The technology of cloning and transferring oflarge DNA fragments in plants is important forhigh-efficient identification of new genes andstudy of gene functions.Tranformation-competent artificial chromosome(TAC)vector...The technology of cloning and transferring oflarge DNA fragments in plants is important forhigh-efficient identification of new genes andstudy of gene functions.Tranformation-competent artificial chromosome(TAC)vectorsystem has been shown to be very useful forefficient gene isolation in Arobidopsis thaliana.In order to develop an efficient platform for展开更多
Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intra...Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.展开更多
Objective To establish C57BL/6J embryonic stem （ES） cell lines with potential germ- line contribution Methods ES cells were isolated from blastocyst inner cell mass of C5 7BL/6J mice, and cultured for 15 passages, a...Objective To establish C57BL/6J embryonic stem （ES） cell lines with potential germ- line contribution Methods ES cells were isolated from blastocyst inner cell mass of C5 7BL/6J mice, and cultured for 15 passages, and then injected into blastococels of ICR mice blastocysts to establish chimeric mice. Results Three ES cell lines （mC57ES1,mC57ES3, mC57ES7） derived from the inner cell mass of C57BL/6J mice blastocysts were established. They were characteristic of undifferentiated state, including normal XY karyotype, expression of a specific cell surface marker “stage-specific embryonic antigen-I” and alkaline phosphatase in continuous passage. When injected into immunodeficient mice, mC57ES1 cells consistently differentiated into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. When mC57ES1 cells were transferred into ICR mice blastocysts, 4 chimeric mice have been obtained. One male of them revealed successful germ-line transmission. Conclussion We have obtained C57BL/6J ES cell lines with a potential germ-line contribution, which can be used to generate transgenic and gene knock-out mice.展开更多
United States is experiencing significant growth in its foreign-born population,especially Chinese American population comprising of 1.2%of the U.S.population.Many healthcare providers are challenged in their efforts ...United States is experiencing significant growth in its foreign-born population,especially Chinese American population comprising of 1.2%of the U.S.population.Many healthcare providers are challenged in their efforts to provide culturally competent healthcare to this population.To provide culturally competent healthcare,healthcare providers should understand variations in cultural attributes that impact health.One group in which cultural variation holds great influence is that of children.Culture influences a child's behavior,development and health.This article provides a cross-cultural,comparative examination of important cultural influences on child behaviors development and health in China and the U.S.Using the findings about these two populations,interventions for childhood obesity cross culturally are addressed through the analysis of a U.S.based Children's Obesity Program.The author suggests that uniquely different approaches to childhood obesity intervention research are needed based upon the cultural differences identified within this paper.展开更多
Primary cancers can be prevented by immunizations. We suggest immunizing healthy people, especially the ones with genetic predisposition to cancer, with a standard oncoantigen. In patients suffering from cancer, immun...Primary cancers can be prevented by immunizations. We suggest immunizing healthy people, especially the ones with genetic predisposition to cancer, with a standard oncoantigen. In patients suffering from cancer, immunotherapy can be effective only if it is administered during complete remission. Immune competent cells, like T-lymphocytes and bone marrow, are the most important components for cancer prevention and treatment. Because of the dramatic increase in the incidence of cancer, it is important to offer all adults with absolutely healthy immune system an opportunity to donate their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells and preserve them at -196。C. These cells can later be used by the same people in auto-system if they develop cancer. Patients who had their cancerous tumors surgically removed can also have their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells collected during remission and then used in auto-system in case of cancer reoccurrence. It is also possible to impact on cancer development during the process of cancerogenesis by administering large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA (displacement) together with nucleases (directly into the tumor or blood). In addition, blockers of cytokines that suppress immune system should be administered as well. It is intriguing to think that injection of large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA together with nucleases to patients with chronic and hereditary diseases (diabetes Type II, schizophrenia, and other similar diseases) can lead to therapeutic effect.展开更多
In China’s opening to the outside world,a large number of competentcommunicators are badly needed in the fields of industry,science andtechnology,commerce,tourism and the like.Owing to the lack of compe-tent communic...In China’s opening to the outside world,a large number of competentcommunicators are badly needed in the fields of industry,science andtechnology,commerce,tourism and the like.Owing to the lack of compe-tent communicators,the foreign language learners are confronted with aproblem of how to develop their communicative ability.What is a compe-tent communicator?One may ask.In brief,a competent communicator is展开更多
The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the vari...The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the various knowledge, competences, and dispositions the shape its legacy, the literary competence becomes the main turning point between pedagogical knowledge and specialized knowledge, between core and characterizing disciplines. The literary competence lives in the intersection between different kinds of competence （linguistic competence, communication competence, reading competence, writing competences, interpretive competence, discursive competence, cultural competence, cross-cultural competence, pragmatic and strategic competence and social competence）. The approach offers a framework for pedagogy of the literary competence in the teacher training as substantial experience and expertise able to increase the professional repertoire of teachers in training fields. This paper provides food for thought for enrichment and enhancement of the literary competence and its use in teaching.展开更多
