by 0.06 and F1 score by 0.03,demonstrating enhanced accuracy and robustness for foreign object detection in complex industrial settings.In addition,the effects of key factors on detection performance are systematically analyzed,providing practical guidance for parameter selection in real industrial applications.展开更多
Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research top...Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research topic to enhance the robustness.However, most of the existing works in the CPCM robust design optimization neglect the mixed uncertainties, which might result in an unstable design or even an infeasible design. To solve this issue, a response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization(RSM-based HRDO) approach is proposed to improve the robustness of the quality characteristic for the CPCM via considering the mixed uncertainties in the robust design optimization. A bridge-type amplification mechanism is used to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison results prove that the proposed approach can not only keep its superiority in the robustness, but also provide a robust scheme for optimizing the design parameters.展开更多
Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cat...Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cationic ring-opening polymerization.The ratio of blocks,the order of their attachment to the core,and arm length were varied.Conformation of synthesized stars was determined by methods of molecular hydrodynamics and optics.It has been shown that star-shaped molecules were characterized by high intramolecular density,and the arm folding increased with their lengthening.The influence of the structure of block copolymers and their molar mass on the critical micelle concentration has been established.Complexes of synthesized star-shaped block copolymers with curcumin were obtained and the efficient binding of curcumin to polymer molecules was demonstrated.The behavior of the aqueous solutions of the prepared polymer stars and their complexes with curcumin was investigated by light scattering and turbidimetry methods.The influence of the structure and molar mass of star polymers on their thermoresponsiveness and the phase separation temperatures in aqueous solutions was analyzed.A slight increase in the phase separation temperature was found on passage from polymer solutions to solutions of polymer complexes with hydrophobic curcumin.展开更多
文摘The Laramie River after flowing in a north direction through southeast Wyoming’s Laramie Basin abruptly turns in an east direction to flow across the north-to-south oriented Laramie Range in a bedrock-walled canyon and eventually reaches the lower elevation Great Plains and southeast-oriented North Platte River. The North Laramie River, Bluegrass Creek, and North Sybille/Sybille Creek also flow from the Laramie Basin in separate bedrock-walled valleys into the Laramie Range before eventually joining the Laramie River. Bedrock-walled through valleys link the various Laramie Range stream and river crossing valleys and detailed topographic maps were used to determine how this anastomosing bedrock-walled canyon complex and the large escarpment-surrounded Goshen Hole basin (located just to the east of the anastomosing canyon complex) originated. Map evidence shows multiple streams of water must have diverged in the Laramie Basin from the north-oriented Laramie River to enter the Laramie Range before converging in or east of the Laramie Range and also shows how present day through valleys enabled diverging and converging streams of water to cross the Laramie Range. The anastomosing bedrock-walled valley complex studied here extends from north of the North Laramie River valley to south of the North Sybille/Sybille Creek valley. Large volumes of water flowing from the Laramie Basin to the Great Plains are interpreted to have eroded the anastomosing canyon complex and the “downstream” Goshen Hole escarpment-surrounded basin. Headward erosion of the north-oriented Sybille and Chugwater Creek valleys across large sheets of east-oriented water are interpreted to have left the Goshen Hole escarpment-surrounded basin as a large abandoned headcut. A water source was not determined, although a continental ice sheet that deeply eroded and warped the North American continent is considered to be a possible source.
文摘This paper considers three algorithms for the extraction of square roots of complex integers {called Gaussians} using arithmetic based on complex modulus p + iq. These algorithms are almost twice as fast as the analogous algorithms extracting square roots of either real or complex integers in arithmetic based on modulus p, where is a real prime. A cryptographic system based on these algorithms is provided in this paper. A procedure reducing the computational complexity is described as well. Main results are explained in several numeric illustrations.
文摘We have defined the environmental interface through the exchange processes between media forming this interface. Considering the environmental interface as a complex system we elaborated the advanced mathematical tools for its modelling. We have suggested two coupled maps serving the exchange processes on the environmental interfaces spatially ranged from cellular to planetary level, i.e. 1) the map with diffusive coupling for energy exchange simulation and 2) the map with affinity, which is suitable for matter exchange processes at the cellular level. We have performed the dynamical analysis of the coupled maps using the Lyapunov exponent, cross sample as well as the permutation entropy in dependence on different map parameters. Finally, we discussed the map with affinity, which shows some features making it a promising toll in simulation of exchange processes on the environmental interface at the cellular level.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171073).
