Three novel rare earth complexes [N（CH 3） 4 ][Ln（NF） 4 ]·6H 2 O（Ln=Nd（III）（1）,Sm（III）（2）,Ho（III）（3）） were synthesized using hydrothermal method from norfloxacin HNF=1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-...Three novel rare earth complexes [N（CH 3） 4 ][Ln（NF） 4 ]·6H 2 O（Ln=Nd（III）（1）,Sm（III）（2）,Ho（III）（3）） were synthesized using hydrothermal method from norfloxacin HNF=1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-（1-piperazinyl）-3-quinoline carboxylic acid,C 16 H 18 FN 3 O 3）,imidazole and rare earth nitrates.The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis,FT-IR,TG-DTG and X-ray single crystal diffraction.Each rare earth ion was eight-coordinated with carboxyl-O atoms and keto-O atoms from norfloxacin.Four of the norfloxacin ions acted as bidentate chelate group took part in the coordination with rare earth ion.The structures of complexes were tetragonal system with space group I4 1 /acd,which were allomerism.The interaction between complex 1 and DNA was studied by electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence spectroscopy.The binding interaction between the complex 1 and bovine serum albumin（BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy.The complex 1 bound to DNA by the mode of partial intercalation.Complex 1 had a strong ability to quench the fluorescence from BSA.The complex interaction was mainly a static quenching process with BSA together with formation of two binding sites.展开更多
A new copper（II）-2,2＇-biimidazole metal-organic POMs-supported compound [Cu（H2biim）2]{[Cu（H2biim）212[H10W12O44]}＇8H2O （H2biim = 2,2＇-biimidazole） has been success- fully synthesized under hydrothermal condi...A new copper（II）-2,2＇-biimidazole metal-organic POMs-supported compound [Cu（H2biim）2]{[Cu（H2biim）212[H10W12O44]}＇8H2O （H2biim = 2,2＇-biimidazole） has been success- fully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and TG. The crystal adopts space group Pi with a = 11.800（2）, b = 13.437（3）, c = 13.685（3） A, V = 1922.5（7） A3, D,. = 3.507 g/cm3, C36H62Cu3N24W12O52, M,. = 4059.92, F（000） = 1837,μ = 18.796 mm-1, Z = 1, R = 0.0579 and wR = 0.1465 for 8734 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystallography analysis exhibits that the title compound consists of one [H10W12044]6- polyanion and three [Cu（H2biim）2] units. And significant π-π stacking interactions and intermolecular O-H-,.O or N-H.＇-O hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to a three-dimensional supramolecular framework. Thermal stability and magnetic property of the complex have also been investigated.展开更多
In this study,a new twisting gold（Ⅰ） isocyanide complex based on tetraphenylethene（TPE）,TPE-NC-Au.was designed and synthesized.It exhibits aggregation induced phosphorescence（AIP） characteristics,owing to the i...In this study,a new twisting gold（Ⅰ） isocyanide complex based on tetraphenylethene（TPE）,TPE-NC-Au.was designed and synthesized.It exhibits aggregation induced phosphorescence（AIP） characteristics,owing to the incorporation of Au moiety and conformation rigidification in the aggregated states.Moreover,the emission color of the crystalline solid of TPE-NC-Au changes from blue（454 nm） to green（500 nm） in response to mechanical grinding,due to the combined effects of conformation planarization,enhanced π…π stacking,as well as the emergence of aurophilic interactions in the ground amorphous state.Notably,the emission color can be restored upon solvent fuming,associating with the reconstruction of crystalline lattices.The AIP and switchable mechanochromism of TPE-NC-Au make it suitable for potential applications in bioimaging,sensing,and optoelectronic devices.展开更多
The reflection and diffraction of a planar shock wave around a circular cylinder are a typical problem of the complex nonlinear shock wave phenomena in literature.It has long been studied experimentally,analytically a...The reflection and diffraction of a planar shock wave around a circular cylinder are a typical problem of the complex nonlinear shock wave phenomena in literature.It has long been studied experimentally,analytically as well as numerically.Takayama in 1987 obtained clear experimental pictures ofisopycnics in shock tube under the condi- tion that the impinging shock wave propagates as far as 3 diameters away from the cylinder.To know more complete- ly the whole unsteady process,it is desirable to get experimental results in a region which is more than 10 diameters away from the cylinder.This is what has been done in this paper by using the pulsed laser holographic interferometry for several shock Mach numbers of the impinging shock. Results for several moments are shown,giving more know- ledge about the whole unsteady flow field.This is useful for a reliable and complete understanding of the changing force acting on the cylinder,and provides interesting data to check the performance of many recently developed high resolution numerical methods for unsteady shock wave calculation.展开更多
