In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison,...In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperationsuitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education inChina. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China wereanalyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under thecurrent situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of greatsignificance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-studycombination in national model colleges and key universities.展开更多
Coherent polarization beam combination （CPBC） is a new kind of coherent beam combination configuration with high combining efficiency and excellent beam quality. In order to extend the CPBC system to a large scale, ...Coherent polarization beam combination （CPBC） is a new kind of coherent beam combination configuration with high combining efficiency and excellent beam quality. In order to extend the CPBC system to a large scale, we provide a comparative study on the power scaling performance of three different coherent polarization beam combination system structures. It is found that the pairwise structure has high tolerance to aberrations and has the potential to extend to a large scale with high combining efficiency. In consideration of all the aberrations, the combining efficiency of the pairwise structure can be attained as high as 90% when the combined beams are more than 200. Some instructive suggestions are given to extend the CPBC system to a large scale.展开更多
With the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),geodetic GNSS receivers have been utilized to monitor sea levels using GNSS-Interferometry Reflectometry(GNSS-IR)technology.The multi-mode,multi-freque...With the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),geodetic GNSS receivers have been utilized to monitor sea levels using GNSS-Interferometry Reflectometry(GNSS-IR)technology.The multi-mode,multi-frequency signals of GPS,GLONASS,Galileo,and Beidou can be used for GNSS-IR sea level retrieval,but combining these retrievals remains problematic.To address this issue,a GNSS-IR sea level retrieval combination system has been developed,which begins by analyzing error sources in GNSS-IR sea level retrieval and establishing and solving the GNSS-IR retrieval equation.This paper focuses on two key points:time window selection and equation stability.The stability of the retrieval combination equations is determined by the condition number of the coefficient matrix within the time window.The impact of ill-conditioned coefficient matrices on the retrieval results is demonstrated using an extreme case of SNR data with only ascending or descending trajectories.After determining the time window and removing ill-conditioned equations,the multi-mode,multi-frequency GNSS-IR retrieval is performed.Results from three International GNSS Service(IGS)stations show that the combination method produces high-precision,high-resolution,and high-reliability sea level retrieval combination sequences.展开更多
In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison...In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperation suitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education in China. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China were analyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under the current situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of great significance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-study combination in national model colleges and key universities.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thiocolchicoside(TCC),a muscle relaxant with anti-inflammatory properties,is often used alongside nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)to treat musculoskeletal pain.This synergistic approach leverage...BACKGROUND Thiocolchicoside(TCC),a muscle relaxant with anti-inflammatory properties,is often used alongside nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)to treat musculoskeletal pain.This synergistic approach leverages the complementary mechanisms of action,providing more effective relief for conditions such as arthritis,muscle spasms,and soft tissue injuries.AIM To evaluate the comparative efficacy of the combination therapy of TCC and NSAIDs vs NSAID monotherapy in pain management.METHODS A systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases through October 2024 was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined TCC and NSAID therapy vs NSAIDs alone.A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from India spanning 3 years(2020-2023)examined treatment patterns and focused on clinical outcomes including pain relief,functional improvement,and adverse effects.Key metrics for assessment included visual analog scale scores and hand-to-floor distance,with secondary outcomes assessing patient satisfaction and adverse event(AE)incidence.RESULTS A systematic literature search revealed seven studies,involving 1137 subjects,aligning with the eligibility criteria from a total of 833 hits.Combination therapy using parenteral TCC with NSAIDs significantly reduced pain intensity[standardised mean difference(SMD):-1.33,P<0.001]and enhanced functional improvement(SMD:-1.08,P<0.001)compared to NSAIDs alone.Patients on combination therapy are 6.7 times more likely to experience over 30%pain relief and 5.2 times more likely to achieve over 50%pain relief.Post surgery pain reduction and patient satisfaction were notably higher in the combination group[odds ratio(OR)=10.14,P<0.001].There were no significant differences in mild/moderate AE rates between the groups(OR=1.30,P=0.378).CONCLUSION Evidence indicates that multimodal therapy,including parenteral TCC with NSAIDs,provides quicker and effective pain relief,reduces muscle spasms,and improves hand-to-floor distance compared to using NSAIDs or TCC alone.展开更多
Malignant pleural effusion(MPE) is a serious disease caused by malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality.Chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and antiangiogenic therapy are common treatments for MPE at present.However,...Malignant pleural effusion(MPE) is a serious disease caused by malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality.Chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and antiangiogenic therapy are common treatments for MPE at present.However,traditional chemotherapeutic drugs have many side effects and can easily lead to drug resistance in patients.The complex tumor microenvironment(TME) of MPE directly reduces the antitumor efficacy of immunotherapy.Fortunately,drug delivery systems(DDSs) based on biomaterials have the ability to overcome some of the drawbacks of conventional treatments by improving drug stability,increasing the accuracy of tumor cell targeting,reducing toxic side effects,and remodeling TME,ultimately improving drug efficacy.Therefore,the purpose of this review is to provide an overview and discussion of the latest progress in biomaterial-based DDSs for the treatment of MPE.We discuss the application of biomaterials in the treatment of MPE from multiple perspectives,including chemotherapy,immunotherapy,combination therapy,and pleurodesis,where microspheres,cell membrane-derived microparticles(MPs),micelles,nanoparticles,and liposomes,are involved.The application of these biomaterials has been proven to have great potential in the treatment of MPE,providing a new idea for follow-up research.展开更多
Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and ...Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma(AAR)is a common pairing in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).According to earlier studies,they possess properties capable of alleviating the adverse impacts of UVR on the skin.However,the specific actions and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.The study aims to analyze the efficacy of AR-AAR in preventing UVR-induced skin damage and to clarify the associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Potential signaling pathways by which AR and AAR may protect against UVR-induced skin damage were identified with network pharmacology,molecular docking techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Except the normal group,the back skin of SD rats was exposed to 1.1 mW/cm^(2) UVA combined with 0.1 mW/cm^(2) UVB daily,and the UVR skin damage model was established.Morphological features of skin tissues of different groups were discovered through Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE)staining,Masson staining,Weigert staining.ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Interleukin 6(IL-6),Interleukin 1β(IL-1β)and Tumor necrosis factos-α(TNF-α)in skin tissues.RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to quantify the mRNA and protein contents of PI3K,AKT,and MMP-9.Results:Network pharmacology analysis predicts that AR-AAR may improve skin damage induced by UVR through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Histological staining shows that AR-AAR can significantly reduce inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in damaged skin.Treatment with AR-AAR(2:1)significantly reduced the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand ROS in UVR-damaged rat skin.After treatment with AR-AAR(2:1),not only did the relative mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT and the protein expression levels of PI3K,AKT,P-PI3K,and P-AKT increase,but the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-9 decreased.Conclusion:The study indicate that the AR-AAR combination and its active components may mitigate UVR skin damage by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.展开更多
Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify...Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify TSEMF in response to environmental changes.However,there has been limited exploration of multitrait combinations for predicting TS-EMF across seasons and of trait thresholds that enhance TS-EMF.Here,for 10 dominant tree species in urban forests of Northeast China,14 traits were measured and four aboveground and three belowground ecological functions assessed in three seasons.Ecological functions and TS-EMF differed significantly throughout the seasons(P<0.05).Synergistic relationships were found between carbon sequestration and oxygen release,between cooling and humidification,and between organic carbon accumulation and nutrient cycling.Notably,aboveground multifunctionality played a leading role in TS-EMF.With seasonal changes,resource allocation shifted toward traits related to resource acquisition rather than conservation to maintain TS-EMF.The combination of traits that predicted TS-EMF varied by type,accounting for up to 66.45%of the variation.TS-EMF was primarily driven by leaf structure in spring and by nutrient accumulation in autumn.Leaf carbon content(LCC)consistently served as a stabilizing factor for predicting TS-EMF across seasons.At 36.5-36.8 mg g^(-1),LCC had its optimal effect on TS-EMF.Other traits in combination that positively influence total TS-EMF include leaf nitrogen content(3.43-3.45 mg g^(-1)),leaf phosphorus content(0.80-0.83 mg g^(-1)),and leaf area(65.86-68.43 cm^(2)).Within these specified trait thresholds,Morus alba and Quercus mongolica were identified as key species.These findings suggest that the trade-off between various ecological functions can be managed by altering plant traits across seasons.This approach could provide a theoretical foundation for enhancing the TS-EMF of urban forests through trait-based management,offering practical guidance for selecting tree species.展开更多
We develop an ultrafast Yb-fiber laser system based on eight-channel coherent beam combining utilizing commercially available rod-type Yb-fibers.To ensure good combining efficiency and long-term operation of the syste...We develop an ultrafast Yb-fiber laser system based on eight-channel coherent beam combining utilizing commercially available rod-type Yb-fibers.To ensure good combining efficiency and long-term operation of the system at the attosecond laser facility under construction,we fully stabilize the phase,group-delay,and beam-pointing of the eight fiber channels.Especially,we propose a novel multi-step hill climbing method to control both group-delay and beam-pointing.At a repetition rate of 1 MHz,this laser system delivers 270-fs pulses with 1.18-k W average power(1.18-m J pulse energy).The average-power instability of the laser system running for 12 hours is 0.32%.展开更多
Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for h...Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for hydrogen,this paper proposes a bi-level optimization of configurations and scheduling for combined cooling,heating,and power(CCHP)microgrid systems considering shared hybrid electric-hydrogen energy storage service.The upper-level model addresses the capacity allocation problem of energy storage stations,while the lower-level model optimizes the operational strategies for the multi-microgrid system(MMS).To resolve the complexity of the coupled bi-level problem,Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and the Big-M method are applied to reformulate it into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model,compatible with CPLEX.The economic viability and rationality of the proposed approach are verified through comparisons of three cases.Numerical results show that the proposed approach reduces user annual costs by 20.15%compared to MMS without additional energy storage equipment and achieves 100%renewable absorption.For operators,it yields 5.71 M CNY annual profit with 3.02-year payback.Compared to MMS with electricity sharing,it further cuts user costs by 3.84%,boosts operator profit by 60.71%,and shortens payback by 15.88%.展开更多
Based on the Reynolds equation with Reynolds boundary conditions, the Castelli method was employed to solve the Reynolds equation for oil lubrication upon bearings. By doing so, a profile of nonlinear oil film force o...Based on the Reynolds equation with Reynolds boundary conditions, the Castelli method was employed to solve the Reynolds equation for oil lubrication upon bearings. By doing so, a profile of nonlinear oil film force of single-pad journal bearings is established. According to the structure of combination journal bearings, nonlinear oil film force of combination journal bearing is obtained by retrieval, interpolation and assembly techniques. As for symmetrical flexible Jeffcott rotor systems supported by combination journal bearings, the nonlinear motions of the center of the rotor are calculated by the self-adaptive Runge-Kutta method and Poincar6 mapping with different rotational speeds. The numerical results show that the system performance is slightly better when the pivot ratio changes from 0.5 to 0.6, and reveals nonlinear phenomena of periodic, period-doubing, quasi-periodic motion, etc.展开更多