Active listening is an essential communication technique that requires the listener to focus and provide feedback on what is heard. The ability to listen actively demonstrates sincerity, and assumes that nothing is be...Active listening is an essential communication technique that requires the listener to focus and provide feedback on what is heard. The ability to listen actively demonstrates sincerity, and assumes that nothing is being shrugged or taken for granted. As a result, active listeners strive to improve professional and personal relationships, decrease misinterpretation of information, strengthen compliance, and foster understanding. Likewise, active listening can foster trust, mutual respect, and patient compliance. This paper will explore vital connections between active listening and displaying emotionally competent behaviors. Additionally, analysis of a case study as a means of strengthening these connections while improving patient outcomes will be assessed.展开更多
An abundance of literature spanning many years depicts the devastating effects of nurse bullying within the profession. The evidence suggests that bullying in general is a deliberate act aimed at another person. Conce...An abundance of literature spanning many years depicts the devastating effects of nurse bullying within the profession. The evidence suggests that bullying in general is a deliberate act aimed at another person. Conceptualizing nurse bullying appears to be a key ingredient in creating both awareness and preventative strategies. Emotional competence includes a set of behaviors which are unique to each individual. These behaviors according to Goldman (1995) include, but are not limited to emotional self-assessment, accurate self-assurance, self-confidence, emotional self-control, and empathy. The majority of researchers agree that emotionally competent behaviors are impacted by both positive and negative interactions and experiences. Thus, it is hypothesized that emotionally competent behaviors are continually cultivated throughout one’s life based upon lived experiences. This article assesses direct relationships between implementation of emotionally competent behaviors as a means of combatting nurse bullying within the profession. Creating awareness of these two areas can be initial steps in cultivating the needed tools and supportive interventions to assist nurses from novice to expert to professionally mentor and role model for generations to come.展开更多
This study evaluated the self-perceived importance and competence with regard to foodservice quality of hospitality students in Taiwan. The study used a 6-dimension food quality scale to gather self-assessed data from...This study evaluated the self-perceived importance and competence with regard to foodservice quality of hospitality students in Taiwan. The study used a 6-dimension food quality scale to gather self-assessed data from student participants. A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out, with 355 （88.75%） returned, validated, and used in research. In the dimension of perceived importance, participants placed the highest importance on ＂food safety＂ and the lowest importance on ＂food characteristics＂. In the dimension of competence, participants placed the highest competence on ＂service quality＂, while the competence concerning ＂culinary skill＂ was lower. An importance-performance analysis （IPA） identified ＂food safety＂ as showing the greatest be improved among the six dimensions. The courses and internship experience predicted 26.4% of the variability in perceived competence of foodservice quality. Both the two variables showed a statistical significance. The culinary courses had a greater impact on food quality-related perceptions than did either hospitality professional or general management courses. Finally, this study identified that the school courses had a positive contribution to the competence of foodservice quality and with hospitality students who completed school courses having better quality perception competence than those who had not.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to explore the research trends,thematic structures,and core competency domains in the field of nursing-related digital and artificial intelligence(AI)technologies.Methods A bibliometric ana...Objectives This study aimed to explore the research trends,thematic structures,and core competency domains in the field of nursing-related digital and artificial intelligence(AI)technologies.Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement.Peer-reviewed articles published in English from 2015 to 2025 were retrieved from Scopus,Web of Science,and PubMed.Thematic clustering was conducted using the Louvain algorithm and cosine similarity.A subset of 66 frequently cited articles was then qualitatively synthesized to capture core competencies across clusters.Results A total of 83,807 articles were included for bibliometric analysis.Of these,66 articles were chosen for thematic analysis.Five major thematic clusters were identified:remote care in primary settings,oncology and palliative care,nurse education and training,safety and quality in nursing practice,and geriatric and dementia care.Additionally,four competency domains were identified:telehealth and remote communication,health systems and informatics,digital tools in practice,and AI-powered decision support.A clear shift in research focus was observed,with the emphasis transitioning from foundational digital skills before the COVID-19 pandemic to more advanced competencies during the post-pandemic digital transformation,encompassing ethical reasoning,immersive technology use,and AI integration.Conclusions Integrating digital and AI technologies is reshaping nursing practice across various thematic areas and competency domains,highlighting a transition from foundational digital tasks to AI-supported decision-making and ethically informed technology use.This study provides a structured overview of evolving competencies in digital nursing and synthesizes evidence to support future research,curriculum design,and policy planning.