Metal-based compounds are promising adsorbents for phosphate.A novel dual metal-organic framework as an effective adsorbent for phosphate was synthesized by a solvothermal method.The structure analysis revealed that t...Metal-based compounds are promising adsorbents for phosphate.A novel dual metal-organic framework as an effective adsorbent for phosphate was synthesized by a solvothermal method.The structure analysis revealed that the as-prepared adsorbent(denoted as MIL-101(Fe/Zr))possessed a porous polyhedral structure with a large specific surface area of 479.1 m^(2)/g and a pore width of 3.4 nm.The X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectra suggested that the MIL-101(Fe/Zr)shared a similar structure with MIL-101(Fe),implying successful incorporation of Zr atoms as a second metal into the MIL-101(Fe)structure.Kinetic adsorption of PO_(4)^(3-)by MIL-101(Fe/Zr)conformed to the pseudo-second-order model and intraparticle diffusion model,while adsorption isotherm fitted the Freundlich model well(R^(2)=0.9785).It is suggested that such an adsorption belonged to multiply-layer adsorption.The adsorption capacity of MIL-101(Fe/Zr)was to be 66.00 mg/g.MIL-101(Fe/Zr)performed well at a wide range of pH 2.0~10.0 and high ionic strength(0~40 mg/L NaCl).A structural analysis indicated that the complexation interaction was mainly responsible for PO_(4)^(3-)adsorption.These findings can inspire preparation of other dual metal MOFs adsorbent for phosphate removal and recovery from water.展开更多
A fluid-structure interaction system subject to Sommerfeld＇s condition is defined as a Sommerfeld system which is divided into three categories： Fluid Sommerfeld （FS） System, Solid Sommerfeld （SS） System and Flu...A fluid-structure interaction system subject to Sommerfeld＇s condition is defined as a Sommerfeld system which is divided into three categories： Fluid Sommerfeld （FS） System, Solid Sommerfeld （SS） System and Fluid Solid Sommerfeld （FSS） System of which Sommerfeld conditions are imposed on a fluid boundary only, a solid boundary only and both fluid and solid boundaries, respectively. This paper follows the previous initial results claimed by simple examples to further mathematically investigate the natural vibrations of generalized Sommerfeld systems. A new parameter representing the speed of radiation wave for generalized 3-D problems with more complicated boundary conditions is introduced into the Sommerfeld condition which allows investigation of the natural vibrations of a Sommerfeld system involving both free surface and compressible waves. The mathematical demonstrations and selected examples confirm and reveal the natural behaviour of generalized Sommerfeld systems defined above. These generalized conclusions can be used in theoretical or engineering analysis of the vibrations of various Sommerfeld systems in engineering.展开更多
A new Gd（Ⅱ） complex [Gd2（μ-phth）3（b-pd）（H2O）5], （phth = o-phthalato, b-pd = N,Nbipyridine） has been ＇synthesized by the reaction of GdO2 with o-phthalate, H2O and 2,2＇-bipyridine. The crystal structure h...A new Gd（Ⅱ） complex [Gd2（μ-phth）3（b-pd）（H2O）5], （phth = o-phthalato, b-pd = N,Nbipyridine） has been ＇synthesized by the reaction of GdO2 with o-phthalate, H2O and 2,2＇-bipyridine. The crystal structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of triclinic, space group P1^- with a = 11.82920（10）, b = 13.53550（10）, c = 13.7381（2）A^°, α= 88.99,β= 66.9120（10）, γ = 66.2370（10）°, V = 1826.02（3） ,A^°3, Dc= 1.915 g/cm^3, C34H30N2O17Gd2, Mr= 1053.10, F（000） = 1024,μ = 3.680 mm^-1, Z = 2, R = 0.0612 and wR = 0.1320 for 6259 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. In the title complex, the Gd（Ⅱ） ions are bridged by o-phthalate ligands in a bidentate mode, producing a 1D infinite chain structure. Each eight-coordinated Gd（Ⅱ） center is coordinated by eight oxygen atoms from phth to give a distorted dodecahedral geometry, and each nine-coordinated Gd（Ⅱ） center is coordinated by two N atoms from b-pd and seven oxygen atoms from phth to give a distorted geometry of capped square antiprism. The chains are linked by π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds between oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups and H2O molecules and hydrogen atoms of H2O, b-pd and o-phth molecules, forming an unusual three-dimensional coordination polymer.展开更多
The polymeric Co（Ⅱ） complex[Co（Hdhpc）（py）]n（1）（py = pyridine,H3dhpc =2,6-dihydroxypyridine-4-carboxyl acid） was prepared and characterized.X-ray diffraction data revealed that the compound crystallizes in d...The polymeric Co（Ⅱ） complex[Co（Hdhpc）（py）]n（1）（py = pyridine,H3dhpc =2,6-dihydroxypyridine-4-carboxyl acid） was prepared and characterized.X-ray diffraction data revealed that the compound crystallizes in dimorphic 1α and 1β forms at room and low temperature,respectively.The former crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system,space group Pbcm with a =7.209（1）,b = 14.834（3）,c = 15.376（3） A°,V= 1644.3（5）A°3,Z = 4,C（16）H（13）CoN3O4,Mr = 370.22,Dc= 1.496 g/cm^3,F（000） = 756,μ = 1.068 mm^-1,R = 0.0633 and wR = 0.1192.While 1β is attributed to the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 32.102（4）,b = 7.022,c = 14.945（2）A°,β = 109.052（5）°,V= 3184.4（6） A°3,Z= 8,Dc= 1.544 g/cm^3,F（000） = 1512,μ = 1.103 mm^-1,R = 0.0428 and wR =0.0797.The conformation changes of pyridines between Co-citrazinate planes leading to a reversible single-crystal to single-crystal transformation.The variable temperature magnetic data indicate a weak ferrimagnetism.展开更多
Exploring the factors to control Znsalen aggregation is of importance to design functional materials in catalysis, optical materials and biological imaging. In this work, we synthesized and characterized four cryptand...Exploring the factors to control Znsalen aggregation is of importance to design functional materials in catalysis, optical materials and biological imaging. In this work, we synthesized and characterized four cryptand type tri Znsalen complexes and found that cryptand structure could efficiently minimize intermolecular Zn…O interaction. More importantly, encapsulated by PLGA nanoparticles, cryptand tri Znsalen 1 displayed visible intracellular fluorescence whereas monomeric Znsalen 5 could not. These results provide a new access to design new luminescent materials with the potential application in optics and biological studies.展开更多
