Proposed a novel approach to the problem of mine complex fields in a perspective of digital modeling and visual representation, and it aimed at developing a theoretical framework for mine complex fields with the facto...Proposed a novel approach to the problem of mine complex fields in a perspective of digital modeling and visual representation, and it aimed at developing a theoretical framework for mine complex fields with the factors and their relationships delineated in a unified manner and at building a prototype for an integrated system of methods, models, and techniques with mine complex fields modeled digitally and represented visually. Specifically, the paper addressed the issues of data mining and knowledge discovery techniques as used in the processing of geological and ore deposit samples, digital modeling techniques as used in the description of mine complex fields, 3D visual simulation techniques as used in the representation of ore bodies and underground excavations, seamless interfacing techniques with other systems such as CAD and web GIS as used in the restructuring of 2D data into 3D models and mapping of 3D models onto 2D graphics, and implementation techniques as used in the case of building a web based prototype system for the integrated modeling and visualization of underground mines.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anterior visual pathway lesions can cause severe visual loss.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)can detect ganglion cell complex(GCC)thinning,even with normal retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness and subt...BACKGROUND Anterior visual pathway lesions can cause severe visual loss.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)can detect ganglion cell complex(GCC)thinning,even with normal retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness and subtle visual field changes.AIM To determine the proportion of eyes with RNFL and GCC thinning and their association with visual parameters in patients with brain tumors undergoing surgery.METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 37 patients(69 eyes)with peri-chiasmatic and chiasmatic brain tumors undergoing surgical decompression between February 2019 and June 2020 at a tertiary care institute.A comprehensive neuroophthalmological work-up,demographic and clinical profile documentation,and six-month postoperative follow-up weredone.Statistical analysis was significant at P<0.05.RESULTS Mean age was 35.14±11.98 years.The best and worst visual outcomes were associated with the craniopharyngioma and meningioma groups,respectively(P=0.008).There was an increase in the proportion of eyes with RNFL damage in the inferior quadrant(P=0.02).Maximum GCC thickness thinning was associated with severe visual impairment.The odds of having blindness in eyes with RNFL(inferior)and GCC loss were 0.96(P=0.003)and 0.95(P=0.03),respectively.GCC thickness showed a clinically positive correlation with visual acuity(r=-0.48,P<0.001)and field defect(r=-0.27,P=0.04)at six months postoperatively.The preoperative GCC thickness and the final postoperative visual outcome were plotted in an empirical ROC curve with area under the curve=0.754.The cut-off value of RNFL(inferior)and GCC,beyond which blindness could be prevented,was 73μm and 58μm,respectively.CONCLUSION In chiasmal compression,RNFL and GCC thickness measurements using OCT can be a useful prognostic indicator for assessing visual recovery.An eye with structural damage,with significant RNFL and GCC loss,is a predictive factor of blindness.A minimum preoperative RNFL and GCC thickness of 73μm and 58μm,respectively,can preserve vision after surgery.展开更多
Complex network modeling characterizes system relationships and structures,while network visualization enables intuitive analysis and interpretation of these patterns.However,existing network visualization tools exhib...Complex network modeling characterizes system relationships and structures,while network visualization enables intuitive analysis and interpretation of these patterns.However,existing network visualization tools exhibit significant limitations in representing attributes of complex networks at various scales,particularly failing to provide advanced visual representations of specific nodes and edges,community affiliation attribution,and global scalability.These limitations substantially impede the intuitive analysis and interpretation of complex network patterns through visual representation.To address these limitations,we propose SFFSlib,a multi-scale network visualization framework incorporating novel methods to highlight attribute representation in diverse network scenarios and optimize structural feature visualization.Notably,we have enhanced the visualization of pivotal details at different scales across diverse network scenarios.The visualization algorithms proposed within SFFSlib were applied to real-world datasets and benchmarked against conventional layout algorithms.The experimental results reveal that SFFSlib significantly enhances the clarity of visualizations across different scales,offering a practical solution for the advancement of network attribute representation and the overall enhancement of visualization quality.