Sorafenib,a molecular targeted multi-kinase inhibitor,has received considerable interests in recent years due to its significant profiles of efficacy in cancer therapy.However,poor pharmacokinetic properties such as l...Sorafenib,a molecular targeted multi-kinase inhibitor,has received considerable interests in recent years due to its significant profiles of efficacy in cancer therapy.However,poor pharmacokinetic properties such as limited water solubility,rapid elimination and metabolism lead to low bioavailability,restricting its further clinical application.Over the past decade,with substantial progress achieved in the development of nanotechnology,various types of smart sorafenib nanoformulations have been developed to improve the targetability as well as the bioavailability of sorafenib.In this review,we summarize various aspects from the preparation and characterization to the evaluation of antitumor efficacy of numerous stimuli-responsive sorafenib nanodelivery systems,particularly with emphasis on their mechanism of drug release and tumor microenvironment response.In addition,this review makes great effort to summarize the nanosystem-based combination therapy of sorafenib with other antitumor agents,which can provide detailed information for further synergistic cancer therapy.In the final section of this review,we also provide a detailed discussion of future challenges and prospects of designing and developing ideal sorafenib nanoformulations for clinical cancer therapy.展开更多
We consider quadratic stabilization for a class of switched systems which are composed of a finite set of continuoustime linear subsystems with norm bounded uncertainties. Under the assumption that there is no single ...We consider quadratic stabilization for a class of switched systems which are composed of a finite set of continuoustime linear subsystems with norm bounded uncertainties. Under the assumption that there is no single quadratically stable subsystem, if a convex combination of subsystems is quadratically stable, then we propose a state-dependent switching law, based on the convex combination of subsystems, such that the entire switched linear system is quadratically stable. When the state information is not available, we extend the discussion to designing an outputdependent switching law by constructing a robust Luenberger observer for each subsystem.展开更多
AIM:To assess the effects of the fixed combination of0.005% latanoprost and 0.5% timolol(FCLT) vs their individual components for primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and ocular hypertension(OHT).· METHODS:After sea...AIM:To assess the effects of the fixed combination of0.005% latanoprost and 0.5% timolol(FCLT) vs their individual components for primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and ocular hypertension(OHT).· METHODS:After searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and SCI, all randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs) and cross-over studies were included. The control groups were the monotherapy or the concomitant therapy of latanoprost and timolol. The outcomes were visual field defect, optic atrophy, mean intraocular pressure(IOP) and IOP fluctuation. The analysis was carried out in RevMan version 5.1 software.RESULTS:Thepost-interventionmeanIOPofFCLTwas significantly lower compared to timolol [mean difference(MD)-2.92, 95%CI-3.28 to-2.55, P 【0.00001] and latanoprost(MD-1.11, 95%CI-1.51 to-0.72, P 【0.00001). The postintervention IOP fluctuation was also significantly lower compared to timolol(MD-0.88, 95%CI-1.23 to-0.53, P 【0. 00001) and latanoprost( MD- 0. 63, 95 % CI- 1. 04to-0.22, P =0.002). The mean IOP was higher in FCLT morning dose group than the one in unfixed combination of 0.005% latanoprost and 0.5% timolol(UFCLT)(MD1.10, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.39, P 【0.00001). Otherwise, there was no difference between FCLT evening dose group and UFCLT(MD 0.34, 95% CI-0.01 to 0.69, P =0.06).There was no statistical difference for the incidence ofvisual field defect and optic atrophy between FCLT and the monotherapy of components.CONCLUSION:A better IOP lowering effect has been demonstrated for FCLT compared to the monotherapy of components. The IOP lowering effect was worse for FCLT morning dose and almost same for FCLT evening dose compared to the UFCLT. We need more long-term high quality RCTs to demonstrate the outcomes of visual field defect and optic atrophy.visual field defect and optic atrophy between FCLT and the monotherapy of components.CONCLUSION:A better IOP lowering effect has been demonstrated for FCLT compared to the monotherapy of components. The IOP lowering effect was worse for FCLT morning dose and almost same for FCLT evening dose compared to the UFCLT. We need more long-term high quality RCTs to demonstrate the outcomes of visual field defect and optic atrophy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Ma...BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Many patients have reached the advanced stage when the second primary tumor is found,resulting in no early intervention and treatment.This is due to the misunderstanding of MPMTs by clinicians,who treat such tumors as metastases.Therefore,before a patient has a second primary tumor,doctors should understand some common combinations of digestive system MPMTs to provide clinical guidance to the patient.AIM To explore the high incidence combination of digestive system MPMTs under heterochronism and synchronization.METHODS A total of 1902 patients with MPMTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into metachronous MPMT and synchronous MPMT groups,and then the high incidence combinations of the first primary cancer and the second primary cancer in metachronous cancer and synchronous cancer were sorted.Sex and age differences between metachronous and synchronous tumors were tested by the chi square test and t test,respectively.A P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and SPSS version 26.0(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,Illinois,United States)was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Among the 1902 patients with MPMTs confirmed by pathology,1811(95.2%)cases were secondary primary cancers,89(4.7%)cases were tertiary primary cancers,and 2(0.1%)cases were quaternary primary cancers.Most(88.2%)of the secondary primary cancers were identified as metachronous multiple primary cancers six months after diagnosis of the first primary cancer.The top ten most common MPMTs in the first primary cancer group ranged from high to low as follows:Breast cancer,thyroid cancer,nonuterine cancer,lung cancer,colon cancer,kidney cancer,uterine cancer,bladder cancer,rectal cancer,and gastric cancer.The highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in male metachronous cancer was lung cancer(11.6%),the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was still lung cancer(24.9%),the highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in female metachronous cancer was breast cancer(32.7%),and the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was lung cancer(20.8%).Among them,breast cancer,nonuterine cancer and uterine cancer were female-specific malignant tumor types,and thyroid cancer also accounted for 79.6%of female patients.The top five metachronous cancer combinations,independent of female-specific malignant tumor types and thyroid cancer,were colon cancer and lung cancer(26 cases),kidney cancer and lung cancer(25 cases),rectal cancer and lung cancer(20 cases),gastric cancer and lung cancer(17 cases),and bladder cancer and lung cancer(17 cases).The most common synchronous cancer combination was colon cancer and rectal cancer(15 cases).CONCLUSION Screening for lung cancer should be performed six months after the detection of colon cancer while rectal cancer screening should be performed within six months.展开更多