Dear Editor,Understanding the complex interactions between transcription factors(TFs)and DNA is crucial in various scientific fields,including genetics,molecular biology,and biochemistry.Current methodologies such as ...Dear Editor,Understanding the complex interactions between transcription factors(TFs)and DNA is crucial in various scientific fields,including genetics,molecular biology,and biochemistry.Current methodologies such as yeast one-hybrid,chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing,the firefly luciferase(Luc)reporter system,and DNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays often necessitate complicated procedures and costly chemicals(Ferraz et al.,2021).The adoption of the pigmentation-based reporter RUBY has facilitated the study of various plant signaling processes due to the easily observable nature of pigments(He et al.,2020).However,pigmentation-based assays lack sensitivity,and their high background limits broader applications.The recent discovery of the fungal Luc coding gene Luz in the bioluminescence pathway from the fungus Neonothopanus nambi offers new opportunities for enhancing reporter systems in transcriptional regulation assays(Kotlobay et al.,2018).The fungal bioluminescence pathway(FBP)is a cyclic metabolic route that involves the action of four enzymes:HispS,H3H,Luz,and CPH(Figure 1A).The pathway’s initial committed step utilizes caffeic acid as a substrate by the fungus HispS;NPGA from Aspergillus nidulans is capable of post-translationally modifying HispS.This modification enhances the activity of HispS,thereby increasing the intensity of FBP(Khakhar et al.,2020;Zheng et al.,2023;Shakhova et al.,2024).Notably,the synthesis pathway of caffeic acid has evolutionarily conserved homologs in plants(Supplemental Figure 1),suggesting that plant cells might independently utilize their own metabolic pool of caffeic acid to support the FBP without the need for additional substrate.This finding underscores the potential of FBP as a promising reporter for plant transcriptional regulation without substrate addition.展开更多
In recent years,the concept of“precision microbiome”has received a lot of attention from researchers.It involves the precise analysis and typing of microbiota in specific hosts(e.g.,humans or animals)using advanced ...In recent years,the concept of“precision microbiome”has received a lot of attention from researchers.It involves the precise analysis and typing of microbiota in specific hosts(e.g.,humans or animals)using advanced tools like high-throughput sequencing,genomics,and artificial intelligence(AI).These tools help explore the complex interactions between microbiota and hosts to provide more precise and personalized treatment strategies[1,2].With the maturation of omics technologies and data analysis techniques,the essential role of gut microbiota in immune system maturation,barrier function maintenance,and metabolic regulation has become increasingly recognized[3].However,the“hodgepodge”approach of traditional fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)cannot be appropriately controlled in clinical applications.This challenge has spurred the emergence of targeted interventions focused on specific functional core probiotics.Unlike traditional FMT,this approach aims to precisely identify and target microbial functional genes and metabolic pathways,selecting core probiotics for application,to improve host health and prevent or manage diseases[4].This article reviews the advantages and limitations of traditional FMT and core probiotic targeted therapy while exploring the future directions of precision microbiome research.展开更多
The Wnt signaling pathway is critically involved in orchestrating cellular functions such as proliferation,migration,survival,and cell fate determination during development.Given its pivotal role in cellular communica...The Wnt signaling pathway is critically involved in orchestrating cellular functions such as proliferation,migration,survival,and cell fate determination during development.Given its pivotal role in cellular communication,aberrant Wnt signaling has been extensively linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases.This review offers an in-depth analysis of the Wnt pathway,detailing its signal transduction mechanisms and principal components.Furthermore,the complex network of interactions between Wnt cascades and other key signaling pathways,such as Notch,Hedgehog,TGF-β,FGF,and NF-κB,is explored.Genetic mutations affecting the Wnt pathway play a pivotal role in disease progression,with particular emphasis on Wnt signaling’s involvement in cancer stem cell biology and the tumor microenvironment.Additionally,this review underscores the diverse mechanisms through which Wnt signaling contributes to diseases such as cardiovascular conditions,neurodegenerative disorders,metabolic syndromes,autoimmune diseases,and cancer.Finally,a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic progress targeting Wnt signaling was given,and the latest progress in disease treatment targeting key components of the Wnt signaling pathway was summarized in detail,including Wnt ligands/receptors,β-catenin destruction complexes,andβ-catenin/TCF transcription complexes.The development of small molecule inhibitors,monoclonal antibodies,and combination therapy strategies was emphasized,while the current potential therapeutic challenges were summarized.This aims to enhance the current understanding of this key pathway.展开更多