文摘Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61703337)Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund(SAST2017-082)
文摘In the field of automatic target recognition and tracking,traditional image complexity metrics,such as statistical variance and signal-to-noise ratio,all focus on single-frame images.However,there are few researches about the complexity of image sequence.To solve this problem,a criterion of evaluating image sequence complexity is proposed.Firstly,to characterize this criterion quantitatively,two metrics for measuring the complexity of image sequence,namely feature space similarity degree of global background(FSSDGB)and feature space occultation degree of local background(FSODLB)are developed.Here,FSSDGB reflects the ability of global background to introduce false alarms based on feature space,and FSODLB represents the difference between target and local background based on feature space.Secondly,the feature space is optimized by the grey relational method and relevant features are removed so that FSSDGB and FSODLB are more reasonable to establish complexity of single-frame images.Finally,the image sequence complexity is not a linear sum of the single-frame image complexity.Target tracking errors often occur in high-complexity images and the tracking effect of low-complexity images is very well.The nonlinear transformation based on median(NTM)is proposed to construct complexity of image sequence.The experimental results show that the proposed metric is more valid than other metrics,such as sequence correlation(SC)and interframe change degree(IFCD),and it is highly relevant to the actual performance of automatic target tracking algorithms.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05024-003)
文摘The quantitatively/semi-quantitatively formation conditions of vertical dominant hydrocarbon migration pathways were analyzed based on the big data analysis of petroleum geological parameters of complex fault Zone zone in the central-south Bohai Bay. According to this condition, the vertical dominant migration pathway and its charge points/segments are searched through structural modeling assistant analysis in the East Sag of Huanghekou. Under the constraints of charge points/segments, numerical simulation of hydrocarbon charge and migration is carried out to successfully predict hydrocarbon migration pathways and hydrocarbon enrichment blocks in shallow layers of complex fault zone. The main results are as follows:(1) The hydrocarbon charge in shallow layers of the active fault zone is differential, the charge points/sections of vertical dominant migration pathways are the starting points of shallow hydrocarbon migration and are very important for the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the shallow layers.(2) Among the shallow faults, those cutting the deep transfer bins or deep major migration pathways, with fault throw of more than 80 m in the accumulation period and the juxtaposition thickness between fault and caprock of the deep layers of less than 400 m are likely to be vertical dominant migration pathways in the sag area.(3) By controlling the vertical dominant migration pathways and charging points/segments in carrier layer, Neo-tectonic movement caused the differential hydrocarbon accumulation in the complex fault zone. The research results are of great significance for the fine exploration of the complex fault zone.
文摘Iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 1.62 billion people worldwide,yet traditional iron supplements present bioavailability limitations and gastrointestinal side effects.This randomized,double-blind clinical trial investigated a novel Auricularia auricula polysaccharide-iron complex(AAPIC)compared with heme iron and ferrous glycinate in 180 iron-deficient adults receiving 30 mg elemental iron daily for 12 weeks.AAPIC achieved comparable hemoglobin improvements(from 98.3±8.7 to 126.5±9.2 g/L)to heme iron(from 97.8±9.1 to 128.3±8.6 g/L)and was significantly superior to ferrous glycinate(from 98.6±8.9 to 119.7±10.3 g/L;p<0.001).Iron absorption efficiency showed AAPIC at 23.7±4.2%,heme iron at 25.1±3.8%,and ferrous glycinate at 18.4±5.1%.Toxicological assessments revealed no hepatotoxicity,nephrotoxicity,or mutagenicity.Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 8.3%of AAPIC recipients versus 15.0%with ferrous glycinate and 10.0%with heme iron.The polysaccharide component facilitates iron transport through enhanced intestinal uptake mechanisms.AAPIC represents a promising,well-tolerated alternative with clinical efficacy comparable to established iron formulations.
