In this paper,we use a Tsallis holographic dark energy model in two forms,interacting and noninteracting cases,to acquire some parameters as the equation of state for the energy density of the Tsallis model in the FRW...In this paper,we use a Tsallis holographic dark energy model in two forms,interacting and noninteracting cases,to acquire some parameters as the equation of state for the energy density of the Tsallis model in the FRW Universe concerning the complex form of quintessence model.We will study the cosmology of complex quintessence by revamping the potential and investigating the scalar field dynamics.Then we analyze(w-w’)and stability in two cases,i.e.noninteracting and interacting.We will explore whether these cases describe a real Universe by calculating fractional energy densityΩ_(D)and concerning two parts of the quintessence field effect(complex and real part)by considering the real part of this field to be a slow-roll field.We know that the part in which the fractional energy density(Ω_(D)>1)does not describe a real Universe.Also,we specified an interacting coupling parameter b2that depends on the constant parameter of the Tsallis holographic model(δ)with respect to fractional energy density(0.73).Unlike independence between the fractional energy density and interacting coupling in the real quintessence model,we determine a relationship among these parameters in this theory.Finally,by plotting some figures,we specify the features of(w-w’)and(ν^(2)_(s))in two cases and compare the result with each other.展开更多
A submanifold in a complex space form is called slant if it has constant Wirtinger angles. B. Y. Chen and Y. Tazawa proved that there do not exist minimal proper slant surfaces in CP2 and CH2. So it seems that the sla...A submanifold in a complex space form is called slant if it has constant Wirtinger angles. B. Y. Chen and Y. Tazawa proved that there do not exist minimal proper slant surfaces in CP2 and CH2. So it seems that the slant immersion has some interesting properties. The authors have great interest to consider slant immersions satisfying some additional conditions, such as unfull first normal bundles or Chen’s equality holding. They prove that there do not exist n-dimensional Kaehlerian slant immersions in CPn and CHn with unfull first normal bundles. Next, it is seen that every Kaehlerian slant submanifold satisfying an equality of Chen is minimal which is similar to that of Lagrangian immersions. But in contrast, it is shown that a large class of slant immersions do not exist thoroughly. Finally, they give an application of Chen’s inequality to general slant immersions in a complex projective space, which generalizes a result of Chen.展开更多
Complexity phenomena like dynamic and static patterns, order from disorder, chaos and catastrophe were simulated by the application of 2-D reaction-diffusion CNN of two state variables and two diffusion coefficients t...Complexity phenomena like dynamic and static patterns, order from disorder, chaos and catastrophe were simulated by the application of 2-D reaction-diffusion CNN of two state variables and two diffusion coefficients transformed from Zhabotinksii model. They revealed somehow the mechanism of hydrothermal ore-forming processes, and answered several questions about the onset of ore forming.展开更多
The Koppelman-Leray formula on complex manifolds is obtained, and under suitable condition the continuous solution of partial derivative-equation on complex manifolds is obtained.
This paper puts forward a complex inner product averaging method for calculating normal form of ODE. Compared with conventional averaging method, the theoretic analytical process has such simple forms as to realize co...This paper puts forward a complex inner product averaging method for calculating normal form of ODE. Compared with conventional averaging method, the theoretic analytical process has such simple forms as to realize computer program easily. Results can be applied in both autonomous and non-autonomous systems. At last, an example is resolved to verify the method.展开更多
In this paper, we obtain Chen＇s inequalities for totally real submanifolds in complex space forms with a semi-symmetric metric connection. Also, some results of A. Mihai and C. Ozgiir＇s paper have been modified.