1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex...1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex and interactive process designs,modern plantwide systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated.The operation of these processes is typically characterized by the complexity of individual units(subsystems)and the intricate interactions between geographically distributed units through networks of material and energy flows,as well as control loops[1].展开更多
Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technol...Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.展开更多
The distance dynamics model is excellent tool for uncovering the community structure of a complex network. However, one issue that must be addressed by this model is its very long computation time in large-scale netwo...The distance dynamics model is excellent tool for uncovering the community structure of a complex network. However, one issue that must be addressed by this model is its very long computation time in large-scale networks. To identify the community structure of a large-scale network with high speed and high quality, in this paper, we propose a fast community detection algorithm, the F-Attractor, which is based on the distance dynamics model. The main contributions of the F-Attractor are as follows. First, we propose the use of two prejudgment rules from two different perspectives： node and edge. Based on these two rules, we develop a strategy of internal edge prejudgment for predicting the internal edges of the network. Internal edge prejudgment can reduce the number of edges and their neighbors that participate in the distance dynamics model. Second, we introduce a triangle distance to further enhance the speed of the interaction process in the distance dynamics model. This triangle distance uses two known distances to measure a third distance without any extra computation. We combine the above techniques to improve the distance dynamics model and then describe the community detection process of the F-Attractor. The results of an extensive series of experiments demonstrate that the F-Attractor offers high-speed community detection and high partition quality.展开更多
The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land sur...The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land surface are from China National Climate Center and that of ocean and sea ice are from LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A daily flux anomaly correction scheme is employed to couple the atmosphere model and the ocean model with the effect of inhomogenity of sea ice in high latitudes is considered. The coupled model system has been run for 50 yr and the results of the last 30 years are analyzed. After the sea level pressure （SLP）, surface air temperature （SAT）, sea surface temperature （SST）, sea ice concentration （SIC）, and sea surface sensible heat flux （SHF） are filtered with a digital filter firstly, their normalized anomalies are used to perform the decomposition of combined complex empirical orthogonal function （CCEOF） and then they are reconstructed with the leading mode. The atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interactions in high northern latitudes during a periodical cycle （approximately 4 yr） are analyzed. It is shown that： （1） When the North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） is in its positive phase, the southerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT increases, the sea loses less SHF, SST increases and SIC decreases accordingly; when the NAO is in its negative phase, the northerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT decreases, the sea loses more SHF, SST decreases and SIC increases accordingly. There are similar features in the Barents Sea, but the phase of evolution in the Barents Sea is different from that in the Greenland Sea. （2） For an average of multi-years, there is a cold center in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean near the North Pole. When there is an anomaly of low pressure, which is closer to the Pacific Ocean, in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, anomalies of warm advection appear in the region near the Pacific Ocean and anomalies of cold advection appear in the region near the Atlantic Ocean. Accompanying with these anomalies of warm and cold advection in these two regions~ warm and cold anomalies appear respectively. Accordingly, SHF sent to the atmosphere from the sea surface decreases and increases, and SST increases and decreases~ SIC decreases and increases in these two regions. When there is an anomaly of high pressure in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, the former relationships reverse. From these results~ it can be deduced that, during the interannual cycle of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system, the variability of large-scale atmospheric circulation plays a dominant role and variations of SST and SIC are mainly responding to that of atmospheric circulation.展开更多