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to develop a blueprint based on empirical data to guide the integration of nursing informatics(NI)into undergraduate nursing programs.Methods This study employed a qualitative,holistic mult...Objectives This study aimed to develop a blueprint based on empirical data to guide the integration of nursing informatics(NI)into undergraduate nursing programs.Methods This study employed a qualitative,holistic multiple-case study design,allowing each case to be examined as an integrated contextual system.Data were obtained from four cases—two from Australian universities and two from South African universities—all of which were public institutions offering undergraduate nursing programs.Twenty-one academic staff participated.Data collection involved semi-structured interviews,document review,and field observations.The documents reviewed included national digital health strategies,health informatics and NI standards,nursing education policies,accreditation standards,and curriculum guidelines.Materials from institutions—including subject outlines,program handbooks,and teaching policies—were also reviewed to gain a better understanding of how NI was integrated in each case.An individual case analysis employed conventional content analysis,followed by a cross-case thematic comparison.Data collection and analysis were conducted iteratively until saturation was achieved.Results This study highlighted the need for NI in undergraduate nursing programs.Foundational competencies,such as computer and information literacy,and advanced NI competencies,including digital health literacy,data security,and privacy literacy,alongside other competencies,were identified across varying levels of proficiency.Data from four cases led to the development of a blueprint to guide the integration of NI into undergraduate curricula.It comprises eight context-responsive steps,including situational and training needs analysis,NI competency identification and mapping against national and international standards,NI content development,sequencing NI content and experience,NI content review,implementation,and evaluation.The blueprint promotes responsive curricula that strengthen NI capabilities and readiness for digital healthcare.Conclusion The blueprint aligns with nursing education priorities,workforce needs,and emerging technologies,thereby supporting NI competency development that advances digitally transformed healthcare.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to analyse the benefits of a gamified clinical supervision strategy during hospital-based training,particularly regarding the development of critical and reflective thinking among undergrad...Objectives This study aimed to analyse the benefits of a gamified clinical supervision strategy during hospital-based training,particularly regarding the development of critical and reflective thinking among undergraduate nursing students.Methods From April to July 2023,second-year nursing students who undertaking a nine-week clinical placement in a cardiology ward in northern Portugal were selected.Following a two-week diagnostic phase,students participated in a six-week gamified supervision programme comprising weekly 60-min sessions:infection-control decision-making;technical-procedural reasoning;guided emotional and ethical reflection;and clinical reasoning quiz on cardiology topics.Students completed weekly Structured Reflection Guide entries;supervisors recorded structured field notes after each session;and,after the intervention,students answered a post-intervention questionnaire and participated in focus groups.Qualitative data(reflections,field notes,open-ended questionnaire items,and focus-group transcripts)were analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis;quantitative questionnaire items were summarized descriptively.Results All seven students completed the six gamified sessions and submitted weekly reflection entries.Five students(71.4%)completed the questionnaire.Across data sources,students reported that gamified activities supported knowledge consolidation,teamwork,and clinical reasoning.Questionnaire data showed that all respondents(n=5,100%)strongly agreed that gamification enhanced their learning and should be maintained in clinical training.Reflections and focus groups revealed recurring themes related to emotional expression,sense of belonging,and difficulties using structured reflection tools,particularly in terms of comprehension and timing.Conclusion The gamified supervision strategy integrated into clinical training provided structured opportunities for practical engagement,collaborative work,and guided reflection.These findings suggest that gamification may support the development of reflective and critical-thinking processes in authentic clinical environments.展开更多
Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and ev...Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and evaluation systems for arbitrators in China have long faced challenges such as the vague criteria for competency and an unclear professionalization path for arbitrators. To address these issues, this study is grounded in the context of actual Chinese arbitration practice and based on the competency iceberg model. Through a methodological approach encompassing literature reviews, behavioral event interviews, expert revisions, and questionnaire surveys, a Chinese Arbitrator Competency Scale was developed and validated in this study. Examination of the findings indicated that the scale needed to consist of five dimensions—communication and coordination, cognitive skills, ethical conduct, work motivation, and personality traits—and possess a total of 28 specific indicators. Confirmatory analysis of the factors demonstrates a good fit for the five-dimensional model, with each of the dimensions exhibiting high reliability and validity. This scale is innovative in integrating the competency elements with Chinese characteristics, such as commercial acumen, crosscultural mediation skills, and adaptability to the local rule of law. This research not only enriches the competency theory in regard to the field of human resource management but also provides a scientific framework of standards and measurement tools for the selection, training, and evaluation of arbitrators. It thus has significant practical value for enhancing the professionalism and international competitiveness of China's arbitration system.展开更多
Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesio...Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.展开更多