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evalua...Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evaluate the correlation between retinal blood flow and GCC loss using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods This retrospective study included seven eyes(seven patients)with unexpected visual loss after vitrectomy and SO tamponade.OCTA was used to evaluate the alterations in retinal vessel density(VD)in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP),deep capillary plexus(DCP),and radial peripapillary capillary plexus(RPCP).OCT was used to measure the thickness of GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL).Medical records of patients were reviewed.Results Quantitative analysis of OCTA images revealed a significant reduction in SCP VD in the affected eyes compared with the controls(all sections P<0.05).No difference was found in GCC thickness,but FLV(focal loss volume)and GLV(global loss volume)were significantly higher in the affected eyes(both P<0.001).SCP VD was inversely correlated with FLV and GLV.Conclusions Silicone oil-related severe visual loss was associated with superficial retinal microvasculature damage and ganglion cell apoptosis.展开更多
In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has driven the widespread deployment of visual systems in complex environments such as autonomous driving,security surveillance,and medical diagnosis.Ho...In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has driven the widespread deployment of visual systems in complex environments such as autonomous driving,security surveillance,and medical diagnosis.However,existing image sensors—such as CMOS and CCD devices—intrinsically suffer from the limitation of fixed spectral response.Especially in environments with strong glare,haze,or dust,external spectral conditions often severely mismatch the device's design range,leading to significant degradation in image quality and a sharp drop in target recognition accuracy.While algorithmic post-processing(such as color bias correction or background suppression)can mitigate these issues,algorithm approaches typically introduce computational latency and increased energy consumption,making them unsuitable for edge computing or high-speed scenarios.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sigmoid colon cancer faces challenges due to anatomical diversity,including variable inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)branching and tumor localization complexities,which increase intraoperative risks.AIM To c...BACKGROUND Sigmoid colon cancer faces challenges due to anatomical diversity,including variable inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)branching and tumor localization complexities,which increase intraoperative risks.AIM To comprehensively evaluate the impact of three-dimensional(3D)visualization technology on enhancing surgical precision and safety,as well as optimizing perioperative outcomes in laparoscopic sigmoid cancer resection.METHODS A prospective cohort of 106 patients(January 2023 to December 2024)undergoing laparoscopic sigmoid cancer resection was divided into the 3D(n=55)group and the control(n=51)group.The 3D group underwent preoperative enhanced computed tomography reconstruction(3D Slicer 5.2.2&Mimics 19.0).3D reconstruction visualization navigation intraoperatively guided the following key steps:Tumor location,Toldt’s space dissection,IMA ligation level selection,regional lymph node dissection,and marginal artery preservation.Outcomes included operative parameters,lymph node yield,and recovery metrics.RESULTS The 3D group demonstrated a significantly shorter operative time(172.91±20.69 minutes vs 190.29±32.29 minutes;P=0.002),reduced blood loss(31.5±11.8 mL vs 44.1±23.4 mL,P=0.001),earlier postoperative flatus(2.23±0.54 days vs 2.53±0.61 days;P=0.013),shorter hospital length of stay(13.47±1.74 days vs 16.20±7.71 days;P=0.013),shorter postoperative length of stay(8.6±2.6 days vs 10.5±4.9 days;P=0.014),and earlier postoperative exhaust time(2.23±0.54 days vs 2.53±0.61 days;P=0.013).Furthermore,the 3D group exhibited a higher mean number of lymph nodes harvested(16.91±5.74 vs 14.45±5.66;P=0.030).CONCLUSION The 3D visualization technology effectively addresses sigmoid colon anatomical complexity through surgical navigation,improving procedural safety and efficiency.展开更多
Dear Editor,We describe a case diagnosed with exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex(ePVAC)successfully treated with focal laser photocoagulation(577 nm),achieving a favorable prognosis with best-corrected vi...Dear Editor,We describe a case diagnosed with exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex(ePVAC)successfully treated with focal laser photocoagulation(577 nm),achieving a favorable prognosis with best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of 20/20.Additionally,we discussed the identification of a possible early-onset non-ePVAC.The ePVAC is characterized as an isolated,aneurysmal abnormity near the macula and usually accompanied by cystic macular edema(ME)[1-2].展开更多