Genome-Wide Association Studies（GWASs） aim to identify genetic variants that are associated with disease by assaying and analyzing hundreds of thousands of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms（SNPs）. Although tradition...Genome-Wide Association Studies（GWASs） aim to identify genetic variants that are associated with disease by assaying and analyzing hundreds of thousands of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms（SNPs）. Although traditional single-locus statistical approaches have been standardized and led to many interesting findings, a substantial number of recent GWASs indicate that for most disorders, the individual SNPs explain only a small fraction of the genetic causes. Consequently, exploring multi-SNPs interactions in the hope of discovering more significant associations has attracted more attentions. Due to the huge search space for complicated multilocus interactions, many fast and effective methods have recently been proposed for detecting disease-associated epistatic interactions using GWAS data. In this paper, we provide a critical review and comparison of eight popular methods, i.e., BOOST, TEAM, epi Forest, EDCF, SNPHarvester, epi MODE, MECPM, and MIC, which are used for detecting gene-gene interactions among genetic loci. In views of the assumption model on the data and searching strategies, we divide the methods into seven categories. Moreover, the evaluation methodologies,including detecting powers, disease models for simulation, resources of real GWAS data, and the control of false discover rate, are elaborated as references for new approach developers. At the end of the paper, we summarize the methods and discuss the future directions in genome-wide association studies for detecting epistatic interactions.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Y407301)
文摘Three novel rare earth complexes [N（CH 3） 4 ][Ln（NF） 4 ]·6H 2 O（Ln=Nd（III）（1）,Sm（III）（2）,Ho（III）（3）） were synthesized using hydrothermal method from norfloxacin HNF=1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-（1-piperazinyl）-3-quinoline carboxylic acid,C 16 H 18 FN 3 O 3）,imidazole and rare earth nitrates.The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis,FT-IR,TG-DTG and X-ray single crystal diffraction.Each rare earth ion was eight-coordinated with carboxyl-O atoms and keto-O atoms from norfloxacin.Four of the norfloxacin ions acted as bidentate chelate group took part in the coordination with rare earth ion.The structures of complexes were tetragonal system with space group I4 1 /acd,which were allomerism.The interaction between complex 1 and DNA was studied by electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence spectroscopy.The binding interaction between the complex 1 and bovine serum albumin（BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy.The complex 1 bound to DNA by the mode of partial intercalation.Complex 1 had a strong ability to quench the fluorescence from BSA.The complex interaction was mainly a static quenching process with BSA together with formation of two binding sites.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program(No.KJCX2-EW-H01)of Chinese Academy of SciencesNational Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21003125,21073190)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2010J05040,2010J01057)
文摘A new copper（II）-2,2＇-biimidazole metal-organic POMs-supported compound [Cu（H2biim）2]{[Cu（H2biim）212[H10W12O44]}＇8H2O （H2biim = 2,2＇-biimidazole） has been success- fully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and TG. The crystal adopts space group Pi with a = 11.800（2）, b = 13.437（3）, c = 13.685（3） A, V = 1922.5（7） A3, D,. = 3.507 g/cm3, C36H62Cu3N24W12O52, M,. = 4059.92, F（000） = 1837,μ = 18.796 mm-1, Z = 1, R = 0.0579 and wR = 0.1465 for 8734 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystallography analysis exhibits that the title compound consists of one [H10W12044]6- polyanion and three [Cu（H2biim）2] units. And significant π-π stacking interactions and intermolecular O-H-,.O or N-H.＇-O hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to a three-dimensional supramolecular framework. Thermal stability and magnetic property of the complex have also been investigated.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51473092)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.15QA1402500)
文摘In this study,a new twisting gold（Ⅰ） isocyanide complex based on tetraphenylethene（TPE）,TPE-NC-Au.was designed and synthesized.It exhibits aggregation induced phosphorescence（AIP） characteristics,owing to the incorporation of Au moiety and conformation rigidification in the aggregated states.Moreover,the emission color of the crystalline solid of TPE-NC-Au changes from blue（454 nm） to green（500 nm） in response to mechanical grinding,due to the combined effects of conformation planarization,enhanced π…π stacking,as well as the emergence of aurophilic interactions in the ground amorphous state.Notably,the emission color can be restored upon solvent fuming,associating with the reconstruction of crystalline lattices.The AIP and switchable mechanochromism of TPE-NC-Au make it suitable for potential applications in bioimaging,sensing,and optoelectronic devices.
基金The project suported partially by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The reflection and diffraction of a planar shock wave around a circular cylinder are a typical problem of the complex nonlinear shock wave phenomena in literature.It has long been studied experimentally,analytically as well as numerically.Takayama in 1987 obtained clear experimental pictures ofisopycnics in shock tube under the condi- tion that the impinging shock wave propagates as far as 3 diameters away from the cylinder.To know more complete- ly the whole unsteady process,it is desirable to get experimental results in a region which is more than 10 diameters away from the cylinder.This is what has been done in this paper by using the pulsed laser holographic interferometry for several shock Mach numbers of the impinging shock. Results for several moments are shown,giving more know- ledge about the whole unsteady flow field.This is useful for a reliable and complete understanding of the changing force acting on the cylinder,and provides interesting data to check the performance of many recently developed high resolution numerical methods for unsteady shock wave calculation.