The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)in recent years has brought about transformative changes across various sectors,including healthcare.In nursing practice,education,and research,AI has the potential to revoluti...The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)in recent years has brought about transformative changes across various sectors,including healthcare.In nursing practice,education,and research,AI has the potential to revolutionize traditional methodologies,enhance learning experiences,and improve patient outcomes.Integrating AI tools and techniques can provide clinicians with smarter clinical solutions and nursing students with more robust and interactive learning environments,while also advancing research capabilities in the field.Despite the promising prospects,the incorporation of AI into nursing practice,education,and research presents several challenges.Firstly,there is a concern about the potential displacement of human roles in nursing due to automation,which may affect the human-centric nature of nursing care.Secondly,there are issues related to the lag in AI competency among nurses.Many current nursing curricula do not include comprehensive AI training,leading to a lack of preparedness in utilizing these technologies effectively.Lastly,the ethical implications of AI in healthcare,such as data privacy,patient consent,and the potential for biased algorithms,need to be meticulously addressed.To harness the full potential of AI in nursing practice,education,and research,several strategic actions including reinvesting in humanistic practice,revising core competencies and curriculum,and developing new ethical guidelines.展开更多
Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)converts CO_(2) into valuable chemicals by consuming renewable electricity at mild conditions,making it a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.Ho...Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)converts CO_(2) into valuable chemicals by consuming renewable electricity at mild conditions,making it a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.However,the reaction of CO_(2) with hydroxide ions to form carbonates leads to low carbon utilization and energy efficiency in near-neutral or alkaline CO_(2)RR.The high concentration of protons in acidic media can effectively mitigate carbonate formation and deposition,thereby significantly minimizing carbon loss and energy consumption.Unfortunately,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is more kinetically favorable than CO_(2)RR in acidic media.Herein,we comprehensively overview recent progress in acidic CO_(2)RR and propose two strategies derived from the competing reaction pathways of HER and CO_(2)RR:one focuses on regulating the H+mass transport,while the other aims to modulate the intrinsic kinetic activity of CO_(2)RR.The two strategies are designed to compete for the limited active sites on the catalyst surface,inhibit side reactions,and enhance the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)RR.The representative approaches include modulating the interface electric field,constructing a local alkaline environment,and regulating competing adsorption sites.Finally,we also review the technical challenges and future perspectives of acidic CO_(2)RR coupled with membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs).展开更多
Although the benefits of physical activity are established across all age groups,researchers have recently noted that there is uncertainty as to which correlates and determinants of physical activity contribute to wel...Although the benefits of physical activity are established across all age groups,researchers have recently noted that there is uncertainty as to which correlates and determinants of physical activity contribute to well-informed interventions and policies,particularly for the time frame of early childhood.The following narrative review highlights salient factors related to physical activity during early childhood,particularly in the United States,with respect to a socioecological framework.Discussion of factors at the individual(demographic,genetic),interpersonal(family support and perceptions of competence),organizational(e.g.,preschool attended,preschool quality,teacher characteristics),community(availability,use,and perceptions of play spaces),and policy levels is included.While researchers often work within a public health framework that focuses on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,or total(light-to-vigorous)physical activity,this may not fully align with how young children move.The importance of structured and unstructured play,risky play,and nature-based play are highlighted.Implications for basic and applied scientists,clinicians,and practitioners are addressed.Suggestions for future work include consideration of the context of physical activity,associations with other health behaviors,and further examination of the interpersonal and community level factors.展开更多
Ultrasound has long been an essential tool in nephrology,traditionally used for procedures like vascular access and kidney biopsies.Point-of-care ultrasonography(POCUS),a rapidly evolving bedside technology,is now gai...Ultrasound has long been an essential tool in nephrology,traditionally used for procedures like vascular access and kidney biopsies.Point-of-care ultrasonography(POCUS),a rapidly evolving bedside technology,is now gaining momentum in nephrology by providing real-time imaging to enhance physical examination findings.Unlike comprehensive radiology-performed ultrasound,POCUS focuses on specific clinical questions,providing immediate and actionable insights.This narrative review examines the philosophy behind POCUS,its expanding applications in nephrology,and its impact on patient care,including its role in diagnosing obstructive uropathy,guiding fluid management,and evaluating hemodynamics in cardiorenal syndrome.Additionally,the review addresses barriers to widespread adoption,such as the need for structured training,competency validation,and interdisciplinary cooperation.By integrating POCUS into routine practice,nephrologists can refine diagnostic accuracy,improve patient outcomes,and strengthen the role of bedside medicine.展开更多
文摘The technology of cloning and transferring oflarge DNA fragments in plants is important forhigh-efficient identification of new genes andstudy of gene functions.Tranformation-competent artificial chromosome(TAC)vectorsystem has been shown to be very useful forefficient gene isolation in Arobidopsis thaliana.In order to develop an efficient platform for
文摘Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.