Although deep learning methods have been widely applied in slam visual odometry(VO)over the past decade with impressive improvements,the accuracy remains limited in complex dynamic environments.In this paper,a composi...Although deep learning methods have been widely applied in slam visual odometry(VO)over the past decade with impressive improvements,the accuracy remains limited in complex dynamic environments.In this paper,a composite mask-based generative adversarial network(CMGAN)is introduced to predict camera motion and binocular depth maps.Specifically,a perceptual generator is constructed to obtain the corresponding parallax map and optical flow between two neighboring frames.Then,an iterative pose improvement strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of pose estimation.Finally,a composite mask is embedded in the discriminator to sense structural deformation in the synthesized virtual image,thereby increasing the overall structural constraints of the network model,improving the accuracy of camera pose estimation,and reducing drift issues in the VO.Detailed quantitative and qualitative evaluations on the KITTI dataset show that the proposed framework outperforms existing conventional,supervised learning and unsupervised depth VO methods,providing better results in both pose estimation and depth estimation.展开更多
背景:三角纤维软骨复合体损伤是运动系统常见疾病,采用有效手段治疗对于提高患者生活质量、促进功能恢复具有十分重要的意义,但现有研究缺乏对全球研究趋势及核心热点的系统性整合。目的:通过文献计量学分析,探究三角纤维软骨复合体损...背景:三角纤维软骨复合体损伤是运动系统常见疾病,采用有效手段治疗对于提高患者生活质量、促进功能恢复具有十分重要的意义,但现有研究缺乏对全球研究趋势及核心热点的系统性整合。目的:通过文献计量学分析,探究三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域的研究现状、研究热点和研究趋势。方法:从Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2001-2024年三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域的相关文献,采用Citespace软件对国家、作者、机构、共被引文献、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①分析纳入的352篇文献,总体发文量呈阶段上升趋势,美国为发文量排名第一的国家,妙佑医疗国际(美国)是发文量最多的研究机构;②三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域最常用的前5个关键词是三角纤维软骨复合体、手腕、远端尺桡关节、解剖学、撕裂,“解剖学”为中心性最高的关键词;③时区分析显示,早期的研究策略主要是腕关节损伤的解剖学基础和诊断方法,从2010年开始,研究重心开始转向关节镜术后并发症与长期预后;近年来,三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗研究逐渐呈现出精准化、标准化和跨学科融合的特点;④三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗研究已进入多学科交叉融合的创新阶段,在精准解剖、智能诊疗、生物材料等领域呈现出蓬勃发展的势头。展开更多
可逆信息隐藏(reversible data hiding,RDH)失真包括像素失真和结构失真。考虑到人类视觉系统(human visual system,HVS)对图像结构失真的高敏感性,本文提出使用结构相似性指数(structural similarity index measure,SSIM)作为RDH的评...可逆信息隐藏(reversible data hiding,RDH)失真包括像素失真和结构失真。考虑到人类视觉系统(human visual system,HVS)对图像结构失真的高敏感性,本文提出使用结构相似性指数(structural similarity index measure,SSIM)作为RDH的评价指标。首先,通过分析峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)与SSIM的理论增益关系,实现对两个指标的动态同步评估。随后,提出一种基于纹理区域优先选择的高SSIM的RDH方法。将载体图像划分为4个独立像素集进行图像预处理,精准找到纹理区域,进而按照背景复杂度由高到低的顺序嵌入信息。实验结果表明,优先在纹理区域中嵌入信息的策略减小了图像结构失真。在相同的嵌入率下,SSIM值及图像视觉质量均得到了提高。展开更多
针对复杂城市环境中交通流量、人群密度等动态因素降低视觉地点识别(visual place recognition,VPR)算法精度的问题,提出一种融合语义引导的视觉地点识别(semantic-guided VPR,SG-VPR)算法。设计语义引导特征抑制模块,通过构建语义引导...针对复杂城市环境中交通流量、人群密度等动态因素降低视觉地点识别(visual place recognition,VPR)算法精度的问题,提出一种融合语义引导的视觉地点识别(semantic-guided VPR,SG-VPR)算法。设计语义引导特征抑制模块,通过构建语义引导模块与特征抑制层弱化动态物体干扰,精准提取关键静态特征;改进传统三元损失函数,提出自适应三元损失函数(adaptive triplet marginal loss,ATML),依据样本分布自适应调整边距,解决固定边距策略导致的次优解收敛问题,提升特征区分能力。实验结果表明:SG-VPR算法在Pittsburgh250k和Tokyo24/7城市复杂环境公开数据集上的表现优于现有方法,在动态干扰场景下的视觉地点识别性能得到提升。展开更多
近年来,多模态大语言模型(Multimodal Large Language Models,MLLMs)在人工智能领域取得了显著的进展,特别是逻辑推理方面。思维链推理的出现显著提升了大语言模型的能力,尤其是在复杂推理任务中。尽管取得了这些进展,多模态大语言模型...近年来,多模态大语言模型(Multimodal Large Language Models,MLLMs)在人工智能领域取得了显著的进展,特别是逻辑推理方面。思维链推理的出现显著提升了大语言模型的能力,尤其是在复杂推理任务中。尽管取得了这些进展,多模态大语言模型在可控推理方面仍面临挑战,特别是在视觉问答环境中。传统方法通常导致无结构的推理过程或受限于僵化的框架,限制了其适应性和有效性。为了解决这些问题,本研究提出了基于思维链推理的可控多模态决策方法(Controlled Multimodal Decision-making Method based on Chain-of-Thought reasoning,CMDM-CoT),一种旨在增强MLLMs推理能力的新型可控框架。CMDM-CoT引入了自适应问题解决决策集,使模型能够根据任务复杂性自主选择适当的推理路径,从而克服固定框架的局限性。此外,CMDM-CoT还包含状态评估机制,通过对每个推理状态进行评分,确保逻辑一致性和高质量学习。这种方法不仅促进了简单任务的最小化推理,还支持复杂问题的详细推理。值得注意的是,CMDM-CoT在应用于Llama、Qwen2-VL、InternVL2三种主流模型时表现出色,与基线模型相比,这些模型平均提高了7.3%。此外,这些模型甚至超过了参数量更大的闭源模型GPT-4V,显示出本研究的开源模型在多个基准测试中具有竞争力。展开更多
In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image proc...In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image processing based on Visual Basic programming method was adopted. The methods of automatic contrast and partial grey stretch were used to enhance the X-ray detection image which has relatively low contrast, then automatic threshold method was carried out to segment the two high intensity zones, and weld zones which contain the small defects was extracted. Smoothing and sharpen processing were proceeded on the extracted weld zones, and small defects in X-ray detection image of weldments with complex structure were segmented by using the method of background subtraction in the end. The effects of raster were eliminated, and because of that the image processing was only proceeded on the extracted weld zones, the calculated speed using the above provided algorithm was improved.