Codonopsis pilosula is a major Qi-tonifying medicinal herb,and its active composition is analyzed systematically.However,the relationship between its production origins and commodity specification grades with the acti...Codonopsis pilosula is a major Qi-tonifying medicinal herb,and its active composition is analyzed systematically.However,the relationship between its production origins and commodity specification grades with the active composition of C.pilosula lacks systematic research.This study integrates the HPLC and UV-Vis methodologies to evaluate the quality of C.pilosula from commodity specification grades and different origins,and it explores the correlation between ecological factors and production origins with active components.Here,network pharmacology is used to determine that lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I have potential efficacy in treating pulmonary fibrosis and oxidative stress.The HPLC and UV-Vis methods were employed to quantitatively analyse the levels of five active compounds from different origins and commodity specification grades.Ecological factors were collected from the different production origins with ArcGIS,and correlation analysis was conducted between these factors and the active components of C.pilosula to identify the key ecological influences that drive the accumulation of active compounds.Results showed that network pharmacology analyses indicated that the active components of C.pilosula,including lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I,bind to targets and exhibit antioxidant and antipulmonary fibrosis effects.Differences in the contents of active components across three commodity specification grades were not significant.The contents of active components in C.pilosula showed differences with varying origins,with the most variation observed in soluble sugar content,and notable variations are also observed in the levels of lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I,which could serve as potential biomarkers for different origins.Additionally,ecological factors influenced the accumulation of C.pilosula’s active components.The contents of soluble sugars and tangshenoside I were positively correlated with temperature and precipitation.Our study evaluated the active components of C.pilosula,and findings show that lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I have potential efficacy in treating pulmonary fibrosis and oxidative stress.The differences in the quality of C.pilosula across varying commodity specification grades are not significant.The different contents of C.pilosula across varying origins are significant,with soluble sugars and glycosides serving as potential markers for distinguishing C.pilosula from different origins.Moreover,ecological factors drove the accumulation of C.pilosula components.Soluble sugars and tangshenoside I content were particularly influenced by temperature and precipitation.Sand content and electrical conductivity significantly correlated with syringin,whereas organic carbon negatively influenced total flavonoids.This research provides a theoretical basis for the selection of the C.pilosula growing area and lays a foundation for the study of the C.pilosula quality standard.展开更多
Objective:Saposhnikoviae Radix(Fangfeng in Chinese),the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata,lacks commodity specification and grade standardization in the current market.This study investigated the existing specificatio...Objective:Saposhnikoviae Radix(Fangfeng in Chinese),the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata,lacks commodity specification and grade standardization in the current market.This study investigated the existing specifications and grades of Saposhnikoviae Radix to provide a standardized scientific reference for its market use.Methods:Based on a textual research of Chinese herbal medicine from the Han Dynasty to the present,medicinal materials of different specifications and grades obtained from Saposhnikoviae Radix in the main producing areas of China were collected and the markets for these materials were investigated.Field investigations were performed in the major producing areas such as Northeast China,Hebei Province,and Inner Mongolia.Four major Chinese herbal medicine markets in China were investigated.Sensory indices were used to categorize the two specifications(wild and cultivated)according to the shape,color,texture,and cross-section.High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to determine the active components.Vernier calipers and measuring tape were used to measure the diameter and length,respectively,of 41 samples.Using Excel and the R Language software,cluster analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were performed to assist in the application of new specifications and grades based on physical characteristics,pharmacological activity,and chemical composition.Results:The two specifications(wild and cultivated)of Saposhnikoviae Radix were divided into three grades each based on the length and diameter.Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin,5-O-methylvisamminoside,and the length of Saposhnikoviae Radix can be used as a basis for classifying the commodity specifications and grades.The specifications and grade standards of Saposhnikoviae Radix were established based on the following eight aspects:shape,surface characteristics,texture,cross section,taste,prim-Oglucosylcimifugin content,5-O-methylvisamminoside content and length.Conclusion:The formulation of this standard stipulates the commodity specification level of Saposhnikoviae Radix.It is also suitable for the evaluation of commodity specifications in the process of production,circulation and use of Saposhnikoviae Radix.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key R&D Plan(2022YFC3501804)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(No.ZZ13-YQ-049)National Natural Science Foundation of China(ZXKT22001).