文摘Objective To establish C57BL/6J embryonic stem （ES） cell lines with potential germ- line contribution Methods ES cells were isolated from blastocyst inner cell mass of C5 7BL/6J mice, and cultured for 15 passages, and then injected into blastococels of ICR mice blastocysts to establish chimeric mice. Results Three ES cell lines （mC57ES1,mC57ES3, mC57ES7） derived from the inner cell mass of C57BL/6J mice blastocysts were established. They were characteristic of undifferentiated state, including normal XY karyotype, expression of a specific cell surface marker “stage-specific embryonic antigen-I” and alkaline phosphatase in continuous passage. When injected into immunodeficient mice, mC57ES1 cells consistently differentiated into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. When mC57ES1 cells were transferred into ICR mice blastocysts, 4 chimeric mice have been obtained. One male of them revealed successful germ-line transmission. Conclussion We have obtained C57BL/6J ES cell lines with a potential germ-line contribution, which can be used to generate transgenic and gene knock-out mice.
文摘United States is experiencing significant growth in its foreign-born population,especially Chinese American population comprising of 1.2%of the U.S.population.Many healthcare providers are challenged in their efforts to provide culturally competent healthcare to this population.To provide culturally competent healthcare,healthcare providers should understand variations in cultural attributes that impact health.One group in which cultural variation holds great influence is that of children.Culture influences a child's behavior,development and health.This article provides a cross-cultural,comparative examination of important cultural influences on child behaviors development and health in China and the U.S.Using the findings about these two populations,interventions for childhood obesity cross culturally are addressed through the analysis of a U.S.based Children's Obesity Program.The author suggests that uniquely different approaches to childhood obesity intervention research are needed based upon the cultural differences identified within this paper.
文摘Primary cancers can be prevented by immunizations. We suggest immunizing healthy people, especially the ones with genetic predisposition to cancer, with a standard oncoantigen. In patients suffering from cancer, immunotherapy can be effective only if it is administered during complete remission. Immune competent cells, like T-lymphocytes and bone marrow, are the most important components for cancer prevention and treatment. Because of the dramatic increase in the incidence of cancer, it is important to offer all adults with absolutely healthy immune system an opportunity to donate their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells and preserve them at -196。C. These cells can later be used by the same people in auto-system if they develop cancer. Patients who had their cancerous tumors surgically removed can also have their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells collected during remission and then used in auto-system in case of cancer reoccurrence. It is also possible to impact on cancer development during the process of cancerogenesis by administering large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA (displacement) together with nucleases (directly into the tumor or blood). In addition, blockers of cytokines that suppress immune system should be administered as well. It is intriguing to think that injection of large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA together with nucleases to patients with chronic and hereditary diseases (diabetes Type II, schizophrenia, and other similar diseases) can lead to therapeutic effect.