We concentrate on using the traceless Ricci tensor and the Bochner curvature tensor to study the rigidity problems for complete K?hler manifolds. We derive some elliptic differential inequalities from Weitzenb?ck form...We concentrate on using the traceless Ricci tensor and the Bochner curvature tensor to study the rigidity problems for complete K?hler manifolds. We derive some elliptic differential inequalities from Weitzenb?ck formulas for the traceless Ricci tensor of K?hler manifolds with constant scalar curvature and the Bochner tensor of K?hler-Einstein manifolds respectively. Using elliptic estimates and maximum principle, several L^p and L~∞ pinching results are established to characterize K?hler-Einstein manifolds among K?hler manifolds with constant scalar curvature and complex space forms among K?hler-Einstein manifolds.Our results can be regarded as a complex analogues to the rigidity results for Riemannian manifolds. Moreover, our main results especially establish the rigidity theorems for complete noncompact K?hler manifolds and noncompact K?hler-Einstein manifolds under some pointwise pinching conditions or global integral pinching conditions. To the best of our knowledge,these kinds of results have not been reported.展开更多
The solid form of drugs plays a central role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of drugs,and new solid forms will provide more options to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles of drugs.Recently,certa...The solid form of drugs plays a central role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of drugs,and new solid forms will provide more options to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles of drugs.Recently,certain drugs have been found to form crystalline inclusion complexes（ICs） with multiple types of linear polymers,representing a new subcategory of pharmaceutical solids.In this study,we used diflunisal（DIF） as the model drug host and extended the vip of drug/polymer ICs from homopolymers to block copolymers of poly（ethylene glycol）（PEG） and poly（s-caprolactone）（PCL）.The block length in the vip copolymers showed a significant influence on the formation,thermal stability and dissolution behavior of the DIF ICs.Though the PEG block could hardly be included alone,it could indeed be included in the DIF ICs when the PCL block was long enough.The increase of the PCL block length produced IC crystals with improved thermal stability.The dissolution profiles of DIF/block copolymer ICs exhibited gradually decreased aqueous solubility and dissolution rate with the increasing PCL block length.These results demonstrate the possibility of using drug/polymer ICs to modulate the desired pharmaceutical profiles of drugs in a predictable and controllable manner.展开更多
Let M be a real hypersurface of a complex space form with almost contact metric structure (φ,ξ,η,g). In this paper, we prove that if the structure Jacobi operator Rξ=(·,ξ) ξ is φ▽ξξ-parallel and Rξ com...Let M be a real hypersurface of a complex space form with almost contact metric structure (φ,ξ,η,g). In this paper, we prove that if the structure Jacobi operator Rξ=(·,ξ) ξ is φ▽ξξ-parallel and Rξ commute with the shape operator, then M is a Hopf hypersurface. Further, if Rξ is φ▽ξξ-parallel and Rξ commute with the Ricci tensor, then M is also a Hopf hypersurface provided that TrRξ is constant.展开更多
The solid forms of drugs play a central role in controlling their physicochemical properties and consequently the bioavailability. Multiple types of drug solid forms have been developed to achieve the desirable pharma...The solid forms of drugs play a central role in controlling their physicochemical properties and consequently the bioavailability. Multiple types of drug solid forms have been developed to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles, but new solid forms will provide more options for the solid-state property optimization and hence are highly desirable. This review focuses on a new pharmaceutical solid form, drug-polymer inclusion complexes （ICs）, and summarizes their structural features, structure- property relationships, as well as potential pharmaceutical applications展开更多
In the article, we discuss basic concepts of the residue theory of logarithmic and multi-logarithmic differential forms, and describe some aspects of the theory, de-veloped by the author in the past few years. In part...In the article, we discuss basic concepts of the residue theory of logarithmic and multi-logarithmic differential forms, and describe some aspects of the theory, de-veloped by the author in the past few years. In particular, we introduce the notion of logarithmic differential forms with the use of the classical de Rham lemma and give an explicit description of regular meromorphic differential forms in terms of residues of logarithmic or multi-logarithmic differential forms with respect to hypersurfaces, com-plete intersections or pure-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay spaces. Among other things, several useful applications are considered, which are related with the theory of holo-nomic D-modules, the theory of Hodge structures, the theory of residual currents and others.展开更多