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AI...BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AION are yet elusive.Only a few related experimental or clinical reports are available on the disease.In this study,spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to examine the morphology of thickness swelling and atrophic changes of macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC)in the different stages of AION that were then compared with the visual fields.Thus,the clinical value of mGCC examination was alleged to be similar to that of the visual field.AIM To explore the mGCC injury at different stages in AION and the clinical significance.METHODS Cases with AION were analyzed in a retrospective study.SD-OCT was used to analyze the correlation between mGCC and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses at different stages of AION and the changes in the corresponding stages of visual fields.RESULTS A total of 21 cases(28 eyes)presented AION.The onset time of AION was defined as early stage(within 3 wk of onset),middle stage(from 3 wk to 2 mo),and late stage(disease span>2 mo).In the early stage,the mGCC thickness of SD-OCT was within the normal high limit,and the perioptic nerve fibers thickness was more than the normal.The changes in the visual field in early stage were not consistent with the swelling changes in mGCC and peri-disc nerve fibers.In addition,atrophy and thinning appeared in mGCC,and the perioptic nerve fibers were swollen.However,the thickness was lower in the middle period than that in the early stage.The change in visual field was consistent with that of mGCC in this period.In the late stage,mGCC shrank and thinned,and the thickness of the nerve fibers around the optic disc in the corresponding region shrank and thinned.CONCLUSION The changes in mGCC thickness in patients with AION showed early,middle,and late stages of development by SD-OCT.Although the early stage visual field changes of AION were not consistent with the swelling changes of mGCC,the horizontal delimitation or annular atrophy of mGCC was consistent with that in the middle and late stage of the disease.The atrophy of peripheral nerve fibers was later than that of the mGCC atrophy.展开更多
With the rise of the Internet of Things(IoT),various devices in life and industry are closely linked.Because of its high payload,stable error correction capability,and convenience in reading and writing,Quick Response...With the rise of the Internet of Things(IoT),various devices in life and industry are closely linked.Because of its high payload,stable error correction capability,and convenience in reading and writing,Quick Response(QR)code has been widely researched in IoT.However,the security of privacy data in IoT is also a very important issue.At the same time,because IoT is developing towards low-power devices in order to be applied to more fields,the technology protecting the security of private needs to have the characteristics of low computational complexity.Visual Secret Sharing(VSS),with its features of safety and low computational cost,can fully meet the requirements of communication security in IoT.Therefore,a VSS scheme with QR code(VSS-QR)was proposed and has been applied to some extent.In VSS-QR,the secret is shared into a series of shares.These shares are usually common QR codes,which cannot cause the attention of the attacker.However,if there is dishonesty among participants,the secret cannot be recovered,which will lead to VSS-QR cannot be widely used due to its inadequate security.In this paper,we propose a visual secret sharing scheme with authentication based on QR code(VSSA-QR).Both the reconstructed secret QR code and shares can be verified whether they are forged by attackers.The above-mentioned operations conveniently are performed on low-power QR scanning devices.Not only does the proposed scheme prevent some dishonest participants or attackers from cheating,but also prevent all participants from conspiring.In addition,the payload is the QR code itself,which is higher than other schemes.Theoretical analysis and experiments prove that the proposed scheme is effective.展开更多
A series of novel six-coordinated terpyridine zinc complexes,containing ammonium salts and thymine fragment at the two terminals,have been designed and synthesized,which can function as highly sensitive visualized sen...A series of novel six-coordinated terpyridine zinc complexes,containing ammonium salts and thymine fragment at the two terminals,have been designed and synthesized,which can function as highly sensitive visualized sensors for melamine detection via selective metallo-hydrogel formation.After fully characterization by various techniques,the complementary triple-hydrogen-bonding between the thymine fragment and melamine,as well as π-π stacking interactions may be responsible for the selective metallo-hydrogel formation.In light of the possible interference aroused by milk ingredients(proteins,peptides and amino acids) and legal/illegal additives(urine,sugars and vitamins),a series of control experiments are therefore involved.To our delight,this visual recognition is highly selective,no gelation was observed with the selected milk ingredients or additives.Remarkably,this new developed protocol enables convenient and highly selective visual recognition of melamine at a concentration as low as 10 ppm in raw milk without any tedious pretreatment.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Technology R＆D Program（2006BAK04B04） National Natural Science Foundation of China（50604003） Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education（2006008005）