文摘In China’s opening to the outside world,a large number of competentcommunicators are badly needed in the fields of industry,science andtechnology,commerce,tourism and the like.Owing to the lack of compe-tent communicators,the foreign language learners are confronted with aproblem of how to develop their communicative ability.What is a compe-tent communicator?One may ask.In brief,a competent communicator is
文摘The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the various knowledge, competences, and dispositions the shape its legacy, the literary competence becomes the main turning point between pedagogical knowledge and specialized knowledge, between core and characterizing disciplines. The literary competence lives in the intersection between different kinds of competence （linguistic competence, communication competence, reading competence, writing competences, interpretive competence, discursive competence, cultural competence, cross-cultural competence, pragmatic and strategic competence and social competence）. The approach offers a framework for pedagogy of the literary competence in the teacher training as substantial experience and expertise able to increase the professional repertoire of teachers in training fields. This paper provides food for thought for enrichment and enhancement of the literary competence and its use in teaching.
文摘Active listening is an essential communication technique that requires the listener to focus and provide feedback on what is heard. The ability to listen actively demonstrates sincerity, and assumes that nothing is being shrugged or taken for granted. As a result, active listeners strive to improve professional and personal relationships, decrease misinterpretation of information, strengthen compliance, and foster understanding. Likewise, active listening can foster trust, mutual respect, and patient compliance. This paper will explore vital connections between active listening and displaying emotionally competent behaviors. Additionally, analysis of a case study as a means of strengthening these connections while improving patient outcomes will be assessed.
文摘An abundance of literature spanning many years depicts the devastating effects of nurse bullying within the profession. The evidence suggests that bullying in general is a deliberate act aimed at another person. Conceptualizing nurse bullying appears to be a key ingredient in creating both awareness and preventative strategies. Emotional competence includes a set of behaviors which are unique to each individual. These behaviors according to Goldman (1995) include, but are not limited to emotional self-assessment, accurate self-assurance, self-confidence, emotional self-control, and empathy. The majority of researchers agree that emotionally competent behaviors are impacted by both positive and negative interactions and experiences. Thus, it is hypothesized that emotionally competent behaviors are continually cultivated throughout one’s life based upon lived experiences. This article assesses direct relationships between implementation of emotionally competent behaviors as a means of combatting nurse bullying within the profession. Creating awareness of these two areas can be initial steps in cultivating the needed tools and supportive interventions to assist nurses from novice to expert to professionally mentor and role model for generations to come.
文摘This study evaluated the self-perceived importance and competence with regard to foodservice quality of hospitality students in Taiwan. The study used a 6-dimension food quality scale to gather self-assessed data from student participants. A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out, with 355 （88.75%） returned, validated, and used in research. In the dimension of perceived importance, participants placed the highest importance on ＂food safety＂ and the lowest importance on ＂food characteristics＂. In the dimension of competence, participants placed the highest competence on ＂service quality＂, while the competence concerning ＂culinary skill＂ was lower. An importance-performance analysis （IPA） identified ＂food safety＂ as showing the greatest be improved among the six dimensions. The courses and internship experience predicted 26.4% of the variability in perceived competence of foodservice quality. Both the two variables showed a statistical significance. The culinary courses had a greater impact on food quality-related perceptions than did either hospitality professional or general management courses. Finally, this study identified that the school courses had a positive contribution to the competence of foodservice quality and with hospitality students who completed school courses having better quality perception competence than those who had not.
基金supported by grants for development of new faculty staff,Ratchadaphiseksomphot Fund,Chulalongkorn University,Thailand.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to explore the research trends,thematic structures,and core competency domains in the field of nursing-related digital and artificial intelligence(AI)technologies.Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement.Peer-reviewed articles published in English from 2015 to 2025 were retrieved from Scopus,Web of Science,and PubMed.Thematic clustering was conducted using the Louvain algorithm and cosine similarity.A subset of 66 frequently cited articles was then qualitatively synthesized to capture core competencies across clusters.Results A total of 83,807 articles were included for bibliometric analysis.Of these,66 articles were chosen for thematic analysis.Five major thematic clusters were identified:remote care in primary settings,oncology and palliative care,nurse education and training,safety and quality in nursing practice,and geriatric and dementia care.Additionally,four competency domains were identified:telehealth and remote communication,health systems and informatics,digital tools in practice,and AI-powered decision support.A clear shift in research focus was observed,with the emphasis transitioning from foundational digital skills before the COVID-19 pandemic to more advanced competencies during the post-pandemic digital transformation,encompassing ethical reasoning,immersive technology use,and AI integration.Conclusions Integrating digital and AI technologies is reshaping nursing practice across various thematic areas and competency domains,highlighting a transition from foundational digital tasks to AI-supported decision-making and ethically informed technology use.This study provides a structured overview of evolving competencies in digital nursing and synthesizes evidence to support future research,curriculum design,and policy planning.