基金supported by the NSFC project (41474046)the DQJB project (DQJB16B05) of the Institute of Geophysics, CEA
文摘On November 13, 2016, an MW7.8 earthquake struck Kaikoura in South Island of New Zealand. By means of back-projection of array recordings, ASTFs-analysis of global seismic recordings, and joint inversion of global seismic data and co-seismic In SAR data, we investigated complexity of the earthquake source. The result shows that the 2016 MW7.8 Kaikoura earthquake ruptured about 100 s unilaterally from south to northeast(~N28°–33°E), producing a rupture area about 160 km long and about 50 km wide and releasing scalar moment 1.01×1021 Nm. In particular, the rupture area consisted of two slip asperities, with one close to the initial rupture point having a maximal slip value ~6.9 m while the other far away in the northeast having a maximal slip value ~9.3 m. The first asperity slipped for about 65 s and the second one started 40 s after the first one had initiated. The two slipped simultaneously for about 25 s.Furthermore, the first had a nearly thrust slip while the second had both thrust and strike slip. It is interesting that the rupture velocity was not constant, and the whole process may be divided into 5 stages in which the velocities were estimated to be 1.4 km/s, 0 km/s, 2.1 km/s, 0 km/s and 1.1 km/s, respectively. The high-frequency sources distributed nearly along the lower edge of the rupture area, the highfrequency radiating mainly occurred at launching of the asperities, and it seemed that no high-frequency energy was radiated when the rupturing was going to stop.
文摘Iron tetranitrosyl complex bearing the thiosulfate ligand (TNIC) is an efficient nitrogen monoxide donor (NO). He shows antitumor properties and may be used as an original drug for the therapy of acute coronary syndrome. In this work, the reaction of the TNIC with adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP) was studied. Formation of the products for the reaction of ATP with TNIC was shown by electronic microscopy. The kinetics of the reaction was controlled by spectrofluorometric method, and the complexation constant was measured. The mechanism of interaction of ATP with TNIC was proposed, and the relevant kinetic model satisfactorily described the experimental data, which permitted to calculate the rate constants for these process stages. NMR, IR, and M?ssbauer studies were used for determination of the reaction product structure. NMR study showed TNIC interaction only with adenine part of ATP. The method of IR spectroscopy identified both the absence NO in the reaction products and the occurrence of new Fe-S and Fe-N bonds. M?ssbauer study showed that iron in the reaction products was presented by two forms: Fe(II) and Fe(III). Thus, the structures for the [ATP-Fe2+S] and [ATP-Fe3+S] complexes were proposed.
文摘Nowadays, power quality issues are becoming a significant research topic because of the increasing inclusion of very sensitive devices and considerable renewable energy sources. In general, most of the previous power quality classification techniques focused on single power quality events and did not include an optimal feature selection process. This paper presents a classification system that employs Wavelet Transform and the RMS profile to extract the main features of the measured waveforms containing either single or complex disturbances. A data mining process is designed to select the optimal set of features that better describes each disturbance present in the waveform. Support Vector Machine binary classifiers organized in a “One Vs Rest” architecture are individually optimized to classify single and complex disturbances. The parameters that rule the performance of each binary classifier are also individually adjusted using a grid search algorithm that helps them achieve optimal performance. This specialized process significantly improves the total classification accuracy. Several single and complex disturbances were simulated in order to train and test the algorithm. The results show that the classifier is capable of identifying >99% of single disturbances and >97% of complex disturbances.
