[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the impact of interventions based on the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation(CSM)on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome(A...[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the impact of interventions based on the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation(CSM)on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS),providing evidence-based support for clinical practice.[Methods]A systematic review was conducted using a literature search method,systematically searching through Chinese and English databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,and VIP Database,from the database inception to December 31,2024.The search focused on studies related to the impact of the CSM on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged ACS patients.Two researchers independently performed literature screening,quality assessment,and data extraction.[Results]A total of 18 studies were included,comprising 12 randomized controlled trials,4 quasi-experimental studies,and 2 cohort studies,involving 2847 young and middle-aged ACS patients.Interventions based on the CSM significantly improved patients disease perception,emotional regulation,self-efficacy,and quality of life.Patients in the intervention group showed significant reductions in anxiety and depression levels,cardiac-related fear,and improvements in disease perception accuracy,treatment adherence,and social function recovery.[Conclusions]Interventions based on the CSM can effectively promote the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged ACS patients,improve their disease perception and emotional state,and enhance their quality of life.It is recommended that this model be widely applied in the clinical care of young and middle-aged ACS patients.展开更多
Given the crucial role of land surface processes in global and regional climates, there is a pressing need to test and verify the performance of land surface models via comparisons to observations. In this study, the ...Given the crucial role of land surface processes in global and regional climates, there is a pressing need to test and verify the performance of land surface models via comparisons to observations. In this study, the eddy covariance measurements from 20 FLUXNET sites spanning more than 100 site-years were utilized to evaluate the performance of the Common Land Model （CoLM） over different vegetation types in various climate zones. A decomposition method was employed to separate both the observed and simulated energy fluxes, i.e., the sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, net radiation, and ground heat flux, at three timescales ranging from stepwise （30 rain） to monthly. A comparison between the simulations and observations indicated that CoLM produced satisfactory simulations of all four energy fluxes, although the different indexes did not exhibit consistent results among the different fluxes, A strong agreement between the simulations and observations was found for the seasonal cycles at the 20 sites, whereas CoLM underestimated the latent heat flux at the sites with distinct dry and wet seasons, which might be associated with its weakness in simulating soil water during the dry season. CoLM cannot explicitly simulate the midday depression of leaf gas exchange, which may explain why CoLM also has a maximum diurnal bias at noon in the summer. Of the eight selected vegetation types analyzed, CoLM performs best for evergreen broadleaf forests and worst for croplands and wetlands.展开更多
Allometric biomass models are efficient tools to estimate biomass of trees and forest stands in a non-destructive way. Development of species-specific allometric biomass models requires extensive fieldwork and time. O...Allometric biomass models are efficient tools to estimate biomass of trees and forest stands in a non-destructive way. Development of species-specific allometric biomass models requires extensive fieldwork and time. Our study aimed to generate species-specific allometric biomass models for the most common fuelwood and timber species of Bangladesh. We also wanted to evaluate the performances of our models relative to the performances of regional and commonly used pan-tropical biomass models. We used semi-destructive method that incorporates tree-level volume, species-specific biomass expansion factor (BEF), and wood density. We considered four base models, 1) Ln (biomass) = a + bLn (D);2) Ln (biomass) = a + bLn (H);3) Ln (Biomass) = a + bLn (D^2H);4) Ln (Biomass) = a + bLn (D) + cLn (H) to develop species-specific best-fitted models for Total Above-Ground Biomass (TAGB) and stem biomass. The best-fitted model for each species was selected by the lowest value of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Residual Standard Error (RSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The derived best-fitted models were then evaluated with respect to regional and pan-tropical models using a separate set of observed data. This evaluation was conducted by computing ME (Model Efficiency) and MPE (Model Prediction Error). The best-fitted allometric biomass models have shown higher model efficiency (0.85 to 0.99 at scale 1) and the lowest model prediction error (-8.94% to 5.27%) compared to the regional and pan-tropical models. All the examined regional and pan-tropical biomass models showed different magnitude of ME and MPE. Some models showed higher level (>0.90 at scale 1) of ME compared to the best-fitted specific species biomass model.展开更多