AIMTo compare the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) alone or in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) vs PDT in patients with symptomatic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).METHODSA systematic sear...AIMTo compare the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) alone or in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) vs PDT in patients with symptomatic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).METHODSA systematic search of a wide range of databases (including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) was searched to identify relevant studies. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT studies were included. Methodological quality of included literatures was evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RevMan 5.2.7 software was used to do the Meta-analysis.RESULTSThree RCTs and 6 retrospective studies were included. The results showed that PDT monotherapy had a significantly higher proportion in patients who achieved complete regression of polyps than IVR monotherapy at months 3, 6, and 12 (All P≤0.01), respectively. However, IVR had a tendency to be more effective in improving vision on the basis of RCTs. The proportion of patients who gained complete regression of polyps revealed that there was no significant difference between the combination treatment and PDT monotherapy. The mean change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline showed that the combination treatment had significant superiority in improving vision vs PDT monotherapy at months 3, 6 and 24 (All P<0.05), respectively. In the mean time, this comparison result was also significant at month 12 (P<0.01) after removal of a heterogeneous study.CONCLUSIONIVR has non-inferiority compare with PDT either in stabilizing or in improving vision, although it can hardly promote the regression of polyps. The combination treatment of PDT and IVR can exert a synergistic effect on regressing polyps and on maintaining or improving visual acuity. Thus, it can be the first-line therapy for PCV.展开更多
Platinum-based anticancer agents are widely used as first-line drugs in cancer chemotherapy for various solid tumors.However,great side effects and occurrence of resistance remain as the major drawbacks for almost all...Platinum-based anticancer agents are widely used as first-line drugs in cancer chemotherapy for various solid tumors.However,great side effects and occurrence of resistance remain as the major drawbacks for almost all the platinum drugs developed.To conquer these problems,new strategies should be adopted for platinum drug based chemotherapy.Modern nanotechnology has been widely employed in the delivery of various therapeutics and diagnostic.It provides the possibility of targeted delivery of a certain anticancer drug to the tumor site,which could minimize toxicity and optimize the drug efficacy.Here,in this review,we focused on the recent progress in polymer based drug delivery systems for platinum-based combination therapy.展开更多
Characterization of real-time and ultrafast motions of the complex molecules at surface and interface is critical to understand how interracial molecules function. It requires to develop surface-sensitive, fast-identi...Characterization of real-time and ultrafast motions of the complex molecules at surface and interface is critical to understand how interracial molecules function. It requires to develop surface-sensitive, fast-identification, and time-resolved techniques. In this study, we employ several key technical procedures and successfully develop a highly sensitive femtosecond time-resolved sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy （SFG-VS） system. This system is able to measure the spectra with two polarization combinations （ssp and ppp, or psp and ssp） simultaneously. It takes less than several seconds to collect one spectrum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the fastest speed of collecting SFG spectra reported by now. Using the time-resolved measurement, ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the N-H mode of α-helical peptide at water interface is determined. It is found that the membrane environment does not affect the N-H vibrational relaxation dynamics. It is expected that the time-resolved SFG system will play a vital role in the deep understanding of the dynamics and interaction of the complex molecules at surface and interface. Our method may also provide an important technical proposal for the people who plan to develop time-resolved SFG systems with simultaneous measurement of multiple polarization combinations.展开更多
The alternate combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network （AGANN） has been presented to correct the systematic error of the density functional theory （DFT） calculation. It treats the DFT as a bl...The alternate combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network （AGANN） has been presented to correct the systematic error of the density functional theory （DFT） calculation. It treats the DFT as a black box and models the error through external statistical information. As a demonstration, the ACANN method has been applied in the correction of the lattice energies from the DFT calculation for 72 metal halides and hydrides. Through the AGANN correction, the mean absolute value of the relative errors of the calculated lattice energies to the experimental values decreases from 4.93% to 1.20% in the testing set. For comparison, the neural network approach reduces the mean value to 2.56%. And for the common combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network, the value drops to 2.15%. The multiple linear regression method almost has no correction effect here.展开更多
Depending on double compound synchronization and compound combination synchronization, a new kind of syn- chronization is introduced which is the double compound combination synchronization （DCCS） of eight n-dimensi...Depending on double compound synchronization and compound combination synchronization, a new kind of syn- chronization is introduced which is the double compound combination synchronization （DCCS） of eight n-dimensional chaotic systems. This kind may be considered as a generalization of many types of synchronization. In the communica- tion, based on many of drive and response systems, the transmitted and received signals will be more secure. Using the Lyapunov stability theory and nonlinear feedback control, analytical formulas of control functions are obtained to insure our results. The corresponding analytical expression and numerical treatment are used to show the validity and feasibility of our proposed synchronization scheme. The eight memristor-based Chua oscillators are considered as an example. Other examples can be similarly investigated. The proposed synchronization technique is supported using the MATLAB simula- tion outcomes. We obtain the same results of numerical treatment of our synchronization using simulation observations of our example.展开更多
文摘In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperationsuitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education inChina. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China wereanalyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under thecurrent situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of greatsignificance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-studycombination in national model colleges and key universities.