基金funded by James Cook University Postgraduate Research Scholarship(JCUPRS).
文摘Objectives This study aimed to develop a blueprint based on empirical data to guide the integration of nursing informatics(NI)into undergraduate nursing programs.Methods This study employed a qualitative,holistic multiple-case study design,allowing each case to be examined as an integrated contextual system.Data were obtained from four cases—two from Australian universities and two from South African universities—all of which were public institutions offering undergraduate nursing programs.Twenty-one academic staff participated.Data collection involved semi-structured interviews,document review,and field observations.The documents reviewed included national digital health strategies,health informatics and NI standards,nursing education policies,accreditation standards,and curriculum guidelines.Materials from institutions—including subject outlines,program handbooks,and teaching policies—were also reviewed to gain a better understanding of how NI was integrated in each case.An individual case analysis employed conventional content analysis,followed by a cross-case thematic comparison.Data collection and analysis were conducted iteratively until saturation was achieved.Results This study highlighted the need for NI in undergraduate nursing programs.Foundational competencies,such as computer and information literacy,and advanced NI competencies,including digital health literacy,data security,and privacy literacy,alongside other competencies,were identified across varying levels of proficiency.Data from four cases led to the development of a blueprint to guide the integration of NI into undergraduate curricula.It comprises eight context-responsive steps,including situational and training needs analysis,NI competency identification and mapping against national and international standards,NI content development,sequencing NI content and experience,NI content review,implementation,and evaluation.The blueprint promotes responsive curricula that strengthen NI capabilities and readiness for digital healthcare.Conclusion The blueprint aligns with nursing education priorities,workforce needs,and emerging technologies,thereby supporting NI competency development that advances digitally transformed healthcare.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to analyse the benefits of a gamified clinical supervision strategy during hospital-based training,particularly regarding the development of critical and reflective thinking among undergraduate nursing students.Methods From April to July 2023,second-year nursing students who undertaking a nine-week clinical placement in a cardiology ward in northern Portugal were selected.Following a two-week diagnostic phase,students participated in a six-week gamified supervision programme comprising weekly 60-min sessions:infection-control decision-making;technical-procedural reasoning;guided emotional and ethical reflection;and clinical reasoning quiz on cardiology topics.Students completed weekly Structured Reflection Guide entries;supervisors recorded structured field notes after each session;and,after the intervention,students answered a post-intervention questionnaire and participated in focus groups.Qualitative data(reflections,field notes,open-ended questionnaire items,and focus-group transcripts)were analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis;quantitative questionnaire items were summarized descriptively.Results All seven students completed the six gamified sessions and submitted weekly reflection entries.Five students(71.4%)completed the questionnaire.Across data sources,students reported that gamified activities supported knowledge consolidation,teamwork,and clinical reasoning.Questionnaire data showed that all respondents(n=5,100%)strongly agreed that gamification enhanced their learning and should be maintained in clinical training.Reflections and focus groups revealed recurring themes related to emotional expression,sense of belonging,and difficulties using structured reflection tools,particularly in terms of comprehension and timing.Conclusion The gamified supervision strategy integrated into clinical training provided structured opportunities for practical engagement,collaborative work,and guided reflection.These findings suggest that gamification may support the development of reflective and critical-thinking processes in authentic clinical environments.
基金Research on Problems and Countermeasures in Building the Capacity of the Grassroots International Chambers of Commerce in the Context of High-Quality Development (W2024H03841)a key research project of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in 2025。
文摘Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and evaluation systems for arbitrators in China have long faced challenges such as the vague criteria for competency and an unclear professionalization path for arbitrators. To address these issues, this study is grounded in the context of actual Chinese arbitration practice and based on the competency iceberg model. Through a methodological approach encompassing literature reviews, behavioral event interviews, expert revisions, and questionnaire surveys, a Chinese Arbitrator Competency Scale was developed and validated in this study. Examination of the findings indicated that the scale needed to consist of five dimensions—communication and coordination, cognitive skills, ethical conduct, work motivation, and personality traits—and possess a total of 28 specific indicators. Confirmatory analysis of the factors demonstrates a good fit for the five-dimensional model, with each of the dimensions exhibiting high reliability and validity. This scale is innovative in integrating the competency elements with Chinese characteristics, such as commercial acumen, crosscultural mediation skills, and adaptability to the local rule of law. This research not only enriches the competency theory in regard to the field of human resource management but also provides a scientific framework of standards and measurement tools for the selection, training, and evaluation of arbitrators. It thus has significant practical value for enhancing the professionalism and international competitiveness of China's arbitration system.