Towards a better understanding of hydrological interactions between the land surface and atmosphere, land surface mod- els are routinely used to simulate hydro-meteorological fluxes. However, there is a lack of observ...Towards a better understanding of hydrological interactions between the land surface and atmosphere, land surface mod- els are routinely used to simulate hydro-meteorological fluxes. However, there is a lack of observations available for model forcing, to estimate the hydro-meteorological fluxes in East Asia. In this study, Common Land Model （CLM） was used in offline-mode during the summer monsoon period of 2006 in East Asia, with different forcings from Asiaflux, Korea Land Data Assimilation System （KLDAS）, and Global Land Data Assimilation System （GLDAS）, at point and regional scales, separately. The CLM results were compared with observations from Asiaflux sites. The estimated net radiation showed good agreement, with r = 0.99 for the point scale and 0.85 for the regional scale. The estimated sensible and latent heat fluxes using Asiaflux and KLDAS data indicated reasonable agreement, with r = 0.70. The estimated soil moisture and soil temperature showed similar patterns to observations, although the estimated water fluxes using KLDAS showed larger discrepancies than those of Asiaflux because of scale mismatch. The spatial distribution of hydro-meteorological fluxes according to KLDAS for East Asia were compared to the CLM results with GLDAS, and the GLDAS provided online. The spatial distributions of CLM with KLDAS were analogous to CLM with GLDAS, and the standalone GLDAS data. The results indicate that KLDAS is a good potential source of high spatial resolution forcing data. Therefore, the KLDAS is a promising alternative product, capable of compensating for the lack of observations and low resolution grid data for East Asia.展开更多
Mouse and non-human primate models of neurodegenerative disease：The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases continues to increase with ever increasing aging population over the age of 60.Although the dif...Mouse and non-human primate models of neurodegenerative disease：The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases continues to increase with ever increasing aging population over the age of 60.Although the difficulties associated with neurodegenerative diseases present an urgent global issue,there is no effective treatment for these conditions.展开更多
In the previous study, we suggested the concept of new TQM based on the consideration of basic concept of Quality Control. Also, in the previous study, we suggested the target domains and entities of product and proce...In the previous study, we suggested the concept of new TQM based on the consideration of basic concept of Quality Control. Also, in the previous study, we suggested the target domains and entities of product and process based on the TQM Matrix and view point of Three Dimensional Unification Value Models for managing quality of organization systems. Furthermore, in the previous study, we suggest the Common Management Process of organizations. Based on the above suggestion, in this paper, we would like to propose the Common Management Process Model of Total Quality Management based on the consideration of situation analysis and more precise definition of TQM Matrix and Three Dimensional Unification Value Model of “Product and Process”. Improvement of quality and efficiency of organization management can be expected by the integration of conventional different management such as quality assurance, quality improvement, risk management, investment individually from the view point of common management process.展开更多
This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power...This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.展开更多
The Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF)describes the effects of sound reflection and scattering caused by the environment and the human body when sound signals are transmitted from a source to the human ear.It contai...The Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF)describes the effects of sound reflection and scattering caused by the environment and the human body when sound signals are transmitted from a source to the human ear.It contains a significant amount of auditory cue information used for sound localization.Consequently,HRTF renders 3D audio accurately in numerous immersive multimedia applications.Because HRTF is high-dimensional,complex,and nonlinear,it is a relatively large and intricate dataset,typically consisting of hundreds of thousands of samples.Storing HRTF requires a significant amount of storage space in practical applications.Based on this,high-dimensional,complex,and nonlinear HRTFs need to be compressed and reconstructed.In this study,inspired by the conventional common-pole/zero model,we propose a method for representing HRTF based on the common-pole/zero model and principal component analysis(PCA).Our method utilizes human auditory features and extends the traditional Common-Acoustical-Pole/Zero(CAPZ)method to estimate the common pole and zero coefficients across multiple subjects.Subsequently,the zero coefficients are compressed using the PCA procedure.Experimental results on the CIPIC database show that the compression ratio can reach 9.5%when the average spectral distortion is less than 2 dB.展开更多