文摘Proposed a novel approach to the problem of mine complex fields in a perspective of digital modeling and visual representation, and it aimed at developing a theoretical framework for mine complex fields with the factors and their relationships delineated in a unified manner and at building a prototype for an integrated system of methods, models, and techniques with mine complex fields modeled digitally and represented visually. Specifically, the paper addressed the issues of data mining and knowledge discovery techniques as used in the processing of geological and ore deposit samples, digital modeling techniques as used in the description of mine complex fields, 3D visual simulation techniques as used in the representation of ore bodies and underground excavations, seamless interfacing techniques with other systems such as CAD and web GIS as used in the restructuring of 2D data into 3D models and mapping of 3D models onto 2D graphics, and implementation techniques as used in the case of building a web based prototype system for the integrated modeling and visualization of underground mines.
文摘BACKGROUND Anterior visual pathway lesions can cause severe visual loss.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)can detect ganglion cell complex(GCC)thinning,even with normal retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness and subtle visual field changes.AIM To determine the proportion of eyes with RNFL and GCC thinning and their association with visual parameters in patients with brain tumors undergoing surgery.METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 37 patients(69 eyes)with peri-chiasmatic and chiasmatic brain tumors undergoing surgical decompression between February 2019 and June 2020 at a tertiary care institute.A comprehensive neuroophthalmological work-up,demographic and clinical profile documentation,and six-month postoperative follow-up weredone.Statistical analysis was significant at P<0.05.RESULTS Mean age was 35.14±11.98 years.The best and worst visual outcomes were associated with the craniopharyngioma and meningioma groups,respectively(P=0.008).There was an increase in the proportion of eyes with RNFL damage in the inferior quadrant(P=0.02).Maximum GCC thickness thinning was associated with severe visual impairment.The odds of having blindness in eyes with RNFL(inferior)and GCC loss were 0.96(P=0.003)and 0.95(P=0.03),respectively.GCC thickness showed a clinically positive correlation with visual acuity(r=-0.48,P<0.001)and field defect(r=-0.27,P=0.04)at six months postoperatively.The preoperative GCC thickness and the final postoperative visual outcome were plotted in an empirical ROC curve with area under the curve=0.754.The cut-off value of RNFL(inferior)and GCC,beyond which blindness could be prevented,was 73μm and 58μm,respectively.CONCLUSION In chiasmal compression,RNFL and GCC thickness measurements using OCT can be a useful prognostic indicator for assessing visual recovery.An eye with structural damage,with significant RNFL and GCC loss,is a predictive factor of blindness.A minimum preoperative RNFL and GCC thickness of 73μm and 58μm,respectively,can preserve vision after surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61773091 and 62476045)the LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No.XLYC1807106)the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Liaoning(Grant No.LR2016070).
文摘Complex network modeling characterizes system relationships and structures,while network visualization enables intuitive analysis and interpretation of these patterns.However,existing network visualization tools exhibit significant limitations in representing attributes of complex networks at various scales,particularly failing to provide advanced visual representations of specific nodes and edges,community affiliation attribution,and global scalability.These limitations substantially impede the intuitive analysis and interpretation of complex network patterns through visual representation.To address these limitations,we propose SFFSlib,a multi-scale network visualization framework incorporating novel methods to highlight attribute representation in diverse network scenarios and optimize structural feature visualization.Notably,we have enhanced the visualization of pivotal details at different scales across diverse network scenarios.The visualization algorithms proposed within SFFSlib were applied to real-world datasets and benchmarked against conventional layout algorithms.The experimental results reveal that SFFSlib significantly enhances the clarity of visualizations across different scales,offering a practical solution for the advancement of network attribute representation and the overall enhancement of visualization quality.
