A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.In this paper,it is shown that 1-planar graphs with girth at least7 are（1,1,1,0）-colorable.
In this paper, the concepts of tree chromatic numbers and uniquely tree colorable graphs are introduced. After discussion some fundamental properties, three necessary conditions for a simple graph to be uniquely tr...In this paper, the concepts of tree chromatic numbers and uniquely tree colorable graphs are introduced. After discussion some fundamental properties, three necessary conditions for a simple graph to be uniquely tree colorable are given. Moreover, a series of uniquely tree colorable graphs are constructed.展开更多
A linear coloring of a graph G is a proper vertex coloring such that the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is the union of vertex-disjoint paths. The linear chromatic number lc（G） of G is the sm...A linear coloring of a graph G is a proper vertex coloring such that the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is the union of vertex-disjoint paths. The linear chromatic number lc（G） of G is the smallest number of colors in a linear coloring of G. In this paper, we prove that every planar graph G with maximum degree 5 is 11-linear-colorable.展开更多
Self-repairing coatings hold promise for prolonging the lifespan of steel structures and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from metal corrosion.Reversible chemistry-based intrinsic self-repairing has emerged as a cutt...Self-repairing coatings hold promise for prolonging the lifespan of steel structures and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from metal corrosion.Reversible chemistry-based intrinsic self-repairing has emerged as a cutting-edge strategy for addressing material damage.However,achieving effective repair at damaged coating interfaces remains challenging due to adhesion limitations between the coating and substrate.In this study,we propose an innovative approach to efficiently repair coating damage using photothermal-induced confined solid-liquid transition.We developed a unique structured coating by incorporating ther-moplastic epoxy resin(EP)into a polyethersulfone(PES)network skeleton through controlled reaction-induced phase separation.Additionally,we synthesized visible-light transmittable copper sulfide(CuS)nanocrystals as photothermal fillers to impart PES/EP-CuS coating with colorability.Upon near-infrared(NIR)laser irradiation,the EP phase undergoes confined solid-liquid transition at the crack site,enabling it to flow through the PES skeleton and seal the crack.This process promotes contact between damaged interfaces and closes the crack through interfacial tension.The PES/EP-CuS coating exhibited exceptional anti-corrosion restoration during service,showcasing its robust self-repairing capability.展开更多
A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the Euclidean plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.A proper vertex k-coloring of a graph G is defined as a vertex coloring from a set of k colors such ...A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the Euclidean plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.A proper vertex k-coloring of a graph G is defined as a vertex coloring from a set of k colors such that no two adjacent vertices have the same color.A graph that can be assigned a proper k-coloring is k-colorable.A cycle is a path of edges and vertices wherein a vertex is reachable from itself.A cycle contains k vertices and k edges is a k-cycle.In this paper,it is proved that 1-planar graphs without 4-cycles or 5-cycles are 5-colorable.展开更多
[Objectives]To distinguish loquat flesh color,thereby guiding early-age selection in loquat hybrid progeny.[Methods]Molecular markers based on the phytoene synthase gene(PSY)of loquat were applied to a hybrid progeny ...[Objectives]To distinguish loquat flesh color,thereby guiding early-age selection in loquat hybrid progeny.[Methods]Molecular markers based on the phytoene synthase gene(PSY)of loquat were applied to a hybrid progeny population derived from a cross between‘Zaozhong 6’and a local wild white-fleshed loquat resource‘DB1’.[Results]Among the 49 hybrid progeny,24 were identified as white-fleshed loquat resources and 25 as yellow-fleshed loquat resources.[Conclusions]The molecular marker of the PSY gene can effectively distinguish loquat flesh color and is of significant importance for guiding early-age selection in loquat hybrid breeding.展开更多
The Pantone Color of the Year 2026,PANTONE 11-4201 Cloud Dancer,has been introduced as a soft,lofty white symbolizing calm and clarity in an increasingly noisy world.This gentle shade invites a sense of peace and spac...The Pantone Color of the Year 2026,PANTONE 11-4201 Cloud Dancer,has been introduced as a soft,lofty white symbolizing calm and clarity in an increasingly noisy world.This gentle shade invites a sense of peace and spaciousness,encouraging focus and creating room for creativity and reflection.Cloud Dancer embodies a desire for simplicity and renewal-a blank canvas that allows our minds to wander and new ideas to take shape.Its expansive presence fosters environments where tranquility meets inspiration,offering visual calm that supports wellbeing and mental lightness.展开更多
Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approa...Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approaches or focused on a limited range of metabolites,leaving the regulatory mechanisms and dynamic metabolism of anthocyanins during ripening inadequately characterized.This study integrated anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to identify key anthocyanins in sweet cherry and construct a transcriptional regulatory network for anthocyanin biosynthesis.A novel bHLH transcription factor,Prunus avium bHLH transcription factor 102(PavbHLH102),was identified,and its role in regulating cyanidin levels was validated through overexpression and silencing experiments.Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that PavbHLH102 activates key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes,including PavF3H,PavDFR,and PavUFGT,thereby enhancing fruit coloration.Notably,PavF3′H upregulation significantly increased cyanidin accumulation.This study provides new insights into anthocyanin regulation in sweet cherry and offers valuable resources for improving fruit quality.展开更多
Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remain...Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remains unclear.This study explores the impact of DNA methylation on the fig peel coloration.Enzymatic colorimetric detection revealed that the level of‘Purple Peel’fig DNA methylation decreases with fig fruit ripening and coloring.Treatment of young fruit with the DNA-methylation inhibitor azacytidine induced peel coloration,suggesting that a decrease in DNA-methylation level promotes fig peel coloration.Seven members of DNA methyltransferases and three members of DNA demethylases were identified from a high-level fig genome,highlighting FcMET1 and FcDRM2 as stable proteins,ensuring functional expression.Reference to the Arabidopsis protein interaction network map predicted that FcMET1 is in a central position,suggesting a crucial regulatory role in multiple biological processes.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FcMET1 expression during peel development and the level of total DNA methylation.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified co-expression of FcMET1 with the color-related transcription factors MYB,bHLH and WD40,as well as with eight structural genes in the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway.The expression of FcUFGT3 was negatively correlated with that of FcMET1.McrBC-PCR and Bisulfite Sequencing detection showed that a low methylation level of the FcUFGT3 promoter corresponds with its high expression in colored fig.This investigation of the mechanism of DNA methylation provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of DNA-methylation modifications in fig ripening and coloring.展开更多
Flexible and wearable sensors offer immense potential for rehabilitation medicine,but most rely solely on electrical signals,lacking real-time visual feedback and limiting trainee's interactivity.Inspired by the s...Flexible and wearable sensors offer immense potential for rehabilitation medicine,but most rely solely on electrical signals,lacking real-time visual feedback and limiting trainee's interactivity.Inspired by the structural coloration of Cyanocitta stelleri feathers,we developed a dual-mode sensor by utilizing black conductive polymer hydrogel(CPH)-enhanced structural color strategy.This sensor integrates a hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC)-based structural color interface with a designed CPH sensing component.Highly visible light-absorbing CPH(absorption rate>88%)serves as the critical substrate for enhancing structural color performance.By absorbing incoherent scattered light and suppressing background interference,it significantly enhances the saturation of structural color,thereby achieving a high contrast index of 4.92.Unlike the faint and hardly visible structural colors on non-black substrates,the HPC on CPH displays vivid,highly perceptible colors and desirable mechanochromic behavior.Moreover,the CPH acts as a flexible sensing element,fortified by hydrogen and coordination bond networks,and exhibits exceptional electromechanical properties,including 867.1 kPa tensile strength,strain sensitivity(gauge factor of 4.24),and outstanding durability(over 4400 cycles).Compared to traditional single-mode sensors,the integrated sensor provides real-time visual and digital dual feedback,enhancing the accuracy and interactivity of rehabilitation assessments.This technology holds promise for advancing next-generation rehabilitation medicine.展开更多
One-dimensional(1D)organic-inorganic halide perovskites have produced significant research interest due to their unique structure and superior tunable luminescence properties.Here,we successfully achieved a unique col...One-dimensional(1D)organic-inorganic halide perovskites have produced significant research interest due to their unique structure and superior tunable luminescence properties.Here,we successfully achieved a unique color-tunable phenomenon of Mn-doped 1D post-perovskite(TDMP)PbBr_(4)(TDMP=trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine)(TPBM-14)under high pressure.Which exhibited tunable photoluminescence(PL)emission from red to yellow orange.Meanwhile,the band gap continued to decrease below 20.0 GPa,accompanied by piezochromism,which was associated the shrinkage and distortion of inorganic,which enhances the crystal field splitting energy and reduces the energy gap of the ^(4)T_(1) to ^(6)A_(1) transition.The unique octahedral corner-and edge-sharing structure of(TDMP)PbBr_(4),the synergistic effect of Mn doping and pressure induces local lattice distortion in TPBM-14,leading to a significant enhancement of the STE emission at 8.1 GPa.Our research explores the intrinsic connection between the band structure and optical properties of TPBM-14 under high pressure and offers valuable insights for performance optimization.展开更多