基金Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(C2021403002)Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure,China(XTZX202115)Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Water Environment Science(HBSHJ202109)。
文摘Metal-based compounds are promising adsorbents for phosphate.A novel dual metal-organic framework as an effective adsorbent for phosphate was synthesized by a solvothermal method.The structure analysis revealed that the as-prepared adsorbent(denoted as MIL-101(Fe/Zr))possessed a porous polyhedral structure with a large specific surface area of 479.1 m^(2)/g and a pore width of 3.4 nm.The X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectra suggested that the MIL-101(Fe/Zr)shared a similar structure with MIL-101(Fe),implying successful incorporation of Zr atoms as a second metal into the MIL-101(Fe)structure.Kinetic adsorption of PO_(4)^(3-)by MIL-101(Fe/Zr)conformed to the pseudo-second-order model and intraparticle diffusion model,while adsorption isotherm fitted the Freundlich model well(R^(2)=0.9785).It is suggested that such an adsorption belonged to multiply-layer adsorption.The adsorption capacity of MIL-101(Fe/Zr)was to be 66.00 mg/g.MIL-101(Fe/Zr)performed well at a wide range of pH 2.0~10.0 and high ionic strength(0~40 mg/L NaCl).A structural analysis indicated that the complexation interaction was mainly responsible for PO_(4)^(3-)adsorption.These findings can inspire preparation of other dual metal MOFs adsorbent for phosphate removal and recovery from water.
文摘A fluid-structure interaction system subject to Sommerfeld＇s condition is defined as a Sommerfeld system which is divided into three categories： Fluid Sommerfeld （FS） System, Solid Sommerfeld （SS） System and Fluid Solid Sommerfeld （FSS） System of which Sommerfeld conditions are imposed on a fluid boundary only, a solid boundary only and both fluid and solid boundaries, respectively. This paper follows the previous initial results claimed by simple examples to further mathematically investigate the natural vibrations of generalized Sommerfeld systems. A new parameter representing the speed of radiation wave for generalized 3-D problems with more complicated boundary conditions is introduced into the Sommerfeld condition which allows investigation of the natural vibrations of a Sommerfeld system involving both free surface and compressible waves. The mathematical demonstrations and selected examples confirm and reveal the natural behaviour of generalized Sommerfeld systems defined above. These generalized conclusions can be used in theoretical or engineering analysis of the vibrations of various Sommerfeld systems in engineering.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (20472085)
文摘A new Gd（Ⅱ） complex [Gd2（μ-phth）3（b-pd）（H2O）5], （phth = o-phthalato, b-pd = N,Nbipyridine） has been ＇synthesized by the reaction of GdO2 with o-phthalate, H2O and 2,2＇-bipyridine. The crystal structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of triclinic, space group P1^- with a = 11.82920（10）, b = 13.53550（10）, c = 13.7381（2）A^°, α= 88.99,β= 66.9120（10）, γ = 66.2370（10）°, V = 1826.02（3） ,A^°3, Dc= 1.915 g/cm^3, C34H30N2O17Gd2, Mr= 1053.10, F（000） = 1024,μ = 3.680 mm^-1, Z = 2, R = 0.0612 and wR = 0.1320 for 6259 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. In the title complex, the Gd（Ⅱ） ions are bridged by o-phthalate ligands in a bidentate mode, producing a 1D infinite chain structure. Each eight-coordinated Gd（Ⅱ） center is coordinated by eight oxygen atoms from phth to give a distorted dodecahedral geometry, and each nine-coordinated Gd（Ⅱ） center is coordinated by two N atoms from b-pd and seven oxygen atoms from phth to give a distorted geometry of capped square antiprism. The chains are linked by π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds between oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups and H2O molecules and hydrogen atoms of H2O, b-pd and o-phth molecules, forming an unusual three-dimensional coordination polymer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21173074,J1210040 and J1103312)
文摘The polymeric Co（Ⅱ） complex[Co（Hdhpc）（py）]n（1）（py = pyridine,H3dhpc =2,6-dihydroxypyridine-4-carboxyl acid） was prepared and characterized.X-ray diffraction data revealed that the compound crystallizes in dimorphic 1α and 1β forms at room and low temperature,respectively.The former crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system,space group Pbcm with a =7.209（1）,b = 14.834（3）,c = 15.376（3） A°,V= 1644.3（5）A°3,Z = 4,C（16）H（13）CoN3O4,Mr = 370.22,Dc= 1.496 g/cm^3,F（000） = 756,μ = 1.068 mm^-1,R = 0.0633 and wR = 0.1192.While 1β is attributed to the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 32.102（4）,b = 7.022,c = 14.945（2）A°,β = 109.052（5）°,V= 3184.4（6） A°3,Z= 8,Dc= 1.544 g/cm^3,F（000） = 1512,μ = 1.103 mm^-1,R = 0.0428 and wR =0.0797.The conformation changes of pyridines between Co-citrazinate planes leading to a reversible single-crystal to single-crystal transformation.The variable temperature magnetic data indicate a weak ferrimagnetism.