基金supported by Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital Key Medical Development Plan[trzdyxzy201801].
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evaluate the correlation between retinal blood flow and GCC loss using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods This retrospective study included seven eyes(seven patients)with unexpected visual loss after vitrectomy and SO tamponade.OCTA was used to evaluate the alterations in retinal vessel density(VD)in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP),deep capillary plexus(DCP),and radial peripapillary capillary plexus(RPCP).OCT was used to measure the thickness of GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL).Medical records of patients were reviewed.Results Quantitative analysis of OCTA images revealed a significant reduction in SCP VD in the affected eyes compared with the controls(all sections P<0.05).No difference was found in GCC thickness,but FLV(focal loss volume)and GLV(global loss volume)were significantly higher in the affected eyes(both P<0.001).SCP VD was inversely correlated with FLV and GLV.Conclusions Silicone oil-related severe visual loss was associated with superficial retinal microvasculature damage and ganglion cell apoptosis.
基金supported in part by STI 2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0209200)in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62374099)+2 种基金in part by Beijing Natural Science Foundation−Xiaomi Innovation Joint Fund(L233009)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L248104)in part by Independent Research Program of School of Integrated Circuits,Tsinghua University,in part by Tsinghua University Fuzhou Data Technology Joint Research Institute.
文摘In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has driven the widespread deployment of visual systems in complex environments such as autonomous driving,security surveillance,and medical diagnosis.However,existing image sensors—such as CMOS and CCD devices—intrinsically suffer from the limitation of fixed spectral response.Especially in environments with strong glare,haze,or dust,external spectral conditions often severely mismatch the device's design range,leading to significant degradation in image quality and a sharp drop in target recognition accuracy.While algorithmic post-processing(such as color bias correction or background suppression)can mitigate these issues,algorithm approaches typically introduce computational latency and increased energy consumption,making them unsuitable for edge computing or high-speed scenarios.
基金Supported by the Health Commission of Fuyang City,Anhui,China,No.FY2023-45Fuyang Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,Anhui,China,No.FK20245505+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Health Commission,No.AHWJ2023Baa20164Bengbu Medical University,No.2023byzd215.
文摘BACKGROUND Sigmoid colon cancer faces challenges due to anatomical diversity,including variable inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)branching and tumor localization complexities,which increase intraoperative risks.AIM To comprehensively evaluate the impact of three-dimensional(3D)visualization technology on enhancing surgical precision and safety,as well as optimizing perioperative outcomes in laparoscopic sigmoid cancer resection.METHODS A prospective cohort of 106 patients(January 2023 to December 2024)undergoing laparoscopic sigmoid cancer resection was divided into the 3D(n=55)group and the control(n=51)group.The 3D group underwent preoperative enhanced computed tomography reconstruction(3D Slicer 5.2.2&Mimics 19.0).3D reconstruction visualization navigation intraoperatively guided the following key steps:Tumor location,Toldt’s space dissection,IMA ligation level selection,regional lymph node dissection,and marginal artery preservation.Outcomes included operative parameters,lymph node yield,and recovery metrics.RESULTS The 3D group demonstrated a significantly shorter operative time(172.91±20.69 minutes vs 190.29±32.29 minutes;P=0.002),reduced blood loss(31.5±11.8 mL vs 44.1±23.4 mL,P=0.001),earlier postoperative flatus(2.23±0.54 days vs 2.53±0.61 days;P=0.013),shorter hospital length of stay(13.47±1.74 days vs 16.20±7.71 days;P=0.013),shorter postoperative length of stay(8.6±2.6 days vs 10.5±4.9 days;P=0.014),and earlier postoperative exhaust time(2.23±0.54 days vs 2.53±0.61 days;P=0.013).Furthermore,the 3D group exhibited a higher mean number of lymph nodes harvested(16.91±5.74 vs 14.45±5.66;P=0.030).CONCLUSION The 3D visualization technology effectively addresses sigmoid colon anatomical complexity through surgical navigation,improving procedural safety and efficiency.
基金Supported by the 1.3.5 Project of West China Hospital of Sichuan University(No.2023HXFH043)Sichuan Natural Science Foundation(No.24NSFSC1718).
文摘Dear Editor,We describe a case diagnosed with exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex(ePVAC)successfully treated with focal laser photocoagulation(577 nm),achieving a favorable prognosis with best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of 20/20.Additionally,we discussed the identification of a possible early-onset non-ePVAC.The ePVAC is characterized as an isolated,aneurysmal abnormity near the macula and usually accompanied by cystic macular edema(ME)[1-2].