A t-tone coloring of a graph assigns t distinct colors to each vertex with vertices at distance d having fewer than d colors in common.The t-tone chromatic number of a graph is the smallest number of colors used in al...A t-tone coloring of a graph assigns t distinct colors to each vertex with vertices at distance d having fewer than d colors in common.The t-tone chromatic number of a graph is the smallest number of colors used in all t-tone colorings of that graph.In this article,we study t-tone coloring of some finite planar lattices and obtain exact formulas for their t-tone chromatic number.展开更多
By leveraging the unique qualities of microorganisms,engineered living materials(ELMs)offer functional and economic advantages in everyday applications along with notable ecological benefits.This study contributes to ...By leveraging the unique qualities of microorganisms,engineered living materials(ELMs)offer functional and economic advantages in everyday applications along with notable ecological benefits.This study contributes to the growing field of biodesign by examining the potential of Flavobacteria for thermochromic ELMs.Many Flavobacteria,commonly found in marine environments,produce iridescent structural colorations as their colonies expand on semi-solid surfaces through gliding motility.In this study,we analyzed the effects of temperature variations on flavobacterium Cellulophaga lytica PLY A 2,characterizing distinct changes in colony growth and iridescent colorations at a macroscopic and microscopic scale.Using scanning electron microscopy,we investigated the relationship between iridescent color and the underlying cell-based optical structures.By providing insights into the temperature-responsive behavior of Flavobacteria,our findings highlight their potential for future thermochromic ELMs-with applications ranging from sustainable food packaging to smart textiles-while encouraging further characterization studies within biodesign research.展开更多
Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challengin...Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.展开更多
Osmanthus fragrans is most famous for its strong aroma,and different varieties have different degrees of fragrance and color.Fragrance and color are important factors affecting the ornamental quality of O.fragrans.Ter...Osmanthus fragrans is most famous for its strong aroma,and different varieties have different degrees of fragrance and color.Fragrance and color are important factors affecting the ornamental quality of O.fragrans.Terpenoids are important secondary metabolites in plants,with β-carotene(C40)being the major pigment substance and linalool(C10)being the key aromatic component in O.fragrans.The geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase genes(GGPPSs)play important roles in secondary metabolism in plants.However,the functions of the GGPPS family in floral color and fragrance formation has rarely been reported in O.fragrans.In this study,24 Of GGPPS genes were identified and classified into two subfamilies.The Of GGPPSs showed tissue-specific expression and Of GGPPS13 had highest expression in flowers.The Of GGPPS13 protein was localized to chloroplasts.The transcriptome data of Of GGPPS13 was verified by q RT-PCR and the expression level in‘Wanyingui'with strong aroma was higher than that in‘Zhuangyuanhong'with deep color at different flower development stages.Transient overexpression of Of GGPPS13 in O.fragrans petals showed that Of GGPPS13 increased the β-carotene content,the main color substance of O.fragrans,but decreased the linalool content,the main volatile organic compound(VOC)in the floral aroma of O.fragrans.Of GGPPS13 was indicated as the critical gene related to terpenoid synthesis in the floral aroma and color formation in O.fragrans.Our findings provide gene resources on the GGPPS gene family for further revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of the floral color and aroma formation in O.fragrans.展开更多
Retinal diseases are a serious threat to human visual health and their early diagnosis is crucial.Currently,most of the retinal disease diagnostic algorithms are based on a single imaging modality of fundus color phot...Retinal diseases are a serious threat to human visual health and their early diagnosis is crucial.Currently,most of the retinal disease diagnostic algorithms are based on a single imaging modality of fundus color photography(FCP)or optical coherence tomography(OCT).These methods can only reflect retinal diseases to a certain extent,ignoring the speci ficity of modalities between different imaging modalities.In this research,a newmulti-scale feature fusion network(MSFF-Net)model for multi-modal retinal image diagnosis is proposed.The MSFF-Net model employs a dualbranch architecture design,enabling efficient learning and extraction of multi-modal feature information related to retinal diseases from CFP and OCT images.MSFF-Net improves disease diagnosis by combining multi-scale features of CFP and OCT images.When evaluated on challenging datasets,the model achieved an accuracy of 95.00%and an F1-score of 95.24%for retinal disease diagnosis.Even under low-quality dataset conditions,it maintained robust performance,with diagnostic accuracy and F1-scores of 71.50%and 71.73%,respectively.In addition,the MSFFNet model outperformed eight state-of-the-art single and multi-modal models in the comparison experiments.The proposed MSFF-Net model provides ophthalmologists with a more accurate and efficient diagnostic pathway that helps them detect and treat retinal diseases earlier.展开更多