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)put forward the proposal of establishing a social governance model based on collaboration,participation,and common interests,with the aim of developing ne...The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)put forward the proposal of establishing a social governance model based on collaboration,participation,and common interests,with the aim of developing new approaches to social governance and further modernizing China’s social system and capacity for governance.As a structuralized social relation addressing diversified governance bodies,the model has consolidated the social governance innovations achieved since the 18th CPC National Congress.Focusing on three dimensions—"value,""structure"and"roadmap,"this paper tries to interpret the value connotations and defining features behind the model and explores its development roadmap.Such a social governance model is a response to political,social and public value appeals,and an adjustment to the order of governance bodies,resource allocations and the benefit distribution structure.Its construction is a systematic and long-term project,which should aim continuously at satisfying people’s ever-higher needs,perfecting laws and regulations,cultivating a pool of specialized organizations and talents,exerting the technology advantages of the Internet in governance,and promoting socialization,legalization,specialization and intellectualization in social development.展开更多
Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, a...Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, and more. However, their widespread usage emphasizes the critical need to enhance their security posture to ensure the integrity and reliability of their outputs and minimize harmful effects. Prompt injections and training data poisoning attacks are two of the most prominent vulnerabilities in LLMs, which could potentially lead to unpredictable and undesirable behaviors, such as biased outputs, misinformation propagation, and even malicious content generation. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework provides a standardized approach to capturing the principal characteristics of vulnerabilities, facilitating a deeper understanding of their severity within the security and AI communities. By extending the current CVSS framework, we generate scores for these vulnerabilities such that organizations can prioritize mitigation efforts, allocate resources effectively, and implement targeted security measures to defend against potential risks.展开更多
Information Commons(IC,信息共享中心)是20世纪90年代国外高校图书馆为适应用户需求的变化而建立起来的一种新型的图书馆服务模式。本文阐明了IC兴起的背景及其发展和应用;分析了其构成要素和服务模式;从4个方面探讨了对我国图书馆的...Information Commons(IC,信息共享中心)是20世纪90年代国外高校图书馆为适应用户需求的变化而建立起来的一种新型的图书馆服务模式。本文阐明了IC兴起的背景及其发展和应用;分析了其构成要素和服务模式;从4个方面探讨了对我国图书馆的启示和借鉴作用。展开更多
基金Supported by Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(22Q149,19Y090).
文摘[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the impact of interventions based on the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation(CSM)on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS),providing evidence-based support for clinical practice.[Methods]A systematic review was conducted using a literature search method,systematically searching through Chinese and English databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,and VIP Database,from the database inception to December 31,2024.The search focused on studies related to the impact of the CSM on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged ACS patients.Two researchers independently performed literature screening,quality assessment,and data extraction.[Results]A total of 18 studies were included,comprising 12 randomized controlled trials,4 quasi-experimental studies,and 2 cohort studies,involving 2847 young and middle-aged ACS patients.Interventions based on the CSM significantly improved patients disease perception,emotional regulation,self-efficacy,and quality of life.Patients in the intervention group showed significant reductions in anxiety and depression levels,cardiac-related fear,and improvements in disease perception accuracy,treatment adherence,and social function recovery.[Conclusions]Interventions based on the CSM can effectively promote the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged ACS patients,improve their disease perception and emotional state,and enhance their quality of life.It is recommended that this model be widely applied in the clinical care of young and middle-aged ACS patients.