基金supported by the Program of Graduate Education and Teaching Reform in Tianjin University of Technology(Nos.YBXM2204 and ZDXM2202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62203331 and 62103299)。
文摘Although deep learning methods have been widely applied in slam visual odometry(VO)over the past decade with impressive improvements,the accuracy remains limited in complex dynamic environments.In this paper,a composite mask-based generative adversarial network(CMGAN)is introduced to predict camera motion and binocular depth maps.Specifically,a perceptual generator is constructed to obtain the corresponding parallax map and optical flow between two neighboring frames.Then,an iterative pose improvement strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of pose estimation.Finally,a composite mask is embedded in the discriminator to sense structural deformation in the synthesized virtual image,thereby increasing the overall structural constraints of the network model,improving the accuracy of camera pose estimation,and reducing drift issues in the VO.Detailed quantitative and qualitative evaluations on the KITTI dataset show that the proposed framework outperforms existing conventional,supervised learning and unsupervised depth VO methods,providing better results in both pose estimation and depth estimation.
文摘背景:三角纤维软骨复合体损伤是运动系统常见疾病,采用有效手段治疗对于提高患者生活质量、促进功能恢复具有十分重要的意义,但现有研究缺乏对全球研究趋势及核心热点的系统性整合。目的:通过文献计量学分析,探究三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域的研究现状、研究热点和研究趋势。方法:从Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2001-2024年三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域的相关文献,采用Citespace软件对国家、作者、机构、共被引文献、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①分析纳入的352篇文献,总体发文量呈阶段上升趋势,美国为发文量排名第一的国家,妙佑医疗国际(美国)是发文量最多的研究机构;②三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗领域最常用的前5个关键词是三角纤维软骨复合体、手腕、远端尺桡关节、解剖学、撕裂,“解剖学”为中心性最高的关键词;③时区分析显示,早期的研究策略主要是腕关节损伤的解剖学基础和诊断方法,从2010年开始,研究重心开始转向关节镜术后并发症与长期预后;近年来,三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗研究逐渐呈现出精准化、标准化和跨学科融合的特点;④三角纤维软骨复合体损伤治疗研究已进入多学科交叉融合的创新阶段,在精准解剖、智能诊疗、生物材料等领域呈现出蓬勃发展的势头。
文摘可逆信息隐藏(reversible data hiding,RDH)失真包括像素失真和结构失真。考虑到人类视觉系统(human visual system,HVS)对图像结构失真的高敏感性,本文提出使用结构相似性指数(structural similarity index measure,SSIM)作为RDH的评价指标。首先,通过分析峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)与SSIM的理论增益关系,实现对两个指标的动态同步评估。随后,提出一种基于纹理区域优先选择的高SSIM的RDH方法。将载体图像划分为4个独立像素集进行图像预处理,精准找到纹理区域,进而按照背景复杂度由高到低的顺序嵌入信息。实验结果表明,优先在纹理区域中嵌入信息的策略减小了图像结构失真。在相同的嵌入率下,SSIM值及图像视觉质量均得到了提高。
文摘近年来,多模态大语言模型(Multimodal Large Language Models,MLLMs)在人工智能领域取得了显著的进展,特别是逻辑推理方面。思维链推理的出现显著提升了大语言模型的能力,尤其是在复杂推理任务中。尽管取得了这些进展,多模态大语言模型在可控推理方面仍面临挑战,特别是在视觉问答环境中。传统方法通常导致无结构的推理过程或受限于僵化的框架,限制了其适应性和有效性。为了解决这些问题,本研究提出了基于思维链推理的可控多模态决策方法(Controlled Multimodal Decision-making Method based on Chain-of-Thought reasoning,CMDM-CoT),一种旨在增强MLLMs推理能力的新型可控框架。CMDM-CoT引入了自适应问题解决决策集,使模型能够根据任务复杂性自主选择适当的推理路径,从而克服固定框架的局限性。此外,CMDM-CoT还包含状态评估机制,通过对每个推理状态进行评分,确保逻辑一致性和高质量学习。这种方法不仅促进了简单任务的最小化推理,还支持复杂问题的详细推理。值得注意的是,CMDM-CoT在应用于Llama、Qwen2-VL、InternVL2三种主流模型时表现出色,与基线模型相比,这些模型平均提高了7.3%。此外,这些模型甚至超过了参数量更大的闭源模型GPT-4V,显示出本研究的开源模型在多个基准测试中具有竞争力。
文摘In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image processing based on Visual Basic programming method was adopted. The methods of automatic contrast and partial grey stretch were used to enhance the X-ray detection image which has relatively low contrast, then automatic threshold method was carried out to segment the two high intensity zones, and weld zones which contain the small defects was extracted. Smoothing and sharpen processing were proceeded on the extracted weld zones, and small defects in X-ray detection image of weldments with complex structure were segmented by using the method of background subtraction in the end. The effects of raster were eliminated, and because of that the image processing was only proceeded on the extracted weld zones, the calculated speed using the above provided algorithm was improved.