The minimum number of colors needed to properly color the vertices and edges of a graph G is called the total chromatic number of G and denoted by χ'' (G). It is shown that if a planar graph G has maximum deg...The minimum number of colors needed to properly color the vertices and edges of a graph G is called the total chromatic number of G and denoted by χ'' (G). It is shown that if a planar graph G has maximum degree Δ≥9, then χ'' (G) = Δ + 1. In this paper, we prove that if G is a planar graph with maximum degree 8 and without intersecting chordal 4-cycles, then χ ''(G) = 9.展开更多
A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we prove that every 1-planar graph G with maximum degree △（G） 〉 12 and girth at least five...A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we prove that every 1-planar graph G with maximum degree △（G） 〉 12 and girth at least five is totally （△（G）＋1）-colorable.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11271365)the Joint Funds of Department of Education under the Natural Science Funds of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2014JL001)
文摘A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.In this paper,it is shown that 1-planar graphs with girth at least7 are（1,1,1,0）-colorable.
文摘In this paper, the concepts of tree chromatic numbers and uniquely tree colorable graphs are introduced. After discussion some fundamental properties, three necessary conditions for a simple graph to be uniquely tree colorable are given. Moreover, a series of uniquely tree colorable graphs are constructed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11071223)the Natural ScienceFoundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. Z6090150)Research Project of Zhejiang Educational Committee(Grant No. Y201121311)
文摘A linear coloring of a graph G is a proper vertex coloring such that the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is the union of vertex-disjoint paths. The linear chromatic number lc（G） of G is the smallest number of colors in a linear coloring of G. In this paper, we prove that every planar graph G with maximum degree 5 is 11-linear-colorable.
基金the financial support through the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271355)the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Joint Fund-Young Scientist Project(No.225200810108)+3 种基金the Basic Scientific Research Fund Project of Henan Academy of Sciences(No.230618023)the Research Startup Fund of Henan Academy of Sciences(Nos.231818027,232018001)the High-level Achievement Award and Cultivation Project of Henan Academy of Sciences(No.242218021)the Zhuhai City Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project(No.ZH22017001210148PWC).
文摘Self-repairing coatings hold promise for prolonging the lifespan of steel structures and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from metal corrosion.Reversible chemistry-based intrinsic self-repairing has emerged as a cutting-edge strategy for addressing material damage.However,achieving effective repair at damaged coating interfaces remains challenging due to adhesion limitations between the coating and substrate.In this study,we propose an innovative approach to efficiently repair coating damage using photothermal-induced confined solid-liquid transition.We developed a unique structured coating by incorporating ther-moplastic epoxy resin(EP)into a polyethersulfone(PES)network skeleton through controlled reaction-induced phase separation.Additionally,we synthesized visible-light transmittable copper sulfide(CuS)nanocrystals as photothermal fillers to impart PES/EP-CuS coating with colorability.Upon near-infrared(NIR)laser irradiation,the EP phase undergoes confined solid-liquid transition at the crack site,enabling it to flow through the PES skeleton and seal the crack.This process promotes contact between damaged interfaces and closes the crack through interfacial tension.The PES/EP-CuS coating exhibited exceptional anti-corrosion restoration during service,showcasing its robust self-repairing capability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12071265)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2019MA032)。
文摘A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the Euclidean plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.A proper vertex k-coloring of a graph G is defined as a vertex coloring from a set of k colors such that no two adjacent vertices have the same color.A graph that can be assigned a proper k-coloring is k-colorable.A cycle is a path of edges and vertices wherein a vertex is reachable from itself.A cycle contains k vertices and k edges is a k-cycle.In this paper,it is proved that 1-planar graphs without 4-cycles or 5-cycles are 5-colorable.