基金supported by the R&D Special Fund for Nonprofit Industry (Meteorology) (Grant Nos. GYHY200706025, GYHY201206013 and GYHY201306066)
文摘Given the crucial role of land surface processes in global and regional climates, there is a pressing need to test and verify the performance of land surface models via comparisons to observations. In this study, the eddy covariance measurements from 20 FLUXNET sites spanning more than 100 site-years were utilized to evaluate the performance of the Common Land Model （CoLM） over different vegetation types in various climate zones. A decomposition method was employed to separate both the observed and simulated energy fluxes, i.e., the sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, net radiation, and ground heat flux, at three timescales ranging from stepwise （30 rain） to monthly. A comparison between the simulations and observations indicated that CoLM produced satisfactory simulations of all four energy fluxes, although the different indexes did not exhibit consistent results among the different fluxes, A strong agreement between the simulations and observations was found for the seasonal cycles at the 20 sites, whereas CoLM underestimated the latent heat flux at the sites with distinct dry and wet seasons, which might be associated with its weakness in simulating soil water during the dry season. CoLM cannot explicitly simulate the midday depression of leaf gas exchange, which may explain why CoLM also has a maximum diurnal bias at noon in the summer. Of the eight selected vegetation types analyzed, CoLM performs best for evergreen broadleaf forests and worst for croplands and wetlands.
文摘Allometric biomass models are efficient tools to estimate biomass of trees and forest stands in a non-destructive way. Development of species-specific allometric biomass models requires extensive fieldwork and time. Our study aimed to generate species-specific allometric biomass models for the most common fuelwood and timber species of Bangladesh. We also wanted to evaluate the performances of our models relative to the performances of regional and commonly used pan-tropical biomass models. We used semi-destructive method that incorporates tree-level volume, species-specific biomass expansion factor (BEF), and wood density. We considered four base models, 1) Ln (biomass) = a + bLn (D);2) Ln (biomass) = a + bLn (H);3) Ln (Biomass) = a + bLn (D^2H);4) Ln (Biomass) = a + bLn (D) + cLn (H) to develop species-specific best-fitted models for Total Above-Ground Biomass (TAGB) and stem biomass. The best-fitted model for each species was selected by the lowest value of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Residual Standard Error (RSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The derived best-fitted models were then evaluated with respect to regional and pan-tropical models using a separate set of observed data. This evaluation was conducted by computing ME (Model Efficiency) and MPE (Model Prediction Error). The best-fitted allometric biomass models have shown higher model efficiency (0.85 to 0.99 at scale 1) and the lowest model prediction error (-8.94% to 5.27%) compared to the regional and pan-tropical models. All the examined regional and pan-tropical biomass models showed different magnitude of ME and MPE. Some models showed higher level (>0.90 at scale 1) of ME compared to the best-fitted specific species biomass model.
基金supported by Space Core Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICTFuture Planning(NRF-2014M1A3A3A02034789)+1 种基金Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2013R1A1A2A10004743)the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under Grant Weather Information Service Engine(WISE)project,KMA-2012-0001-A
文摘Towards a better understanding of hydrological interactions between the land surface and atmosphere, land surface mod- els are routinely used to simulate hydro-meteorological fluxes. However, there is a lack of observations available for model forcing, to estimate the hydro-meteorological fluxes in East Asia. In this study, Common Land Model （CLM） was used in offline-mode during the summer monsoon period of 2006 in East Asia, with different forcings from Asiaflux, Korea Land Data Assimilation System （KLDAS）, and Global Land Data Assimilation System （GLDAS）, at point and regional scales, separately. The CLM results were compared with observations from Asiaflux sites. The estimated net radiation showed good agreement, with r = 0.99 for the point scale and 0.85 for the regional scale. The estimated sensible and latent heat fluxes using Asiaflux and KLDAS data indicated reasonable agreement, with r = 0.70. The estimated soil moisture and soil temperature showed similar patterns to observations, although the estimated water fluxes using KLDAS showed larger discrepancies than those of Asiaflux because of scale mismatch. The spatial distribution of hydro-meteorological fluxes according to KLDAS for East Asia were compared to the CLM results with GLDAS, and the GLDAS provided online. The spatial distributions of CLM with KLDAS were analogous to CLM with GLDAS, and the standalone GLDAS data. The results indicate that KLDAS is a good potential source of high spatial resolution forcing data. Therefore, the KLDAS is a promising alternative product, capable of compensating for the lack of observations and low resolution grid data for East Asia.