基金supported by the Qingdao Medical Health Research Project,No.2023-WJZD212(to XX)。
文摘Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.
文摘The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)in recent years has brought about transformative changes across various sectors,including healthcare.In nursing practice,education,and research,AI has the potential to revolutionize traditional methodologies,enhance learning experiences,and improve patient outcomes.Integrating AI tools and techniques can provide clinicians with smarter clinical solutions and nursing students with more robust and interactive learning environments,while also advancing research capabilities in the field.Despite the promising prospects,the incorporation of AI into nursing practice,education,and research presents several challenges.Firstly,there is a concern about the potential displacement of human roles in nursing due to automation,which may affect the human-centric nature of nursing care.Secondly,there are issues related to the lag in AI competency among nurses.Many current nursing curricula do not include comprehensive AI training,leading to a lack of preparedness in utilizing these technologies effectively.Lastly,the ethical implications of AI in healthcare,such as data privacy,patient consent,and the potential for biased algorithms,need to be meticulously addressed.To harness the full potential of AI in nursing practice,education,and research,several strategic actions including reinvesting in humanistic practice,revising core competencies and curriculum,and developing new ethical guidelines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301259 and 22208019)the Research Fund Program for Young Scholars of Beijing Institute of Technology。
文摘Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)converts CO_(2) into valuable chemicals by consuming renewable electricity at mild conditions,making it a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.However,the reaction of CO_(2) with hydroxide ions to form carbonates leads to low carbon utilization and energy efficiency in near-neutral or alkaline CO_(2)RR.The high concentration of protons in acidic media can effectively mitigate carbonate formation and deposition,thereby significantly minimizing carbon loss and energy consumption.Unfortunately,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is more kinetically favorable than CO_(2)RR in acidic media.Herein,we comprehensively overview recent progress in acidic CO_(2)RR and propose two strategies derived from the competing reaction pathways of HER and CO_(2)RR:one focuses on regulating the H+mass transport,while the other aims to modulate the intrinsic kinetic activity of CO_(2)RR.The two strategies are designed to compete for the limited active sites on the catalyst surface,inhibit side reactions,and enhance the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)RR.The representative approaches include modulating the interface electric field,constructing a local alkaline environment,and regulating competing adsorption sites.Finally,we also review the technical challenges and future perspectives of acidic CO_(2)RR coupled with membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs).
文摘Although the benefits of physical activity are established across all age groups,researchers have recently noted that there is uncertainty as to which correlates and determinants of physical activity contribute to well-informed interventions and policies,particularly for the time frame of early childhood.The following narrative review highlights salient factors related to physical activity during early childhood,particularly in the United States,with respect to a socioecological framework.Discussion of factors at the individual(demographic,genetic),interpersonal(family support and perceptions of competence),organizational(e.g.,preschool attended,preschool quality,teacher characteristics),community(availability,use,and perceptions of play spaces),and policy levels is included.While researchers often work within a public health framework that focuses on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,or total(light-to-vigorous)physical activity,this may not fully align with how young children move.The importance of structured and unstructured play,risky play,and nature-based play are highlighted.Implications for basic and applied scientists,clinicians,and practitioners are addressed.Suggestions for future work include consideration of the context of physical activity,associations with other health behaviors,and further examination of the interpersonal and community level factors.
文摘Ultrasound has long been an essential tool in nephrology,traditionally used for procedures like vascular access and kidney biopsies.Point-of-care ultrasonography(POCUS),a rapidly evolving bedside technology,is now gaining momentum in nephrology by providing real-time imaging to enhance physical examination findings.Unlike comprehensive radiology-performed ultrasound,POCUS focuses on specific clinical questions,providing immediate and actionable insights.This narrative review examines the philosophy behind POCUS,its expanding applications in nephrology,and its impact on patient care,including its role in diagnosing obstructive uropathy,guiding fluid management,and evaluating hemodynamics in cardiorenal syndrome.Additionally,the review addresses barriers to widespread adoption,such as the need for structured training,competency validation,and interdisciplinary cooperation.By integrating POCUS into routine practice,nephrologists can refine diagnostic accuracy,improve patient outcomes,and strengthen the role of bedside medicine.