基金supported by the National Scientific Foundation of China(No.20971007)National Key Basic Research Support Foundation of China(NKBRSFC)(Nos.2013CB933402,2015CB856300)
文摘Exploring the factors to control Znsalen aggregation is of importance to design functional materials in catalysis, optical materials and biological imaging. In this work, we synthesized and characterized four cryptand type tri Znsalen complexes and found that cryptand structure could efficiently minimize intermolecular Zn…O interaction. More importantly, encapsulated by PLGA nanoparticles, cryptand tri Znsalen 1 displayed visible intracellular fluorescence whereas monomeric Znsalen 5 could not. These results provide a new access to design new luminescent materials with the potential application in optics and biological studies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32470288)the Zhejiang University Global Partnership Fund.
文摘Dear Editor,Understanding the complex interactions between transcription factors(TFs)and DNA is crucial in various scientific fields,including genetics,molecular biology,and biochemistry.Current methodologies such as yeast one-hybrid,chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing,the firefly luciferase(Luc)reporter system,and DNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays often necessitate complicated procedures and costly chemicals(Ferraz et al.,2021).The adoption of the pigmentation-based reporter RUBY has facilitated the study of various plant signaling processes due to the easily observable nature of pigments(He et al.,2020).However,pigmentation-based assays lack sensitivity,and their high background limits broader applications.The recent discovery of the fungal Luc coding gene Luz in the bioluminescence pathway from the fungus Neonothopanus nambi offers new opportunities for enhancing reporter systems in transcriptional regulation assays(Kotlobay et al.,2018).The fungal bioluminescence pathway(FBP)is a cyclic metabolic route that involves the action of four enzymes:HispS,H3H,Luz,and CPH(Figure 1A).The pathway’s initial committed step utilizes caffeic acid as a substrate by the fungus HispS;NPGA from Aspergillus nidulans is capable of post-translationally modifying HispS.This modification enhances the activity of HispS,thereby increasing the intensity of FBP(Khakhar et al.,2020;Zheng et al.,2023;Shakhova et al.,2024).Notably,the synthesis pathway of caffeic acid has evolutionarily conserved homologs in plants(Supplemental Figure 1),suggesting that plant cells might independently utilize their own metabolic pool of caffeic acid to support the FBP without the need for additional substrate.This finding underscores the potential of FBP as a promising reporter for plant transcriptional regulation without substrate addition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant 82300345)National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2023-GSP-QN-23,China)。
文摘In recent years,the concept of“precision microbiome”has received a lot of attention from researchers.It involves the precise analysis and typing of microbiota in specific hosts(e.g.,humans or animals)using advanced tools like high-throughput sequencing,genomics,and artificial intelligence(AI).These tools help explore the complex interactions between microbiota and hosts to provide more precise and personalized treatment strategies[1,2].With the maturation of omics technologies and data analysis techniques,the essential role of gut microbiota in immune system maturation,barrier function maintenance,and metabolic regulation has become increasingly recognized[3].However,the“hodgepodge”approach of traditional fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)cannot be appropriately controlled in clinical applications.This challenge has spurred the emergence of targeted interventions focused on specific functional core probiotics.Unlike traditional FMT,this approach aims to precisely identify and target microbial functional genes and metabolic pathways,selecting core probiotics for application,to improve host health and prevent or manage diseases[4].This article reviews the advantages and limitations of traditional FMT and core probiotic targeted therapy while exploring the future directions of precision microbiome research.
基金supported by the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine(SKLID2024KF01).
文摘The Wnt signaling pathway is critically involved in orchestrating cellular functions such as proliferation,migration,survival,and cell fate determination during development.Given its pivotal role in cellular communication,aberrant Wnt signaling has been extensively linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases.This review offers an in-depth analysis of the Wnt pathway,detailing its signal transduction mechanisms and principal components.Furthermore,the complex network of interactions between Wnt cascades and other key signaling pathways,such as Notch,Hedgehog,TGF-β,FGF,and NF-κB,is explored.Genetic mutations affecting the Wnt pathway play a pivotal role in disease progression,with particular emphasis on Wnt signaling’s involvement in cancer stem cell biology and the tumor microenvironment.Additionally,this review underscores the diverse mechanisms through which Wnt signaling contributes to diseases such as cardiovascular conditions,neurodegenerative disorders,metabolic syndromes,autoimmune diseases,and cancer.Finally,a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic progress targeting Wnt signaling was given,and the latest progress in disease treatment targeting key components of the Wnt signaling pathway was summarized in detail,including Wnt ligands/receptors,β-catenin destruction complexes,andβ-catenin/TCF transcription complexes.The development of small molecule inhibitors,monoclonal antibodies,and combination therapy strategies was emphasized,while the current potential therapeutic challenges were summarized.This aims to enhance the current understanding of this key pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62103283)the Australia Research Council’s Discovery Pro-jects Scheme(DP220100355).
