Competition among HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) species Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense , Raphidophyte Heterosigma carterae , and Diatom Skeletonema costatum was studied in the laboratory. Experiments with these thre...Competition among HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) species Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense , Raphidophyte Heterosigma carterae , and Diatom Skeletonema costatum was studied in the laboratory. Experiments with these three major HAB species under combinations of different salinities (10, 18, 25, 30, 35) and temperatures (19℃, 25℃) were carried out. The results showed that S. costatum successfully competed with the other two species at salinities of 18, 25, 30, and 35 at temperatures of 19℃ and 25℃. However, H. carterae showed its advantage at low salinity of 10 and became the single dominant species at salinity 10 and 25℃. A. tamarense could not compete successfully with the other two species especially at low salinities. However, it could remain at low density in the presence of higher densities of other algae.展开更多
Antitrust interoperability issues concerning China's digital platforms have attracted widespread attention and have become an important topic in promoting high-quality development of the digital economy.A review o...Antitrust interoperability issues concerning China's digital platforms have attracted widespread attention and have become an important topic in promoting high-quality development of the digital economy.A review of relevant domestic and international legislation and practices reveals that the refusal to deal doctrine serves as the legal basis for antitrust interoperability remedies.However,its specific implementation still faces challenges that need to be addressed,including the assessment of competitive harm and the justification of legitimate defenses.To advance the implementation of antitrust interoperability remedies for digital platforms,it is essential to comprehensively assess the impact of interoperability on cross-market competition,consumer welfare,and technological and commercial innovation,while fully considering the defenses raised by digital platforms,such as privacy protection,innovation,and investment incentives.展开更多
文摘Competition among HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) species Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense , Raphidophyte Heterosigma carterae , and Diatom Skeletonema costatum was studied in the laboratory. Experiments with these three major HAB species under combinations of different salinities (10, 18, 25, 30, 35) and temperatures (19℃, 25℃) were carried out. The results showed that S. costatum successfully competed with the other two species at salinities of 18, 25, 30, and 35 at temperatures of 19℃ and 25℃. However, H. carterae showed its advantage at low salinity of 10 and became the single dominant species at salinity 10 and 25℃. A. tamarense could not compete successfully with the other two species especially at low salinities. However, it could remain at low density in the presence of higher densities of other algae.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(24BFX079)。
文摘Antitrust interoperability issues concerning China's digital platforms have attracted widespread attention and have become an important topic in promoting high-quality development of the digital economy.A review of relevant domestic and international legislation and practices reveals that the refusal to deal doctrine serves as the legal basis for antitrust interoperability remedies.However,its specific implementation still faces challenges that need to be addressed,including the assessment of competitive harm and the justification of legitimate defenses.To advance the implementation of antitrust interoperability remedies for digital platforms,it is essential to comprehensively assess the impact of interoperability on cross-market competition,consumer welfare,and technological and commercial innovation,while fully considering the defenses raised by digital platforms,such as privacy protection,innovation,and investment incentives.