New objects characterizing the structure of complex linear transformations areintroduced. These new objects yield a new result for the decomposition of complexvector spaces relative to complex lrnear transformations a...New objects characterizing the structure of complex linear transformations areintroduced. These new objects yield a new result for the decomposition of complexvector spaces relative to complex lrnear transformations and provide all Jordan basesby which the Jordan canonical form is constructed. Accordingly, they can result in thecelebrated Jordan theorem and the third decomposition theorem of space directly. and,moreover, they can give a new deep insight into the exquisite and subtle structure ofthe Jordan form. The latter indicates that the Jordan canonical form of a complexlinear transformation is an invariant structure associated with double arbitrary. choices.展开更多
A formula was proposed to calculate the distribution of metal ions quantitatively in chemical reaction system forming hydroxide where precipitation and complex are formed together. The effects of some factors on forma...A formula was proposed to calculate the distribution of metal ions quantitatively in chemical reaction system forming hydroxide where precipitation and complex are formed together. The effects of some factors on formation of precipitation and complex were investigated, and the corresponding precipitation rates of zinc, iron （III）, aluminum, copper and magnesium were calculated. As a result, it shows that the proposed formula is reliable. By the proposed formula, the existence state of metal ions in hydroxides reaction system with any metal ions can be well described and the effects of some factors on the distribution of metal ions were determined.展开更多
Mn18Cr18N, the high-nitrogen steel, is the 2nd generation material for manufacturing the retaining ring of firepower generators. In this paper, the hot deformation behavior of the material was investigated by thermo-m...Mn18Cr18N, the high-nitrogen steel, is the 2nd generation material for manufacturing the retaining ring of firepower generators. In this paper, the hot deformation behavior of the material was investigated by thermo-mechanical modeling tests. And the flow stress curves of the steel were obtained for various combinations of the temperature and strain rate. Based on the results of the tests, the complex forming process of a retaining ring including punching, expanding and extrusion with an enclosure was put forward and simulated by means of numerical simulation method. The results indicate that the process is a novel and force-saved practical technology for manufacturing heavy retaining rings.展开更多
Relatively to non-traditional and high-energy-beam micro-manufacturing technique, the micro-cutting technology has many merits. For instance, the machining range is bigger, the cost of equipments is much lower, and th...Relatively to non-traditional and high-energy-beam micro-manufacturing technique, the micro-cutting technology has many merits. For instance, the machining range is bigger, the cost of equipments is much lower, and the productivity and machining accuracy are higher. Therefore, the micro-cutting technology will take an important effect on the machining technique of complex shape microparts. In this paper, based on selfly-developed machine tool, the precision cutting technology of complex shape microparts made of metal material was studied by analyzing the modeling method on complex shape, the means of toolpaths layout and the optimal selection for cutting parameters. On the basis of above work, a typical duralumin specimen of high precision, low surface roughness and complex shape micropart was manufactured. This result will provide favorable technical support for farther research on the micro-cutting technology.展开更多
The ＂theory of self-similar oscillatory finite-time singularities＂ of Sornette reflects accurately the spatio-temporal evolution and trends of development of events and processes in complex systems approaching to th...The ＂theory of self-similar oscillatory finite-time singularities＂ of Sornette reflects accurately the spatio-temporal evolution and trends of development of events and processes in complex systems approaching to the singularities, and the effect of prediction for catastrophic events has been tested to be satisfactory. The authors take the contents of the chemical element tungsten as the carrier of positive feedback （or activator） in the ore formation, then try to apply the theory to studying and analyzing the onset and development of ore formation in the Dajishan （大吉山） tungsten ore area, Jiangxi （江西） Province, China. The results of the study show that during the spatio-temporal evolution from outside the ore area to its center, the contents of the chemical element tungsten and their loga- rithmic derivatives （local fractal dimension） manifest an obvious regularity： by way of the process of oscillation and the transition to power-law accelerating growth, they eventually approach the center of ore formation. The regularity makes clear that in the complex ore-forming system of the Dajishan tungsten ore deposit, the chemical element tungsten plays the role of carrier of positive and negative feedback, and by competing with each other, approaches to singularity in finite time by virtue of self-similar log-periodic oscillations and succeeded by power-law accelerating growth. In this way the onset of ore formation is realized. This regularity reflects correctly the dynamic process of ore formation of the studied ore deposit. The authors hold that Sornette＇s theory can be further applied to the prediction of perspective areas.展开更多