基金Supported by Chengdu Science and Technology ProjectResearch and Development of Key Production Technologies and Scientific and Technological Services for Characteristic Fruit Trees in Lezhi County,Ziyang City(Science and Technology Commissioner)(2025-YF05-00549-SN).
文摘[Objectives]To distinguish loquat flesh color,thereby guiding early-age selection in loquat hybrid progeny.[Methods]Molecular markers based on the phytoene synthase gene(PSY)of loquat were applied to a hybrid progeny population derived from a cross between‘Zaozhong 6’and a local wild white-fleshed loquat resource‘DB1’.[Results]Among the 49 hybrid progeny,24 were identified as white-fleshed loquat resources and 25 as yellow-fleshed loquat resources.[Conclusions]The molecular marker of the PSY gene can effectively distinguish loquat flesh color and is of significant importance for guiding early-age selection in loquat hybrid breeding.
文摘The Pantone Color of the Year 2026,PANTONE 11-4201 Cloud Dancer,has been introduced as a soft,lofty white symbolizing calm and clarity in an increasingly noisy world.This gentle shade invites a sense of peace and spaciousness,encouraging focus and creating room for creativity and reflection.Cloud Dancer embodies a desire for simplicity and renewal-a blank canvas that allows our minds to wander and new ideas to take shape.Its expansive presence fosters environments where tranquility meets inspiration,offering visual calm that supports wellbeing and mental lightness.
基金funding from the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(Grant Nos.2025ZNSFSC1100,2024NSFSC0324)the National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2017YFC0505104)+2 种基金the Sichuan Agricultural University Dual Support Plan Special Project(Grant No.2024ZYTS020)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZB20250863)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2025M773740).
文摘Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approaches or focused on a limited range of metabolites,leaving the regulatory mechanisms and dynamic metabolism of anthocyanins during ripening inadequately characterized.This study integrated anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to identify key anthocyanins in sweet cherry and construct a transcriptional regulatory network for anthocyanin biosynthesis.A novel bHLH transcription factor,Prunus avium bHLH transcription factor 102(PavbHLH102),was identified,and its role in regulating cyanidin levels was validated through overexpression and silencing experiments.Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that PavbHLH102 activates key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes,including PavF3H,PavDFR,and PavUFGT,thereby enhancing fruit coloration.Notably,PavF3′H upregulation significantly increased cyanidin accumulation.This study provides new insights into anthocyanin regulation in sweet cherry and offers valuable resources for improving fruit quality.
基金supported by 111 Project(Grant No.B17043)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M723425).
文摘Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remains unclear.This study explores the impact of DNA methylation on the fig peel coloration.Enzymatic colorimetric detection revealed that the level of‘Purple Peel’fig DNA methylation decreases with fig fruit ripening and coloring.Treatment of young fruit with the DNA-methylation inhibitor azacytidine induced peel coloration,suggesting that a decrease in DNA-methylation level promotes fig peel coloration.Seven members of DNA methyltransferases and three members of DNA demethylases were identified from a high-level fig genome,highlighting FcMET1 and FcDRM2 as stable proteins,ensuring functional expression.Reference to the Arabidopsis protein interaction network map predicted that FcMET1 is in a central position,suggesting a crucial regulatory role in multiple biological processes.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FcMET1 expression during peel development and the level of total DNA methylation.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified co-expression of FcMET1 with the color-related transcription factors MYB,bHLH and WD40,as well as with eight structural genes in the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway.The expression of FcUFGT3 was negatively correlated with that of FcMET1.McrBC-PCR and Bisulfite Sequencing detection showed that a low methylation level of the FcUFGT3 promoter corresponds with its high expression in colored fig.This investigation of the mechanism of DNA methylation provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of DNA-methylation modifications in fig ripening and coloring.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0065/2023/AFJ,0116/2022/A3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52402166)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2025A1515011120)the Australian Research Council(DE220100154)the financial support from the Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT),Macao SAR(No.0149/2022/A),and(No.0046/2024/AFJ)Guangdong Science and Technology Department(2023QN10C305)for this workthe financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22305185)。
