Immunoglobulin(Ig)A nephropathy is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis globally.It typically manifests with microscopic hematuria and a spectrum of proteinuria,although rapidly progressive glomeruloneph...Immunoglobulin(Ig)A nephropathy is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis globally.It typically manifests with microscopic hematuria and a spectrum of proteinuria,although rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis may occur in rare instances.Deposition of IgA in the mesangium seems to be the underlying disease mechanism.Despite current treatment,IgA nephropathy may progress into end-stage renal disease,indicating the necessity for the development of new therapeutic agents.Lifestyle modifications and anti-proteinuric treatment are recommended,and steroids have shown to be beneficial to high risk groups.Nevertheless,other conventional immunosuppressive agents,such as cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil,may be considered,despite the lack of sufficient evidence to support their efficacy.A considerable proportion of cases remain unresponsive to these treatments,underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches.There are several promising immunosuppressive drugs,such as B-cell lineage depleting agents or complement system inhibitors,that are currently undergoing clinical trials.These therapies may be considered for use in selected cases.展开更多
Anti-complement activity guided fractionation led to the isolation of 24 compounds from Commelina communis.Bioassay showed that six compounds inhibited the classical pathway and alternative pathway with CH 50 values o...Anti-complement activity guided fractionation led to the isolation of 24 compounds from Commelina communis.Bioassay showed that six compounds inhibited the classical pathway and alternative pathway with CH 50 values of 0.12-1.44 mM and AP 50 values of 0.28-7.05 mM,respectively.Preliminary mechanism studies demonstrated that quinovic acid acted on C1q,C2,C3,C4,C5 and C9 components of the complement system,β-sitosterol interacted with C3 and C4,（＋）-catechin-3-O-β-Dgluco（2-cinnamoyl）-pyranoside,p-cresol and 6-methoxy-3-methylbenzene-1,2,4-triol blocked C1q,C2,C3,C5 and C9.展开更多
Objective To explore the complement deposition levels on blood cell surfaces in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH)and evaluate their association with clinical manifestations.Methods This study enro...Objective To explore the complement deposition levels on blood cell surfaces in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH)and evaluate their association with clinical manifestations.Methods This study enrolled patients with PNH,who had not been treated with complement inhibitors and appeared at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from February 2021 to February 2023.The clinical information of participants was retrospectively recorded,and peripheral blood samples were collected.Gender-and age-matched normal controls(NC)were recruited accordingly.展开更多
Retinal degeneration is a debilitating ocular complication characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors and other retinal neurons,which are caused by a group of retinal diseases affecting various age groups...Retinal degeneration is a debilitating ocular complication characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors and other retinal neurons,which are caused by a group of retinal diseases affecting various age groups,and increasingly prevalent in the elderly.Age-related macular degeneration,diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma are among the most common complex degenerative retinal disorders,posing significant public health problems worldwide largely due to the aging society and the lack of effective therapeutics.Whilst pathoetiologies vary,if left untreated,loss of retinal neurons can result in an acquired degeneration and ultimately severe visual impairment.Irrespective of underlined etiology,loss of neurons and supporting cells including retinal pigment epithelium,microvascular endothelium,and glia,converges as the common endpoint of retinal degeneration and therefore discovery or repurposing of therapies to protect retinal neurons directly or indirectly are under intensive investigation.This review overviews recent developments of potential neuroprotectants including neuropeptides,exosomes,mitochondrial-derived peptides,complement inhibitors,senolytics,autophagy enhancers and antioxidants either still experimentally or in clinical trials.Effective treatments that possess direct or indirect neuroprotective properties would significantly lift the burden of visual handicap.展开更多
In arthropods,hematophagy has arisen several times throughout evolution.This specialized feeding behavior offered a highly nutritious diet obtained during blood feeds.On the other hand,blood-sucking arthropods must ov...In arthropods,hematophagy has arisen several times throughout evolution.This specialized feeding behavior offered a highly nutritious diet obtained during blood feeds.On the other hand,blood-sucking arthropods must overcome problems brought on by blood intake and digestion.Host blood complement acts on the bite site and is still ac-tive after ingestion,so complement activation is a potential threat to the host's skin feed-ing environment and to the arthropod gut enterocytes.During evolution,blood-sucking arthropods have selected,either in their saliva or gut,anticomplement molecules that inac-tivate host blood complement.This review presents an overview of the complement sys-tem and discusses the arthropod's salivary and gut anticomplement molecules studied to date,exploring their mechanism of action and other aspects related to the arthropod-host-pathogen interface.The possible therapeutic applications of arthropod's anticomplement molecules arealsodiscussed.展开更多