In this paper, we first introduce a concept of companion vector, and studythe Jordan canonical forms of quaternion matrices by using the methods of complex representation and companion vector, not only give out a prac...In this paper, we first introduce a concept of companion vector, and studythe Jordan canonical forms of quaternion matrices by using the methods of complex representation and companion vector, not only give out a practical algorithm for Jordancanonical form J of a quaternion matrix A, but also provide a practical algorithm forcorresponding nonsingular matrix P with P- 1 AP = J.展开更多
The Au\|SiO\-2 and Sn\|SiO\-2 complexes have been experimentally calibrated at varying temperature, silica concentration and pH: Au\+++H\-3SiO\+-\-4AuH\-3SiO\-4lgK=-1.65436+9611.21/T Sn\+\{4+\}+4H\-3SiO\+-\-4Sn(H\-3Si...The Au\|SiO\-2 and Sn\|SiO\-2 complexes have been experimentally calibrated at varying temperature, silica concentration and pH: Au\+++H\-3SiO\+-\-4AuH\-3SiO\-4lgK=-1.65436+9611.21/T Sn\+\{4+\}+4H\-3SiO\+-\-4Sn(H\-3SiO\-4)\-4lgK\-\{200℃\}=42.73Compared with Au\|Cl, Au\|HS and Sn\|OH complexes, AuH\-3SiO\-4 and Sn(H\-3SiO\-4)\-4 complexes can be recognized as the dominant transport forms in Si\|bearing solutions under pH and Eh conditions of general interest. The decrease of SiO\-2 concentration and oxygen fugacity would reverse the direction of dissolution\|complexing reactions, resulting in the precipitation of gold and silica, as well as cassiterite and silica. This study illustrates the significance of SiO\-2\|complexation in hydrothermal solutions for gold, tin and other metallizations.展开更多
文摘In this paper,we use a Tsallis holographic dark energy model in two forms,interacting and noninteracting cases,to acquire some parameters as the equation of state for the energy density of the Tsallis model in the FRW Universe concerning the complex form of quintessence model.We will study the cosmology of complex quintessence by revamping the potential and investigating the scalar field dynamics.Then we analyze(w-w’)and stability in two cases,i.e.noninteracting and interacting.We will explore whether these cases describe a real Universe by calculating fractional energy densityΩ_(D)and concerning two parts of the quintessence field effect(complex and real part)by considering the real part of this field to be a slow-roll field.We know that the part in which the fractional energy density(Ω_(D)>1)does not describe a real Universe.Also,we specified an interacting coupling parameter b2that depends on the constant parameter of the Tsallis holographic model(δ)with respect to fractional energy density(0.73).Unlike independence between the fractional energy density and interacting coupling in the real quintessence model,we determine a relationship among these parameters in this theory.Finally,by plotting some figures,we specify the features of(w-w’)and(ν^(2)_(s))in two cases and compare the result with each other.
基金This project is supported by the NSFC(10271041)Tianyuan Youth Foundation of Mathematics.
文摘A submanifold in a complex space form is called slant if it has constant Wirtinger angles. B. Y. Chen and Y. Tazawa proved that there do not exist minimal proper slant surfaces in CP2 and CH2. So it seems that the slant immersion has some interesting properties. The authors have great interest to consider slant immersions satisfying some additional conditions, such as unfull first normal bundles or Chen’s equality holding. They prove that there do not exist n-dimensional Kaehlerian slant immersions in CPn and CHn with unfull first normal bundles. Next, it is seen that every Kaehlerian slant submanifold satisfying an equality of Chen is minimal which is similar to that of Lagrangian immersions. But in contrast, it is shown that a large class of slant immersions do not exist thoroughly. Finally, they give an application of Chen’s inequality to general slant immersions in a complex projective space, which generalizes a result of Chen.
文摘Complexity phenomena like dynamic and static patterns, order from disorder, chaos and catastrophe were simulated by the application of 2-D reaction-diffusion CNN of two state variables and two diffusion coefficients transformed from Zhabotinksii model. They revealed somehow the mechanism of hydrothermal ore-forming processes, and answered several questions about the onset of ore forming.
文摘The Koppelman-Leray formula on complex manifolds is obtained, and under suitable condition the continuous solution of partial derivative-equation on complex manifolds is obtained.
文摘This paper puts forward a complex inner product averaging method for calculating normal form of ODE. Compared with conventional averaging method, the theoretic analytical process has such simple forms as to realize computer program easily. Results can be applied in both autonomous and non-autonomous systems. At last, an example is resolved to verify the method.
基金the Foundation for Excellent Young Talents of Higher Education of Anhui Province(GrantNo.2011SQRL021ZD)
文摘In this paper, we obtain Chen＇s inequalities for totally real submanifolds in complex space forms with a semi-symmetric metric connection. Also, some results of A. Mihai and C. Ozgiir＇s paper have been modified.