文摘Flexible and wearable sensors offer immense potential for rehabilitation medicine,but most rely solely on electrical signals,lacking real-time visual feedback and limiting trainee's interactivity.Inspired by the structural coloration of Cyanocitta stelleri feathers,we developed a dual-mode sensor by utilizing black conductive polymer hydrogel(CPH)-enhanced structural color strategy.This sensor integrates a hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC)-based structural color interface with a designed CPH sensing component.Highly visible light-absorbing CPH(absorption rate>88%)serves as the critical substrate for enhancing structural color performance.By absorbing incoherent scattered light and suppressing background interference,it significantly enhances the saturation of structural color,thereby achieving a high contrast index of 4.92.Unlike the faint and hardly visible structural colors on non-black substrates,the HPC on CPH displays vivid,highly perceptible colors and desirable mechanochromic behavior.Moreover,the CPH acts as a flexible sensing element,fortified by hydrogen and coordination bond networks,and exhibits exceptional electromechanical properties,including 867.1 kPa tensile strength,strain sensitivity(gauge factor of 4.24),and outstanding durability(over 4400 cycles).Compared to traditional single-mode sensors,the integrated sensor provides real-time visual and digital dual feedback,enhancing the accuracy and interactivity of rehabilitation assessments.This technology holds promise for advancing next-generation rehabilitation medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12404024,12474414,12174144,12474009)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2023A1515012706,2022A1515011669)+5 种基金the Cooperative education platform of GuangdongProvince(No.(2016)31)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials,Jilin University(No.202414)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515110120)the Major Science and TechnologyResearch and Development Project of Jiangxi Province(No.20223AAE01003)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Jiangmen(No.2020030102940008548)the Science Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University(Nos.2021AL019,2019AL029).
文摘One-dimensional(1D)organic-inorganic halide perovskites have produced significant research interest due to their unique structure and superior tunable luminescence properties.Here,we successfully achieved a unique color-tunable phenomenon of Mn-doped 1D post-perovskite(TDMP)PbBr_(4)(TDMP=trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine)(TPBM-14)under high pressure.Which exhibited tunable photoluminescence(PL)emission from red to yellow orange.Meanwhile,the band gap continued to decrease below 20.0 GPa,accompanied by piezochromism,which was associated the shrinkage and distortion of inorganic,which enhances the crystal field splitting energy and reduces the energy gap of the ^(4)T_(1) to ^(6)A_(1) transition.The unique octahedral corner-and edge-sharing structure of(TDMP)PbBr_(4),the synergistic effect of Mn doping and pressure induces local lattice distortion in TPBM-14,leading to a significant enhancement of the STE emission at 8.1 GPa.Our research explores the intrinsic connection between the band structure and optical properties of TPBM-14 under high pressure and offers valuable insights for performance optimization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12271210)the Scientific Research Foundation of Jimei University(Grant No.Q202201).
文摘A t-tone coloring of a graph assigns t distinct colors to each vertex with vertices at distance d having fewer than d colors in common.The t-tone chromatic number of a graph is the smallest number of colors used in all t-tone colorings of that graph.In this article,we study t-tone coloring of some finite planar lattices and obtain exact formulas for their t-tone chromatic number.
基金partial support from the Living Circular Labels project,funded by the Taskforce for Applied Research SIA’s KIEM programme(No.CIE.06.007)in the Netherlands。
文摘By leveraging the unique qualities of microorganisms,engineered living materials(ELMs)offer functional and economic advantages in everyday applications along with notable ecological benefits.This study contributes to the growing field of biodesign by examining the potential of Flavobacteria for thermochromic ELMs.Many Flavobacteria,commonly found in marine environments,produce iridescent structural colorations as their colonies expand on semi-solid surfaces through gliding motility.In this study,we analyzed the effects of temperature variations on flavobacterium Cellulophaga lytica PLY A 2,characterizing distinct changes in colony growth and iridescent colorations at a macroscopic and microscopic scale.Using scanning electron microscopy,we investigated the relationship between iridescent color and the underlying cell-based optical structures.By providing insights into the temperature-responsive behavior of Flavobacteria,our findings highlight their potential for future thermochromic ELMs-with applications ranging from sustainable food packaging to smart textiles-while encouraging further characterization studies within biodesign research.