文摘Codonopsis pilosula is a major Qi-tonifying medicinal herb,and its active composition is analyzed systematically.However,the relationship between its production origins and commodity specification grades with the active composition of C.pilosula lacks systematic research.This study integrates the HPLC and UV-Vis methodologies to evaluate the quality of C.pilosula from commodity specification grades and different origins,and it explores the correlation between ecological factors and production origins with active components.Here,network pharmacology is used to determine that lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I have potential efficacy in treating pulmonary fibrosis and oxidative stress.The HPLC and UV-Vis methods were employed to quantitatively analyse the levels of five active compounds from different origins and commodity specification grades.Ecological factors were collected from the different production origins with ArcGIS,and correlation analysis was conducted between these factors and the active components of C.pilosula to identify the key ecological influences that drive the accumulation of active compounds.Results showed that network pharmacology analyses indicated that the active components of C.pilosula,including lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I,bind to targets and exhibit antioxidant and antipulmonary fibrosis effects.Differences in the contents of active components across three commodity specification grades were not significant.The contents of active components in C.pilosula showed differences with varying origins,with the most variation observed in soluble sugar content,and notable variations are also observed in the levels of lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I,which could serve as potential biomarkers for different origins.Additionally,ecological factors influenced the accumulation of C.pilosula’s active components.The contents of soluble sugars and tangshenoside I were positively correlated with temperature and precipitation.Our study evaluated the active components of C.pilosula,and findings show that lobetyolin,syringin,and tangshenoside I have potential efficacy in treating pulmonary fibrosis and oxidative stress.The differences in the quality of C.pilosula across varying commodity specification grades are not significant.The different contents of C.pilosula across varying origins are significant,with soluble sugars and glycosides serving as potential markers for distinguishing C.pilosula from different origins.Moreover,ecological factors drove the accumulation of C.pilosula components.Soluble sugars and tangshenoside I content were particularly influenced by temperature and precipitation.Sand content and electrical conductivity significantly correlated with syringin,whereas organic carbon negatively influenced total flavonoids.This research provides a theoretical basis for the selection of the C.pilosula growing area and lays a foundation for the study of the C.pilosula quality standard.
基金supported by 2017 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Commission Planning Research Project for“Study on specification and grade of Saposhnikoviae Radix”(No.201703058)“the Fourth Survey on Chinese Materia Medica Resource”[No.Finance Society[2019]39]+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-21)Transformation Program of Scientifific and Technological Achievements of Inner Mongolia(No.CGZH2018174)。
文摘Objective:Saposhnikoviae Radix(Fangfeng in Chinese),the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata,lacks commodity specification and grade standardization in the current market.This study investigated the existing specifications and grades of Saposhnikoviae Radix to provide a standardized scientific reference for its market use.Methods:Based on a textual research of Chinese herbal medicine from the Han Dynasty to the present,medicinal materials of different specifications and grades obtained from Saposhnikoviae Radix in the main producing areas of China were collected and the markets for these materials were investigated.Field investigations were performed in the major producing areas such as Northeast China,Hebei Province,and Inner Mongolia.Four major Chinese herbal medicine markets in China were investigated.Sensory indices were used to categorize the two specifications(wild and cultivated)according to the shape,color,texture,and cross-section.High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to determine the active components.Vernier calipers and measuring tape were used to measure the diameter and length,respectively,of 41 samples.Using Excel and the R Language software,cluster analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were performed to assist in the application of new specifications and grades based on physical characteristics,pharmacological activity,and chemical composition.Results:The two specifications(wild and cultivated)of Saposhnikoviae Radix were divided into three grades each based on the length and diameter.Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin,5-O-methylvisamminoside,and the length of Saposhnikoviae Radix can be used as a basis for classifying the commodity specifications and grades.The specifications and grade standards of Saposhnikoviae Radix were established based on the following eight aspects:shape,surface characteristics,texture,cross section,taste,prim-Oglucosylcimifugin content,5-O-methylvisamminoside content and length.Conclusion:The formulation of this standard stipulates the commodity specification level of Saposhnikoviae Radix.It is also suitable for the evaluation of commodity specifications in the process of production,circulation and use of Saposhnikoviae Radix.