基金supported by the Foundation for training Young Teachers in University of Shanghai(ZZegd16003)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11271071,11771087)LMNS,Fudan University
文摘We concentrate on using the traceless Ricci tensor and the Bochner curvature tensor to study the rigidity problems for complete K?hler manifolds. We derive some elliptic differential inequalities from Weitzenb?ck formulas for the traceless Ricci tensor of K?hler manifolds with constant scalar curvature and the Bochner tensor of K?hler-Einstein manifolds respectively. Using elliptic estimates and maximum principle, several L^p and L~∞ pinching results are established to characterize K?hler-Einstein manifolds among K?hler manifolds with constant scalar curvature and complex space forms among K?hler-Einstein manifolds.Our results can be regarded as a complex analogues to the rigidity results for Riemannian manifolds. Moreover, our main results especially establish the rigidity theorems for complete noncompact K?hler manifolds and noncompact K?hler-Einstein manifolds under some pointwise pinching conditions or global integral pinching conditions. To the best of our knowledge,these kinds of results have not been reported.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21434008,21374054)National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2014CB932202)
文摘The solid form of drugs plays a central role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of drugs,and new solid forms will provide more options to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles of drugs.Recently,certain drugs have been found to form crystalline inclusion complexes（ICs） with multiple types of linear polymers,representing a new subcategory of pharmaceutical solids.In this study,we used diflunisal（DIF） as the model drug host and extended the vip of drug/polymer ICs from homopolymers to block copolymers of poly（ethylene glycol）（PEG） and poly（s-caprolactone）（PCL）.The block length in the vip copolymers showed a significant influence on the formation,thermal stability and dissolution behavior of the DIF ICs.Though the PEG block could hardly be included alone,it could indeed be included in the DIF ICs when the PCL block was long enough.The increase of the PCL block length produced IC crystals with improved thermal stability.The dissolution profiles of DIF/block copolymer ICs exhibited gradually decreased aqueous solubility and dissolution rate with the increasing PCL block length.These results demonstrate the possibility of using drug/polymer ICs to modulate the desired pharmaceutical profiles of drugs in a predictable and controllable manner.
文摘Let M be a real hypersurface of a complex space form with almost contact metric structure (φ,ξ,η,g). In this paper, we prove that if the structure Jacobi operator Rξ=(·,ξ) ξ is φ▽ξξ-parallel and Rξ commute with the shape operator, then M is a Hopf hypersurface. Further, if Rξ is φ▽ξξ-parallel and Rξ commute with the Ricci tensor, then M is also a Hopf hypersurface provided that TrRξ is constant.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21434008)
文摘The solid forms of drugs play a central role in controlling their physicochemical properties and consequently the bioavailability. Multiple types of drug solid forms have been developed to achieve the desirable pharmaceutical profiles, but new solid forms will provide more options for the solid-state property optimization and hence are highly desirable. This review focuses on a new pharmaceutical solid form, drug-polymer inclusion complexes （ICs）, and summarizes their structural features, structure- property relationships, as well as potential pharmaceutical applications
文摘In the article, we discuss basic concepts of the residue theory of logarithmic and multi-logarithmic differential forms, and describe some aspects of the theory, de-veloped by the author in the past few years. In particular, we introduce the notion of logarithmic differential forms with the use of the classical de Rham lemma and give an explicit description of regular meromorphic differential forms in terms of residues of logarithmic or multi-logarithmic differential forms with respect to hypersurfaces, com-plete intersections or pure-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay spaces. Among other things, several useful applications are considered, which are related with the theory of holo-nomic D-modules, the theory of Hodge structures, the theory of residual currents and others.
文摘New objects characterizing the structure of complex linear transformations areintroduced. These new objects yield a new result for the decomposition of complexvector spaces relative to complex lrnear transformations and provide all Jordan basesby which the Jordan canonical form is constructed. Accordingly, they can result in thecelebrated Jordan theorem and the third decomposition theorem of space directly. and,moreover, they can give a new deep insight into the exquisite and subtle structure ofthe Jordan form. The latter indicates that the Jordan canonical form of a complexlinear transformation is an invariant structure associated with double arbitrary. choices.