文摘1.Background In the chemical industry,process plants-commonly referred to as plantwide systems-typically consist of many process units(unit operations).Driven by the considerable economic efficiency offered by complex and interactive process designs,modern plantwide systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated.The operation of these processes is typically characterized by the complexity of individual units(subsystems)and the intricate interactions between geographically distributed units through networks of material and energy flows,as well as control loops[1].
基金supported by the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(Grant No.A2303049)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2023A1515010647)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22004135)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCBS20210706092409020,GXWD20201231165807008,20200824162253002).
文摘Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61573299,61174140,61472127,and 61272395)the Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.16ZDA07)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2013M540628and 2014T70767)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.14JJ3107 and 2017JJ5064)the Excellent Youth Scholars Project of Hunan Province(No.15B087)
文摘The distance dynamics model is excellent tool for uncovering the community structure of a complex network. However, one issue that must be addressed by this model is its very long computation time in large-scale networks. To identify the community structure of a large-scale network with high speed and high quality, in this paper, we propose a fast community detection algorithm, the F-Attractor, which is based on the distance dynamics model. The main contributions of the F-Attractor are as follows. First, we propose the use of two prejudgment rules from two different perspectives： node and edge. Based on these two rules, we develop a strategy of internal edge prejudgment for predicting the internal edges of the network. Internal edge prejudgment can reduce the number of edges and their neighbors that participate in the distance dynamics model. Second, we introduce a triangle distance to further enhance the speed of the interaction process in the distance dynamics model. This triangle distance uses two known distances to measure a third distance without any extra computation. We combine the above techniques to improve the distance dynamics model and then describe the community detection process of the F-Attractor. The results of an extensive series of experiments demonstrate that the F-Attractor offers high-speed community detection and high partition quality.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.40675065the National Basic Research Priorities Program of China under Grant No.2005CB32170X.
文摘The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land surface are from China National Climate Center and that of ocean and sea ice are from LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A daily flux anomaly correction scheme is employed to couple the atmosphere model and the ocean model with the effect of inhomogenity of sea ice in high latitudes is considered. The coupled model system has been run for 50 yr and the results of the last 30 years are analyzed. After the sea level pressure （SLP）, surface air temperature （SAT）, sea surface temperature （SST）, sea ice concentration （SIC）, and sea surface sensible heat flux （SHF） are filtered with a digital filter firstly, their normalized anomalies are used to perform the decomposition of combined complex empirical orthogonal function （CCEOF） and then they are reconstructed with the leading mode. The atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interactions in high northern latitudes during a periodical cycle （approximately 4 yr） are analyzed. It is shown that： （1） When the North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） is in its positive phase, the southerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT increases, the sea loses less SHF, SST increases and SIC decreases accordingly; when the NAO is in its negative phase, the northerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT decreases, the sea loses more SHF, SST decreases and SIC increases accordingly. There are similar features in the Barents Sea, but the phase of evolution in the Barents Sea is different from that in the Greenland Sea. （2） For an average of multi-years, there is a cold center in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean near the North Pole. When there is an anomaly of low pressure, which is closer to the Pacific Ocean, in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, anomalies of warm advection appear in the region near the Pacific Ocean and anomalies of cold advection appear in the region near the Atlantic Ocean. Accompanying with these anomalies of warm and cold advection in these two regions~ warm and cold anomalies appear respectively. Accordingly, SHF sent to the atmosphere from the sea surface decreases and increases, and SST increases and decreases~ SIC decreases and increases in these two regions. When there is an anomaly of high pressure in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, the former relationships reverse. From these results~ it can be deduced that, during the interannual cycle of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system, the variability of large-scale atmospheric circulation plays a dominant role and variations of SST and SIC are mainly responding to that of atmospheric circulation.
基金supported by the Molecular Basis of Disease (MBD) program at Georgia State Universitysupported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61379108 and 61232001)
文摘Genome-Wide Association Studies（GWASs） aim to identify genetic variants that are associated with disease by assaying and analyzing hundreds of thousands of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms（SNPs）. Although traditional single-locus statistical approaches have been standardized and led to many interesting findings, a substantial number of recent GWASs indicate that for most disorders, the individual SNPs explain only a small fraction of the genetic causes. Consequently, exploring multi-SNPs interactions in the hope of discovering more significant associations has attracted more attentions. Due to the huge search space for complicated multilocus interactions, many fast and effective methods have recently been proposed for detecting disease-associated epistatic interactions using GWAS data. In this paper, we provide a critical review and comparison of eight popular methods, i.e., BOOST, TEAM, epi Forest, EDCF, SNPHarvester, epi MODE, MECPM, and MIC, which are used for detecting gene-gene interactions among genetic loci. In views of the assumption model on the data and searching strategies, we divide the methods into seven categories. Moreover, the evaluation methodologies,including detecting powers, disease models for simulation, resources of real GWAS data, and the control of false discover rate, are elaborated as references for new approach developers. At the end of the paper, we summarize the methods and discuss the future directions in genome-wide association studies for detecting epistatic interactions.