基金supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CATAS-Nos.1630152023007,1630152023011,1630152023012,1630152023013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071805).
文摘Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071828 and 32471943)the Central Finance Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Demonstration Project,China(Su2024TG04)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),Chinapartly supported by the open funds of the National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops,China。
文摘Osmanthus fragrans is most famous for its strong aroma,and different varieties have different degrees of fragrance and color.Fragrance and color are important factors affecting the ornamental quality of O.fragrans.Terpenoids are important secondary metabolites in plants,with β-carotene(C40)being the major pigment substance and linalool(C10)being the key aromatic component in O.fragrans.The geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase genes(GGPPSs)play important roles in secondary metabolism in plants.However,the functions of the GGPPS family in floral color and fragrance formation has rarely been reported in O.fragrans.In this study,24 Of GGPPS genes were identified and classified into two subfamilies.The Of GGPPSs showed tissue-specific expression and Of GGPPS13 had highest expression in flowers.The Of GGPPS13 protein was localized to chloroplasts.The transcriptome data of Of GGPPS13 was verified by q RT-PCR and the expression level in‘Wanyingui'with strong aroma was higher than that in‘Zhuangyuanhong'with deep color at different flower development stages.Transient overexpression of Of GGPPS13 in O.fragrans petals showed that Of GGPPS13 increased the β-carotene content,the main color substance of O.fragrans,but decreased the linalool content,the main volatile organic compound(VOC)in the floral aroma of O.fragrans.Of GGPPS13 was indicated as the critical gene related to terpenoid synthesis in the floral aroma and color formation in O.fragrans.Our findings provide gene resources on the GGPPS gene family for further revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of the floral color and aroma formation in O.fragrans.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82472104 and U24B2053)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2025JC-JCQN-023)+2 种基金the Key Core Technology Research and Development of Shaanxi(No.2024QY2-GJHX-03)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-CX-TD-54)the Xidian University Specially Funded Project for Interdisciplinary Exploration(No.TZJHF202510).
文摘Retinal diseases are a serious threat to human visual health and their early diagnosis is crucial.Currently,most of the retinal disease diagnostic algorithms are based on a single imaging modality of fundus color photography(FCP)or optical coherence tomography(OCT).These methods can only reflect retinal diseases to a certain extent,ignoring the speci ficity of modalities between different imaging modalities.In this research,a newmulti-scale feature fusion network(MSFF-Net)model for multi-modal retinal image diagnosis is proposed.The MSFF-Net model employs a dualbranch architecture design,enabling efficient learning and extraction of multi-modal feature information related to retinal diseases from CFP and OCT images.MSFF-Net improves disease diagnosis by combining multi-scale features of CFP and OCT images.When evaluated on challenging datasets,the model achieved an accuracy of 95.00%and an F1-score of 95.24%for retinal disease diagnosis.Even under low-quality dataset conditions,it maintained robust performance,with diagnostic accuracy and F1-scores of 71.50%and 71.73%,respectively.In addition,the MSFFNet model outperformed eight state-of-the-art single and multi-modal models in the comparison experiments.The proposed MSFF-Net model provides ophthalmologists with a more accurate and efficient diagnostic pathway that helps them detect and treat retinal diseases earlier.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2009AM009)Scientific Research Foundation for the Excellent Middle-Aged and Youth Scientists of Shandong Province (Grant No. BS2012SF016)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11001055 and 11101243)
文摘The minimum number of colors needed to properly color the vertices and edges of a graph G is called the total chromatic number of G and denoted by χ'' (G). It is shown that if a planar graph G has maximum degree Δ≥9, then χ'' (G) = Δ + 1. In this paper, we prove that if G is a planar graph with maximum degree 8 and without intersecting chordal 4-cycles, then χ ''(G) = 9.
基金This work was supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10471131)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.Y604167)
文摘In this paper we prove that every planar graph without 4,6 and 8-cycles is 3-colorable.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11271006)
文摘A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we prove that every 1-planar graph G with maximum degree △（G） 〉 12 and girth at least five is totally （△（G）＋1）-colorable.