文摘Coherent polarization beam combination （CPBC） is a new kind of coherent beam combination configuration with high combining efficiency and excellent beam quality. In order to extend the CPBC system to a large scale, we provide a comparative study on the power scaling performance of three different coherent polarization beam combination system structures. It is found that the pairwise structure has high tolerance to aberrations and has the potential to extend to a large scale with high combining efficiency. In consideration of all the aberrations, the combining efficiency of the pairwise structure can be attained as high as 90% when the combined beams are more than 200. Some instructive suggestions are given to extend the CPBC system to a large scale.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42004018)。
文摘With the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),geodetic GNSS receivers have been utilized to monitor sea levels using GNSS-Interferometry Reflectometry(GNSS-IR)technology.The multi-mode,multi-frequency signals of GPS,GLONASS,Galileo,and Beidou can be used for GNSS-IR sea level retrieval,but combining these retrievals remains problematic.To address this issue,a GNSS-IR sea level retrieval combination system has been developed,which begins by analyzing error sources in GNSS-IR sea level retrieval and establishing and solving the GNSS-IR retrieval equation.This paper focuses on two key points:time window selection and equation stability.The stability of the retrieval combination equations is determined by the condition number of the coefficient matrix within the time window.The impact of ill-conditioned coefficient matrices on the retrieval results is demonstrated using an extreme case of SNR data with only ascending or descending trajectories.After determining the time window and removing ill-conditioned equations,the multi-mode,multi-frequency GNSS-IR retrieval is performed.Results from three International GNSS Service(IGS)stations show that the combination method produces high-precision,high-resolution,and high-reliability sea level retrieval combination sequences.
文摘In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperation suitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education in China. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China were analyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under the current situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of great significance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-study combination in national model colleges and key universities.
文摘BACKGROUND Thiocolchicoside(TCC),a muscle relaxant with anti-inflammatory properties,is often used alongside nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)to treat musculoskeletal pain.This synergistic approach leverages the complementary mechanisms of action,providing more effective relief for conditions such as arthritis,muscle spasms,and soft tissue injuries.AIM To evaluate the comparative efficacy of the combination therapy of TCC and NSAIDs vs NSAID monotherapy in pain management.METHODS A systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases through October 2024 was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined TCC and NSAID therapy vs NSAIDs alone.A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from India spanning 3 years(2020-2023)examined treatment patterns and focused on clinical outcomes including pain relief,functional improvement,and adverse effects.Key metrics for assessment included visual analog scale scores and hand-to-floor distance,with secondary outcomes assessing patient satisfaction and adverse event(AE)incidence.RESULTS A systematic literature search revealed seven studies,involving 1137 subjects,aligning with the eligibility criteria from a total of 833 hits.Combination therapy using parenteral TCC with NSAIDs significantly reduced pain intensity[standardised mean difference(SMD):-1.33,P<0.001]and enhanced functional improvement(SMD:-1.08,P<0.001)compared to NSAIDs alone.Patients on combination therapy are 6.7 times more likely to experience over 30%pain relief and 5.2 times more likely to achieve over 50%pain relief.Post surgery pain reduction and patient satisfaction were notably higher in the combination group[odds ratio(OR)=10.14,P<0.001].There were no significant differences in mild/moderate AE rates between the groups(OR=1.30,P=0.378).CONCLUSION Evidence indicates that multimodal therapy,including parenteral TCC with NSAIDs,provides quicker and effective pain relief,reduces muscle spasms,and improves hand-to-floor distance compared to using NSAIDs or TCC alone.
基金financial support from the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (Nos.2024ZD0522800,2024ZD0522803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U21A20417,31930067,31800797)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (No.2024NSFSC0046)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No.2022YFS0333)the 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University (No.ZYGD24003)。
文摘Malignant pleural effusion(MPE) is a serious disease caused by malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality.Chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and antiangiogenic therapy are common treatments for MPE at present.However,traditional chemotherapeutic drugs have many side effects and can easily lead to drug resistance in patients.The complex tumor microenvironment(TME) of MPE directly reduces the antitumor efficacy of immunotherapy.Fortunately,drug delivery systems(DDSs) based on biomaterials have the ability to overcome some of the drawbacks of conventional treatments by improving drug stability,increasing the accuracy of tumor cell targeting,reducing toxic side effects,and remodeling TME,ultimately improving drug efficacy.Therefore,the purpose of this review is to provide an overview and discussion of the latest progress in biomaterial-based DDSs for the treatment of MPE.We discuss the application of biomaterials in the treatment of MPE from multiple perspectives,including chemotherapy,immunotherapy,combination therapy,and pleurodesis,where microspheres,cell membrane-derived microparticles(MPs),micelles,nanoparticles,and liposomes,are involved.The application of these biomaterials has been proven to have great potential in the treatment of MPE,providing a new idea for follow-up research.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Qinchuang Yuan“scientist+engineer”team construction(No.2023KXJ-080)Shaanxi Chiral Drug Engineering Technology Research Center(Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province.No.[2011]-251).