文摘BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AION are yet elusive.Only a few related experimental or clinical reports are available on the disease.In this study,spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to examine the morphology of thickness swelling and atrophic changes of macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC)in the different stages of AION that were then compared with the visual fields.Thus,the clinical value of mGCC examination was alleged to be similar to that of the visual field.AIM To explore the mGCC injury at different stages in AION and the clinical significance.METHODS Cases with AION were analyzed in a retrospective study.SD-OCT was used to analyze the correlation between mGCC and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses at different stages of AION and the changes in the corresponding stages of visual fields.RESULTS A total of 21 cases(28 eyes)presented AION.The onset time of AION was defined as early stage(within 3 wk of onset),middle stage(from 3 wk to 2 mo),and late stage(disease span>2 mo).In the early stage,the mGCC thickness of SD-OCT was within the normal high limit,and the perioptic nerve fibers thickness was more than the normal.The changes in the visual field in early stage were not consistent with the swelling changes in mGCC and peri-disc nerve fibers.In addition,atrophy and thinning appeared in mGCC,and the perioptic nerve fibers were swollen.However,the thickness was lower in the middle period than that in the early stage.The change in visual field was consistent with that of mGCC in this period.In the late stage,mGCC shrank and thinned,and the thickness of the nerve fibers around the optic disc in the corresponding region shrank and thinned.CONCLUSION The changes in mGCC thickness in patients with AION showed early,middle,and late stages of development by SD-OCT.Although the early stage visual field changes of AION were not consistent with the swelling changes of mGCC,the horizontal delimitation or annular atrophy of mGCC was consistent with that in the middle and late stage of the disease.The atrophy of peripheral nerve fibers was later than that of the mGCC atrophy.
基金This work was supported in part by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology under Grant 2016r055in part by the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘With the rise of the Internet of Things(IoT),various devices in life and industry are closely linked.Because of its high payload,stable error correction capability,and convenience in reading and writing,Quick Response(QR)code has been widely researched in IoT.However,the security of privacy data in IoT is also a very important issue.At the same time,because IoT is developing towards low-power devices in order to be applied to more fields,the technology protecting the security of private needs to have the characteristics of low computational complexity.Visual Secret Sharing(VSS),with its features of safety and low computational cost,can fully meet the requirements of communication security in IoT.Therefore,a VSS scheme with QR code(VSS-QR)was proposed and has been applied to some extent.In VSS-QR,the secret is shared into a series of shares.These shares are usually common QR codes,which cannot cause the attention of the attacker.However,if there is dishonesty among participants,the secret cannot be recovered,which will lead to VSS-QR cannot be widely used due to its inadequate security.In this paper,we propose a visual secret sharing scheme with authentication based on QR code(VSSA-QR).Both the reconstructed secret QR code and shares can be verified whether they are forged by attackers.The above-mentioned operations conveniently are performed on low-power QR scanning devices.Not only does the proposed scheme prevent some dishonest participants or attackers from cheating,but also prevent all participants from conspiring.In addition,the payload is the QR code itself,which is higher than other schemes.Theoretical analysis and experiments prove that the proposed scheme is effective.
基金Financial support from the State General Administration of the People’s Republic of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine (No.2016QK122)Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21572036 and 21861132002)the Department of Chemistry,Fudan University
文摘A series of novel six-coordinated terpyridine zinc complexes,containing ammonium salts and thymine fragment at the two terminals,have been designed and synthesized,which can function as highly sensitive visualized sensors for melamine detection via selective metallo-hydrogel formation.After fully characterization by various techniques,the complementary triple-hydrogen-bonding between the thymine fragment and melamine,as well as π-π stacking interactions may be responsible for the selective metallo-hydrogel formation.In light of the possible interference aroused by milk ingredients(proteins,peptides and amino acids) and legal/illegal additives(urine,sugars and vitamins),a series of control experiments are therefore involved.To our delight,this visual recognition is highly selective,no gelation was observed with the selected milk ingredients or additives.Remarkably,this new developed protocol enables convenient and highly selective visual recognition of melamine at a concentration as low as 10 ppm in raw milk without any tedious pretreatment.