文摘Jiyang depression, which is the main oil productive area of Shengli oil field, is located at the southeast part of the Bohai Bay Basin and is a terrestrial lacustrine rift subsidence basin formed in the late Mesozoic with fully developed fault system. The main hydrocarbon productive formations of this depression are the terrestrial clastic rocks of the Tertiary, which are of strong lateral variation. The complex fault reservoirs and subtle lithological reservoirs distributed extensively and are becoming the main exploration targets in recent years. The exploration and development practice in these years has formed the exploration technologies, mainly including detailed study and description of low grade faults, delineation of microstructures, facies constrained formation description and prediction and low resistivity oil bearing formation’s identification. These exploration technologies have resulted in remarkable effectiveness on the reserve and oil production increments.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB109306 and 2009CB118404)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities of China ("111" Project, B06014)Research Programs (CNTC-D2011100, CNTC-[2012]146, NY-[2011]3047, QKHRZ [2013] 02)
文摘Using newly developed methods and software, association mapping was conducted for chromium content and total sugar in tobacco leaf, based on four-omics datasets. Our objective was to collect data on genotype and phenotype for 60 leaf samples at four developmental stages, from three plant architectural positions and for three cultivars that were grown in two locations. Association mapping was conducted to detect genetic variants at quantitative trait SNP(QTS) loci, quantitative trait transcript(QTT) differences,quantitative trait protein(QTP) variability, and quantitative trait metabolite(QTM) changes,which can be summarized as QTX locus variation. The total heritabilities of the four-omics loci for both traits tested were 23.60% for epistasis and 15.26% for treatment interaction.Epistasis and environment × treatment interaction had important impacts on complex traits at all-omics levels. For decreasing chromium content and increasing total sugar in tobacco leaf, six methylated loci can be directly used for marker-assisted selection, and expression of ten QTTs, seven QTPs and six QTMs can be modified by selection or cultivation.
文摘Objectives:The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F(eIF4F)translation initiation complex inhibitors(eIF4Fi)were recently found to hyperactivate extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2)signals,which contribute to acquired resistance to BRAF(B-Raf proto-oncogene,serine/threonine kinase)inhibitors in melanoma.This present study aims to elucidate how to overcome the resistance of the eIF4Fi in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cells and explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Melanoma A375(vemurafenib[VEM]-sensitive)and A375R(VEM-resistant)cells were exposed to eIF4Fi RocA at varying doses and durations in vitro.We investigated the impact of RocA on the activity of ERK1/2,AKT serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),eIF4E,and enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2).We then examined the impact of RocA on pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins and proliferative proteins.We subsequently determined the effect of combined eIF4Fi,AKT1 inhibitor,EZH2 inhibitor or VEM on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.Results:RocA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in A375 cells,but inhibited proliferation in A375R cells.RocA rapidly reactivated ERK1/2 at 3 h and returned to baseline levels at 48 h.However,eIF4E and AKT1 activation began at 12 h and peaked at 48 h.ERK1/2 positively regulated EZH2 and EZH2-dependent expression of c-Fos and EGR1,while AKT1 negatively regulated c-Myc,c-Jun,and BMF,but positively regulated eIF4E.RocA downregulated ERK1/2(or EZH2,AKT1,and eIF4E)independent bcl-2 and Mcl-1 expression.AKT1i enhanced RocA-induced cell apoptosis,while EZH2i reduced RocA-induced cell proliferation.Combined CR-1-31-B,EZH2i,and AKT1i effectively overcame resistance to RocA and VEM resistance both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion:The eIF4F complex inhibitor reactivates ERK1/2-EZH2 and AKT1 signaling pathways,resulting in resistance to both eIF4Fi and VEM.Combined administration of an eIF4Fi with EZH2 and AKT1 inhibitors effectively enhances sensitivity to both eIF4F complex and BRAF inhibitors.
文摘In certain computational systems the amount of space required to execute an algorithm is even more restrictive than the corresponding time necessary for solution of a problem. In this paper an algorithm for modular multiplicative inverse is introduced and its computational space complexity is analyzed. A tight upper bound for bit storage required for execution of the algorithm is provided. It is demonstrated that for range of numbers used in public-key encryption systems, the size of bit storage does not exceed a 2K-bit threshold in the worst-case. This feature of the Enhanced-Euclid algorithm allows designing special-purpose hardware for its implementation as a subroutine in communication-secure wireless devices.
文摘Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP, which is based on the timed automata (TA) theory. By devising RFID locating application into complex events, we model the timing diagram of RFID data streams based on the TA. We optimize the constraint of the event streams and propose a novel method to derive the constraint between objects, as well as the constraint between object and location. Experiments prove the proposed method reduces the cost of RFID complex event processing, and improves the efficiency of the RTLS.