文摘Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma(AAR)is a common pairing in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).According to earlier studies,they possess properties capable of alleviating the adverse impacts of UVR on the skin.However,the specific actions and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.The study aims to analyze the efficacy of AR-AAR in preventing UVR-induced skin damage and to clarify the associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Potential signaling pathways by which AR and AAR may protect against UVR-induced skin damage were identified with network pharmacology,molecular docking techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Except the normal group,the back skin of SD rats was exposed to 1.1 mW/cm^(2) UVA combined with 0.1 mW/cm^(2) UVB daily,and the UVR skin damage model was established.Morphological features of skin tissues of different groups were discovered through Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE)staining,Masson staining,Weigert staining.ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Interleukin 6(IL-6),Interleukin 1β(IL-1β)and Tumor necrosis factos-α(TNF-α)in skin tissues.RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to quantify the mRNA and protein contents of PI3K,AKT,and MMP-9.Results:Network pharmacology analysis predicts that AR-AAR may improve skin damage induced by UVR through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Histological staining shows that AR-AAR can significantly reduce inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in damaged skin.Treatment with AR-AAR(2:1)significantly reduced the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand ROS in UVR-damaged rat skin.After treatment with AR-AAR(2:1),not only did the relative mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT and the protein expression levels of PI3K,AKT,P-PI3K,and P-AKT increase,but the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-9 decreased.Conclusion:The study indicate that the AR-AAR combination and its active components may mitigate UVR skin damage by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(32130068,32271634,and 32071597)CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLFES-2025)。
文摘Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify TSEMF in response to environmental changes.However,there has been limited exploration of multitrait combinations for predicting TS-EMF across seasons and of trait thresholds that enhance TS-EMF.Here,for 10 dominant tree species in urban forests of Northeast China,14 traits were measured and four aboveground and three belowground ecological functions assessed in three seasons.Ecological functions and TS-EMF differed significantly throughout the seasons(P<0.05).Synergistic relationships were found between carbon sequestration and oxygen release,between cooling and humidification,and between organic carbon accumulation and nutrient cycling.Notably,aboveground multifunctionality played a leading role in TS-EMF.With seasonal changes,resource allocation shifted toward traits related to resource acquisition rather than conservation to maintain TS-EMF.The combination of traits that predicted TS-EMF varied by type,accounting for up to 66.45%of the variation.TS-EMF was primarily driven by leaf structure in spring and by nutrient accumulation in autumn.Leaf carbon content(LCC)consistently served as a stabilizing factor for predicting TS-EMF across seasons.At 36.5-36.8 mg g^(-1),LCC had its optimal effect on TS-EMF.Other traits in combination that positively influence total TS-EMF include leaf nitrogen content(3.43-3.45 mg g^(-1)),leaf phosphorus content(0.80-0.83 mg g^(-1)),and leaf area(65.86-68.43 cm^(2)).Within these specified trait thresholds,Morus alba and Quercus mongolica were identified as key species.These findings suggest that the trade-off between various ecological functions can be managed by altering plant traits across seasons.This approach could provide a theoretical foundation for enhancing the TS-EMF of urban forests through trait-based management,offering practical guidance for selecting tree species.
基金Project supported by the Key Deployment Special Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.PTYQ2022YZ0001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62175255 and 62227822)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3602602)。
文摘We develop an ultrafast Yb-fiber laser system based on eight-channel coherent beam combining utilizing commercially available rod-type Yb-fibers.To ensure good combining efficiency and long-term operation of the system at the attosecond laser facility under construction,we fully stabilize the phase,group-delay,and beam-pointing of the eight fiber channels.Especially,we propose a novel multi-step hill climbing method to control both group-delay and beam-pointing.At a repetition rate of 1 MHz,this laser system delivers 270-fs pulses with 1.18-k W average power(1.18-m J pulse energy).The average-power instability of the laser system running for 12 hours is 0.32%.
文摘Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for hydrogen,this paper proposes a bi-level optimization of configurations and scheduling for combined cooling,heating,and power(CCHP)microgrid systems considering shared hybrid electric-hydrogen energy storage service.The upper-level model addresses the capacity allocation problem of energy storage stations,while the lower-level model optimizes the operational strategies for the multi-microgrid system(MMS).To resolve the complexity of the coupled bi-level problem,Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and the Big-M method are applied to reformulate it into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model,compatible with CPLEX.The economic viability and rationality of the proposed approach are verified through comparisons of three cases.Numerical results show that the proposed approach reduces user annual costs by 20.15%compared to MMS without additional energy storage equipment and achieves 100%renewable absorption.For operators,it yields 5.71 M CNY annual profit with 3.02-year payback.Compared to MMS with electricity sharing,it further cuts user costs by 3.84%,boosts operator profit by 60.71%,and shortens payback by 15.88%.
基金Project(2007CB707706) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Projects(51075327,10972179) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金 Project(SKLMT-KFKT-201011) supported by Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,China Projects(2009JQ7006,2007E203) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China Projects(09JK680,07JK340) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Department of Education of Shaanxi Province of China
文摘Based on the Reynolds equation with Reynolds boundary conditions, the Castelli method was employed to solve the Reynolds equation for oil lubrication upon bearings. By doing so, a profile of nonlinear oil film force of single-pad journal bearings is established. According to the structure of combination journal bearings, nonlinear oil film force of combination journal bearing is obtained by retrieval, interpolation and assembly techniques. As for symmetrical flexible Jeffcott rotor systems supported by combination journal bearings, the nonlinear motions of the center of the rotor are calculated by the self-adaptive Runge-Kutta method and Poincar6 mapping with different rotational speeds. The numerical results show that the system performance is slightly better when the pivot ratio changes from 0.5 to 0.6, and reveals nonlinear phenomena of periodic, period-doubing, quasi-periodic motion, etc.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81972832)Project supported by College Students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program of Fujian Province(S202010386051).