基金Project (51304047) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (20131037) supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province,China
文摘A formula was proposed to calculate the distribution of metal ions quantitatively in chemical reaction system forming hydroxide where precipitation and complex are formed together. The effects of some factors on formation of precipitation and complex were investigated, and the corresponding precipitation rates of zinc, iron （III）, aluminum, copper and magnesium were calculated. As a result, it shows that the proposed formula is reliable. By the proposed formula, the existence state of metal ions in hydroxides reaction system with any metal ions can be well described and the effects of some factors on the distribution of metal ions were determined.
文摘Mn18Cr18N, the high-nitrogen steel, is the 2nd generation material for manufacturing the retaining ring of firepower generators. In this paper, the hot deformation behavior of the material was investigated by thermo-mechanical modeling tests. And the flow stress curves of the steel were obtained for various combinations of the temperature and strain rate. Based on the results of the tests, the complex forming process of a retaining ring including punching, expanding and extrusion with an enclosure was put forward and simulated by means of numerical simulation method. The results indicate that the process is a novel and force-saved practical technology for manufacturing heavy retaining rings.
基金Sponsored by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No2004035530)
文摘Relatively to non-traditional and high-energy-beam micro-manufacturing technique, the micro-cutting technology has many merits. For instance, the machining range is bigger, the cost of equipments is much lower, and the productivity and machining accuracy are higher. Therefore, the micro-cutting technology will take an important effect on the machining technique of complex shape microparts. In this paper, based on selfly-developed machine tool, the precision cutting technology of complex shape microparts made of metal material was studied by analyzing the modeling method on complex shape, the means of toolpaths layout and the optimal selection for cutting parameters. On the basis of above work, a typical duralumin specimen of high precision, low surface roughness and complex shape micropart was manufactured. This result will provide favorable technical support for farther research on the micro-cutting technology.
基金supported by the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing (No. GPMR200842)
文摘The ＂theory of self-similar oscillatory finite-time singularities＂ of Sornette reflects accurately the spatio-temporal evolution and trends of development of events and processes in complex systems approaching to the singularities, and the effect of prediction for catastrophic events has been tested to be satisfactory. The authors take the contents of the chemical element tungsten as the carrier of positive feedback （or activator） in the ore formation, then try to apply the theory to studying and analyzing the onset and development of ore formation in the Dajishan （大吉山） tungsten ore area, Jiangxi （江西） Province, China. The results of the study show that during the spatio-temporal evolution from outside the ore area to its center, the contents of the chemical element tungsten and their loga- rithmic derivatives （local fractal dimension） manifest an obvious regularity： by way of the process of oscillation and the transition to power-law accelerating growth, they eventually approach the center of ore formation. The regularity makes clear that in the complex ore-forming system of the Dajishan tungsten ore deposit, the chemical element tungsten plays the role of carrier of positive and negative feedback, and by competing with each other, approaches to singularity in finite time by virtue of self-similar log-periodic oscillations and succeeded by power-law accelerating growth. In this way the onset of ore formation is realized. This regularity reflects correctly the dynamic process of ore formation of the studied ore deposit. The authors hold that Sornette＇s theory can be further applied to the prediction of perspective areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foudnation of China and Shanghai Priority Academic Discipline Foundation,Shanghai,China.
文摘In this paper, we first introduce a concept of companion vector, and studythe Jordan canonical forms of quaternion matrices by using the methods of complex representation and companion vector, not only give out a practical algorithm for Jordancanonical form J of a quaternion matrix A, but also provide a practical algorithm forcorresponding nonsingular matrix P with P- 1 AP = J.
文摘The Au\|SiO\-2 and Sn\|SiO\-2 complexes have been experimentally calibrated at varying temperature, silica concentration and pH: Au\+++H\-3SiO\+-\-4AuH\-3SiO\-4lgK=-1.65436+9611.21/T Sn\+\{4+\}+4H\-3SiO\+-\-4Sn(H\-3SiO\-4)\-4lgK\-\{200℃\}=42.73Compared with Au\|Cl, Au\|HS and Sn\|OH complexes, AuH\-3SiO\-4 and Sn(H\-3SiO\-4)\-4 complexes can be recognized as the dominant transport forms in Si\|bearing solutions under pH and Eh conditions of general interest. The decrease of SiO\-2 concentration and oxygen fugacity would reverse the direction of dissolution\|complexing reactions, resulting in the precipitation of gold and silica, as well as cassiterite and silica. This study illustrates the significance of SiO\-2\|complexation in hydrothermal solutions for gold, tin and other metallizations.