文摘Several approximate methods have been used to find approximate solutions of elliptic systems of first order equations. One common method is the Newton imbedding approach, i.e. the parameter extension method. In this article, we discuss approximate solutions to discontinuous Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problems, which have various applications in mechanics and physics. We first formulate the discontinuous Riemann-Hilbert problem for elliptic systems of first order complex equations in multiply connected domains and its modified well-posedness, then use the parameter extensional method to find approximate solutions to the modified boundary value problem for elliptic complex systems of first order equations, and then provide the error estimate of approximate solutions for the discontinuous boundary value problem.
文摘For many decades Herold Hart Crane,an American poet,who played a very important role in the development of Modern American Literature in the early decades of 20th century,had been considered as a romantic poet by many critics for his romantic verses.His poetries are considered not only the reflection of the contemporary social phenomenon,ideology,and thoughts,rather they are prophetic.On the other hand,in the early decades of 20th century,in American society,modernism marked a simultaneous movement which tremendously affected the emergence of new values in field of politics,economy,lifestyle,literature,and literary thoughts.The influence of rapid industrializations and the First World War not only changed the philosophy of human life,but also changed the writing style of the contemporary American writers.The new crowded urban life,which is a result of rapid industrializations,and the fear of war made the human being selfish.Humans lost his romantic attitudes towards the literature.A complexity emerged.Hart Crane also could not avoid this complexity.If we study his life style,philosophy of life,and poetic diction,we will surely confine his intelligence not between romanticism and modernism separately.Rather,we can call him a Modernist Romantic poet.In short,Crane can be declared as a romantic poet of the complex genre of high modernism.
文摘In modern industrial production,foreign object detection in complex environments is crucial to ensure product quality and production safety.Detection systems based on deep-learning image processing algorithms often face challenges with handling high-resolution images and achieving accurate detection against complex backgrounds.To address these issues,this study employs the PatchCore unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm combined with data augmentation techniques to enhance the system’s generalization capability across varying lighting conditions,viewing angles,and object scales.The proposed method is evaluated in a complex industrial detection scenario involving the bogie of an electric multiple unit(EMU).A dataset consisting of complex backgrounds,diverse lighting conditions,and multiple viewing angles is constructed to validate the performance of the detection system in real industrial environments.Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)of 0.92 and an average F1 score of 0.85.Combined with data augmentation,the proposed model exhibits improvements in AUROC by 0.06 and F1 score by 0.03,demonstrating enhanced accuracy and robustness for foreign object detection in complex industrial settings.In addition,the effects of key factors on detection performance are systematically analyzed,providing practical guidance for parameter selection in real industrial applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71702072 71811540414+2 种基金 71573115)the Natural Science Foundation for Jiangsu Institutions(BK20170810)the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Planning Fund(18YJA630008)
文摘Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research topic to enhance the robustness.However, most of the existing works in the CPCM robust design optimization neglect the mixed uncertainties, which might result in an unstable design or even an infeasible design. To solve this issue, a response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization(RSM-based HRDO) approach is proposed to improve the robustness of the quality characteristic for the CPCM via considering the mixed uncertainties in the robust design optimization. A bridge-type amplification mechanism is used to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison results prove that the proposed approach can not only keep its superiority in the robustness, but also provide a robust scheme for optimizing the design parameters.
基金financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(No.23-13-00205)。
文摘Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cationic ring-opening polymerization.The ratio of blocks,the order of their attachment to the core,and arm length were varied.Conformation of synthesized stars was determined by methods of molecular hydrodynamics and optics.It has been shown that star-shaped molecules were characterized by high intramolecular density,and the arm folding increased with their lengthening.The influence of the structure of block copolymers and their molar mass on the critical micelle concentration has been established.Complexes of synthesized star-shaped block copolymers with curcumin were obtained and the efficient binding of curcumin to polymer molecules was demonstrated.The behavior of the aqueous solutions of the prepared polymer stars and their complexes with curcumin was investigated by light scattering and turbidimetry methods.The influence of the structure and molar mass of star polymers on their thermoresponsiveness and the phase separation temperatures in aqueous solutions was analyzed.A slight increase in the phase separation temperature was found on passage from polymer solutions to solutions of polymer complexes with hydrophobic curcumin.