文摘Sorafenib,a molecular targeted multi-kinase inhibitor,has received considerable interests in recent years due to its significant profiles of efficacy in cancer therapy.However,poor pharmacokinetic properties such as limited water solubility,rapid elimination and metabolism lead to low bioavailability,restricting its further clinical application.Over the past decade,with substantial progress achieved in the development of nanotechnology,various types of smart sorafenib nanoformulations have been developed to improve the targetability as well as the bioavailability of sorafenib.In this review,we summarize various aspects from the preparation and characterization to the evaluation of antitumor efficacy of numerous stimuli-responsive sorafenib nanodelivery systems,particularly with emphasis on their mechanism of drug release and tumor microenvironment response.In addition,this review makes great effort to summarize the nanosystem-based combination therapy of sorafenib with other antitumor agents,which can provide detailed information for further synergistic cancer therapy.In the final section of this review,we also provide a detailed discussion of future challenges and prospects of designing and developing ideal sorafenib nanoformulations for clinical cancer therapy.
基金supported in part by the Japan Ministry of Education,Sciences and Culture under Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)(21560471)the Green Industry Leading Program of Hubei University of Technology(CPYF2017003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1160147411461082)
文摘We consider quadratic stabilization for a class of switched systems which are composed of a finite set of continuoustime linear subsystems with norm bounded uncertainties. Under the assumption that there is no single quadratically stable subsystem, if a convex combination of subsystems is quadratically stable, then we propose a state-dependent switching law, based on the convex combination of subsystems, such that the entire switched linear system is quadratically stable. When the state information is not available, we extend the discussion to designing an outputdependent switching law by constructing a robust Luenberger observer for each subsystem.
文摘AIM:To assess the effects of the fixed combination of0.005% latanoprost and 0.5% timolol(FCLT) vs their individual components for primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and ocular hypertension(OHT).· METHODS:After searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and SCI, all randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs) and cross-over studies were included. The control groups were the monotherapy or the concomitant therapy of latanoprost and timolol. The outcomes were visual field defect, optic atrophy, mean intraocular pressure(IOP) and IOP fluctuation. The analysis was carried out in RevMan version 5.1 software.RESULTS:Thepost-interventionmeanIOPofFCLTwas significantly lower compared to timolol [mean difference(MD)-2.92, 95%CI-3.28 to-2.55, P 【0.00001] and latanoprost(MD-1.11, 95%CI-1.51 to-0.72, P 【0.00001). The postintervention IOP fluctuation was also significantly lower compared to timolol(MD-0.88, 95%CI-1.23 to-0.53, P 【0. 00001) and latanoprost( MD- 0. 63, 95 % CI- 1. 04to-0.22, P =0.002). The mean IOP was higher in FCLT morning dose group than the one in unfixed combination of 0.005% latanoprost and 0.5% timolol(UFCLT)(MD1.10, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.39, P 【0.00001). Otherwise, there was no difference between FCLT evening dose group and UFCLT(MD 0.34, 95% CI-0.01 to 0.69, P =0.06).There was no statistical difference for the incidence ofvisual field defect and optic atrophy between FCLT and the monotherapy of components.CONCLUSION:A better IOP lowering effect has been demonstrated for FCLT compared to the monotherapy of components. The IOP lowering effect was worse for FCLT morning dose and almost same for FCLT evening dose compared to the UFCLT. We need more long-term high quality RCTs to demonstrate the outcomes of visual field defect and optic atrophy.visual field defect and optic atrophy between FCLT and the monotherapy of components.CONCLUSION:A better IOP lowering effect has been demonstrated for FCLT compared to the monotherapy of components. The IOP lowering effect was worse for FCLT morning dose and almost same for FCLT evening dose compared to the UFCLT. We need more long-term high quality RCTs to demonstrate the outcomes of visual field defect and optic atrophy.