文摘Immunoglobulin(Ig)A nephropathy is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis globally.It typically manifests with microscopic hematuria and a spectrum of proteinuria,although rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis may occur in rare instances.Deposition of IgA in the mesangium seems to be the underlying disease mechanism.Despite current treatment,IgA nephropathy may progress into end-stage renal disease,indicating the necessity for the development of new therapeutic agents.Lifestyle modifications and anti-proteinuric treatment are recommended,and steroids have shown to be beneficial to high risk groups.Nevertheless,other conventional immunosuppressive agents,such as cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil,may be considered,despite the lack of sufficient evidence to support their efficacy.A considerable proportion of cases remain unresponsive to these treatments,underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches.There are several promising immunosuppressive drugs,such as B-cell lineage depleting agents or complement system inhibitors,that are currently undergoing clinical trials.These therapies may be considered for use in selected cases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation for ExcellentYouth (Grant No.30925042)State Key Program for the InnovativeDrugs from the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant No.2009ZX09502-013 and 2009ZX09301-011)
文摘Anti-complement activity guided fractionation led to the isolation of 24 compounds from Commelina communis.Bioassay showed that six compounds inhibited the classical pathway and alternative pathway with CH 50 values of 0.12-1.44 mM and AP 50 values of 0.28-7.05 mM,respectively.Preliminary mechanism studies demonstrated that quinovic acid acted on C1q,C2,C3,C4,C5 and C9 components of the complement system,β-sitosterol interacted with C3 and C4,（＋）-catechin-3-O-β-Dgluco（2-cinnamoyl）-pyranoside,p-cresol and 6-methoxy-3-methylbenzene-1,2,4-triol blocked C1q,C2,C3,C5 and C9.
文摘Objective To explore the complement deposition levels on blood cell surfaces in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH)and evaluate their association with clinical manifestations.Methods This study enrolled patients with PNH,who had not been treated with complement inhibitors and appeared at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from February 2021 to February 2023.The clinical information of participants was retrospectively recorded,and peripheral blood samples were collected.Gender-and age-matched normal controls(NC)were recruited accordingly.
文摘Retinal degeneration is a debilitating ocular complication characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors and other retinal neurons,which are caused by a group of retinal diseases affecting various age groups,and increasingly prevalent in the elderly.Age-related macular degeneration,diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma are among the most common complex degenerative retinal disorders,posing significant public health problems worldwide largely due to the aging society and the lack of effective therapeutics.Whilst pathoetiologies vary,if left untreated,loss of retinal neurons can result in an acquired degeneration and ultimately severe visual impairment.Irrespective of underlined etiology,loss of neurons and supporting cells including retinal pigment epithelium,microvascular endothelium,and glia,converges as the common endpoint of retinal degeneration and therefore discovery or repurposing of therapies to protect retinal neurons directly or indirectly are under intensive investigation.This review overviews recent developments of potential neuroprotectants including neuropeptides,exosomes,mitochondrial-derived peptides,complement inhibitors,senolytics,autophagy enhancers and antioxidants either still experimentally or in clinical trials.Effective treatments that possess direct or indirect neuroprotective properties would significantly lift the burden of visual handicap.
文摘In arthropods,hematophagy has arisen several times throughout evolution.This specialized feeding behavior offered a highly nutritious diet obtained during blood feeds.On the other hand,blood-sucking arthropods must overcome problems brought on by blood intake and digestion.Host blood complement acts on the bite site and is still ac-tive after ingestion,so complement activation is a potential threat to the host's skin feed-ing environment and to the arthropod gut enterocytes.During evolution,blood-sucking arthropods have selected,either in their saliva or gut,anticomplement molecules that inac-tivate host blood complement.This review presents an overview of the complement sys-tem and discusses the arthropod's salivary and gut anticomplement molecules studied to date,exploring their mechanism of action and other aspects related to the arthropod-host-pathogen interface.The possible therapeutic applications of arthropod's anticomplement molecules arealsodiscussed.