文摘Mouse and non-human primate models of neurodegenerative disease：The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases continues to increase with ever increasing aging population over the age of 60.Although the difficulties associated with neurodegenerative diseases present an urgent global issue,there is no effective treatment for these conditions.
文摘In the previous study, we suggested the concept of new TQM based on the consideration of basic concept of Quality Control. Also, in the previous study, we suggested the target domains and entities of product and process based on the TQM Matrix and view point of Three Dimensional Unification Value Models for managing quality of organization systems. Furthermore, in the previous study, we suggest the Common Management Process of organizations. Based on the above suggestion, in this paper, we would like to propose the Common Management Process Model of Total Quality Management based on the consideration of situation analysis and more precise definition of TQM Matrix and Three Dimensional Unification Value Model of “Product and Process”. Improvement of quality and efficiency of organization management can be expected by the integration of conventional different management such as quality assurance, quality improvement, risk management, investment individually from the view point of common management process.
文摘This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.
文摘The Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF)describes the effects of sound reflection and scattering caused by the environment and the human body when sound signals are transmitted from a source to the human ear.It contains a significant amount of auditory cue information used for sound localization.Consequently,HRTF renders 3D audio accurately in numerous immersive multimedia applications.Because HRTF is high-dimensional,complex,and nonlinear,it is a relatively large and intricate dataset,typically consisting of hundreds of thousands of samples.Storing HRTF requires a significant amount of storage space in practical applications.Based on this,high-dimensional,complex,and nonlinear HRTFs need to be compressed and reconstructed.In this study,inspired by the conventional common-pole/zero model,we propose a method for representing HRTF based on the common-pole/zero model and principal component analysis(PCA).Our method utilizes human auditory features and extends the traditional Common-Acoustical-Pole/Zero(CAPZ)method to estimate the common pole and zero coefficients across multiple subjects.Subsequently,the zero coefficients are compressed using the PCA procedure.Experimental results on the CIPIC database show that the compression ratio can reach 9.5%when the average spectral distortion is less than 2 dB.
基金a staged research result of "Studies on the Path of Local Governments to Orderly Promote the Classification and Development of Social Organizations,"a research program sponsored by the National Social Sciences Fund(17BSH107)
文摘The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)put forward the proposal of establishing a social governance model based on collaboration,participation,and common interests,with the aim of developing new approaches to social governance and further modernizing China’s social system and capacity for governance.As a structuralized social relation addressing diversified governance bodies,the model has consolidated the social governance innovations achieved since the 18th CPC National Congress.Focusing on three dimensions—"value,""structure"and"roadmap,"this paper tries to interpret the value connotations and defining features behind the model and explores its development roadmap.Such a social governance model is a response to political,social and public value appeals,and an adjustment to the order of governance bodies,resource allocations and the benefit distribution structure.Its construction is a systematic and long-term project,which should aim continuously at satisfying people’s ever-higher needs,perfecting laws and regulations,cultivating a pool of specialized organizations and talents,exerting the technology advantages of the Internet in governance,and promoting socialization,legalization,specialization and intellectualization in social development.
文摘Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, and more. However, their widespread usage emphasizes the critical need to enhance their security posture to ensure the integrity and reliability of their outputs and minimize harmful effects. Prompt injections and training data poisoning attacks are two of the most prominent vulnerabilities in LLMs, which could potentially lead to unpredictable and undesirable behaviors, such as biased outputs, misinformation propagation, and even malicious content generation. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework provides a standardized approach to capturing the principal characteristics of vulnerabilities, facilitating a deeper understanding of their severity within the security and AI communities. By extending the current CVSS framework, we generate scores for these vulnerabilities such that organizations can prioritize mitigation efforts, allocate resources effectively, and implement targeted security measures to defend against potential risks.