基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,No.2021-I2M-1-061 and 2021-1-I2M-003CSCOhengrui Cancer Research Fund,No.Y-HR2019-0239+1 种基金CSCO-MSD Cancer Research Fund,No.Y-MSDZD2021-0213National Ten-thousand Talent Program。
文摘BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Many patients have reached the advanced stage when the second primary tumor is found,resulting in no early intervention and treatment.This is due to the misunderstanding of MPMTs by clinicians,who treat such tumors as metastases.Therefore,before a patient has a second primary tumor,doctors should understand some common combinations of digestive system MPMTs to provide clinical guidance to the patient.AIM To explore the high incidence combination of digestive system MPMTs under heterochronism and synchronization.METHODS A total of 1902 patients with MPMTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into metachronous MPMT and synchronous MPMT groups,and then the high incidence combinations of the first primary cancer and the second primary cancer in metachronous cancer and synchronous cancer were sorted.Sex and age differences between metachronous and synchronous tumors were tested by the chi square test and t test,respectively.A P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and SPSS version 26.0(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,Illinois,United States)was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Among the 1902 patients with MPMTs confirmed by pathology,1811(95.2%)cases were secondary primary cancers,89(4.7%)cases were tertiary primary cancers,and 2(0.1%)cases were quaternary primary cancers.Most(88.2%)of the secondary primary cancers were identified as metachronous multiple primary cancers six months after diagnosis of the first primary cancer.The top ten most common MPMTs in the first primary cancer group ranged from high to low as follows:Breast cancer,thyroid cancer,nonuterine cancer,lung cancer,colon cancer,kidney cancer,uterine cancer,bladder cancer,rectal cancer,and gastric cancer.The highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in male metachronous cancer was lung cancer(11.6%),the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was still lung cancer(24.9%),the highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in female metachronous cancer was breast cancer(32.7%),and the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was lung cancer(20.8%).Among them,breast cancer,nonuterine cancer and uterine cancer were female-specific malignant tumor types,and thyroid cancer also accounted for 79.6%of female patients.The top five metachronous cancer combinations,independent of female-specific malignant tumor types and thyroid cancer,were colon cancer and lung cancer(26 cases),kidney cancer and lung cancer(25 cases),rectal cancer and lung cancer(20 cases),gastric cancer and lung cancer(17 cases),and bladder cancer and lung cancer(17 cases).The most common synchronous cancer combination was colon cancer and rectal cancer(15 cases).CONCLUSION Screening for lung cancer should be performed six months after the detection of colon cancer while rectal cancer screening should be performed within six months.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373826,No.81100658)Development Project of Science and Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province(No.2013ZDZK-083)Development Project of Medicine and Health Science Technology of Shandong Province(No.2013WS0251)
文摘AIMTo compare the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) alone or in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) vs PDT in patients with symptomatic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).METHODSA systematic search of a wide range of databases (including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) was searched to identify relevant studies. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT studies were included. Methodological quality of included literatures was evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RevMan 5.2.7 software was used to do the Meta-analysis.RESULTSThree RCTs and 6 retrospective studies were included. The results showed that PDT monotherapy had a significantly higher proportion in patients who achieved complete regression of polyps than IVR monotherapy at months 3, 6, and 12 (All P≤0.01), respectively. However, IVR had a tendency to be more effective in improving vision on the basis of RCTs. The proportion of patients who gained complete regression of polyps revealed that there was no significant difference between the combination treatment and PDT monotherapy. The mean change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline showed that the combination treatment had significant superiority in improving vision vs PDT monotherapy at months 3, 6 and 24 (All P<0.05), respectively. In the mean time, this comparison result was also significant at month 12 (P<0.01) after removal of a heterogeneous study.CONCLUSIONIVR has non-inferiority compare with PDT either in stabilizing or in improving vision, although it can hardly promote the regression of polyps. The combination treatment of PDT and IVR can exert a synergistic effect on regressing polyps and on maintaining or improving visual acuity. Thus, it can be the first-line therapy for PCV.
基金supported by Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,China
文摘Platinum-based anticancer agents are widely used as first-line drugs in cancer chemotherapy for various solid tumors.However,great side effects and occurrence of resistance remain as the major drawbacks for almost all the platinum drugs developed.To conquer these problems,new strategies should be adopted for platinum drug based chemotherapy.Modern nanotechnology has been widely employed in the delivery of various therapeutics and diagnostic.It provides the possibility of targeted delivery of a certain anticancer drug to the tumor site,which could minimize toxicity and optimize the drug efficacy.Here,in this review,we focused on the recent progress in polymer based drug delivery systems for platinum-based combination therapy.
文摘Characterization of real-time and ultrafast motions of the complex molecules at surface and interface is critical to understand how interracial molecules function. It requires to develop surface-sensitive, fast-identification, and time-resolved techniques. In this study, we employ several key technical procedures and successfully develop a highly sensitive femtosecond time-resolved sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy （SFG-VS） system. This system is able to measure the spectra with two polarization combinations （ssp and ppp, or psp and ssp） simultaneously. It takes less than several seconds to collect one spectrum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the fastest speed of collecting SFG spectra reported by now. Using the time-resolved measurement, ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the N-H mode of α-helical peptide at water interface is determined. It is found that the membrane environment does not affect the N-H vibrational relaxation dynamics. It is expected that the time-resolved SFG system will play a vital role in the deep understanding of the dynamics and interaction of the complex molecules at surface and interface. Our method may also provide an important technical proposal for the people who plan to develop time-resolved SFG systems with simultaneous measurement of multiple polarization combinations.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. G2009CB929300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60521001 and 60925016)
文摘The alternate combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network （AGANN） has been presented to correct the systematic error of the density functional theory （DFT） calculation. It treats the DFT as a black box and models the error through external statistical information. As a demonstration, the ACANN method has been applied in the correction of the lattice energies from the DFT calculation for 72 metal halides and hydrides. Through the AGANN correction, the mean absolute value of the relative errors of the calculated lattice energies to the experimental values decreases from 4.93% to 1.20% in the testing set. For comparison, the neural network approach reduces the mean value to 2.56%. And for the common combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network, the value drops to 2.15%. The multiple linear regression method almost has no correction effect here.
文摘Depending on double compound synchronization and compound combination synchronization, a new kind of syn- chronization is introduced which is the double compound combination synchronization （DCCS） of eight n-dimensional chaotic systems. This kind may be considered as a generalization of many types of synchronization. In the communica- tion, based on many of drive and response systems, the transmitted and received signals will be more secure. Using the Lyapunov stability theory and nonlinear feedback control, analytical formulas of control functions are obtained to insure our results. The corresponding analytical expression and numerical treatment are used to show the validity and feasibility of our proposed synchronization scheme. The eight memristor-based Chua oscillators are considered as an example. Other examples can be similarly investigated. The proposed synchronization technique is supported using the MATLAB simula- tion outcomes. We obtain the same results of numerical treatment of our synchronization using simulation observations of our example.
